CN101427635A - Sexual reproduction technique for polyporus umbellatus and cultivation method thereof - Google Patents
Sexual reproduction technique for polyporus umbellatus and cultivation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101427635A CN101427635A CNA2007100191526A CN200710019152A CN101427635A CN 101427635 A CN101427635 A CN 101427635A CN A2007100191526 A CNA2007100191526 A CN A2007100191526A CN 200710019152 A CN200710019152 A CN 200710019152A CN 101427635 A CN101427635 A CN 101427635A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 230000014639 sexual reproduction Effects 0.000 title claims description 11
- 244000171085 Polyporus umbellatus Species 0.000 title 1
- 235000004837 Polyporus umbellatus Nutrition 0.000 title 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 23
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 241001558929 Sclerotium <basidiomycota> Species 0.000 claims description 14
- 244000221226 Armillaria mellea Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000011569 Armillaria mellea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000018185 Betula X alpestris Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000018212 Betula X uliginosa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000345998 Calamus manan Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000000731 Fagus sylvatica Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010099 Fagus sylvatica Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000002615 epidermis Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012950 rattan cane Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000001568 sexual effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 241000222640 Polyporus Species 0.000 abstract description 7
- 241000293001 Oxytropis besseyi Species 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract 4
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001902 propagating effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 241001251949 Xanthium sibiricum Species 0.000 description 6
- 206010036590 Premature baby Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 244000144987 brood Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000576755 Sclerotia Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000221198 Basidiomycota Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010013786 Dry skin Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000222341 Polyporaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000222383 Polyporales Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000004880 Polyuria Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000011681 asexual reproduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013465 asexual reproduction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035619 diuresis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003028 elevating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002443 hepatoprotective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036737 immune function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033458 reproduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a polyporus sexual propagation technique and culture method thereof, comprising: 1, spore seedbed culture method: selecting suitable seedbed ground and hacking wood-blocks as fungus substrate, digging pits, scattering the shoestring fungus on wood-blocks and covering soil or rotten plants on the shoestring fungus, selecting good hypha to sow, timely collecting sporophore spores, shredding and broadcasting the sporophore on the fungus substrate, heeling the fungus substrate using rotten plant fine earth tree-leaves, artificial controlling temperature; 2, spore sexual propagation method, (1) wooden case and bamboo basket cultivation method, sawing the fungus substrate into short segments and planting the polyporus in the short segments using the same culture method with the pit culture method, artificial controlling temperature; (2) soiless culture method, culturing the polyporus using soiless pure sand in river using the same culture method with the pit culture method, the inoculation speed of mycelitha and the shoestring fungus is quick and the growth speed is fast; the sexual propagation organs-sporophore of polyporus is directly used, thus 'polyporus flower' is used as strain source, namely the spored on the polyporus flower is used for propagating with strong growing ability and higher yield.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of umbellate pore furgus sexual reproduction technique and cultural method thereof.
Background technology
Umbellate pore furgus belongs to the Basidiomycetes in the fungi, is Aphyllophorales, Polyporaceae, Polyporus, is the dry sclerotia of fungi umbellate pore furgus; Have clearing damp and promoting diuresis, promote immunologic function, hepatoprotective effect is to treasure traditional Chinese medicinal materials assortment, the huge market demand, and the supply breach is also big.The culture technique of present domestic umbellate pore furgus, adopting asexual reproduction method mostly is that sclerotium breeding method-umbellate pore furgus " parent nucleus " grows " daughter nucleus ", " daughter nucleus " grows " graddaughter " year life that continues again from generation to generation again; Vegetative propagation for heredity, causes the kind sexual involution of umbellate pore furgus through number, and reproduction coefficient takes off and subtracts, and sclerotium diminishes, and sprouts and reduces, and the cultivation cycle is long, and output descends, and the commodity value rate is low; Although also have sclerotia is carried out separate tissue, make one, two, three kind, carry out propagation production, but still be in the experiment demonstration phase.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention just provides a kind of umbellate pore furgus sexual reproduction technique and cultural method thereof, can be directly with sexual propagation organ-fruit body of umbellate pore furgus, so claim that " umbellate pore furgus " is provenance, promptly " umbellate pore furgus " last spore that produces carries out propagation production; It is strong to have growing power, the characteristics that output is higher.
