CN104920124B - A method of inhibit tobacco root-knot to do harm to using sana - Google Patents
A method of inhibit tobacco root-knot to do harm to using sana Download PDFInfo
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- CN104920124B CN104920124B CN201510342566.7A CN201510342566A CN104920124B CN 104920124 B CN104920124 B CN 104920124B CN 201510342566 A CN201510342566 A CN 201510342566A CN 104920124 B CN104920124 B CN 104920124B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods inhibiting tobacco root-knot evil using sana, include the following steps：(1) after sowing sana, the straw harvesting after sana toothing is carried out, harvests sana stalk；The sana finally gathered in is crushed into field；(2) the sana stalk of harvest is crushed into stacking, the sana stalk after stacking is applied in the cave of the pool.The generation that the present invention for the first time does harm to sana stalk for reducing tobacco root-knot；The present invention avoids tobacco seedlings using the method that sana inhibits tobacco root-knot to do harm to and is in direct contact with chemical fertilizer, reduce the amount of application of vega chemical fertilizer, improve soil texture, reduce the irrigation times of cigarette strain, the drought resistance for improving cigarette strain enhances the growth and development of the microbial activity and cigarette strain root system around cigarette root.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the biological Control Technology fields of agriculture and forestry pest, and in particular to a kind of to inhibit Tobacco Root using sana
The method of Root-knot evil.
Background technology
Root-knot nematode is a kind of omnivorousness plant pathogeny line insect of height specialized form.Root knot nematode disease be vegetables, melon and fruit, in
The important disease of a variety of agriculture and forestry plants such as medicine, flowers, tobacco, fruit tree.Pathogenic nematode in the soil, or to be attached on kind of root
Larva, adult and insect gall are the primary infection source in next year.The root of eelworm harm is also easy to produce wound, induce root disease fungus,
The Combined Infection of bacterium aggravates harm.
Root-knot nematode is overwintering with 2 instar larvaes and ovum in the soil, living worm body leave host in the case of, can survive
1-3, it can continuously, breed cause harm incessantly, so the root-knot nematode quantity in soil is more and more, in addition now
Focusing on regarding to root-knot nematode controlling despises anti-, payes attention to chemical prevention, and chemical prevention is to it that the effect is unsatisfactory, so endangering increasingly
Seriously.
Wherein, tobacco root-knot is distributed very wide in the world, and the major cigarette district in the world has tobacco root-knot hair
Raw, the disease is distributed mainly on the cigarette districts such as Henan, Shandong, Anhui, Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan and south China at present.According to statistics,
1967-1968 in the world the loss caused by tobacco root-knot up to 6.82 hundred million dollars.China tobacco root knot in recent years
The occurring area of nematodiasis increases year by year, and new lesion continuously emerges, and old lesion harm constantly aggravates, the general hair of root knot nematode disease
Sick vega underproduction 30-40%, grave illness field underproduction 60-70%.
Currently, chemical prevention and control method is commonly used in the prevention for tobacco root-knot.Chemical prevention is often with some hypertoxic agricultures
Medicine kills nematode, these pesticides not only destroy crop root, but also destroys root system beneficial microorganism in soil and survive
Environment has broken soil balance, has caused vicious circle, caused nematode resistance more and more stronger, occurs increasingly severe.
Chemical pesticide is vulnerable to the environmental factor of soil after being manured into soil and line effect is killed in accelerated decomposition, reduction.Nematode is
Lower animal, cutin thickness, chemical agent are difficult to enter internal.Chemopreventive effects difference another the reason is that, now
Chemical pesticide majority is invalid to the ovum of nematode, and root-knot nematode cause of disease majority is mixed population, and dominant population changes quickly, often
Rule chemical prevention is difficult to obtain preferable control effect.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to solve the defects that the evil of chemical prevention tobacco root-knot in the prior art occurs, and carry
For a kind of method inhibiting tobacco root-knot evil using sana.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of method inhibiting tobacco root-knot evil using sana, packets
Include following steps：(1) after sowing sana, the straw harvesting after sana toothing is carried out, harvests sana stalk；The bean that will finally gather in
Fiber crops crush into field；(2) the sana stalk of harvest is crushed into stacking, the sana stalk after stacking is applied in the cave of the pool.
