CN104855105B - Tobacco leaf cultivation method for improving tobacco leaf grade structure - Google Patents
Tobacco leaf cultivation method for improving tobacco leaf grade structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN104855105B CN104855105B CN201510269220.9A CN201510269220A CN104855105B CN 104855105 B CN104855105 B CN 104855105B CN 201510269220 A CN201510269220 A CN 201510269220A CN 104855105 B CN104855105 B CN 104855105B
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- nicotiana tabacum
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
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- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a tobacco leaf cultivation method for improving a tobacco leaf grade structure. The method is implemented during the tobacco plant field growth stage. For burley tobacco or Maryland tobacco, during the vigorous growing stage of tobacco plants, namely, about 35 days after transplantation, blades of three tobacco leaves are picked off continuously in good time; for the flue-cured tobacco, during the spherical plant stage of tobacco plant growth, namely, about 28 days after transplantation, three tobacco leaves are picked off continuously, and later production technology measures and modulation technology measures are executed according to the current scheme. By the application of the technical method, the photosynthetic environment of the tobacco plants can be remarkably improved, the high middle tobacco rate in a raw material of the modulated tobacco is increased, the tobacco leaf yield is increased, the tobacco leaf quality level is improved, and therefore the target of improving the tobacco leaf grade structure is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of tobacco cultivation method for improving tobacco leaf degree structure, belongs to tobacco cultivation technical field.
Background technology
Nicotiana tabacum L., used as leaf class industrial crops, its yield and quality is formed is affected larger by sunlight-heat reaources.It is big with world's sound tobacco
State compares, and China's Nicotiana tabacum L. producing region is because latitude is higher, most of producing region is distributed in the reasons such as mountain area, generally existing field growth period
Between illumination inadequate resource phenomenon, so as to not cause the tobacco leaf degree structure after modulating good and quality level is not high；And Medicated cigarette
In industry, especially high-grade cigarette brand requires the hierarchical organization of raw tobacco material higher, i.e., more favor in raw tobacco material
First-class cigarette.Therefore, effective agrotechnical measure how is taken to maximally utilise limited sunlight-heat reaources, so as to improve
Tobacco leaf degree structure is one of important focus of current tobacco cultivation technology.
From in terms of technical field of cultivation, technical measures main at present mainly have three classes：The first kind is that optimization crop is extraneous raw
Long environment, including optimize the improvement of the growth conditionss such as the management to ecological factors such as moisture, nutrients and soil, this kind of technology ratio
It is more traditional, and improvement effect is very limited.Equations of The Second Kind is Optimization Planting Models, including optimization land for growing field crops start toughness, transplanting
Mode and the method optimizing planting system such as catch cropping is carried out by the crop of arrange in pairs or groups different cultivars or different plant height；Such as Patent No.
The patent of ZL201110081653.3, entitled " a kind of cultural method for improving photosynthetic efficiency of tobacco ", is by optimizing transplanting
Mode and start toughness increasing intercepting and capturing amount of the cigarette strain to photosynthetically active radiation, so as to improve tobacco production and value amount level.3rd class
It is the plant type of directly artificial change crop, makes up to comparatively ideal canopy structure, this kind of method is also rarely seen on tobacco cultivation
Report, but have many references in multi-form agriculture cultivation, including prune, plant type etc. pruned, to ensure that effective stem and leaf or Fruit branch can cut
Obtain the more sufficient quantity of illumination.As Publication No. CN101926276A, entitled " 3+1 tree form of pear tree and its shaping methods " it is special
Profit, is trimmed to pear tree only three scaffold limbs and a center is done, to obtain preferably photosynthetic Conditions；Publication No.
A kind of patent of CN1306739, entitled " high-yield cotton cultivating method of reserving proper amount of branches ", there is provided pruning method, that is, take magnificent sieve
Heptan, optimal seeking method applied skill because of strain, be summarized as " 344 type ", " 256 type ", " one eight eight type ", " three wooden forks or non-prime type of double branch ",
" single top bell-adding type " five kinds of pruning methods, make individual plant in hollow umbrella shape, and cotton field top is wavy, to obtain preferably Population Light
Cyclization border and yield and quality structure.
