CN104885929A - Hybrid seed production method for Erigeron breviscapus (Vant.) Hand.-Mazz. - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a hybrid seed production method for Erigeron breviscapus (Vant.) Hand.-Mazz., and belongs to the technical field of Chinese herbal medicine reproduction. According to the method, an inbred line with the self-compatibility rate lower than 2% is selected as a female parent, an isolatable protected area is taken as a seed farm, soil preparation is performed to form a bed, a male parent is subjected to sowing by stages for seedling raising one week earlier than the female parent and two weeks later than the female parent respectively, colonization is performed in the line ratio of male and female parents being 1:2 at the line interval of 7 cm when seedlings grow to have three leaves and one tip, 0.05% KH2PO4 fertilizer is sprayed for concentrated flower-formation promotion, supplementary pollination for wedge-shaped Erigeron breviscapus (Vant.) Hand.-Mazz. blades is performed, wilted male parent flowers are removed timely in the pollination period, and timely anti-falling harvest is performed. The method comprises the steps of parental selection, seed farm selection, soil preparation for bed forming, soilless seedling raising, seedling transplanting for colonization, concentrated flower-formation promotion, supplementary pollination, pollination period management and seed harvest. The method has the benefits of simplicity, easiness, high seed production quantity, higher hybrid purity, more orderly offspring characteristics and capability of realizing heterosis breeding of the Erigeron breviscapus (Vant.) Hand.-Mazz..

Description

A kind of fleabane flower cross-breeding method

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of fleabane flower cross-breeding method, belong to Chinese herbal medicine propagation technique field.

Background technology

Fleabane flower ( erigeron breviscapus(Vant.) Hand.-Mazz.), have another name called the fleabane flower root of Chinese wild ginger, Erigeron breviscapus, for composite family bitter fleabane belongs to perennial plant, have dispel rheumatism, promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, dysmenorrhoea is active, anti-inflammatory analgetic, Zhitan effect.Main in wind-cold-dampness arthralgia, paralysis due to windstroke, toothache, flu etc. clinically.Medicine result of study shows, the main medical active composition of fleabane flower has Breviscapinun, pyromeconic acid and caffeoyl compounds etc.At present, domestic existing more than 80 fleabane flower preparation manufacturing enterprises of family, major product has the six large classes such as medicinal extract, capsule, injection (liquid drugs injection and freeze-dried powder), tablet, electuary and oral liquid, nearly 20 kinds.

Along with the expansion of the fleabane flower market demand, the destructiveness of wild resource is excavated and the forfeiture in habitat, causes wild stocks individual amount to fall sharply, and raw material has become the bottleneck of fleabane flower medicine company development.Late 1990s, the R&D institutions such as Kunming Institute of Zoology have carried out the introduction and acclimatization research of fleabane flower, and current fleabane flower realizes artificial cultivation plantation substantially.

Fleabane flower large area artificial cultivation is planted, and the requirement of people to kind is also more and more higher, and fleabane flower preparation enterprise wishes that the medical active composition of raw material is high, non agricultural chemical residuum; Fleabane flower grower then wishes to plant high, the disease-resistant kind of output.Be difficult to by the planting material of wild domestication the demand meeting people at present, by selecting purification to obtain some fleabane flower cultivars, as No. 1, numerous mountains, proterties neat and consistent, shows higher output and stronger adaptability.But still seeming that fleabane flower kind is too single, the hybrid vigour of plant fails to be given full play of.Compared with routine kind, the F of heterosis breeding institute seed selection ₁often in plant growing way, output, quality and disease resistance etc., there is very strong advantage for hybrid.With regard to fleabane flower breeding, also do not have the new varieties of heterosis breeding to come out up to now, main cause is (1), and fleabane flower cultivated species breeding work is carried out more late, and the human and material resources of this respect research and financial resources all show slightly not enough; (2) breeding goal of inbred line is also very not clear and clear and definite; (3) germplasm identification technology also shows slightly not enough; (4) hybridization pollination technology can't solve.The flower of fleabane flower is capitulum, and be made up of some little Hua, artificial emasculation is extremely difficult, and the little Hua that pollinates only ties a seed, production is also difficult to meet by kind of a demand.There is stronger Self-Incompatibility in fleabane flower in addition, and average inbreeding Setting percentage is less than 10%.This also brings huge obstacle to the seed produces of current conventional variety.

