CN104788502B - 二茂铁高氮含能共晶物 - Google Patents
二茂铁高氮含能共晶物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104788502B CN104788502B CN201510114649.0A CN201510114649A CN104788502B CN 104788502 B CN104788502 B CN 104788502B CN 201510114649 A CN201510114649 A CN 201510114649A CN 104788502 B CN104788502 B CN 104788502B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- ferrocene
- energy
- eutectic
- eutectic thing
- high nitrogen
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- KTWOOEGAPBSYNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferrocene Chemical compound [Fe+2].C=1C=C[CH-]C=1.C=1C=C[CH-]C=1 KTWOOEGAPBSYNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 150000003536 tetrazoles Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- OXNIZHLAWKMVMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N picric acid Chemical compound OC1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O OXNIZHLAWKMVMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 241000208340 Araliaceae Species 0.000 claims 2
- 235000005035 Panax pseudoginseng ssp. pseudoginseng Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
- 235000003140 Panax quinquefolius Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
- 235000008434 ginseng Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
- WGZWXARAMMXBKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopenta-1,3-diene iron(2+) N,N,5-trimethylcyclopenta-1,3-dien-1-amine Chemical compound [Fe++].c1cc[cH-]c1.CN(C)[c-]1cccc1C WGZWXARAMMXBKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 22
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- SPSSULHKWOKEEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene Chemical compound CC1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O SPSSULHKWOKEEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- ULRPISSMEBPJLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2h-tetrazol-5-amine Chemical class NC1=NN=NN1 ULRPISSMEBPJLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000015 trinitrotoluene Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010189 synthetic method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 125000006222 dimethylaminomethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])N(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 abstract description 2
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- -1 vinyl ferrocene Chemical compound 0.000 description 21
- GDDNTTHUKVNJRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-bromo-3,3-difluoroprop-1-ene Chemical group FC(F)(Br)C=C GDDNTTHUKVNJRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001644 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 4