A kind of tobacco cultivation method for improving tobacco leaf degree structure of the present invention belongs to above-mentioned three types of technology measure, directly changes
Become the plant type structure of cigarette strain, enable cigarette strain to obtain preferable photosynthetic environment, so as to improve tobacco leaf degree structure and yield and quality level.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of tobacco cultivation method for improving tobacco leaf degree structure, the method is big in cigarette strain
Field trophophase, extracts the blade of part leaf position in good time, enables cigarette strain to obtain the intercepting and capturing face of larger photosynthetically active radiation；By answering
This technology measure is used, the photosynthetic environment of cigarette strain can be significantly improved, the average photosynthetic rate of each leaf position blade of cigarette strain is improved, and finally
Improve the better-than-average cigarette rate of raw tobacco material and tobacco production and value amount level after modulation；So as to realize improving the mesh of tobacco leaf degree structure
Mark.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of tobacco cultivation method for improving tobacco leaf degree structure of the present invention is applied to the cultivation management of all kinds of Nicotiana tabacum L.s, respectively
It is as follows：
1st, burley tobaccos or Maryland
It is in the prosperous long-term of cigarette strain growth, that is, fine as principle with weather 35 days or so after transplanting, in advance or postpone 1 to 3
My god, when the 18th leaf of cigarette strain（Phyllotaxy is based on succession）Just occurred and it is open and flat when, select in the morning of fine day, from the 15th
Piece Nicotiana tabacum L. starts, and continuously extracts 3 Nicotiana tabacum Lves（Extract the 15th, the 16th, the 17th Nicotiana tabacum L.）, or open from the 14th Nicotiana tabacum L.
Begin, 3 Nicotiana tabacum Lves are extractd at interval（Extract the 14th, the 16th, the 18th Nicotiana tabacum L.）, production technology measures hereafter and modulation skill
Art measure is performed by current programme.
2nd, flue-cured tobacco
It is in the group phase of cigarette strain growth, that is, fine as principle with weather 28 days or so after transplanting, in advance or postpone 1 to 3
My god, i.e., when the 16th leaf of cigarette strain（Phyllotaxy is based on succession）Just occurred and it is open and flat when, select morning in fine day from the
13 Nicotiana tabacum Lves start, and continuously extract 3 Nicotiana tabacum Lves（Extract the 13rd, the 14th, the 15th Nicotiana tabacum L.）, or open from the 12nd Nicotiana tabacum L.
Begin, 3 Nicotiana tabacum Lves are extractd at interval（Extract the 12nd, the 14th, the 16th Nicotiana tabacum L.）, production technology measures hereafter and modulation skill
Art measure is performed by current programme.
Beneficial effect：1st, first by gardening prune shaping technical thought be applied in the plant type optimisation technique of cigarette strain
Come；2nd, the technical measures being related to are the early stage enforcement in cigarette strain growth, low secondary compared to directly abandoning in existing tobacco business
The way of Nicotiana tabacum L., this method can effectively reduce abandoned Nicotiana tabacum L. because of the waste of the resources such as growth institute caused fertilizer, moisture；3rd, effect
Significantly, tobacco leaf degree structure can be significantly improved using a kind of tobacco cultivation method for improving tobacco leaf degree structure of the present invention, is made
More than 5 percentage points are improved Deng cigarette rate, yield of tobacco improves more than 8%, and presentation quality is also significantly improved；4th, this technology is arranged
Simple easily grasp is applied, it is easy to utilize.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1：
Vega under burley tobaccos general planting pattern, the 35th day after transplanting, cigarette strain growth has been arrived prosperous long-term（Cigarette strain
18th leaf（Phyllotaxy is based on succession）Just occur and open and flat）, extract 3 cigarettes in the morning from the beginning of the 15th Nicotiana tabacum L., continuously
Leaf, that is, extract the 15th, the 16th, the 17th Nicotiana tabacum L., and production technology measures and modulation technique measure hereafter press current programme
Perform.Survey result after modulation shows：Compared with the not priming leaf conventional cultivation technique district of control, the test of priming leaf process is little
The good smoke rate in area improves 8.5 percentage points, and yield of tobacco improves and be also significantly improved on 18.6%, and presentation quality.
