CN104823799A - Grape root zone limiting cultivating method - Google Patents
Grape root zone limiting cultivating method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104823799A CN104823799A CN201510305399.9A CN201510305399A CN104823799A CN 104823799 A CN104823799 A CN 104823799A CN 201510305399 A CN201510305399 A CN 201510305399A CN 104823799 A CN104823799 A CN 104823799A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/02—Cultivation of hops or vines
Abstract
The invention relates to a grape root zone limiting cultivating method. The grape root zone limiting cultivating method comprises the following steps of seedling cultivation, cultivation density, root zone volume, soil management, water management, nutrition management, pruning, flower and fruit management, pest control, harvesting and pest control. According to the grape root zone limiting cultivating method, fruit coloring can be accelerated, flower buds are accelerated to be formed, the quality of the flower buds is improved, the yield of grapes can be improved, the quality of fruits can be improved, soluble solids can be obviously increased in the later fruit development stage, and the acid content of the fruits is accelerated to be reduced. The method has the advantages of being low in resource consumption, high in grape quality and high in yield, increasing agricultural efficiency and farmer benefits and the like. The limit of a traditional cultivation concept is broken through, the grapes are not limited by geography and the soil property, the grapes can be directly applied and popularized to yard greening and saline-alkali soil planting, good landscape benefits are achieved, objective economic benefits are generated, and the method has great significance in grape industry development.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to wine-growing technical field, specifically, relate to a kind of grape rhizosphere restriction cultivation method.
Background technology
Grape, belongs to the fruit of vitaceae grape, is defoliation liana, is one of the most ancient plant in the world.Grape is nutritious, grape sugar content up to 10%-30%, based on glucose.Volume tartaric acid in grape contributes to digestion, suitably eats a little grape more, can strengthening the spleen and stomach.Containing mineral calcium, potassium, phosphorus, iron and multivitamin B1, B2, B6, C and P etc. in grape, the amino acid also containing multiple needed by human body, normal food grape is of great advantage to neurasthenia, excessive fatigue.After grape is made raisins, sugar can be relative high with the content of iron, is the excellent tonic product of women, children and weak anaemia person.Grape has high sight, and people are made in various potted landscape holding chamber, the quiet and tastefully laid out uniqueness attractive in appearance of delicate fragrance; Or plant before and after room, tendril is wound around, and exquisitely carved, sweet perfumes are diffused all around, is the outstanding person beautified the environment.But the huge economic value of grape is mainly wine brewing, the grape in the whole world 80% is all for wine brewing.But along with the enhancing of people's health care consciousness, the transformation of consumption idea, increasing grape is led to fruit juice, and become the nutrition and health care fruit of delicious multiple-effect, it not only can treat various diseases, directly drinks must and also has antiviral effect.Grape is flat, the sweet acid of taste, enters lung, spleen, kidney channel; Have fill blood, liver and kidney benefiting, born fluid, strengthening the bones and muscles, cough-relieving relieving restlessness, tonifying Qi and blood, tonneau urine effect; Cure mainly the diseases such as deficient qi and blood, cough due to deficiency of the lung, palpitation and night sweat, arthralgia due to wind-dampness, stranguria, edema, also can be used for the supplemental treatment of the illnesss such as deficiency of the spleen causing weakness of QI, shortness of breath and fatigue, oedema, difficult urination.
Grape is a kind of result morning, large, the adaptable fruit tree of high yield, instant effect, income, and manage meticulous, the life-span reaches 50-60.Monthlyly there is fresh fruit supply in July to 9, and grape is delicious fragrant and sweet, has medicinal and effect that is beauty treatment.There is grape to be fond of eating from ancient times, set difficult to govern saying.Tradition planting technology emphasizes that big tree with deep roots well established and vigorously developingly needs deep tillage area, and apply fertilizer, the easy like this Growth status that causes is excessively prosperous, is difficult to into colored more, and fruit drop is serious, and the problem such as yield poorly.Reason is due to after big tree with deep roots, and main location of root is difficult to confirm, increase the blindness executing liquid manure, also can suppress the accumulation of fruit color and sugared part, and cause the generation of dehiscent fruit, economic benefit is undesirable.Therefore, need to change traditional planting technology.Develop a kind of new grape planting process tool to be of great significance.