In step (1), after tobacco leaf picking, sana seed is sowed in the 9-10 months of current year, is carried out after planting 40-45 days
Straw harvesting after first time sana toothing 15-20cm carries out liquid manure supplement after harvesting to stubble strain；Plantation 90-95 days it is laggard
Straw harvesting after second of sana toothing 20-25cm of row carries out liquid manure supplement after harvesting to stubble strain；In plantation 120-125 days
Sana is finally gathered in afterwards, sana is cut and is put in dead furrow in the same direction, sana stalk was in field natural drying 2-3 days, then
The sana stalk of dead furrow is ploughed with mini-tiller it is broken, finally to sana plantation moisture surface carry out deep plough and cultivated broken sana stalk is turned over
Indentation soil.
In step (1), after tobacco leaf picking, sana seedling is transplanted in 2-3 months next year, is carried out after planting 40-45 days
Straw harvesting after first time sana toothing 20-25cm carries out liquid manure supplement after harvesting to stubble strain；It is right after planting 70-80 days
Sana is finally gathered in, and sana is cut and is put in dead furrow in the same direction, and sana stalk was in field natural drying 2-3 days, then with micro-
Plough machine the sana stalk of dead furrow is ploughed it is broken, finally to sana plantation moisture surface carry out deep ploughing and by cultivated broken sana stalk turn over into
Soil.
The compound solution that the liquid manure is 5/1000ths, the mass ratio of N P and K is 1-2: 1-2: 1-2 in compound solution.
In step (2), the stalk of harvest is ground into the broken bar of 8-12cm, broken bar is then carried out the every 5-15cm's of stacking
The pig manure of one layer of 2-4cm of broken bar layer covering or cow dung, stacking height are 50-80cm.
Before tobacco seedlings transplanting, the sana stalk after stacking is sprayed to the brown sugar aqueous of 5-10%, the pool is applied after stirring evenly
In cave, dosage 0.2-0.4 cubic metres per acre.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：
(1) generation that the present invention for the first time does harm to sana for reducing tobacco root-knot.The method of the present invention reduces
The generation of tobacco root-knot evil, improves quality of tobacco.
(2) present invention avoids tobacco seedlings using the method that sana inhibits tobacco root-knot to do harm to and is in direct contact with chemical fertilizer,
The amount of application for reducing vega chemical fertilizer, improves soil texture, reduces the irrigation times of cigarette strain, improves the drought resisting of cigarette strain
Property, enhance the growth and development of the microbial activity and cigarette strain root system around cigarette root.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is carried out with reference to embodiment explanation is explained in detail.
Embodiment 1
The present invention's inhibits the method for tobacco root-knot evil as follows using sana：
(1) tobacco root-knot evil occurs in the training base selection of Yuxi agricultural professional technique institute mid-September
10 mu of plot, wherein 6 mu of progress sana plantations, 4 mu as control, 2600 cave of dig reservoir per acre, per bunch planting kind 2-3.Sow bean
Before numb seed, bubble seed is invaded 4-8 hours with clear water.
(2) first time harvesting is carried out to sana stalk (at the beginning of 11 months) after sana is planted 45 days, sana stubble strain is poured after harvesting
Liquid manure (N-P2O5-K2O, the compound solution of 15-15-15) a concentration of 5/1000ths, 2 kilograms every plant.Certainly to the stalk of harvesting simultaneously
Stalk is crushed the segment for being long 12cm or so by so drying 1 day by the miniature stalk crasher of straw utilization after natural drying.
Stacking is carried out with pig manure to the stalk after pulverization process, successively heap covers one layer of left side 3cm on the stalk per 10cm thickness
Right pig manure, 4 layers of stalk stacking.
(3) (late December) carries out aftercrop to sana stalk after sana is planted 95 days, timely to bean after harvesting
Liquid manure (N-P is poured in numb stubble strain2O5-K2O, the compound solution of 15-15-15) concentration 5/1000ths, 2 kilograms every plant.Simultaneously to harvesting
Stalk natural drying 2 days, it is the small of long 8cm or so that the miniature stalk crasher of straw utilization after natural drying, which is crushed stalk,
Section.
Stacking is carried out with pig manure to the stalk after pulverization process, successively heap covers one layer of left side 4cm on the stalk per 10cm thickness
Right pig manure, 5 layers of stalk stacking.
(4) sana plants 125 days or so (late January) and is finally gathered in sana, directly cuts sana and puts in the same direction
In dead furrow, sana stalk in field natural drying 2 days, after the sana stalk of dead furrow is ploughed with mini-tiller it is broken, after sana is planted
Moisture surface deep plough while cultivated broken sana stalk is turned over and buried by the soil ploughed using moisture surface.
(5) the 2-3 days brown sugar to processing 100 days or so sana stalks of stacking sprinkling 5% before tobacco seedlings transplanting mid-April
Aqueous, mix thoroughly to can hold it is agglomerating, shake nature scatter when.