Embodiment 2：
Vega under burley tobaccos general planting pattern, the 36th day after transplanting, cigarette strain growth has been arrived prosperous long-term（Cigarette strain
18th leaf（Phyllotaxy is based on succession）Just occur and open and flat）, the morning, 3 cigarettes were extractd at interval from the beginning of the 14th Nicotiana tabacum L.
Leaf, that is, extract the 14th, the 16th, the 18th Nicotiana tabacum L., and production technology measures and modulation technique measure hereafter press current programme
Perform.Survey result after modulation shows：Compared with the not priming leaf conventional cultivation technique district of control, the test of priming leaf process is little
The good smoke rate in area improves 5.9 percentage points, and yield of tobacco improves and be also significantly improved on 10.8%, and presentation quality.
Embodiment 3：
Vega under Maryland general planting pattern, the 34th day after transplanting（Fine day）, cigarette strain growth arrived prosperous length
18th leaf of phase, i.e. cigarette strain（Phyllotaxy is based on succession）Just occurred and open and flat, the morning from the beginning of the 15th Nicotiana tabacum L., continuously
3 Nicotiana tabacum Lves are extractd, that is, extracts the 15th, the 16th, the 17th Nicotiana tabacum L., production technology measures and modulation technique measure hereafter are pressed
Current programme is performed.Survey result after modulation shows：Compared with the not priming leaf conventional cultivation technique district of control, priming leaf process
The good smoke rate of experimental plot improve 7.4 percentage points, yield of tobacco improves and also have on 13.7%, and presentation quality
Significantly improve.
Embodiment 4：
Vega under Maryland general planting pattern, the 37th day after transplanting（Fine day）, cigarette strain growth arrived prosperous length
18th leaf of phase, i.e. cigarette strain（Phyllotaxy is based on succession）Just occur and open and flat, from the beginning of the 14th Nicotiana tabacum L., be spaced in the morning
3 Nicotiana tabacum Lves are extractd, that is, extracts the 14th, the 16th, the 18th Nicotiana tabacum L., production technology measures and modulation technique measure hereafter are pressed
Current programme is performed.Survey result after modulation shows：Compared with the not priming leaf conventional cultivation technique district of control, priming leaf process
The good smoke rate of experimental plot improve 5.5 percentage points, yield of tobacco improves and also have on 11.6%, and presentation quality
Significantly improve.
Embodiment 5：
Vega under flue-cured tobacco general planting pattern, the 28th day after transplanting（Fine day）, a cigarette strain growth group of arriving phase, i.e.,
16th leaf of cigarette strain（Phyllotaxy is based on succession）Just occur and open and flat, from the beginning of the 13rd Nicotiana tabacum L., continuously extract 3 in the morning
Piece Nicotiana tabacum L., that is, extract the 13rd, the 14th, the 15th Nicotiana tabacum L., and production technology measures and modulation technique measure hereafter press existing
Scheme is performed.Survey result after modulation shows：Compared with the not priming leaf conventional cultivation technique district of control, the examination of priming leaf process
The good smoke rate for testing cell improves 6.3 percentage points, and yield of tobacco improves and also have on 10.8%, and presentation quality significantly
Improve.
Embodiment 6：
Vega under flue-cured tobacco general planting pattern, the 27th day after transplanting（Fine day）, a cigarette strain growth group of arriving phase, i.e.,
16th leaf of cigarette strain（Phyllotaxy is based on succession）Just occur and open and flat, the morning, interval extractd 3 from the beginning of the 12nd Nicotiana tabacum L.