- 206010013786 Dry skin Diseases 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 208000016261 weight loss Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 3
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005033 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002121 Hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019658 bitter taste Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000006664 bond formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000412 dendrimer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000736 dendritic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001757 thermogravimetry curve Methods 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000004237 Crocus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000596148 Crocus Species 0.000 description 1
- 101001031591 Mus musculus Heart- and neural crest derivatives-expressed protein 2 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia Natural products N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003416 augmentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009514 concussion Effects 0.000 description 1
- XGIBLEBJVMIPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopenta-1,3-diene cyclopenta-1,3-dien-1-ylmethanamine iron(2+) Chemical compound [Fe++].c1cc[cH-]c1.NCc1ccc[cH-]1 XGIBLEBJVMIPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000113 differential scanning calorimetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007306 functionalization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- LGZXYFMMLRYXLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury(2+);sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Hg+2] LGZXYFMMLRYXLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 150000003956 methylamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009711 regulatory function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002411 thermogravimetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F17/00—Metallocenes
- C07F17/02—Metallocenes of metals of Groups 8, 9 or 10 of the Periodic Table
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B25/00—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound
- C06B25/04—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound the nitrated compound being an aromatic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B25/00—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound
- C06B25/34—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound the compound being a nitrated acyclic, alicyclic or heterocyclic amine