The solution that realizes the object of the invention is: described a kind of umbellate pore furgus sexual reproduction technique and cultural method thereof, form by following steps:
1, spore seedbed cultural method:
(1), select the ground, seedbed should be at mountain, the southeast two Schattenseite, ground moistening contains and enriches the humus wasteland, covers coppice preferably;
(2), about 6 centimetres of March felling juggle diameters, long about 60 centimetres beech or birch are made the bacterium material;
(3), Jiao Keng need dig dark 30 centimetres, and is long 100 centimetres, wide 80 centimetres;
(4), having cut down at the bottom of the material section is layered on the cellar for storing things of having dug, stay one to refer to space, the left and right sides, sprinkle the armillaria mellea kind, fill out one deck corruption and plant matter soil, blinding thickness is advisable to lose juggle, adds lid layer Qinggang leaf again; After bottom is completed, repave one deck juggle, sprinkle the armillaria mellea kind, 8-12 centimetres of epidermis earthing cover weeds or leaf again above the soil layer;
(5), through 50-60 days, select for use well-grown mycelia to sow;
(6), 6, be the umbellate pore furgus fruit body spore mature period July, in time gather;
(7), when sowing dig and open seedbed soil, takes out upper strata bacterium material, with fruit body rub broken broadcast sowing or moistening fruit body torn to bits broadcast sowing on the bacterium material;
(8), cover one deck corruption and plant matter fine earth and leaf, again the bacterium material that takes out is repeated on the row, 10 centimetres of earthing can add 30% sand in pure soil, cover weeds and tree branches and leaves again;
(9), use the Artificial Control temperature, keep damp.
2, spore sexual reproduction method:
(1), wooden case and bamboo basket cultivation: new system wooden case or utilize second-hand wooden case cultivation umbellate pore furgus, the size of wooden case can move, the bacterium material that is sawn into short section is accompanied plant umbellate pore furgus, cultivation method is stored cultivation together; But different is also can by the Artificial Control temperature, move frescade or indoor during high temperature season to outdoor indoor, can heat indoor lighting a fire during low temperature season.As being fixed on indoor and outdoor with bamboo basket, the cultivation of rattan basket, cultivation method is with the wooden case cultivation.
(2), soilless culture method: with there not being the clean sandculture training of soil umbellate pore furgus in the river, cultivation method is with the wooden case cultivation, and it is fast that sclerotium and armillaria mellea connect bacterium, and growth rapidly.
The sexual propagation of umbellate pore furgus, utilizing sexual propagation organ-fruit body of umbellate pore furgus, fruit body exactly is the product spore structure of umbellate pore furgus, it is when summer and autumn, condition was suitable, and the sclerotium be born in the soil produces by burying, expose native face after, shape is like one clump of mushroom flower, so be called " umbellate pore furgus ".Ten hundreds of spores, just result from each aperture one tube under the small mushroom cap, have only when the curls inward of cap edge, when becoming lark or yellowish-brown by white, spore is just ripe, after planting could sprout, form mycelium, form sclerotium by mycelium further growth growth, after sclerotium fully combines with the shoestring of armillaria mellea, formed symbiotic relation, could ship prescribing adequate nutrition by rotten wood by shoestring, carry out a large amount of growth and breedings, just can utilize its spore to carry out sexual propagation and the production of umbellate pore furgus.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: 1. " seed " that be equivalent to higher plant of the spore through cultivating has dual inheritance, thereby vitality is strong, the output height; 2. with the direct plantation of fruit body-umbellate pore furgus of umbellate pore furgus, its technical difficulty is little, and is simple, and numerous medicinal herb growers are easy to the hints on operation that masters a skill, and the low repayment of investment is high, can enlarge the medicine source, increases medicinal herb grower's income.