(6) by treated, stalk application needs plant cigarette to put in the pool cave of base fertilizer before tobacco transplant, the dosage of base fertilizer
One third fewer than conventional base fertilizer, base fertilizer are general calcium fertilizer, per acre 0.2 cubic metre of dosage.
The processing of sana stalk is shown in Table 1 with situation after the harvesting of control treatment cigarette strain.It as shown in Table 1, can be effectively using sana
The quantity of 2 age root-knot nematodes is reduced to reduce the generation of tobacco root-knot evil.
The processing of 1 sana stalk of table and situation table after the harvesting of control treatment cigarette strain
Embodiment 2
The present invention's inhibits the method for tobacco root-knot evil as follows using sana：
(1) in the dry embankment villagers' committee selection tobacco root-knot evil generation in Sichuan Province Panzhihua City Renhe District The Big Dragon Pool
10 mu of plot, wherein 6 mu of progress sana plantations, 4 mu are planted as control, in early Febuary by the way of transplanted seedling strain under film,
2600 cave of dig reservoir per acre is planted seedlings plant 1-2 plants per cave kind.The breeding method of sana seedling strain is：Sana seed is seeded in covered rearing
In lattice cave in the nursery lattice disk of seedling matrix, seed be implanted into seedling medium depth be 0.2-0.5cm, after with seedling medium will plant
Son covering, then be placed in depth of water 2-5cm nursery ponds in nursery lattice disk, solution, wherein solution packet is added after 2 days in pool water within
The phosphate fertilizer of nitrogenous fertilizer, 150ppm containing 150ppm, the potash fertilizer of 150ppm.It will emerge 5, carrying out when the 4th leaf occurs in bean seedling seedling
Transplanting.
(2) straw harvesting after first time sana toothing 20cm is carried out after sana is planted 40 days.To sana field after harvesting
Stubble strain use the supplement of 5/1000ths compound solution liquid manure, and first 10 days were being transplanted to sana in cigarette strain by 30 days or so
Finally gathered in, directly sana cut and is put in dead furrow in the same direction, sana stalk in field natural drying 3 days, after use mini-tiller
The sana stalk of dead furrow is ploughed it is broken, after to the moisture surface of sana plantation deep plough simultaneously will be cultivated broken using the soil that moisture surface is ploughed
Sana stalk, which turns over, to bury.
(3) to crushing the broken bar for being length 6-10cm with stalk crasher after the sana stalk natural drying of harvesting 1 day, after
Broken bar is subjected to stacking.Broken bar layer per 10cm or so covers the cow dung of one layer of 2-4cm, stacking height 52cm.After cover film
Stacking 30 days or so is spare.
(4) tobacco seedlings transplant preceding 2 days to sana stalk sprinkling 10% brown sugar aqueous, mix thoroughly to can hold it is agglomerating, shake
It is applied when scattering naturally and plant cigarette is needed to put in the pool cave of base fertilizer, per acre 0.4 cubic metre of dosage.
The processing of sana stalk and the cigarette strain situation of control treatment are shown in Table 2.As shown in Table 2, the root knot line of sana stalk processing
Parasitosis strain rate is reduced compared with control treatment, and the cigarette strain base fertilizer usage amount of sana stalk processing is also fewer than control treatment, says
The bright application that chemical fertilizer can be reduced using sana, and the generation of tobacco root-knot evil can be effectively reduced.
The processing of 2 sana stalk of table and control treatment cigarette strain situation table
Embodiment 3
(1) in the dry embankment villagers' committee selection tobacco root-knot evil generation in Sichuan Province Panzhihua City Renhe District The Big Dragon Pool
10 mu of plot, wherein 5 mu of progress sana plantations, 5 mu are planted as control, at 6 days 2 months by the way of transplanted seedling strain under film,
2600 cave of dig reservoir per acre is planted seedlings plant 1-2 plants per cave kind.The breeding method of sana seedling strain is：Sana seed is seeded in covered rearing
In lattice cave in the nursery lattice disk of seedling matrix, seed be implanted into seedling medium depth be 0.2-0.5cm, after with seedling medium will plant
Son covering, then be placed in depth of water 2-5cm nursery ponds in nursery lattice disk, solution, wherein solution packet is added after 2 days in pool water within
The phosphate fertilizer of nitrogenous fertilizer, 150ppm containing 150ppm, the potash fertilizer of 150ppm.