Summary of the invention
The technology that the present invention will solve is for deficiency of the prior art, and provide a kind of consumption of natural resource few, grape quality is high, the implantation methods that output is high, is specifically related to a kind of grape rhizosphere restriction cultivation method.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of grape rhizosphere restriction cultivation method, comprises the following steps:
(1) cultivating seedlings: transplanted seedling tree is banketed in the plastic sack of earth and organic mixture in interior, monthly uses the composite fertilizer 20 ~ 30 grams of nitrogenous 15 ~ 20% during 4 ~ August, timely Limit irrigation.Stay 1 young sprout growth after rudiment, each joint sublateral shoot stays 1 leaf pinching, late August leading shoot pinching;
(2) planting density: adopt trunk frame shape, its line-spacing is 1.5 ~ 2.0 meters, spacing in the rows 3 ~ 5 meters;
(3) root zone volume: adopt hole, ridge combined type, the hole degree of depth is 20 ~ 30cm, ridge is high is 20 ~ 30cm, a part for rhizosphere is placed in hole, another part adopts the mode on ridge to be placed on the ground, adopt thick non-woven fabrics or thick covering plastic thin film at below ground part wall, the thick non-woven fabrics of bottom place mat, is beneficial to permeable;
(4) soil management: apply fertilizer, improves rhizosphere soil organic matter content 20 ~ 40%, controls nitrogen content between 2.0 ~ 4.0%;
(5) water management: irrigation quantity is advisable with moistening rhizosphere soil;
(6) Nutrition Management: the nutrition liquid measure that before the stone phase, the root zone volume of every cubic metre waters is 50 ~ 60L, the nutrient solution concentration 15 ~ 20ppm of stone after date pouring, waters weekly 2 ~ 3 times;
(7) pruning: after summer, rudiment was branched out, 1 healthy and strong young sprout of selecting and remain is sprouted, and does not stay two climing, goes weakly to stay strong, goes directly to stay flat, goes the climing result of staying of growth climing;
(8) flower and fruit management: healthy and strong fruit bearing shoot stays 1 ~ 2 fringe fruit, golden mean of the Confucian school branch only stays 1 fringe fruit, and weak branch does not stay fringe fruit;
(9) extermination of disease and insect pest: before rudiment, young sprout exhibition Ye Houzhi bloom before, after flowering stage to fallen flowers, fruit grain expand the initial stage, fruit grain expand the middle and later periods carry out respectively spray medicine prevent and treat;
(10) gather: in time growing fruit, extract tender point and tender leaf, and entangle fruit with paper bag in 15 ~ 20 days after bearing fruit, within 1 ~ 2 week before harvesting, take off paper bag and carry out fruit harvesting;
(11) extermination of disease and insect pest: 1:0.8:200 times of bordeaux mixture or 25% metalaxyl or 68.75% Du Pont can be sprayed easily protect 1000 ~ 1500 times, to prevent and treat downy mildew after gathering.
Grape rhizosphere of the present invention is adopted to limit cultivation method, its beneficial effect is: can promote fruit color, promote the formation of bud, improve the quality of bud, vintage can be improved, improve the quality of fruit, significantly can increase soluble solid in the fruit development later stage, and accelerate the decline of fruit acid content.There is consumption of natural resource few, grape quality is high, output is high, the advantage such as growth of agricultural efficiency and increasing peasant income, break through the restriction of traditional cultivation idea, and not by restriction that is geographical and soil property, courtyard greening and saline land plantation directly can be promoted the use of, both played good Landscape benefit, produce again objective economic benefit, significant to the development of grape industry.
Embodiment
In order to the explanation of more confiscating enforcement of the present invention, now provide two embodiments of a kind of grape rhizosphere restriction cultivation method of the present invention, example is only for explaining the present invention, and the present invention is further elaborated, instead of limit scope of the present invention.