Fleabane flower cross-breeding method of the present invention, by literature search, has no the open report identical with the present invention.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of needs that can meet heterosis breeding, the fleabane flower cross-breeding method of seed production can be increased substantially again.

Fleabane flower cross-breeding method of the present invention, concrete steps are as follows:

A. Juvenile stage: select self-compatible rate lower than 2% inbred line as female parent;

B. seed farm is selected: select do not have the protecting field of root rot to carry out the production of hybrid seeds, production of hybrid seeds protecting field will be planted with other fleabane flowers and be isolated, and prevents non-paternal pollen and insect from entering production of hybrid seeds protecting field;

Do furrow: mu executes decomposed dung 2500-3000kg, composite fertilizer (N-P-K=15-15-15) 15-20kg c. wholely, soil deep tillage is to 20-25 cm, do the furrow of wide 90-120cm, high 10-20cm, furrow are high and furrow are wide adjusts according to water retention, the soil that moisture capacity is strong does narrow high furrow, and the soil of poor water retention property does wide low furrow;

D. seeding and seedling raising: adopt the nursery of PE plug media, or adopt foam cave dish floating seedlings, male parent divides 2 batches of sowings, prior to maternal 1 week with prolong in female parent 2 weeks;

E. to transplant seedlings field planting: height of seedling 4-5cm, during 3 leaf 1 heart and field planting, Parent plantation row is than being 1:2, line-spacing 7cm; Female parent strain distance is 10cm, plum blossom field planting; Male parent is prior to maternal field planting 50%, spacing in the rows 10cm in 1 week, and prolong 50% in maternal 2 weeks field planting remainders, final male parent spacing in the rows is 5cm;

F. short flower is concentrated: the KH of aobvious flower bud phase spraying concentration 0.05% ₂pO ₄fertilizer, 1 time every other day, connects and sprays 3 times;

G. supplementary pollination: get fleabane flower blade, be cut into wedge shape, paternal pollen is got at tip, is put on maternal column cap;

H. pollination period management: male parent flower occurs that wilting will be extractd in time, the seed preventing paternal plant from tying is infiltrated in the seed of female parent strain knot;

I. seed collection: wait to spend lower stem to occur withered and yellowly namely gathering, when gathering, holds fresh idea, cuts fresh idea gently on the other hand, avoids seed shedding.

The present invention's medicine used is that market is bought, and parent is formed by Yunnan Prov Agriculture University's seed selection.

Beneficial effect of the present invention is:

A, method are simple, hybrid seed yield is high;

B. seed hybrid purity is higher, and characters of progenies is relatively more neat, can realize fleabane flower heterosis breeding.

Embodiment

Following examples medicine used and be market buy, parent is formed by Yunnan Prov Agriculture University's seed selection.

embodiment 1:

A. Juvenile stage: maternal y-4-2-5 is selected from the wild domestication material in Yuxi, self-compatible rate 1.25%; Male parent q-14, numerous mountains No. 2 Single-plant selection offsprings, self-compatible rate 4.33%;

B. seed farm is selected: plastic tunnel 80 order fly nets are isolated from the outside, and access door is sliding door, is provided with fly net door curtain in door, and before in booth, stubble did not plant fleabane flower;

C. do furrow: mu executes decomposed dung 3000kg, composite fertilizer (N-P-K=15-15-15) 15kg, soil deep tillage, to 20-25 cm, does the furrow of wide 120cm, high 10cm wholely;

D. seeding and seedling raising: adopt the nursery of PE plug media, male parent first in sowing on January 6, second batch was sowed January 27; Female parent was sowed January 13;

E. to transplant seedlings field planting: height of seedling 4cm, field planting during 3 leaf 1 heart, Parent plantation row is than being 1:2, line-spacing 7cm.First male parent in field planting on March 20, spacing in the rows 10cm; April 11, field planting second batch male parent was between first male parent, and final male parent spacing in the rows is 5cm; Maternal in field planting on March 27, plum blossom field planting, spacing in the rows is 10cm;

F. concentrate short flower: mid or late June Parent start aobvious flower bud, the KH of spraying concentration 0.05% ₂pO ₄fertilizer, 1 time every other day, connects and sprays 3 times;

G. supplementary pollination: get fleabane flower blade, be cut into wedge shape, paternal pollen is got at tip, is put on maternal column cap;

H. pollination period management: extract the male parent flower occurring wilting in time;

I. seed collection: wait to spend lower stem to occur withered and yellowly namely gathering.When gathering, one holds fresh idea, cuts fresh idea gently on the other hand, avoids seed shedding.

