CN104782461B - A kind of method of soilless culture rhizoma Gastrodiae - Google Patents
A kind of method of soilless culture rhizoma Gastrodiae Download PDFInfo
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- CN104782461B CN104782461B CN201510171015.9A CN201510171015A CN104782461B CN 104782461 B CN104782461 B CN 104782461B CN 201510171015 A CN201510171015 A CN 201510171015A CN 104782461 B CN104782461 B CN 104782461B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
A kind of soilless culture rhizoma Gastrodiae method is related to a kind of soil-less culture technology of plant, more particularly to a kind of cultivation technique without soil of Chinese medicine rhizoma Gastrodiae, and the present invention is to use cultivation technique without soil, and its scheme is：The bottled solid halimasch that a, purchase are cultivated, Gastrodia is put into hole by halimasch borehole, and fix Gastrodia；B, place growth in bottle mouth position and promote thing and then with careless or stalk be covered in surface as covering again, after covering, water, it is In Shade；C, the seed bottle for having planted rhizoma Gastrodiae placed into shady place, guarantee humidity of watering in good time indoors；If being put in outdoor, water daily once or daily early, evening respectively waters once；It is d, ripe to autumn rhizoma Gastrodiae, or as flower ornamental, bloom to next year, result.Of the present invention greatly reduces the planting cost of specific yield；It is applicable to large-scale industrialized production；Space is saved, ecological environment is protected to greatest extent.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of soil-less culture technology of plant, more particularly to a kind of Chinese medicine --- the soilless culture of-rhizoma Gastrodiae
Technology.
Background technology
Rhizoma Gastrodiae is herbaceos perennial, is a kind of rare parts of generic medicinal plants, and hoary hair fiber crops are that gastrodia elata sexual propagation is planted out
The small rhizoma Gastrodiae with growth cone, namely what is often called Gastrodia.Hoary hair fiber crops need to continue to plant just to form arrow fiber crops, i.e. ripe day
Fiber crops.Hoary hair's fiber crops planting technology has following three kinds：
The first is mobile bacterium material planting method, i.e., after the 7-9 months are using the timber felling as bacterium material, saw to certain length,
Shine to half-dried, it is therefore an objective to remove part moisture content, timber is lost germinating vigor, fish scale mouthful has been cut at a distance of 5cm in the face of timber three, used
Sand or soil do matrix and fix timber, and a section is put in the fish scale mouthful of timber and two（Block）The close ring bacterium manually produced, covers
Sand or soil, untill close ring bacterium is delivered a child on timber, the bacterium material that the timber of close ring bacterium of delivering a child has been stored；To December to next year
The bacterium material that this has been stored was taken out before March, the place grown to suitable rhizoma Gastrodiae（I.e. the gradient is the mountain region of 3-10 degree）, dig the pool about 25cm
Deep, length and width are not limited, and the bacterium material stored is put at a distance of 4-6cm mono-, and one is put at two of every root fungus material and fish scale mouth in vain
Head fiber crops, hoary hair's fiber crops afterbody generally puts 5-7 hoary hair fiber crops close to bacterium material per root fungus material, and earthing is advisable to hoary hair fiber crops have been covered, covered
Soil on put the one layer of bacterium do not stored material, untill covering soil, so by rhizoma Gastrodiae in soil self-growth, grown into next year rhizoma Gastrodiae
Ripe excavation rhizoma Gastrodiae；Or matrix is done with sand, the plot of gradient 3-10 degree is selected, for band shale fine sand, side is built with brick or stone and is formed
Moisture in the soil, spreads 3-5cm sand in moisture in the soil, the bacterium material stored is put at a distance of 4-6cm mono-, at two of every root fungus material and fish scale mouth
A hoary hair fiber crops are put, hoary hair's fiber crops afterbody generally puts 5-7 hoary hair fiber crops per root fungus material, cover sand 2-3cm and be advisable, in lid close to bacterium material
Untill the one layer of bacterium do not stored material, lid sand 4-5cm being put on good sand.So by rhizoma Gastrodiae in soil self-growth, exceed in temperature
Need to be sprinkled water cooling sooner or later at 30 degree, it is generally the case that spill a water weekly, and rhizoma Gastrodiae is excavated to next year rhizoma Gastrodiae growth and maturity.
Second is fixed bacterium material planting method：I.e. after the 7-9 months are using the timber felling as bacterium material, saw to certain length,
Fish scale mouthful is cut at a distance of 5cm in the face of timber three, deep in selected soil Shang Wa pools 25cm, length and width are not limited, the wood of fish scale mouthful will have been cut
Material is fixed in the pool, and a section is put at two of timber and fish scale mouthful（Block）The close ring bacterium manually produced, covers soil, to close ring bacterium
Untill delivering a child on bacterium material, to March December to next year before the epidermis soil for having stored bacterium material dug opened, bacterium material two ends store with
A hoary hair fiber crops are put at fish scale mouthful, hoary hair's fiber crops afterbody untill covering soil, is so voluntarily given birth to close to bacterium material by rhizoma Gastrodiae in soil
It is long, excavate rhizoma Gastrodiae to next year rhizoma Gastrodiae growth and maturity.