Embodiment one:
A kind of grape rhizosphere restriction cultivation method, comprises the following steps:
(1) cultivating seedlings: transplanted seedling tree is banketed in the plastic sack of earth and organic mixture in interior, monthly uses the composite fertilizer 30 grams of nitrogenous 15% during 4 ~ August, timely Limit irrigation.Stay 1 young sprout growth after rudiment, each joint sublateral shoot stays 1 leaf pinching, late August leading shoot pinching;
(2) planting density: adopt trunk frame shape, its line-spacing is 1.8 meters, spacing in the rows 3 meters;
(3) root zone volume: adopt hole, ridge combined type, the hole degree of depth is 30cm, ridge height is 25cm, a part for rhizosphere is placed in hole, another part adopts the mode on ridge to be placed on the ground, adopt thick non-woven fabrics or thick covering plastic thin film at below ground part wall, the thick non-woven fabrics of bottom place mat, is beneficial to permeable;
(4) soil management: apply fertilizer, improves rhizosphere soil organic matter content 30%, controls nitrogen content 4.0%;
(5) water management: irrigation quantity is advisable with moistening rhizosphere soil;
(6) Nutrition Management: the nutrition liquid measure that before the stone phase, the root zone volume of every cubic metre waters is 50L, the nutrient solution concentration 20ppm of stone after date pouring, waters 2 times weekly;
(7) pruning: after summer, rudiment was branched out, 1 healthy and strong young sprout of selecting and remain is sprouted, and does not stay two climing, goes weakly to stay strong, goes directly to stay flat, goes the climing result of staying of growth climing;
(8) flower and fruit management: healthy and strong fruit bearing shoot stays 1 ~ 2 fringe fruit, golden mean of the Confucian school branch only stays 1 fringe fruit, and weak branch does not stay fringe fruit;
(9) extermination of disease and insect pest: before rudiment, young sprout exhibition Ye Houzhi bloom before, after flowering stage to fallen flowers, fruit grain expand the initial stage, fruit grain expand the middle and later periods carry out respectively spray medicine prevent and treat;
(10) gather: in time growing fruit, extract tender point and tender leaf, and entangle fruit with paper bag in 20 days after bearing fruit, before harvesting, in 2 weeks, take off paper bag carry out fruit harvesting;
(11) extermination of disease and insect pest: spray 1:0.8:200 times of bordeaux mixture after gathering, to prevent and treat downy mildew.
Embodiment two:
A kind of grape rhizosphere restriction cultivation method, comprises the following steps:
(1) cultivating seedlings: transplanted seedling tree is banketed in the plastic sack of earth and organic mixture in interior, monthly uses the composite fertilizer 30 grams of nitrogenous 20% during 4 ~ August, timely Limit irrigation.Stay 1 young sprout growth after rudiment, each joint sublateral shoot stays 1 leaf pinching, late August leading shoot pinching;
(2) planting density: adopt trunk frame shape, its line-spacing is 2 meters, spacing in the rows 4 meters;
(3) root zone volume: adopt hole, ridge combined type, the hole degree of depth is 20cm, ridge height is 30cm, a part for rhizosphere is placed in hole, another part adopts the mode on ridge to be placed on the ground, adopt thick non-woven fabrics or thick covering plastic thin film at below ground part wall, the thick non-woven fabrics of bottom place mat, is beneficial to permeable;
(4) soil management: apply fertilizer, improves rhizosphere soil organic matter content 40%, controls nitrogen content 2.0%;
(5) water management: irrigation quantity is advisable with moistening rhizosphere soil;
(6) Nutrition Management: the nutrition liquid measure that before the stone phase, the root zone volume of every cubic metre waters is 60L, the nutrient solution concentration 15ppm of stone after date pouring, waters 3 times weekly;
(7) pruning: after summer, rudiment was branched out, 1 healthy and strong young sprout of selecting and remain is sprouted, and does not stay two climing, goes weakly to stay strong, goes directly to stay flat, goes the climing result of staying of growth climing;
(8) flower and fruit management: healthy and strong fruit bearing shoot stays 1 ~ 2 fringe fruit, golden mean of the Confucian school branch only stays 1 fringe fruit, and weak branch does not stay fringe fruit;
(9) extermination of disease and insect pest: before rudiment, young sprout exhibition Ye Houzhi bloom before, after flowering stage to fallen flowers, fruit grain expand the initial stage, fruit grain expand the middle and later periods carry out respectively spray medicine prevent and treat;
(10) gather: in time growing fruit, extract tender point and tender leaf, and entangle fruit with paper bag in 15 days after bearing fruit, before harvesting, in 2 weeks, take off paper bag carry out fruit harvesting;
(11) extermination of disease and insect pest: spray 25% metalaxyl after gathering, to prevent and treat downy mildew.
By test, the result of the test of root-zone limitation type culture method and other implantation methods is adopted to be shown in Table 1:
Growing state under the different cultivation condition of table 1 grape
Can know from table 1, adopt root-zone limitation type culture method, the grape growth performance golden mean of the Confucian school, flower bud differentiation is tending towards normal, and disease occurs substantially to be controlled, and shows under fruit marketability and high quality fruit rate are significantly higher than other cultivation condition.