Embodiment
A kind of umbellate pore furgus sexual reproduction technique and cultural method thereof, form by following steps:
One, spore seedbed cultural method:
Should select mountain, the southeast two Schattenseite to the seedbed, ground moistening contains and enriches humus matter wasteland, covers coppice preferably.About 6 centimetres of March felling juggle diameters, long about 60 centimetres beech or birch are made the bacterium material.Dark 30 centimetres of Jiao Keng, long 100 centimetres, wide 80 centimetres.Having cut down at the bottom of the material section is layered on the cellar for storing things of having dug, stay one to refer to space, the left and right sides, sprinkle the armillaria mellea kind, to fill out one deck corruption and plant matter soil, blinding thickness is advisable to lose juggle, adds lid layer Qinggang leaf again, is beneficial to send out a bacterium; After bottom is completed, repave one deck juggle, sprinkle the armillaria mellea kind, 8-12 centimetres of epidermis earthing cover weeds or leaf again above the soil layer, be beneficial to soil moisture conservation.Through 50～60 days, select for use well-grown mycelia to sow; Good or bacteria infection just can not be used for sowing as mycelia.Six, the July is the umbellate pore furgus fruit body spore mature period, and navel is dark when fruit body cap middle part, and look is by the xanthochromia brown, and it is thin that the edge changes, and is ripe when curls inward, in time gather ripe fruit body; Fruit body spore such as prematurity, can heel in humid soil indoor, wait for ripe several days standby.Dig during sowing and open seedbed soil, take out upper strata bacterium material, with fruit body rub broken broadcast sowing or moistening fruit body torn to bits broadcast sowing on the bacterium material; Cover one deck corruption then and plant matter fine earth and leaf, the bacterium material that takes out is repeated on the row again, 10 centimetres of (with the cultivation method) earthing also can add 30% sand in pure soil, be beneficial to ventilative, the also effect that can obtain increasing production; Cover weeds and tree branches and leaves again.Carry out scientific management, often control temperature with manual method; Umbellate pore furgus is cold-resistant cool, happiness is dark and damp, and the temperature range of suitable growth breeding is between 8～25 ℃, and the suitableeest ground temperature is 20 ℃, and soil moisture keeps damp between 15～25%, prevent ponding and trample.
Two, spore sexual reproduction method:
1, wooden case and bamboo basket cultivation method: utilize new system wooden case or second-hand wooden case cultivation umbellate pore furgus, the size of wooden case can move, and the bacterium material companion who is sawn into short section is planted umbellate pore furgus, and cultivation method is with the cellar for storing things cultivation; But different is also can by the Artificial Control temperature, move frescade or indoor during high temperature season to outdoor indoor, can heat indoor lighting a fire during low temperature season, moisture-heat preservation.As being fixed on indoor and outdoor and being not easy to move with bamboo basket, the cultivation of rattan basket, cultivation method is with the wooden case cultivation.
2, soilless culture method: with there not being the clean sandculture training of soil umbellate pore furgus in the river, cultivation method is with the wooden case cultivation, and it is fast that sclerotium and armillaria mellea connect bacterium, and growth rapidly.Shortcoming is the sand umbellate pore furgus cortex of easily growing into, difficult drop-off.
The umbellate pore furgus fruit body has the handle multi-branched by growing on the old Siberian cocklebur sclerotium and elevating above the soil, and there is a cap on every top, and it is hard and crisp that cap is done the back, circular middle part umbilical, and white or yellowish-brown, no ring grain, thin edge is and sharp, and to curls inward, cap and bacterial context are homochromy." umbellate pore furgus " 6, July are stretched out by shallow soil, but are difficult for finding, and few reason one is that the sclerotium earthing is too dark, and fruit body can not grown ground; The 2nd, sporophore growth is on weeds clump, backwoods, and people are difficult for finding; The 3rd, antecedent soil moisture, the not in good time fruit body of condition can not be grown; The 4th, unearthed about ten days ripe dryings of fruit body, life-span is extremely short, run into then perish of wet weather, after the fine spore maturation short of rain, wave with the wind, it is aerial to suspend, can propagate into far place, meet the air humidity ground of greatly just landing, contact with nutrient hypha and just sprout into young Siberian cocklebur sclerotium, a generation generation is bred into nest.Grasping the spore maturity is the key of sexual propagation, and the too early spore of fruit body collection is immature does not after planting sprout young Siberian cocklebur, and the spore maturation is launched does not away too late just have spore; Navel is dark when fruit body cap middle part, and look is by the xanthochromia brown, and it is thin that the edge changes, and shows that to curls inward spore is ripe, should gather at once; One piece of fruit body, nearly up to a hundred caps have tens thousand of of spore.
