CN104823675B - Production method for pure turf without culture substrate - Google Patents
Production method for pure turf without culture substrate Download PDFInfo
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- CN104823675B CN104823675B CN201510255627.6A CN201510255627A CN104823675B CN 104823675 B CN104823675 B CN 104823675B CN 201510255627 A CN201510255627 A CN 201510255627A CN 104823675 B CN104823675 B CN 104823675B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G20/00—Cultivation of turf, lawn or the like; Apparatus or methods therefor
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Abstract
The invention relates to a production method for pure turf without culture substrate. Soil after being rolled and compacted is used, and gaps between soil particles are eliminated, so that the root system of the turf cannot prick into the soil and can only adhere to the surface layer of the compacted soil to grow, enough water and wettability degree can be kept, and enough medium-weight and micro-element nutrition particles can be provided for the growth of the turf by irrigating the compacted soil. In the production management, the high-quality turf still can be produced quickly only by providing enough macro-element nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium. The firm turf layer is formed by staggered growth of stolon, root stock and the root system, the forming turf only adheres to the surface of the compacted soil to grow instead of pricking into the soil to grow, the turf can be cut into different sizes as needed, the turf can be torn down from the soil manually, and the turf can be rolled to a turf roll or be folded into a turf block to be sold.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of technology of plant planting field, specifically a kind of production without the pure turf of cultivation matrix
Method.
Background technology
Turf is a kind of transplanting commodity for turf establishment, and referring to is used for the in bulk lawn of sale after shoveling out.Turf by
The root system and its incidental soil of the stem and leaf and under ground portion of lawn plant ground or substrate are constituted.Turf can be applied in greening
Directly sod in work and lawn is formed in ground, have the advantages that turf speed is fast, it is simple to construct.Method lawn planting institute is sodded directly
The turf amount for needing is big, required turf area with build up after lawn area it is almost equal, and the work of the general afforestation project of China
When it is all very tight, be substantially all the effect for needing to reach lawn Cheng Ping in a short period of time, therefore, China's major part greening lawn
Engineering all employs turf and directly sods method, and this needs very large-scale sod production meet the market need of urban afforestation
Ask.
It is China's sod production mode the most universal using the common agricultural farms soil of city suburbs, due to agricultural land soil fertilizer
Power is balanced, soil aggregate is good, WGR is relatively coordinated, and is conducive to the fast-growth and Cheng Ping of lawn plant, therefore turf
Production efficiency is higher.However, each turf sale is required for shoveling away the topsoil of 1.0～2.0 cm thicks, this predation formula
The topsoil of ripening is necessarily constantly taken away by the result of sod production, and the topsoil in general farmland also only has
20～30 centimetres of thickness, the turf of continuous more than 10 times harvest and substantially just all shovel by whole arable layer vegetable soil
, and the gradually barren of agricultural land soil can be caused, destroy the agricultural land soil resource of China.
In order to avoid destruction of the sod production to agricultural land soil, Liu Yaqiong etc. invented a kind of non-earth greensward cultivation ground mass and
Its manufacture method (CN201210314415), using agricultural wastes rice husk, wood flour, mushroom slag etc. through certain operation, by than
Example prepares the substrate for becoming turf grass growth；Chen Shanxiang etc. then has using agriculturals such as old chaff ash, wood sawdust, animal wastes, humic acidss
Machine garbage is used as growth substrate to produce roll of sod (CN201010131327)；Han Liebao etc. then utilizes city compost
With sand as cultivation matrix producing without native turf (CN200810104128)；Although these methods are producing without native turf not
Destruction can be produced to agricultural land soil, but turf products can carry thicker organic culture substrate, when in afforestation project middle berth grass planting
Pi Hou, this layer of organic culture substrate can bring more serious negative effect to the normal growth on lawn with maintenance：1) turf itself
The organic culture substrate for carrying exceeds well over the normal soil in general afforestation project in the confinement capabilities of moisture and nutrient, causes
The new root that lawn growth goes out is easier in the organic culture substrate for rest on surface, rather than growth downwards forms depth and stalwartness
Root system, reduces the anti-adversity ability on lawn；2) to become lawn pathogen and subterranean pest-insect in the future numerous for the organic layer that turf is carried
The hotbed grown, and cause pest and disease damage occurred frequently.