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C205/00—Compounds containing nitro groups bound to a carbon skeleton
- C07C205/06—Compounds containing nitro groups bound to a carbon skeleton having nitro groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C205/00—Compounds containing nitro groups bound to a carbon skeleton
- C07C205/13—Compounds containing nitro groups bound to a carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being further substituted by hydroxy groups
- C07C205/20—Compounds containing nitro groups bound to a carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being further substituted by hydroxy groups having nitro groups and hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
- C07C205/21—Compounds containing nitro groups bound to a carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being further substituted by hydroxy groups having nitro groups and hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings having nitro groups and hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of the same non-condensed six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C205/24—Compounds containing nitro groups bound to a carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being further substituted by hydroxy groups having nitro groups and hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings having nitro groups and hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of the same non-condensed six-membered aromatic ring having three, and only three, nitro groups bound to the ring
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D257/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having four nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D257/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having four nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms not condensed with other rings
- C07D257/04—Five-membered rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D257/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having four nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D257/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having four nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms not condensed with other rings
- C07D257/04—Five-membered rings
- C07D257/06—Five-membered rings with nitrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atom
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C07B2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to specific properties of organic compounds
- C07B2200/13—Crystalline forms, e.g. polymorphs
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种二茂铁高氮含能共晶物,它是由N,N‑二甲氨基甲基二茂铁与含能化合物形成的共晶物,其中所述的含能化合物是四氮唑、苦味酸、三硝基甲苯或5‑氨基四氮唑。本发明利用共晶技术,通过含能化合物与二茂铁类燃速催化剂N,N‑二甲氨基甲基二茂铁共晶,合成二茂铁高氮含能共晶物,合成方法简单、成本较低,所合成的二茂铁高氮含能共晶物在自然条件下不易挥发、热稳定性好,具有较高的生成热和燃烧热,这样不但可以降低催化剂的迁移性和挥发性,而且共晶物本身含能,在分解时也会提高推进剂的能量水平。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于固体推进剂配方中燃速催化剂的合成技术领域,具体涉及一种二茂铁高氮含能共晶化合物及其制备方法。
背景技术
燃速催化剂也称为燃烧调节剂,是固体推进剂配方中必不可少的组分之一。在众多的燃速催化剂中,二茂铁类燃速催化剂因其优异的燃烧调节功能,广泛的应用于复合固体推进剂中,在各种弹道导弹、机载战术导弹、反导高速动能导弹及海基水雷、鱼雷等武器中发挥着重要作用。但是二茂铁类燃速催化剂在固体推进剂生产中存在挥发和升华的缺陷,而且在存储过程中存在易迁移的问题。
针对二茂铁类燃速催化剂存在的问题,各国的科学家采取了很多的方法合成新结构的二茂铁衍生物。例如:K.Subramanian等将乙烯基二茂铁接枝在HTPB键合剂NHPNFD剩余的不饱和双键上,发现二茂铁在固化后的推进剂体系中于100℃下老化50小时没有发生迁移现象(K.Subramanian,K.S.Sastri.Synthesis and characterization of ironcarbonyl-modified hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene:A catalyst-boundpropellant binder for burn-rate augmentation[J].Journal of Applied PolymerScience,2003,90(10):2813-2823),李战雄等合成的亚乙撑双二茂铁衍生物(李战雄,唐孝明,陈国强,等.亚乙撑双二茂铁衍生物及其合成方法[P].中国:101186625A.2008),李保国等合成的N-取代二茂铁衍生物(李保国,高岱巍,边占喜.二烷基双二茂铁甲胺的合成[J].内蒙古大学学报(自然科学版).2001,32(1):638-641),国际英合成的羟甲基-双(二茂铁基)丙烷(国际英.新燃速催化剂的制备与应用研究[D].西北工业大学,2006),罗运军合成的二茂铁功能化的聚酯树枝形分子(F.Xiao,X.Sun,X.Wu,J.Zhao,Y.Luo.Synthesis andcharacterization of ferrocene-functionalized polyeaster dendrimers andcatalytic performance for thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate[J].J.Organomet.Chem.2012,713:96-103),这些都是催化效果不错的双核二茂铁衍生物,这些化合物虽然能达到降低二茂铁基燃速催化剂迁移性和挥发性的目的,但其研究思路无一例外的涉及新合成工艺和路线,面临繁琐而耗时的设计、合成、放大过程等问题。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于克服现有技术中二茂铁衍生物所存在的易迁移易挥发的问题,提供一种合成方法简单,在自然条件下不易挥发、热稳定性好、具有较高的生成热和燃烧热的二茂铁高氮含能共晶化合物。
解决上述技术问题所采用的技术方案是:上述的二茂铁高氮含能共晶化合物是由N,N-二甲氨基甲基二茂铁与含能化合物形成的共晶物,所述的含能化合物是四氮唑、苦味酸、三硝基甲苯、5-氨基四氮唑中的任意一种。
上述的二茂铁高氮含能共晶物是由N,N-二甲氨基甲基二茂铁与四氮唑形成的共晶物时,该共晶物为粉末或晶体,所述N,N-二甲氨基甲基二茂铁与四氮唑形成的共晶物晶体属于单斜晶系,P121/c1空间群,晶胞参数: α=90°,β=101.47(2)°,γ=90°,Z=4,晶胞体积为
上述的二茂铁高氮含能共晶物是由N,N-二甲氨基甲基二茂铁与苦味酸形成的共晶物时,该共晶物为粉末或晶体,所述N,N-二甲氨基甲基二茂铁与苦味酸形成的共晶物晶体属于单斜晶系,P121/c1空间群,晶胞参数: α=90°,β=108.39(0)°,γ=90°,Z=25,晶胞体积为
本发明二茂铁高氮含能共晶物的制备方法为:将N,N-二甲氨基甲基二茂铁溶解于甲醇或乙醇或丙酮中,搅拌至溶液完全透明,然后滴加含能化合物的甲醇或乙醇或丙酮溶液,其中N,N-二甲氨基甲基二茂铁与含能化合物的摩尔比为1:1,若有沉淀生成,直接抽滤、干燥,若无沉淀生成,滴加乙醚至沉淀完全,再抽滤、干燥,得到二茂铁高氮含能共晶物。
本发明利用共晶技术(共晶技术从原理上讲是将两种或两种以上的分子通过分子间非共价键作用力,微观结合在同一晶格中,形成具有特定结构和性能的多组分分子晶体),通过一些含能化合物(四氮唑、苦味酸、三硝基甲苯、5-氨基四氮唑)与二茂铁类燃速催化剂(N,N-二甲氨基甲基二茂铁)共晶,合成二茂铁高氮含能共晶物。本发明合成方法操作简单、成本较低,通过TG-DSC等手段对合成的共晶物的热分解行为、挥发性以及它们对高氯酸铵热分解的燃烧催化性能进行分析,发现所合成的二茂铁高氮含能共晶物显示出更好的综合性能,即共晶物在自然条件下不易挥发、热稳定性好,具有较高的生成热和燃烧热,这样不但可以降低催化剂的迁移性和挥发性,而且共晶物本身含能,在分解时也会提高推进剂的能量水平。
附图说明
图1是实施例1制备的N,N-二甲氨基甲基二茂铁与四氮唑共晶物的配位环境图。
图2是实施例2制备的N,N-二甲氨基甲基二茂铁与苦味酸共晶物的配位环境图。
图3是高氯酸铵中添加实施例1~4制备的二茂铁高氮含能共晶物的差示扫描量热分析曲线。
图4是高氯酸铵中添加实施例1~4制备的二茂铁高氮含能共晶物的催化热重分析曲线。