General plantation 500 grams " are planted nuclear ", just can receive 30 after three, four years surplus jin umbellate pore furgus.
Embodiment, sowing experiment observation situation
| Sowing time | The address the direction which a grave faces | The fruit body situation | Cultivating method | Observing time | Experimental result |
| On June 25th, 1978 | The recessed tailo of king family | The spore prematurity does not have rotten | Water capacity method | On December 5th, 1979 | There is not young Siberian cocklebur |
| On June 10th, 1979 | Black tree beam Schattenseite | The ripe cap curls inward of fruit body | Tear up sowing | On November 23rd, 1980 | A brood of 28 sclerotium, 1 gram that 15 big grams are little |
| On June 20th, 1979 | Black tree beam Schattenseite | Rotten prematurity | Water capacity method | On November 23rd, 1980 | There is not young Siberian cocklebur |
| On July 12nd, 1979 | Appoint tame ditch two Yinshan Mountains | Half ripe | Tear up sowing | On December 5th, 1980 | A brood of 3 sclerotium, 2 grammes per square metres |
| On July 12nd, 1979 | Appoint tame ditch two Yinshan Mountains | Ripe | Tear up sowing | On December 5th, 1980 | A brood of 11 sclerotium weigh 9 grams |
| On July 12nd, 1979 | Appoint tame ditch two Yinshan Mountains | Prematurity | Tear up sowing | On December 5th, 1980 | There is not young Siberian cocklebur |
| On July 12nd, 1979 | Appoint tame ditch two Yinshan Mountains | Prematurity | Tear up sowing | Do not observe | Preserve three cellars for storing things |
| On July 12nd, 1979 | Appoint tame ditch two Yinshan Mountains | Ripe | Tear up sowing | Do not observe | Preserve a cellar for storing things |
Claims (2)
1, a kind of umbellate pore furgus sexual reproduction technique and cultural method thereof is characterized in that being made up of following steps:
A, spore seedbed cultural method:
(1), select the ground, seedbed should be at mountain, the southeast two Schattenseite, ground moistening contains and enriches the humus wasteland, covers coppice preferably;
(2), about 6 centimetres of March felling juggle diameters, long about 60 centimetres beech or birch are made the bacterium material;
(3), Jiao Keng need dig dark 30 centimetres, and is long 100 centimetres, wide 80 centimetres;
(4), having cut down at the bottom of the material section is layered on the cellar for storing things of having dug, stay one to refer to space, the left and right sides, sprinkle the armillaria mellea kind, fill out one deck corruption and plant matter soil, blinding thickness is advisable to lose juggle, adds lid layer Qinggang leaf again; After bottom is completed, repave one deck juggle, sprinkle the armillaria mellea kind, 8-12 centimetres of epidermis earthing cover weeds or leaf again above the soil layer;
(5), through 50-60 days, select for use well-grown mycelia to sow;
(6), 6, be the umbellate pore furgus fruit body spore mature period July, in time gather;
(7), when sowing dig and open seedbed soil, takes out upper strata bacterium material, with fruit body rub broken broadcast sowing or moistening fruit body torn to bits broadcast sowing on the bacterium material;
(8), cover one deck corruption and plant matter fine earth and leaf, again the bacterium material that takes out is repeated on the row, 10 centimetres of earthing can add 30% sand in pure soil, cover weeds and tree branches and leaves again;
(9), use the Artificial Control temperature, keep damp;
B, spore sexual reproduction method:
(1), wooden case and bamboo basket cultivation method: utilize new system wooden case or second-hand wooden case cultivation umbellate pore furgus, the size of wooden case can move, and the bacterium material companion who is sawn into short section is planted umbellate pore furgus, and cultivation method is with the cellar for storing things cultivation; But different is also can by the Artificial Control temperature, move frescade or indoor during high temperature season to outdoor indoor, can heat indoor lighting a fire during low temperature season.As being fixed on indoor and outdoor and being not easy to move with bamboo basket, the cultivation of rattan basket, cultivation method is with the wooden case cultivation;
(2), soilless culture method: with there not being the clean sandculture training of soil umbellate pore furgus in the river, cultivation method is with the wooden case cultivation, and it is fast that sclerotium and armillaria mellea connect bacterium, and growth rapidly.