In order to avoid the organic culture substrate in sod production is negatively affected to the Lawn management after planting, closely
Over year, many sod productions are substantially all the method cultivated using sand flat, i.e., the agricultural land soil overlying after smooth covers thick
One layer is husky, and sod production is directly carried out on the sand flat for covering, so every time a turf for going out only to take away relatively thin one layer husky,
Without taking away the agricultural land soil of lower floor.However, the water conservation of sand bed, fertilizer-preserving ability extreme difference, need in a large number and frequently apply fertilizer, fill
The demand that could meet turf rapid article metaplasia product is irrigate, in addition, weighing very much with husky turf, turf can be substantially increased
The cost of transport, and the sand that agricultural land soil is spread also can also bring along irreversible impact to the fertility of soil and structure.
After turf is sodded on soil in turf establishment, as long as keeping certain humidity, its stolon or rhizomatic
All there is the ability for regenerating adventitious root on each section, it is possible in penetrating downwards soil, form new root system, with i.e. paving be
The effect of Cheng Ping, is a kind of Building surface widely adopted in China's lawn greening engineering.But, the turf of prior art is being given birth to
One layer of cultivation matrix can be all carried when producing and selling, and the subsidiary cultivation matrix of turf (mud, organic substrate, sand etc.) is sodded with needs
The engineering soil on lawn can all have obvious difference on particle diameter, structure and attribute, and this layer of different cultivation matrix can be to grass
Healthy growth after the planting of level ground and maintenance in the future bring many negative impacts, need to adopt and frequently cut root, dredge grass, punching
The organic connections of lower soil root system and aerial partss can be just got through etc. many measures, after making the nutrient after fertilising and irrigating
Moisture smoothly can penetrate in root soil, and absorbed by root system.Therefore, optimal turf should be without
Any growth substrate, the pure turf being only made up of lawn stem and leaf and root system.Old equality (CN200710030827) is in order to obtain
The non-substrate grass blanket of No. 1 creeping bentgrass is selected, is needed to be cultivated with secondary grass planting and could be realized, i.e.,：Need first to make to crawl on sand flat
Crawl bent grass grows to complete Cheng Ping, after shoveling out turf, then cultivates on cement flooring or thin film, removes the husky base that root is carried
Matter simultaneously could obtain the careless blanket for not having substrate after growing new root system.This method is excessively complicated, requires higher, nothing to breeding condition
Method is applied in large-area sod production.
The content of the invention
The present invention is directed to deficiencies of the prior art, proposes a kind of production method without the pure turf of cultivation matrix,
The pure turf without any cultivation matrix, being only made up of lawn stem and leaf and root system can be obtained, not only eliminates what turf was carried
Cultivation matrix mitigates the weight of turf, reduces the fortune of turf with the uncoordinated negative effect for causing of construction soil, amplitude peak ground
Defeated cost, nor soil resource can be adversely affected, to recover farmland planting, it is only necessary to turn over after loosening the soil i.e. again
Can plant and respectively be a farmer.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions：
The present invention by the level ground bed of compaction treatment, by grass blade, seed or or single-strain planting in level ground bed, Jing is irrigated
Moisturizing and apply fertilizer promotion its growth, after turf Cheng Ping, turf is torn off into results from the bed of level ground.
Farmland that described level ground bed adopts but is not limited to possess iirigation water source etc..
Described compaction treatment is referred to：
1) treating planting soil with rotary cultivator carries out rotary tillage；
2) soil is struck off with evener；
3) soil is rolled repeatedly with the roller press of weight >=1 ton；
Repeat 1)～3) step, pressure firmness >=85% of the Soil of Lawn Seed bed after compaction treatment, flatness error≤10mm.This
The level ground bed rolling of invention is entirely different with conventional farmland planting, and the soil pressure firmness that conventional farmland (or turf) is planted is equal≤
60%, need more than 40～50% soil porosity to be used as growth and the breathing space of root system of plant.The level ground bed of the present invention
Pressure firmness >=85% of soil, has basically reached the requirement of general subgrade, only so the Soil of Lawn Seed bed of consolidation, can just make turf
Root system cannot be penetrated in soil, can only be sticked to top layer and be grown, and the turf after Cheng Ping can easily from upper soll layer
Peel off, obtain only interlaced by stolon, root stock or root system and be knitted to form firm high-quality turf.
Described plantation, adopts but is not limited to spread plant seeding method or the plantation of plant division cave hydroponics, wherein：Spreading plant seeding method is
Refer to：The propagating materialss (grass blade or seed) on required lawn are uniformly sprinkling upon into level ground Chuan Chuan surfaces, while grass blade or seed is spread, side rolling
Machine is rolled, and grass blade or seed is press-fitted and is pressing solid level ground bed surface；Plant division cave hydroponics is referred to：By the grass blade on required lawn or
Individual plant insertion plant is in Soil of Lawn Seed bed.
Described irrigation moisturizing is referred to：It is after completing plantation, wet by irrigating holding level ground bed in whole turf maintenance processes
Profit, after irrigating every time, level ground bed surface area water thickness≤5mm.
Described fertilising adopts but is not limited to apply levels of nitrogen, phosphorus, the compound fertilizer of potassium.
Described fertilising, once every 2 weeks, each dose is controlled in 2gN/m2, specifically can be according to the speed of growth of turf
Speed is appropriately adjusted.
Described turf tears off results, after turf grass growth Cheng Ping (i.e. turf coverage reaches more than 90%), can basis
The actual demand of turf size, available artificial or bead cutter first turf is cut into needed for size, then by hand or flat mouth shovel will
Turf is torn off from upper soll layer, is rolled into roll of sod or is built up divot and is transported and sold.Because the resistance of stem and leaf is better than root system,
When roll of sod or folded divot is rolled up, root system should be placed on inside, stem and leaf is exposed.
Technique effect
Compared with prior art, present invention remarkable result compared with prior art includes：
1) as Soil of Lawn Seed bed rolls consolidation completely, turf root system is not to penetrate growth in soil, but sticks to soil
Top layer grows, therefore the turf harvested after Cheng Ping is the pure turf without any cultivation matrix.Not only avoid sod culture base
The negative effect that matter is brought to maintenance management in the future, and turf is very light, has saved cost of transportation to greatest extent.
2) can be according to using needs, turf arbitrarily cut into size, be rolled into roll of sod, or build up divot.
3) turf is harvested and does not need the machineries such as stubble plough, is torn using artificial hand or flat blade shovel can easily by turf
Strip down from Soil of Lawn Seed bed.
4) sod production will not produce any destruction to agricultural land soil, need to only turn over after loosening the soil, you can recover farmland planting.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the cross-sectional view without the pure sod production method of cultivation matrix of the invention.
In figure：The stem and leaf on 1 turf top layer, the 2 interlaced turf stolons for being grown in compacted soil surface, root stock and
The soil horizon that consolidation is rolled in root system, 3.
Fig. 2 is embodiment effect diagram.
In figure：The interlaced growth of stolon of 4 turfs, the root stock of 5 turfs, 6 turf root systems adhesion some soil,
The greenery on 7 turf top layers.
Specific embodiment
Below embodiments of the invention are elaborated, the present embodiment is carried out under premised on technical solution of the present invention
Implement, give detailed embodiment and specific operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following enforcements
Example.
Embodiment 1
The production method of the pure turf in hybridization Bermuda：
Sod production base is the farmland of original rice cultivation, by 2 repetition rotary tillages, is struck off and rolling operation, level ground bed
The pressure firmness of soil has reached 87%, and 8mm or so is arrived in flatness error control.Trench digging discharges water and irrigates 24 hours, and level ground bed is complete
After suctioning moisture, drain the hydrops on top layer.
The stolon of hybridization Bermuda (kind is TIFDWARF) is cut into into the grass blade of 3～5cm length, is sprinkling upon by hand and is compacted
Flatten and suction on the Soil of Lawn Seed bed of moisture, the plant amount of spreading of every square metre of grass blade is about 0.5kg, and it is uniform that grass blade spreads plant as far as possible.
Grass blade is press-fitted in the soil on level ground bed surface with road roller after spreading grass planting stem immediately.
After the completion of grass blade plantation, the irrigation that discharges water of ditching immediately keeps Soil of Lawn Seed bed moistening, top layer hydrops THICKNESS CONTROL to exist
Below 3mm, the bud after planting 6 days on grass blade have grown 1 young leaves, and expose new root；10,25,40,55 days after plantation
Ge Shi compound fertilizer 1 time, compound fertilizer's nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content are 15%, and each compound fertilizer's amount of application is 15 grams；45 days after plantation,
Turf coverage rate has reached 90%, and with grass mower JIANCAO 1 time, cutting-height is set as 25mm；60 days after plantation, turf is complete
Cheng Ping.
As Soil of Lawn Seed bed is rolled solid, in soil, there is no that any space can allow the root system of turf downward
Insertion growth, the root system great majority of turf can only be grown in the surface of level ground bed, i.e.,：The stem and leaf and root system of turf is all grown in level ground bed
Surface, rather than be grown in the bed of level ground.Therefore, turf and level ground bed are substantially the growth relationship of contact, are only needed artificial
Tear, turf can be split away off from the bed of level ground.
A length of 1000mm, a width of 330mm rectangles grid will be cut into into level ground turf with bead cutter, by hand promptly turf one
Turf is firmly torn from soil, turf is rolled into the outside little roll of sod of stem and leaf one by one, you can as turf commodity by end
Sold.
It is transported to after lawn sods job site, turf is directly sodded on the soil of leveling, after sodding on turf
The thick soil of one layer of 5mm being covered again, being watered, is rolled, turf is in close contact with soil, after 5 days, turf is grown in soil newly
Root system, survive completely.
Embodiment 2
The production method of the pure turf of eremochloa ophiuroides：
The farmland of original rice cultivation is selected, by 2 repetition rotary tillages, is struck off and rolling operation, the pressure of Soil of Lawn Seed bed is hard
Degree has reached 90%, and 8mm or so is arrived in flatness error control.Trench digging discharges water and irrigates 24 hours, after level ground bed suctions moisture completely,
Drain the hydrops on top layer.
The stolon of eremochloa ophiuroides (kind is the common people) is cut into into the grass blade of 5～10cm length, more than each grass blade 3 bud of band；
Manual that grass blade hole pressing is transplanted in the Soil of Lawn Seed bed for having suctioned moisture, more than the 50% of grass blade places into the soil, portion of basseting
Divide；Planting hole is away from control in 15～20cm.
After the completion of grass blade plant, trench digging discharges water immediately, keeps Soil of Lawn Seed bed moistening, and top layer hydrops THICKNESS CONTROL is left in 8mm
The right side, the bud after planting 7 days on grass blade have grown 1 young leaves, and expose new root；Respectively apply within 15,30,45,60 days after plantation
Compound fertilizer 1 time, compound fertilizer's nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content are 15%, and each compound fertilizer's amount of application is 15 grams；50 days after plantation, turf
Coverage rate has reached 90%, and with grass mower JIANCAO 1 time, cutting-height is set as 50mm；65 days after plantation, turf completely into
Level ground.
A length of 1500mm, a width of 1000mm rectangles grid will be cut into into level ground turf with bead cutter, with sharp flat mouth
Knife shovel gently shovels out turf, turf is built up the outside divot of stem and leaf one by one, you can sold as turf commodity.
It is transported to after lawn sods job site, turf is directly sodded on the soil of leveling, after sodding on turf
The thick soil of one layer of 8mm being covered again, being watered, is rolled, turf is in close contact with soil, after 6 days, turf is grown in soil newly
Root system, survive completely.
Embodiment 3
The production method of the pure turf of English grass：
More smooth farmland is selected, and soil moisture content is irrigated in the range of 15～20%, by 2 repetition rotary tillages, is scraped
Gentle rolling operation, the pressure firmness of Soil of Lawn Seed bed reach 85%, and 8mm or so is arrived in flatness error control.Trench digging discharges water 24 hours,
After level ground bed suctions moisture completely, drain the hydrops on top layer.
The seed of English grass is uniformly sowed on the Soil of Lawn Seed bed for being compacted flatten and suction moisture with seeder,
Per square metre of sowing quantity is 20 grams, after planting seed is press-fitted in the soil on level ground bed surface with road roller immediately.