The third method is packed rhizoma Gastrodiae planting method：I.e. after the 7-9 months are using the timber felling as bacterium material, saw a to fixed length
Degree, has cut fish scale mouthful at a distance of 5cm by the face of timber three, bottom has been completed to 3-5cm sand or soil with sack, will cut the wood of fish scale mouthful
Material is fixed, and a section is put at timber two, fish scale mouth（Block）The close ring bacterium manually produced, covers sand or soil, is connect to close ring bacterium
It is raw on bacterium material untill, the epidermis sand or soil plane of having stored bacterium material are opened in March December to next year, bacterium material two ends store with
Put at fish scale mouthful after hoary hair fiber crops, cover soil, untill bag is tied, so by rhizoma Gastrodiae in bag self-growth, to next year rhizoma Gastrodiae
Growth and maturity excavate rhizoma Gastrodiae.
The traditional rhizoma Gastrodiae planting technology of the above have the shortcomings that one it is common, i.e., need to consume substantial amounts of timber, average yield per mu
About 250 kilograms of rhizoma Gastrodiae, about 3500 kilograms of required timber, that is, about 14 kilograms of timber need to be cut down by producing 1 kilogram of rhizoma Gastrodiae, be had a strong impact on
The ecological balance, and high cost, income are small.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide one kind to solve the defect of above-mentioned traditional planting rhizoma gastrodiae to preserve the ecological environment, and is subtracted
Few bacterium material is used and vegetation deterioration, the numb soilless culture method of the arrow increased economic efficiency.
Soilless culture rhizoma Gastrodiae method of the present invention, its technical scheme is：
A, the close ring bacterium of bottled solid that cultivates of purchase, before March December to next year, by the close ring bacterium cultivated from bottleneck
Locate downward borehole, the size in hole and the size of Gastrodia are adapted, while the Gastrodia being collected is put into hole, Gastrodia life
The summit of long cone upwards, and backfills Gastrodia surrounding with the close ring bacterium dug out, and fixes Gastrodia；
B, place 10-60 grams of growth in the bottle mouth position for fixing Gastrodia and promote thing, growth promote thing be by
Volume ratio is 1：1—1:15 oil cake and the mixture of lignite are constituted, and growth promotion thing are covered on Gastrodia, then
Surface is covered in as covering with grass or stalk again, after covering, is watered, it is In Shade；
C, the seed bottle placement shady place, and make indoor air relative humidity be maintained at 60- indoors that rhizoma Gastrodiae will have been planted
85%, temperature is maintained at 18-25 DEG C, guarantee humidity of watering in good time；If being put in outdoor, water daily once；When temperature is higher than 30 degree
When daily early, evening respectively water once；
D, to autumn rhizoma Gastrodiae it is ripe after, can adopt it is lower used as food, also can continue to put as flower ornamental, to next year
Bloom, result.
Growth described in step b promotes the mixture that thing is oil cake and lignite, and its volume ratio is oil cake：Lignite=1：
5-1：12.
Growth described in step b promotes the mixture that thing is oil cake and lignite, and its volume ratio is oil cake：Lignite=1：
9。
Growth described in step b promotes thing, and its placement amount is every bottle 45-50 grams.
The present invention is that the growth based on rhizoma Gastrodiae does not need soil, need to only have close ring bacterium supply nutrient, have suitable temperature, it is wet
The principle that degree can just grow, nutrition is supplied using the close ring bacterium of bottled solid, and under the induction that growth promotes thing, make close
Ring bacterium and rhizoma Gastrodiae symbiosis, the present invention compared with the prior art, there is some following substantial progress：
1st, bacterium material at least 85.7% is saved than traditional plant development：Traditional rhizoma Gastrodiae planting technology, average yield per mu about 250 is public
3500 kilograms of timber needed for jin rhizoma Gastrodiae, 1 kilogram of rhizoma Gastrodiae of production needs 14 kilograms of timber, using planting technology of the present invention, by most low yield
Amount, 1 kilogram of rhizoma Gastrodiae of production at most only needs 2 kilograms of bacterium materials, and timber requirement is only that tradition kind vegetation technique needs the 1/7 of bacterium material amount,
Bacterium material 85.7% is saved, if by maximum 0.5 kilogram of calculation of rhizoma Gastrodiae 1,1 kilogram of rhizoma Gastrodiae of production at most only needs 1 kilogram of bacterium material, timber
Requirement is only 1/14, saves bacterium material 92.9%；If by 10,000,000 kilograms of calculations of Output of Gastrodia elata, traditional planting rhizoma gastrodiae needs bacterium material 14000
Ten thousand kilograms, the technology of the present invention at most only needs 20,000,000 kilograms of timber.It is existing wealthy by kilogram/cubic metre of broad leaf tree specific gravity of wood 800
The leaf woods go out the calculating of cubic metre/mu of bacterium material 2, produce 10,000,000 kilograms of rhizoma Gastrodiaes, can at least reduce within 1 year felling hardwood forest 7.5 ten thousand
Mu, ecological benefits are surprising.