图5是实施例1~4制备的二茂铁高氮含能共晶物的恒温热重分析曲线。
图6是实施例1~4制备的二茂铁高氮含能共晶物的自身热重分析曲线。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明进一步详细说明,但本发明的保护范围不仅限于这些实施例。
实施例1
以制备N,N-二甲氨基甲基二茂铁与四氮唑共晶物为例,其反应方程式和制备方法如下:
将0.070g(1mmol)四氮唑加入盛有15mL丙酮的圆底烧瓶中,搅拌至溶液完全透明;将0.243g(1mmol)N,N-二甲氨基甲基二茂铁溶解于15mL丙酮中,然后将其用恒压漏斗缓慢滴加至圆底烧瓶中,立即有橘黄色沉淀生成,抽滤,滤饼用丙酮洗3次,然后置于真空干燥箱中70℃干燥24小时,得到N,N-二甲氨基甲基二茂铁与四氮唑共晶物粉末,其结构表征数据如下:
FT-IR(KBr,cm-1):3300,2649,1473,1025;1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO)δ:8.55(s,1H),4.31(s,2H),4.23(s,2H),4.19(s,5H),3.77(s,2H),2.42(s,6H);13C NMR(600MHz,DMSO)δ:147.06,77.36,70.62,68.81,68.63,56.87,41.99。
称取上述共晶物粉末15mg置于试管中,加入5mL丙酮使其完全溶解,静置使丙酮自然挥发,析出橘黄色晶体,即N,N-二甲氨基甲基二茂铁与四氮唑共晶物晶体,该晶体的分子量为472.25,属于单斜晶系,P121/c1空间群,晶胞参数: α=90°,β=101.47(2)°,γ=90°,Z=4,晶胞体积为其配位环境图见图1。由图1可见,四氮唑上的H与一分子的N,N-二甲氨基甲基二茂铁上的N原子之间以氢键连接,而四氮唑上的N与另一分子的N,N-二甲氨基甲基二茂铁甲基上的H原子之间以氢键连接,说明二者是通过氢键形成共晶物。
实施例2
以制备N,N-二甲氨基甲基二茂铁与苦味酸共晶物为例,其反应方程式和制备方法如下:
将0.229g(1mmol)苦味酸加入盛有15mL甲醇的圆底烧瓶中,搅拌至溶液完全透明;将0.243g(1mmol)N,N-二甲氨基甲基二茂铁溶解于15mL甲醇中,然后将其用恒压漏斗缓慢滴加至圆底烧瓶中,立即有红色沉淀生成,抽滤,滤饼用甲醇洗3次,然后置于真空干燥箱中70℃干燥24小时,得到N,N-二甲氨基甲基二茂铁与苦味酸共晶物粉末,其结构表征数据如下:
FR-IR(KBr,cm-1):3021,1551,1326;1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO)δ:8.59(s,2H),4.41(s,2H),4.32(s,2H),4.23(s,5H),4.10(d,J=4.2Hz,2H),2.65(s,6H);13C NMR(600MHz,DMSO)δ:161.29,142.35,125.66,124.67,75.31,71.44,69.91,69.29,56.84,41.74。
将0.115g(0.5mmol)苦味酸溶于3mL甲醇中,搅拌待其完全溶解,将其注入一个15mL的比色管中,然后用注射器吸取5mL甲醇,将其沿壁慢慢加入比色管中;再将0.121g(0.5mmol)N,N-二甲氨基甲基二茂铁溶于3mL甲醇中,搅拌使其完全溶解,用注射器将其沿壁缓缓注入比色管中,最后将其密封好放到柜子里,切勿震荡,放置2天后,得到橘红色晶体,即N,N-二甲氨基甲基二茂铁与苦味酸共晶物晶体,该晶体的分子量为313.20,属于单斜晶系,P 121/c 1空间群,晶胞参数:α=90°,β=108.39(0)°,γ=90°,Z=25,晶胞体积为其配位环境图见图2。由图2可见,苦味酸硝基上的O与N,N-二甲氨基甲基二茂铁上的甲基上的H原子之间以氢键连接,说明二者是通过氢键形成共晶物。
实施例3
以制备N,N-二甲氨基甲基二茂铁与三硝基甲苯共晶物为例,其反应方程式和制备方法如下:
将0.227g(1mmol)三硝基甲苯加入盛有15mL氯仿的圆底烧瓶中,搅拌至溶液完全透明;将0.243g(1mmol)N,N-二甲氨基甲基二茂铁溶解于15mL氯仿中,然后将其用恒压漏斗缓慢滴加至圆底烧瓶中,滴加完后,用旋转蒸发仪旋干,然后其置于真空干燥箱中70℃干燥24小时,得到N,N-二甲氨基甲基二茂铁与三硝基甲苯共晶物粉末,其结构表征数据如下:
FR-IR(KBr,cm-1):3676,3195,1148,1541,1471,815;1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ:9.03(s,2H),4.23(t,9H),3.82(s,2H),3.52(s,3H),2.56(s,6H);13C NMR(600MHz,DMSO)δ:161.29,142.35,125.66,124.67,75.31,71.44,69.91,69.29,56.84,41.74。
实施例4
以制备N,N-二甲氨基甲基二茂铁与5-氨基四氮唑共晶物为例,其反应方程式和制备方法如下:
将0.085g(1mmol)5-氨基四氮唑溶加入盛有15mL蒸馏水的圆底烧瓶中,搅拌至溶液完全透明;将0.243g(1mmol)N,N-二甲氨基甲基二茂铁溶解于15mL氯仿中,然后将其用恒压漏斗缓慢滴加至圆底烧瓶中,常温搅拌3小时(在搅拌过程中有沉淀产生),抽滤,滤饼用氯仿洗3次,然后置于真空干燥箱中70℃干燥24小时,得到N,N-二甲氨基甲基二茂铁与5-氨基四氮唑共晶物粉末,其结构表征数据如下:
FT-IR(KBr,cm-1):3300,2649,1473,1025;1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ:6.37(s,2H),4.13(t,9H),3.28(s,2H),2.08(s,6H);13C NMR(600MHz,DMSO)δ:147.06,77.36,70.62,68.81,68.63,56.87,41.99。
为了证明本发明的有益效果,发明人对实施例1~4制备的二茂铁高氮含能共晶物的催化性能和热稳定性进行测试,具体测试方法如下:
