CN104798702A - Cultivation method of ampullaria gigas - Google Patents

Cultivation method of ampullaria gigas Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104798702A
CN104798702A CN201510158415.6A CN201510158415A CN104798702A CN 104798702 A CN104798702 A CN 104798702A CN 201510158415 A CN201510158415 A CN 201510158415A CN 104798702 A CN104798702 A CN 104798702A
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pomacea canaliculata
water
cultivation
spiral shell
cultural method
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Inventor
许巧情
杨志强
夏理海
杨小林
苏应兵
王春
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Yangtze University
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Yangtze University
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

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Abstract

The invention discloses a cultivation method of ampullaria gigas comprising the following steps: (1) preparing facilities, including selecting a cement pool having a length of 3.4-3.6m, a width of 3.2-3.4m, and a height of 0.6-0.8m, for cultivation in a slowly circulating running water; (2) cultivating ampullaria gigas seeding, with a cultivation density of 40-50 individuals in each cement pool for the parent ampullaria gigas, and 200-600 individuals in each cement pool for the young ampullaria gigas; planting aquatic plants in the cement pool; feeding with greenfeed in association with concentrated feed, with the cultivation water depth of 0.1-0.2m; intensively incubating eggs laid by the parent ampullaria gigas, with the direct sunlight being prevented; (3) cultivation management, including observing the eating conditions of the ampullaria gigas and the uneaten feed conditions, timely removing the uneaten feed, and detecting the existence of predator to the eggs of the ampullaria gigas. By using this method, greenhouse is not required in areas such as Hubei where the annual average temperature is only about 15 degrees centigrade, accordingly improving the adaptability of the ampullaria gigas to the regional environment having lower average temperature as much as possible, thereby increasing the individual weight and the growth speed, and accordingly increasing the culture benefit.

Description

Pomacea canaliculata cultural method
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of aquaculture, particularly a kind of Pomacea canaliculata cultural method.
Background technology
Pomacea canaliculata has another name called apple spiral shell or large apple spiral shell, and originating in South America Amazon River, is a kind of excellent freshwater aquiculture shellfish.Pomacea canaliculata vitality is strong, seldom ill; Wide adaptability, easily raises; Feeding habits are extensive, and wheat bran, beancake powder and fresh and tender land and water sward class, all can be used as the bait of Pomacea canaliculata; Rapidly, output is high, and the cycle is short, and under good rearing conditions, young spiral shell was raised through half a year, and individuality can reach 200g, and general per mu yield can reach 2000 ~ 3000kg in growth; Fertility is strong, and the young spiral shell after hatching, raises and just can lay eggs for 4 months, and when water temperature is suitable for, every 15 ~ 30d is laid eggs once, lays eggs 100 ~ 200 at every turn, hatches young spiral shell after ovum 10 ~ 40d in postpartum.But Pomacea canaliculata optimum growth temperature is 24 ~ 30 DEG C, less than 12 DEG C hypoergia; Substantially stop action during water temperature 8 DEG C, enter hibernation; Can be freezed to death for less than 6 DEG C.Guangdong, Guangxi on the south the Changjiang river, annual mean temperature, all more than 26 DEG C, be applicable to very much the cultivation of Pomacea canaliculata, and its cultural technique is more ripe, also emerges the upsurge of cultivation Pomacea canaliculata in recent years in Hubei province.
But Hubei province average temperature of the whole year is low only about 15 DEG C, be not suitable for the cultivation of Pomacea canaliculata, the cultivation of Pomacea canaliculata is carried out in the warm canopy of local many employings, to cultivation equipment and environmental requirement high, aquaculture cost is high, if do not cultivate in warm canopy, then the Pomacea canaliculata individuality obtained is little, growth rate slow, also has difficulty of surviving the winter and cause the situation of Pomacea canaliculata mortality to occur when temperature is low.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the invention provides a kind of without the need to warm canopy, and the Pomacea canaliculata of cultivation is individual greatly, the Pomacea canaliculata cultural method of fast growth.
A kind of Pomacea canaliculata cultural method, its step comprises:
(1) facility prepares: select specification to be long 3.4 ~ 3.6m, wide 3.2 ~ 3.4m, the cement pit of high 0.6 ~ 0.8m, circulation miniflow water cultivates;
(2) spiral shell seedling cultivation: close spiral shell cultivation density is 40 ~ 55/cement pit, children's spiral shell 200 ~ 600/cement pit, water plants is planted in cement pit, breeding feed to coordinate with concentrated feed with green fodder feeds, the cultivation depth of water is 0.1 ~ 0.2m, carry out concentrating hatching to the ovum that close spiral shell produces, prevent sun direct projection;
(3) aquaculture management: observe Pomacea canaliculata food situation, surplus bait situation, and siphoned away by surplus bait in time, the harmful animal detecting the ovum of harm Pomacea canaliculata exists situation.
The beneficial effect of Pomacea canaliculata cultural method provided by the invention is: in the year-round average temperature only area such as Hubei of about 15 DEG C, without the need to using warm canopy, Pomacea canaliculata is cultivated, by the strict control of the cultivation such as water level and cultivation density parameter, at utmost improve the adaptability of Pomacea canaliculata to mean temperature lower ground district's environment, improve individual weight and the growth rate of Pomacea canaliculata, thus increase culture benefit.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 is the average weight schematic diagram of Pomacea canaliculata at 8-10 month different days children spiral shell;
Accompanying drawing 2 is the Pomacea canaliculata average weight contrast schematic diagram of experimental group one, the same age in days of experimental group two;
Accompanying drawing 3 is the Pomacea canaliculata average weight contrast schematic diagram of experimental group two, the same age in days of experimental group three.
Embodiment
The invention provides a kind of Pomacea canaliculata cultural method, its step comprises:
(1) facility prepares: select specification to be long 3.4 ~ 3.6m, wide 3.2 ~ 3.4m, the cement pit of high 0.6 ~ 0.8m, circulation miniflow water cultivates;
(2) spiral shell seedling cultivation: close spiral shell cultivation density is 40 ~ 55/cement pit, children's spiral shell 200 ~ 600/cement pit, water plants is planted in cement pit, breeding feed to coordinate with concentrated feed with green fodder feeds, the cultivation depth of water is 0.1 ~ 0.2m, carry out concentrating hatching to the ovum that close spiral shell produces, prevent sun direct projection;
(3) aquaculture management: observe Pomacea canaliculata food situation, surplus bait situation, and siphoned away by surplus bait in time, the harmful animal detecting the ovum of harm Pomacea canaliculata exists situation.
Preferably, the described cultivation depth of water is the young spiral shell cultivation depth of water 0.1 ~ 0.15m, becomes the spiral shell cultivation depth of water 0.15 ~ 0.2m.
Be more preferably, Suo Shu Celadon feed comprises green vegetables, melon seedling potato rattan, impulse-free robustness browse, and described concentrated feed comprises wheat bran, rice bran, soya-bean cake, peanut press pulp.
Preferred further, the feeding volume of described feed is 8 ~ 12% of Pomacea canaliculata body weight.
Be more preferably, described water plants comprises duckweed, weter hyacinth, water lettuce.
Preferred further, described water plants is weter hyacinth, and weter hyacinth planted area accounts for 8 ~ 12% of water surface area.
Be more preferably, the method for described concentrated hatching is: be placed in by ovum in polyethylene mesh sheet, and mesh sheet is placed on the high water body of the distance water surface 14 ~ 16cm, and be placed in sunshade room, prevent sun direct projection, brooding time is 9 ~ 13 days.
Be more preferably, described Pomacea canaliculata cultural method cultivates for the Pomacea canaliculata of Hubei province.