2nd, forest land 96% is saved than tradition plantation：The present invention due to can bottle plant, so using multilayer bracket can toward space send out
Exhibition, saves the area.Every square metre of the present invention can put 90 bottles, and minimum 22.5 kilogram/square metre of yield is calculated by land use rate 80%,
One layer is only placed, per mu yield compared with 250 kgs/acre of conventional art, can save forest land 96% up to 8000 kilograms.
3rd, unit output value is significantly improved.If being calculated by yuan/kilogram of gastrodia elata f. glauca present price 60, this technology per mu yield value is up to 48
Wan Yuan, only 1.5 ten thousand yuan of conventional art.Preferably, price is much higher for the numb shape of rhizoma Gastrodiae of inventive method plantation simultaneously.
Therefore, compared with traditional rhizoma Gastrodiae planting technology, the technology of the present invention has following advantage：1. greatly reduce
The planting cost of specific yield；2. yield is high, remarkable in economical benefits；3rd, stable yield, is conducive to the guarantee of product quality, product
Quality is just controllable from the source that close ring bacterium produces；4. it is applicable to large-scale industrialized production；5. space is saved, less with forest land,
Timber is used less, and ecological environment is protected to greatest extent.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is described further, but is not limited to embodiment.
Embodiment 1
Soilless culture rhizoma Gastrodiae method of the present invention, its technical scheme is：
A, the close ring bacterium of bottled solid that cultivates of purchase, before March December to next year, by the close ring bacterium cultivated from bottleneck
Locate downward borehole, the size in hole and the size of Gastrodia are adapted, while the Gastrodia being collected is put into hole, Gastrodia life
The summit of long cone upwards, and backfills Gastrodia surrounding with the close ring bacterium dug out, and fixes Gastrodia；
B, place 10-60 grams of growth in the bottle mouth position for fixing Gastrodia and promote thing, growth promote thing be by
Volume ratio is 1：1—1:15 oil cake and the mixture of lignite are constituted, and growth promotion thing are covered on Gastrodia, then
Surface is covered in as covering with grass or stalk again, after covering, is watered, it is In Shade；
C, the seed bottle placement shady place, and make indoor air relative humidity be maintained at 60- indoors that rhizoma Gastrodiae will have been planted
85%, temperature is maintained at 18-25 DEG C, guarantee humidity of watering in good time；If being put in outdoor, water daily once；When temperature is higher than 30 degree
When daily early, evening respectively water once；
D, to autumn rhizoma Gastrodiae it is ripe after, can adopt it is lower used as food, also can continue to put as flower ornamental, to next year
Bloom, result.
Embodiment 2
Growth described in step b promotes the mixture that thing is oil cake and lignite, and its volume ratio is oil cake：Lignite=1：
5-1：12.Remaining be the same as Example 1.
Embodiment 3
Growth described in step b promotes the mixture that thing is oil cake and lignite, and its volume ratio is oil cake：Lignite=1：
9.Remaining be the same as Example 1.
Embodiment 4
Growth described in step b promotes thing, and its placement amount is every bottle 45-50 grams.Remaining be the same as Example 1.