Piece Nicotiana tabacum L., that is, extract the 12nd, the 14th, the 16th Nicotiana tabacum L., and production technology measures and modulation technique measure hereafter press existing
Scheme is performed.Survey result after modulation shows：Compared with the not priming leaf conventional cultivation technique district of control, the examination of priming leaf process
The good smoke rate for testing cell improves 5.2 percentage points, and yield of tobacco improves also to have on 8.7%, and presentation quality and significantly changes
It is kind.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of tobacco cultivation method for improving tobacco leaf degree structure, it is characterised in that in cigarette strain field growth period, extract in good time
The blade of part leaf position, its concrete operation method is as follows：
（1）For burley tobaccos or Maryland, should be in the prosperous long-term of cigarette strain growth, that is, 35 days or so after transplanting, from the 15th cigarette
Leaf starts, and continuously extracts 3 Nicotiana tabacum Lves, that is, extract the 15th, the 16th, the 17th Nicotiana tabacum L., or from the beginning of the 14th Nicotiana tabacum L., interval
3 Nicotiana tabacum Lves are extractd, that is, extracts the 14th, the 16th, the 18th Nicotiana tabacum L., production technology measures and modulation technique measure hereafter are pressed
Current programme is performed；
（2）For flue-cured tobacco, 28 days or so after transplanting, from the beginning of the 13rd Nicotiana tabacum L., should continuously pluck in the group phase of cigarette strain growth
Except 3 Nicotiana tabacum Lves, that is, the 13rd, the 14th, the 15th Nicotiana tabacum L. are extractd, or from the beginning of the 12nd Nicotiana tabacum L., 3 Nicotiana tabacum Lves are extractd at interval,
The 12nd, the 14th, the 16th Nicotiana tabacum L. are extractd, production technology measures and modulation technique measure hereafter are held by current programme
OK.
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| CN201510269220.9A CN104855105B (en) | 2015-05-25 | 2015-05-25 | Tobacco leaf cultivation method for improving tobacco leaf grade structure |
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| CN104855105B true CN104855105B (en) | 2017-04-12 |
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| CN106576828A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2017-04-26 | 中国烟草总公司广东省公司 | Water-saving planting method of tobacco plants of Guangdong tobacco 98 of flue-cured tobacco variety |
| CN109699427A (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2019-05-03 | 湖北省烟草公司宜昌市公司 | A kind of burley tobaccos implantation methods improving upper smoke ratio |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6024986A (en) * | 1999-05-24 | 2000-02-15 | Ecolab Inc. | Method of protecting growing plants from the effects of plant pathogens |
| CN104303774A (en) * | 2014-10-17 | 2015-01-28 | 湖北省烟草公司十堰市公司 | Culturing method of sun-cured tobacco |
| CN104429446A (en) * | 2014-09-29 | 2015-03-25 | 贵州省烟草公司贵阳市公司 | Flue-cured tobacco grade structure adjusting method |
| CN104429460A (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2015-03-25 | 安徽皖南烟叶有限责任公司 | Tobacco leaf culturing and harvesting method |
-
2015
- 2015-05-25 CN CN201510269220.9A patent/CN104855105B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6024986A (en) * | 1999-05-24 | 2000-02-15 | Ecolab Inc. | Method of protecting growing plants from the effects of plant pathogens |
| CN104429446A (en) * | 2014-09-29 | 2015-03-25 | 贵州省烟草公司贵阳市公司 | Flue-cured tobacco grade structure adjusting method |
| CN104303774A (en) * | 2014-10-17 | 2015-01-28 | 湖北省烟草公司十堰市公司 | Culturing method of sun-cured tobacco |
| CN104429460A (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2015-03-25 | 安徽皖南烟叶有限责任公司 | Tobacco leaf culturing and harvesting method |
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