The above embodiment only have expressed the specific embodiment of the present invention, and it describes comparatively concrete and detailed, but therefore can not be interpreted as the restriction to the scope of the claims of the present invention.It should be pointed out that for the person of ordinary skill of the art, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some distortion and improvement, these all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. a grape rhizosphere restriction cultivation method, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) cultivating seedlings: transplanted seedling tree is banketed in the plastic sack of earth and organic mixture in interior, monthly uses the composite fertilizer 20 ~ 30 grams of nitrogenous 15 ~ 20% during 4 ~ August, timely Limit irrigation;
Stay 1 young sprout growth after rudiment, each joint sublateral shoot stays 1 leaf pinching, late August leading shoot pinching;
(2) planting density: adopt trunk frame shape, its line-spacing is 1.5 ~ 2.0 meters, spacing in the rows 3 ~ 5 meters;
(3) root zone volume: adopt hole, ridge combined type, the hole degree of depth is 20 ~ 30cm, ridge is high is 20 ~ 30cm, a part for rhizosphere is placed in hole, another part adopts the mode on ridge to be placed on the ground, adopt thick non-woven fabrics or thick covering plastic thin film at below ground part wall, the thick non-woven fabrics of bottom place mat, is beneficial to permeable;
(4) soil management: apply fertilizer, improves rhizosphere soil organic matter content 20 ~ 40%, controls nitrogen content between 2.0 ~ 4.0%;
(5) water management: irrigation quantity is advisable with moistening rhizosphere soil;
(6) Nutrition Management: the nutrition liquid measure that before the stone phase, the root zone volume of every cubic metre waters is 50 ~ 60L, the nutrient solution concentration 15 ~ 20ppm of stone after date pouring, waters weekly 2 ~ 3 times;
(7) pruning: after summer, rudiment was branched out, 1 healthy and strong young sprout of selecting and remain is sprouted, and does not stay two climing, goes weakly to stay strong, goes directly to stay flat, goes the climing result of staying of growth climing;
(8) flower and fruit management: healthy and strong fruit bearing shoot stays 1 ~ 2 fringe fruit, golden mean of the Confucian school branch only stays 1 fringe fruit, and weak branch does not stay fringe fruit;
(9) extermination of disease and insect pest: before rudiment, young sprout exhibition Ye Houzhi bloom before, after flowering stage to fallen flowers, fruit grain expand the initial stage, fruit grain expand the middle and later periods carry out respectively spray medicine prevent and treat;
(10) gather: in time growing fruit, extract tender point and tender leaf, and entangle fruit with paper bag in 15 ~ 20 days after bearing fruit, within 1 ~ 2 week before harvesting, take off paper bag and carry out fruit harvesting;
(11) extermination of disease and insect pest: 1:0.8:200 times of bordeaux mixture or 25% metalaxyl or 68.75% Du Pont can be sprayed easily protect 1000 ~ 1500 times, to prevent and treat downy mildew after gathering.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106613716A (en) * | 2016-11-14 | 2017-05-10 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Ecological improving method of saline-alkali soil vine crown artificial community |
| CN107432225A (en) * | 2017-06-21 | 2017-12-05 | 浙江大学 | One seed pod mulberry form culture method |
| CN107624491A (en) * | 2017-10-18 | 2018-01-26 | 凤台县年丰农业发展有限责任公司 | A kind of hole formula grape root system limits cultural method |
| CN111328623A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-06-26 | 福建省农业科学院果树研究所 | Vine-sinking type trellis grape vine cultivation method |
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| CN102349430A (en) * | 2011-08-01 | 2012-02-15 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | Method for breeding seedlings of grapes by using containers |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106613716A (en) * | 2016-11-14 | 2017-05-10 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Ecological improving method of saline-alkali soil vine crown artificial community |
| CN107432225A (en) * | 2017-06-21 | 2017-12-05 | 浙江大学 | One seed pod mulberry form culture method |
| CN107624491A (en) * | 2017-10-18 | 2018-01-26 | 凤台县年丰农业发展有限责任公司 | A kind of hole formula grape root system limits cultural method |
| CN111328623A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-06-26 | 福建省农业科学院果树研究所 | Vine-sinking type trellis grape vine cultivation method |
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Application publication date: 20150812 |
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