After the Beginning of Winter or spring gather hoary hair fiber crops.The ripe close ring bacterium of bottled solid is cultivated in purchase, is inwardly dug from bottle mouth position
Go out the close ring bacterium in part, depending on how much the close ring bacterium dug is according to actual conditions, if strain bottleneck is relatively small, the close ring dug
Depending on size of the mycorhiza according to selected hoary hair fiber crops, the space after close ring bacterium in bottle is dug untill it can put down hoary hair fiber crops, one is put into
Hoary hair fiber crops, make the summit of the numb growth cone of hoary hair just concordant with bottleneck, the close ring bacterium dug are placed on around hoary hair fiber crops, makes hoary hair
Fiber crops are fixed, then fix a bottomless cup in bottleneck, can be plastics, or papery, and rim of a cup upwards, puts 6-50 in cup
Gram or so growth promote thing, i.e. oil cake and lignite by volume 1：9 mixture, is then covered with grass or stalk
On；If strain bottleneck is big, digs the space decapacitation after close ring bacterium in bottle and put down hoary hair fiber crops, moreover it is possible to hold 6-50 grams of strain life
It is long to promote thing and appropriate covering, i.e., growth is filled without bottomless cup and promotes thing；By the good hoary hair of both approaches kind
The bottle of fiber crops is upright or lies against shady place（Or use lighttight seed bottle）, do not allow it to see sunlight, be allowed to growth.If in
It is indoor to be planted, a water is spread in bottleneck when finding that growth promotes thing dry and cracked, if planted outdoor, according to
Air humidity is kept the skin wet in good time, and the growing state of rhizoma Gastrodiae growth can be so observed daily, is grown up to autumn rhizoma Gastrodiae, after autumn day
Numb maturation can both be harvested, and also may continue as flower ornamental, be bloomed to next year, result.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of soilless culture rhizoma Gastrodiae method, is to use cultivation technique without soil, it is characterised in that its technical scheme is：
A, the bottled solid halimasch that cultivates of purchase, before March December to next year, by the halimasch cultivated from bottle mouth position to
Lower borehole, the size in hole and the size of Gastrodia are adapted, while the Gastrodia being collected is put into hole, Gastrodia growth cone
Summit upwards, and with dig out halimasch backfill Gastrodia surrounding, fix Gastrodia；
B, place 10-60 grams of growth in the bottle mouth position for fixing Gastrodia and promote thing, it is by volume that growth, which promotes thing,
Than for 1：1—1:15 oil cake and the mixture of lignite are constituted, and growth promotion thing is covered on Gastrodia, then used again
Grass or stalk are covered in surface as covering, after covering, water, In Shade；
C, the seed bottle placement shady place, and make indoor air relative humidity be maintained at 60-85% indoors that rhizoma Gastrodiae will have been planted,
Temperature is maintained at 18-25 DEG C, guarantee humidity of watering in good time；If being put in outdoor, water daily once；It is every when temperature is higher than 30 degree
Morning day, evening respectively water once；
D, to autumn rhizoma Gastrodiae it is ripe after, can adopt it is lower used as food, also can continue to put as flower ornamental, be opened to next year
Flower, result.
2. soilless culture rhizoma Gastrodiae method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the growth described in step b promotes
Thing is the mixture of oil cake and lignite, and its volume ratio is oil cake：Lignite=1：5-1：12.
3. soilless culture rhizoma Gastrodiae method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the growth described in step b promotes
Thing is the mixture of oil cake and lignite, and its volume ratio is oil cake：Lignite=1：9.
4. soilless culture rhizoma Gastrodiae method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the growth described in step b promotes
Thing, its placement amount is every bottle 45-50 grams.
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110089388A (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2019-08-06 | 保山华大智慧农业科技股份有限公司 | A kind of Rhizoma Gastrodiae soilless culture substrate |
| CN110150117B (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2021-07-13 | 宁德市乌岩农业有限公司 | Soilless culture method for gastrodia elata by using waste mushroom dregs |
| CN113207664A (en) * | 2021-06-02 | 2021-08-06 | 陕西美天易菇农业科技有限公司 | Industrial soilless gastrodia elata cultivation method |
| CN114208616B (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2023-08-01 | 西南林业大学 | Organic planting method of gastrodia elata |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1079102A (en) * | 1993-06-04 | 1993-12-08 | 陈忠平 | Indoor cultivation technique without soil for gastrodia |
| CN1372786A (en) * | 2001-08-08 | 2002-10-09 | 崔学发 | Efficient industrial cultivation technique of gastrodia tuber |
| JP2010029181A (en) * | 2008-06-27 | 2010-02-12 | Shin Nihon Seiyaku Co Ltd | Method for cultivating medicinal herb |
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2015
- 2015-04-13 CN CN201510171015.9A patent/CN104782461B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1079102A (en) * | 1993-06-04 | 1993-12-08 | 陈忠平 | Indoor cultivation technique without soil for gastrodia |
| CN1372786A (en) * | 2001-08-08 | 2002-10-09 | 崔学发 | Efficient industrial cultivation technique of gastrodia tuber |
| JP2010029181A (en) * | 2008-06-27 | 2010-02-12 | Shin Nihon Seiyaku Co Ltd | Method for cultivating medicinal herb |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 天麻共生蜜环菌菌包及替代菌材原料的筛选优化;刘冰等;《食用菌》;20121231(第04期);第23-26页 * |
| 天麻无土节能栽培技术;谭自春;《食用菌》;20071231(第04期);第47-48页 * |
| 天麻的新法栽培;赵家平等;《农村科学实验》;20011231(第12期);第29-30页 * |
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