Through average every 168.35, the bow structure seed of statistics maternal plant, on average often spend Setting percentage more than 80%.Filial generation proterties regularity qualification result shows: the populational variation coefficient of main blade proterties is 15.21%, and with the populational variation coefficient 16.02% and 14.97% of Parent leaf characters without significant difference, illustrate that hybrid generation's proterties is neat, hybrid purity is higher.

embodiment 2

A. Juvenile stage: maternal q-1, numerous mountains No. 2 Single-plant selection offsprings, self-compatible rate 0.33%; Male parent y-4-1-2 is selected from the wild domestication material in Yuxi, self-compatible rate 0.67%;

B. seed farm is selected: plastic tunnel 80 order fly nets are isolated from the outside, and access door is sliding door, is provided with fly net door curtain in door, and before in booth, stubble did not plant fleabane flower,

C. do furrow: mu executes decomposed dung 2500kg, composite fertilizer (N-P-K=15-15-15) 20kg, soil deep tillage, to 20-25 cm, does the furrow of wide 90cm, high 20cm wholely;

D. seeding and seedling raising: adopt foam panel floating seedlings, male parent first in sowing on September 3, second batch was sowed September 24; Female parent was sowed September 10;

E. to transplant seedlings field planting: height of seedling 5cm, field planting during 3 leaf 1 heart, Parent plantation row than 1:2, line-spacing 7cm.First male parent in field planting on November 20, spacing in the rows 10cm; December 11, field planting second batch male parent was between first male parent, and final male parent spacing in the rows is 5cm; Maternal in field planting on November 27, plum blossom field planting, spacing in the rows is 10cm;

F. concentrate short flower: early April Parent start aobvious flower bud, the KH of spraying concentration 0.05% ₂pO ₄fertilizer, 1 time every other day, connects and sprays 3 times;

G. supplementary pollination: get fleabane flower blade, be cut into wedge shape, paternal pollen is got at tip, is put on maternal column cap;

H. pollination period management: extract the male parent flower occurring wilting in time.

I. seed collection: wait to spend lower stem to occur withered and yellowly namely gathering, when gathering, holds fresh idea, cuts fresh idea gently on the other hand, avoids seed shedding.

Through average every 152.84, the bow structure seed of statistics maternal plant, on average often spend Setting percentage more than 75%.Filial generation proterties regularity qualification result shows: the populational variation coefficient of main blade proterties is 15.67%, and with populational variation coefficient 16.28 % and 15.33% of Parent leaf characters without significant difference, illustrate that hybrid generation's proterties is neat, hybrid purity is higher.

Claims (1)

1. a fleabane flower cross-breeding method, is characterized in that the concrete steps of the method are as follows:

A. Juvenile stage: select self-compatible rate lower than 2% inbred line as female parent;

B. seed farm is selected: select do not have the protecting field of root rot to carry out the production of hybrid seeds, production of hybrid seeds protecting field will be isolated with other fleabane flower growing areas, and prevents non-paternal pollen and insect from entering production of hybrid seeds protecting field;

C. do furrow: mu executes the composite fertilizer 15-20kg of decomposed dung 2500-3000kg, N-P-K=15-15-15, soil deep tillage, to 20-25 cm, does the furrow of wide 90-120cm, high 10-20cm wholely;

D. soilless-cultivated seedling: adopt the nursery of PE plug media, or adopt foam cave dish floating seedlings, male parent divides 2 batches of sowings, prior to maternal 1 week with prolong in female parent 2 weeks;

E. to transplant seedlings field planting: height of seedling 4-5cm, during 3 leaf 1 heart and field planting, Parent plantation row is than being 1:2, line-spacing 7cm; Female parent strain distance is 10cm, plum blossom field planting; Male parent is prior to maternal field planting 50%, spacing in the rows 10cm in 1 week, and prolong 50% in maternal 2 weeks field planting remainders, final male parent spacing in the rows is 5cm;

F. short flower is concentrated: the KH of aobvious flower bud phase spraying concentration 0.05% ₂pO ₄fertilizer, 1 time every other day, connects and sprays 3 times;

G. supplementary pollination: get fleabane flower blade, be cut into wedge shape, paternal pollen is got at tip, is put on maternal column cap;

H. pollination period management: male parent flower occurs that wilting will be extractd in time;

I. seed collection: wait to spend lower stem to occur withered and yellowly namely gathering, when gathering, holds fresh idea, cuts fresh idea gently on the other hand.