2, a kind of umbellate pore furgus sexual reproduction technique according to claim 1 and cultural method thereof is characterized in that manually operated temperature range between 8～25 ℃, and the suitableeest ground temperature is 20 ℃, and soil moisture is between 15～25%.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2007100191526A CN101427635A (en) | 2007-11-06 | 2007-11-06 | Sexual reproduction technique for polyporus umbellatus and cultivation method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2007100191526A CN101427635A (en) | 2007-11-06 | 2007-11-06 | Sexual reproduction technique for polyporus umbellatus and cultivation method thereof |
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| CN101427635A true CN101427635A (en) | 2009-05-13 |
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| CNA2007100191526A Pending CN101427635A (en) | 2007-11-06 | 2007-11-06 | Sexual reproduction technique for polyporus umbellatus and cultivation method thereof |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103922856A (en) * | 2014-04-30 | 2014-07-16 | 文县中盛农产品有限公司 | Cold-temperature matrix for cultivating agaric |
| CN105638248A (en) * | 2016-04-05 | 2016-06-08 | 河南中医学院 | Wild-planting-simulation cultivating method of polyporus |
| CN105900693A (en) * | 2016-06-06 | 2016-08-31 | 李文恒 | Field grifola basket culture device and method |
| CN108575548A (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2018-09-28 | 云南省农业科学院高山经济植物研究所 | A kind of implantation methods of NW YUNNAN umbellate pore furgus stable high yield |
| CN110122171A (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2019-08-16 | 董志乾 | Umbellate pore furgus fructification hayashishita high-yield planting method |
-
2007
- 2007-11-06 CN CNA2007100191526A patent/CN101427635A/en active Pending
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103922856A (en) * | 2014-04-30 | 2014-07-16 | 文县中盛农产品有限公司 | Cold-temperature matrix for cultivating agaric |
| CN103922856B (en) * | 2014-04-30 | 2015-09-30 | 文县中盛农产品有限公司 | A kind of cold warm nature matrix for cultivating umbellate pore furgus |
| CN105638248A (en) * | 2016-04-05 | 2016-06-08 | 河南中医学院 | Wild-planting-simulation cultivating method of polyporus |
| CN105900693A (en) * | 2016-06-06 | 2016-08-31 | 李文恒 | Field grifola basket culture device and method |
| CN105900693B (en) * | 2016-06-06 | 2022-02-18 | 陵川县森源中药材开发有限公司 | Device and method for cultivating grifola in field in basket |
| CN108575548A (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2018-09-28 | 云南省农业科学院高山经济植物研究所 | A kind of implantation methods of NW YUNNAN umbellate pore furgus stable high yield |
| CN108575548B (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2020-08-11 | 云南省农业科学院高山经济植物研究所 | High-yield and stable-yield planting method for Yunnan northwest polyporus umbellatus |
| CN110122171A (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2019-08-16 | 董志乾 | Umbellate pore furgus fructification hayashishita high-yield planting method |
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Application publication date: 20090513 |