(2) straw harvesting after first time sana toothing 20cm is carried out after sana is planted 40 days.To sana field after harvesting
Stubble strain use the supplement of 5/1000ths compound solution liquid manure, is finally gathered in sana within 22nd in April, directly by bean
Fiber crops are cut and are put in dead furrow in the same direction, sana stalk in field natural drying 2 days, after the sana stalk of dead furrow is ploughed with mini-tiller it is broken,
Afterwards the moisture surface of sana plantation deep plough while cultivated broken sana stalk is turned over and buried by the soil ploughed using moisture surface.
(3) to crushing the broken bar for being length 8cm or so with stalk crasher after the sana stalk natural drying of harvesting 2 days,
Broken bar is subjected to stacking afterwards.Broken bar layer per 10cm or so covers the pig manure of one layer of 2-4cm, stacking height 65cm or so.After cover
Lid film stacking 33 days.
(4) to after stacking sana stalk sprinkling 5% brown sugar aqueous, mix thoroughly to can hold it is agglomerating, shake nature scatter when
It applies 1 year root knot nematode disease evil and occurs this year and need to plant cigarette and put in the pool cave of base fertilizer, per acre 0.3 cubic metre of dosage.
It is shown in Table 3 using sana stalk and control treatment root knot nematode in tobacco incidence situation.As shown in Table 3, using sana
Stalk is sent out than the root-knot nematode in the correspondence period of control treatment in group's phase, prosperous long-term, the phase of binding root-knot nematode incidence
Sick rate is low, illustrates the generation that tobacco root-knot evil is reduced using sana.
Table 3 uses sana stalk and control treatment root knot nematode in tobacco incidence situation
Presently preferred embodiments of the present invention is not intended to limit the invention, it is all in substantive content of the present invention made by
Any modification, equivalent replacement and simple modifications etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of method inhibiting tobacco root-knot evil using sana, which is characterized in that include the following steps：（1）Sowing
After sana, the straw harvesting after sana toothing is carried out, harvests sana stalk；The sana finally gathered in is crushed into field；（2）It will
The sana stalk of harvest crushes stacking, and the sana stalk after stacking is applied in the cave of the pool；
Step（1）In, after tobacco leaf picking, sana seed is sowed in the 9-10 months of current year, first is carried out after planting 40-45 days
Straw harvesting after secondary sana toothing 15-20cm carries out liquid manure supplement after harvesting to stubble strain；The is carried out after 90-95 days in plantation
Straw harvesting after secondary sana toothing 20-25cm carries out liquid manure supplement after harvesting to stubble strain；It is right after planting 120-125 days
Sana is finally gathered in, and sana is cut and is put in dead furrow in the same direction, and sana stalk was in field natural drying 2-3 days, then with micro-
Plough machine the sana stalk of dead furrow is ploughed it is broken, finally to sana plantation moisture surface carry out deep ploughing and by cultivated broken sana stalk turn over into
Soil；
Alternatively, sowing replaces with transplanting, step（1）In, after tobacco leaf picking, sana seedling is transplanted in 2-3 months next year, is being planted
The straw harvesting after first time sana toothing 20-25cm is carried out after planting 40-45 days, and liquid manure supplement is carried out to stubble strain after harvesting；
Plantation finally gathered in sana after 70-80 days, and sana is cut and is put in dead furrow in the same direction, sana stalk is in field natural drying
2-3 days, then the sana stalk of dead furrow is ploughed with mini-tiller it is broken, finally to sana plantation moisture surface carry out deep ploughing and will plough it is broken
Sana stalk, which turns over, to bury；
Step（2）In, the stalk of harvest is ground into the broken stalk of 8-12cm, broken stalk is then subjected to stacking, per 5-15cm
The pig manure of one layer of 2-4cm of broken stalk layer covering or cow dung, stacking height are 50-80cm；Before tobacco seedlings transplanting, by the bean after stacking
The brown sugar aqueous of numb stalk sprinkling 5-10%, applies after stirring evenly in the cave of the pool, dosage 0.2-0.4 cubic metres per acre.
2. the method according to claim 1 for inhibiting tobacco root-knot evil using sana, which is characterized in that the water
The compound solution that fertilizer is 5/1000ths, the mass ratio of N P and K is 1-2 in compound solution：1-2：1-2.
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| CN201510342566.7A CN104920124B (en) | 2015-06-19 | 2015-06-19 | A method of inhibit tobacco root-knot to do harm to using sana |
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| CN104920124B true CN104920124B (en) | 2018-08-28 |
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| CN102613256A (en) * | 2012-02-24 | 2012-08-01 | 袁为祥 | Plant medicine of tobacco root knot nematode disease and preparation method thereof |
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