1、差式扫描量热仪测定催化性能
以高氯酸铵(AP)为例,对实施例1~4制备的二茂铁高氮含能共晶物的催化性能进行测试,具体实验情况如下:
取二茂铁高氮含能共晶物5mg、粉末状的AP 95mg,研磨混合均匀,采用差示扫描量热仪对其催化性能进行测试,实验结果见图3。
由图3可见,AP的热分解可分为三个阶段:第一阶段为AP的相变吸热过程,由正交晶系转变为立方晶系,峰值温度为243.5℃,第二阶段是AP的低温分解过程,峰值温度为293.7℃,第三阶段是紧随低温分解阶段的吸热过程,称为高温分解阶段,这个高温分解过程既可以是吸热过程也可以是放热过程,主要取决于升华和热分解间的竞争,峰值温度为429.3℃。当AP中添加5%实施例1~4制备的二茂铁高氮含能共晶物后,AP的低温分解阶段提前至164.4~197.6℃,终止分解温度提前至293.7~308.8℃,且放出的热量较N,N-二甲氨基甲基二茂铁明显增大,由此可见,与纯AP相比,添加本发明化合物后体系的最强放热峰温提前,说明本发明化合物对AP的热分解具有一定的燃烧催化作用,与纯N,N-二甲氨基甲基二茂铁相比,放热量增加,增加了推进剂的能量水平。
2、热重测定催化性能
以高氯酸铵(AP)为例,对实施例1~4制备的二茂铁高氮含能共晶物的催化性能进行测试,具体实验情况如下:
取二茂铁高氮含能共晶物5mg、粉末状的AP 95mg,研磨混合均匀,采用热重分析仪从室温升到450℃,对其催化性能进行测试,实验结果见图4。
从图4的TG曲线发现,AP从243.45℃开始失重,终止分解温度为390.03℃;N,N-二甲氨基甲基二茂铁与四氮唑共晶物从93.00℃开始失重,终止分解温度为326.35℃;N,N-二甲氨基甲基二茂铁与苦味酸共晶物从147.50℃开始失重,终止分解温度为325.56℃;N,N-二甲氨基甲基二茂铁与三硝基甲苯共晶物从131.36℃开始失重,终止分解温度为338.61℃;N,N-二甲氨基甲基二茂铁与5-氨基四氮唑共晶物从154.38℃开始失重,终止分解温度为340.90℃。由此可见,本发明共晶物与纯AP相比,终止分解温度提前了49.13~64.47℃,说明本发明二茂铁高氮含能共晶物对AP的热分解具有一定的燃烧催化作用。
3、24h恒温热重测定热稳定性能
取二茂铁高氮含能共晶物2~3mg左右,采用热重分析仪在70℃恒温24h,对其热稳定性进行测试,实验结果见图5。
由图5可见,N,N二甲氨基甲基二茂铁(DMAMFc)不到2h失重率达98%以上,最终残留物只有1.56%(剩余的可能是杂质);而实施例1~4制备的二茂铁高氮含能共晶物显示极为缓慢地失重过程,N,N-二甲氨基甲基二茂铁与四氮唑共晶物最终剩余97.15%,只有2.85%的失重率,N,N-二甲氨基甲基二茂铁与5-氨基四氮唑共晶物最终剩余87.24%,只有12.78%的失重率,而其他两个共晶物在70℃下恒温24h后几乎没有失重现象,说明本发明二茂铁高氮含能共晶物的热稳定性都很好。
4、热重测定热稳定性能
取二茂铁高氮含能共晶物2~3mg左右,采用热重分析仪从室温升到800℃,对其热稳定性进行测试,实验结果见图6。
由图6可见,N,N二甲氨基甲基二茂铁(DMAMFc)从43.2℃开始失重,150.1℃以上不再失重,剩余1.69%;N,N-二甲氨基甲基二茂铁与苦味酸共晶物从167.2℃开始失重,最终剩余51.49%;N,N-二甲氨基甲基二茂铁与三硝基甲苯共晶物从132.10℃开始失重,最终剩余34.88%;N,N-二甲氨基甲基二茂铁与5-氨基四氮唑共晶物从219.53℃开始失重,最终剩余18.89%;N,N-二甲氨基甲基二茂铁与四氮唑共晶物从92.64℃开始失重,最终剩余6.29%。由此可见,本发明二茂铁高氮含能共晶物的分解温度均推后,并且最终剩余量增加,说明产物的热稳定性明显优于N,N二甲氨基甲基二茂铁。
Claims (1)
1.一种二茂铁高氮含能共晶物,其特征在于:它是由N,N-二甲氨基甲基二茂铁与含能化合物形成的共晶物,所述的含能化合物是四氮唑或苦味酸;
上述的含能化合物是四氮唑时形成的共晶物属于单斜晶系,P121/c1空间群,晶胞参数:α=90°,β=101.47(2)°,γ=90°,Z=4,晶胞体积为
上述的含能化合物是苦味酸时形成的共晶物属于单斜晶系,P121/c1空间群,晶胞参数:α=90°,β=108.39(0)°,γ=90°,Z=25,晶胞体积为
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201510114649.0A CN104788502B (zh) | 2015-03-16 | 2015-03-16 | 二茂铁高氮含能共晶物 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201510114649.0A CN104788502B (zh) | 2015-03-16 | 2015-03-16 | 二茂铁高氮含能共晶物 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN104788502A CN104788502A (zh) | 2015-07-22 |
CN104788502B true CN104788502B (zh) | 2017-10-20 |
Family
ID=53553732
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201510114649.0A Expired - Fee Related CN104788502B (zh) | 2015-03-16 | 2015-03-16 | 二茂铁高氮含能共晶物 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN104788502B (zh) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN113896748B (zh) * | 2021-11-05 | 2022-07-19 | 西北大学 | 一种双核二茂铁基含能化合物及其合成方法与应用 |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3704330A (en) * | 1968-11-26 | 1972-11-28 | Cities Service Oil Co | Process for recovery of para-xylene from mixtures of meta and para-xylene |