Below in conjunction with embodiment, Pomacea canaliculata cultural method provided by the invention is further described.
Embodiment one
In this experiment, close spiral shell is purchased from Guangdong, and Pomacea canaliculata is laid eggs in area, Guangdong and Guangxi Provinces ovum grain number maximum and can be reached 887, and after Hubei Province cultivates, its egg production capacity obviously declines, and on average most ovule grain is 50, and maximum is 400, eggs on average 300.The Hubei province Amazonian snail oviposition duration is first arrival mid or late October in May, enter November due to temperature water temperature etc. the Pomacea canaliculata that affects of factor progressed into hibernation-like state, enter within the mud in culturing pool.Spiral shell as Hubei Province's self-reproduction self cultivation only needs the nursing cultivation of 2 ~ 3.5 months to reach sexual maturity, and institute lays eggs a size and above-mentioned basically identical.The young spiral shell that following experiment all adopts oneself cement pit to hatch out, ensure the uniformity of young spiral shell, concrete breeding process is as follows:
(1) breeding facility: employing specification is that the cement pit of 3.5 × 3.3 × 0.6m cultivates, and adopts miniflow water circulation system.The cement pit of this specification both can prevent Pomacea canaliculata from escaping, and can prevent again the intrusion of Pomacea canaliculata harmful animal.
(2) spiral shell seedling cultivation: close spiral shell cultivation density is 50/cement pit, and young spiral shell cultivation density is 200 ~ 600/cement pit, plants weter hyacinth in culturing pool, and weter hyacinth accounts for 1/10 of whole water surface area.Breeding feed to coordinate with concentrated feed with green fodder feeds, and the cultivation depth of water is 0.1 ~ 0.2m.Carry out concentrating hatching to the ovum that close spiral shell produces, hatching m is for be placed in polyethylene mesh sheet by ovum, and mesh sheet is placed on the high water body of distance water surface 15cm, is placed in sunshade room, prevents sun direct projection, hatch simultaneously with natural temperature.
Suo Shu Celadon feed is with all kinds of green vegetables, and melon seedling potato rattan, impulse-free robustness browse etc. is main, and concentrated feed is based on wheat bran, rice bran, soya-bean cake, peanut press pulp etc.Pomacea canaliculata has photophobism, green fodder of therefore throwing something and feeding daytime, concentrated feed of throwing something and feeding when the dusk, feeding volume generally with about 10% of body weight, but should not leave residue as much as possible in reality, polluted-water is not principle.
The described cultivation depth of water is 0.1 ~ 0.2m, and young spiral shell water lev el control is 0.1 ~ 0.15m, becomes spiral shell water lev el control to be 0.15 ~ 0.2m.Because young spiral shell metabolism is slow, therefore weekly to siphon at the bottom of pond once, coordinate the principle of feeding to throw something and feed according to green fodder with concentrated feed, sufficient food is provided as much as possible, but too many swill can not be left.In the cultivation in 8-10 month, Pomacea canaliculata growth is fast, and as shown in Figure 1, the Pomacea canaliculata average body of 21d age in days 0.1g, the 37d body weight that weighs reaches 1.093g to the average weight of different days children spiral shell, and 60d reaches 3.715g, and 49-60d average weight gain in time reaches 0.15g.
The ovum that parent's spiral shell produces need carry out concentrating hatching, hatching m is for be placed in polyethylene mesh sheet by ovum, mesh sheet is placed on the high water body of distance water surface 15cm, be placed in sunshade room, prevent sun direct projection, hatch with natural temperature, brooding time is probably 9 ~ 13 days, and incubation rate reaches more than 95% simultaneously.Treat that ovum grain gradually becomes grey by pink, then broken shell fall fall into the water start life.Need the green fodders such as fresh and tender duckweed when being about to hatch young spiral shell in water body, falling into for young spiral shell to have an attachment and sufficient food timely and starts life after in water.
(3) manage: whether inspection every day is observed and killed and devour, if there be second day, suitably feeding volume can be reduced, a large amount of excreta whether is had at the bottom of the transparency of observation water body and pond, a week to siphon at the bottom of pond once in principle, for the environment that its existence creation one is suitable, observe and whether have the natural enemy of Pomacea canaliculata to occur or the dead spiral shell phenomenon of Pomacea canaliculata, if any being processed in time.
Embodiment two
Adopt Pomacea canaliculata cultural method provided by the invention, carry out Various Seasonal Pomacea canaliculata growing state and compare.
Two groups of experiments are set: experimental group one ovum used by being laid eggs on July 31st, 2014, get 14 pieces of an egg average 200 each, amount to 2800, started hatching on August 9, incubation cycle is three days, and the growth measurement time is from 27-October 8 August; Experimental group two by being laid eggs on August 27th, 2014, get 14 pieces of an egg average 200 each, amount to 2800, start there is a small amount of hatching September 9, September 11, major part was hatched, and the growth measurement cycle is 5-November 3 October.
As shown in Figure 2, accompanying drawing 2 is experimental group one to cultivation result, the Pomacea canaliculata of experimental group two same age in days children spiral shell average weight compares.Visible, in 7-10 month (summer), the Pomacea canaliculata children spiral shell average weight of 24d, 31d, 37d, 44d, 53d age in days is followed successively by 0.148g, 0.658g, 1.093g, 1.169g and 2.565g; And in 9-11 month (autumn), the Pomacea canaliculata average weight of above-mentioned age in days is only respectively 0.094g, 0.244g, 0.347g, 0.54g, 0.843g.The Pomacea canaliculata of same age in days is about the 1.5-3.0 of body weight in autumn doubly in the body weight in summer.Visible, summer is its rapid growth stage, and the cultivation of Pomacea canaliculata will do a good job of it this critical period, and water temperature is very large to Pomacea canaliculata growth effect.
Embodiment three
Adopt Pomacea canaliculata cultural method provided by the invention, carry out different water depth Pomacea canaliculata growing state and compare.
Arrange experimental group three, experimental group three is for taking from the ovum produced August 24 in 2014.Get 23 ovum, often ovum, on average containing 150 ovum, amounts to 3450.September 6 started there is a small amount of hatching, and September 7, major part hatched out, and its egg hatching and young spirodromy are grown basically identical with experimental group two in time, and the pond depth of water of experimental group two is 0.11m, is form contrast, the experimental group three pond depth of water is set to 0.25m.
As shown in Figure 3, accompanying drawing 3 is experimental group two to cultivation result, the Pomacea canaliculata of experimental group three same age in days children spiral shell average weight compares.Visible, the factors such as water temperature are consistent, and different breeding water level has remarkable impact to its growth rate, and cultivation water level is very fast in 0.11m Pomacea canaliculata body weight gain, and water level body weight gain when 0.25m is slower.In the Pomacea canaliculata children spiral shell of 24d, 31d, 37d, 44d and 53d age in days measured, when cultivation water level remains on 0.11m, the average weight of its correspondence is 0.094g, 0.244g, 0.347g, 0.54g, 0.843g, and cultivate body weight when water level is 0.25m and be followed successively by 0.037g, 0.091g, 0.131g, 0.212g, 0.399g, the body weight ratio with age in days reaches 2.1-2.7 doubly.Thus say when all the other environmental conditions are consistent, the depth of water is very large to Pomacea canaliculata children spiral shell growth effect.
From the result of embodiment two, Pomacea canaliculata is very responsive for temperature, summer is its rapid growth stage, the cultivation of Pomacea canaliculata will do a good job of it this critical period, when the season that temperature is lower, the growth rate of Pomacea canaliculata can slow down, activity weakens even stops action, the cultural method of low temperature season Pomacea canaliculata is most important, the Pomacea canaliculata cultural method provided by embodiment one, in the summer that temperature is higher, the weight of Pomacea canaliculata individuality can reach 2.565g, when temperature is lower, without the need to using warm canopy, by the strict control of the cultivation such as water level and cultivation density parameter, green fodder and concentrated feed are arranged in pairs or groups and are fed and daily management, at utmost improve the adaptability of Pomacea canaliculata to mean temperature lower ground district's environment, it is very large for Pomacea canaliculata growth effect that embodiment three demonstrates the depth of water, suitable water level is conducive to increasing illumination and controlling water temperature, the activity strengthening Pomacea canaliculata improves the adaptive capacity of Pomacea canaliculata for lower temperature, improve individual weight and the growth rate of Pomacea canaliculata, thus ensure the quick Growth and reproduction of Pomacea canaliculata, output and the fanning economics of Pomacea canaliculata are high.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. a Pomacea canaliculata cultural method, its step comprises:
(1) facility prepares: select specification to be long 3.4 ~ 3.6m, wide 3.2 ~ 3.4m, the cement pit of high 0.6 ~ 0.8m, circulation miniflow water cultivates;
(2) spiral shell seedling cultivation: close spiral shell cultivation density is 40 ~ 55/cement pit, children's spiral shell 200 ~ 600/cement pit, water plants is planted in cement pit, breeding feed to coordinate with concentrated feed with green fodder feeds, the cultivation depth of water is 0.1 ~ 0.2m, carry out concentrating hatching to the ovum that close spiral shell produces, prevent sun direct projection;
(3) aquaculture management: observe Pomacea canaliculata food situation, surplus bait situation, and siphoned away by surplus bait in time, the harmful animal detecting the ovum of harm Pomacea canaliculata exists situation.
2. Pomacea canaliculata cultural method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the described cultivation depth of water is the young spiral shell cultivation depth of water 0.1 ~ 0.15m, becomes the spiral shell cultivation depth of water 0.15 ~ 0.2m.
3. Pomacea canaliculata cultural method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: Suo Shu Celadon feed comprises green vegetables, melon seedling potato rattan, impulse-free robustness browse, described concentrated feed comprises wheat bran, rice bran, soya-bean cake, peanut press pulp.
4. Pomacea canaliculata cultural method as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that: the feeding volume of described feed is 8 ~ 12% of Pomacea canaliculata body weight.
5. Pomacea canaliculata cultural method as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: described water plants comprises duckweed, weter hyacinth, water lettuce.
6. Pomacea canaliculata cultural method as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that: described water plants is weter hyacinth, weter hyacinth planted area is 8 ~ 12% of water surface area.
7. Pomacea canaliculata cultural method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: the method for described concentrated hatching is: be placed in by ovum in polyethylene mesh sheet, mesh sheet is placed on the high water body of the distance water surface 14 ~ 16cm, is placed in sunshade room, prevent sun direct projection, brooding time is 9 ~ 13 days.
8. Pomacea canaliculata cultural method as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: described Pomacea canaliculata cultural method cultivates for the Pomacea canaliculata of Hubei province.
CN201510158415.6A 2015-04-03 2015-04-03 Cultivation method of ampullaria gigas Pending CN104798702A (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108077338A (en) * 2017-12-26 2018-05-29 重庆医学检验试剂研究所 A kind of pharmaceutical composition for inhibiting aquatic livestock ovulation and its reagent and method
CN114631503A (en) * 2022-02-25 2022-06-17 海南金雨海洋产业发展有限公司 Artificial seedling culture method for Babylonia

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108077338A (en) * 2017-12-26 2018-05-29 重庆医学检验试剂研究所 A kind of pharmaceutical composition for inhibiting aquatic livestock ovulation and its reagent and method
CN114631503A (en) * 2022-02-25 2022-06-17 海南金雨海洋产业发展有限公司 Artificial seedling culture method for Babylonia

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