After the completion of sowing, the irrigation that discharges water of ditching immediately keeps Soil of Lawn Seed bed moistening, and top layer hydrops THICKNESS CONTROL is left in 2mm
The right side, after planting 20 days, seed starts germination, grows new root and young leaves；25,40,60, the 75 Tian Geshi compound fertilizer 1 after plantation
Secondary, compound fertilizer's nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content are 15%, and each compound fertilizer's amount of application is 15 grams；70 days after plantation, turf coverage rate
95% is reached, with grass mower JIANCAO 1 time, cutting-height is set as 50mm；75 days after plantation, turf Cheng Ping completely.
A length of 1000mm, a width of 330mm rectangles grid will be cut into into level ground turf with bead cutter, with sharp flat blade
Shovel gently shovels out turf, turf is rolled into the outside little roll of sod of stem and leaf one by one, you can sold as turf commodity.
It is transported to after lawn sods job site, turf is directly sodded on the soil of leveling, after sodding on turf
The thick soil of one layer of 5mm being covered again, being watered, is rolled, turf is in close contact with soil, after 5 days, turf is grown in soil newly
Root system, survive completely.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of production method without the pure turf of cultivation matrix, it is characterised in that by through compaction treatment and press firmness >=
85%th, on the level ground bed of flatness error≤10mm, by grass blade, seed or single-strain planting in level ground bed, Jing irrigates moisturizing rush of applying fertilizer
Enter its growth, after turf Cheng Ping, turf is torn off into results from the bed of level ground；
Described turf is hybridization Bermuda, eremochloa ophiuroides, English grass or its combination；
Described compaction treatment is referred to：
1) treating planting soil with rotary cultivator carries out rotary tillage；
2) soil is struck off with evener；
3) soil is rolled with the roller press of weight >=1 ton；
Repeat 1)～3) step, be met the Soil of Lawn Seed bed of pressure firmness and flatness error requirements；
Described plantation, plants seeding method or the plantation of plant division cave hydroponics using spreading；
Described irrigation moisturizing is referred to：After completing plantation, by irrigating holding level ground bed moistening in whole turf maintenance processes, often
After secondary irrigation, level ground bed surface area water thickness≤5mm.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described tears off results, after turf grass growth Cheng Ping, according to making
With needs, any size needed for be cut into by turf, then by hand or flat mouth shovel by turf from soil table
Layer tears off, and turf is rolled into roll of sod or divot is built up.
3. method according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, when roll of sod or folded divot is rolled up, root system is placed on interior
Portion, stem and leaf is exposed.
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110495354A (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2019-11-26 | 常德市西湖区三江园林建设有限公司 | It is a kind of to be used to afforest and the good grass seed of soil-water protection and its maternal inoculation method |
| CN110651700A (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2020-01-07 | 常德市西湖区三江园林建设有限公司 | Method for soilless culture and transplantation of excellent grass blanket |
| CN110622784A (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2019-12-31 | 常德市西湖区三江园林建设有限公司 | Factory production method of grass blanket for greening and water and soil protection |
| CN111727820A (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2020-10-02 | 江苏宁句草业有限公司 | Lawn laying and maintaining method |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| GB2405569B (en) * | 2003-09-03 | 2007-03-07 | Lindum Seeded Turf Ltd | Turf product |
| CN101347080B (en) * | 2007-10-12 | 2010-09-08 | 仲恺农业技术学院 | Method for planting novel non-substrate grass blanket |
| CN101347073B (en) * | 2007-12-28 | 2011-04-27 | 陈平 | Greening lawn with decorated flower and method for establishing light lawn with decorated flowers on roof |
| CN102388793A (en) * | 2011-07-29 | 2012-03-28 | 赵国平 | Soilless large-scale lawn production method |
| CN103688826A (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2014-04-02 | 重庆市南川区南双科技有限公司 | Soilless breeding method for rice seedling |
| CN104429422A (en) * | 2013-09-14 | 2015-03-25 | 庄芳 | Cynodon dactylon planting method |
| CN103875417B (en) * | 2014-03-26 | 2016-05-11 | 董仲生 | The method on a kind of highly dense solidity ground is no-tillage evergreen resistance to trample of dibbling four seasons lawn |
| CN104164883B (en) * | 2014-07-11 | 2015-10-07 | 浙江大学 | A kind of loose unsaturated soil side slope superficial again compacting in conjunction with vegetative coverage means of defence |
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