CN101434617A (zh) * | 2008-08-20 | 2009-05-20 | 西北大学 | 基于偶氮四唑的含能配合物及其应用 |
CN102675376A (zh) * | 2012-05-24 | 2012-09-19 | 陕西师范大学 | 二茂铁高氮离子化合物及其制备方法 |
-
2015
- 2015-03-16 CN CN201510114649.0A patent/CN104788502B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3704330A (en) * | 1968-11-26 | 1972-11-28 | Cities Service Oil Co | Process for recovery of para-xylene from mixtures of meta and para-xylene |
CN101434617A (zh) * | 2008-08-20 | 2009-05-20 | 西北大学 | 基于偶氮四唑的含能配合物及其应用 |
CN102675376A (zh) * | 2012-05-24 | 2012-09-19 | 陕西师范大学 | 二茂铁高氮离子化合物及其制备方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
二茂铁咪唑_三氮唑_富氮离子化合物的合成_晶体结构及燃烧催化性能;刘学林等,;《中国化学会第29届学术年会摘要集——第05分会:无机化学》;20140804;全文 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN104788502A (zh) | 2015-07-22 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN110294780B (zh) | 含二茂铁甲基-1,2,3-三氮唑基团的芳香胺类燃速催化剂及其制备方法 | |
CN109438526B (zh) | 含双核二茂铁基团的苯甲酸酯类燃速催化剂及其制备方法 | |
CN102399246B (zh) | 金属镍-咪唑手性纳米笼配合物及其制备方法 | |
CN106831889B (zh) | 双核二茂铁三氮唑配体及其离子型金属配合物和制备方法 | |
Zhang et al. | B12H122–‐Based Metal (Cu2+, Ni2+, Zn2+) Complexes as Hypergolic Fuels with Superior Hypergolicity | |
CN109485680B (zh) | 含二茂铁基团的苯甲酸酯类燃速催化剂及其制备方法 | |
Zhang et al. | Super-base-derived hypergolic ionic fuels with remarkably improved thermal stability | |
CN108558957A (zh) | N-二茂铁基甲基-3-氨基-1,2,4-三氮唑含能过渡金属配合物及其制备方法 | |
CN110483556A (zh) | 二氰胺1,5-二氨基四唑金属配合物及其制备方法 | |
CN108558958A (zh) | 高氮双核二茂铁三氮唑离子型金属配合物及其制备方法 | |
CN103274949A (zh) | 富勒烯乙二胺硝酸盐及其制备方法和用途 | |
CN104788502B (zh) | 二茂铁高氮含能共晶物 | |
CN103288886A (zh) | 双核二茂铁高氮含能离子化合物及其制备方法 | |
CN106831888B (zh) | 二茂铁离子型高氮金属配合物及其制备方法 | |
CN104861000B (zh) | 二茂铁四氮唑高氮含能离子化合物及其制备方法 | |
CN105440070B (zh) | 1,1’‑二氢‑5,5’‑联四唑‑铅配位聚合物及其制备方法 | |
CN108079313B (zh) | 一种七元瓜环与卡培他滨超分子包合物的制备方法 | |
CN105646195A (zh) | 一种芬布芬药物共晶及其制备方法 | |
CN111039871B (zh) | 氰基硼氢咪唑类金属配合物及其制备方法 | |
CN104876974B (zh) | 二茂铁四氮唑离子化合物及其制备方法 | |
CN111841643A (zh) | 一种二茂铁基席夫碱含能钴配合物燃烧催化剂及其制备方法与应用 | |
CN102898257B (zh) | 含1-硝基萘的共晶炸药 | |
CN114958450B (zh) | 一种低迁移二茂铁基缩水甘油醚类燃速催化剂及其制备方法 | |
CN112939708B (zh) | 含二茂铁甲基-1,2,3-三氮唑基团的咪唑和吡唑类燃速催化剂及其制备方法 | |
CN105753909A (zh) | 3,3-双(叠氮二茂铁)环氧丁烷聚醚及合成方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C06 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
EXSB | Decision made by sipo to initiate substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20171020 Termination date: 20200316 |
|
CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |