CN104756804A - Method for preventing and controlling peach fruit moths in apples by means of desinsectization plants - Google Patents
Method for preventing and controlling peach fruit moths in apples by means of desinsectization plants Download PDFInfo
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- CN104756804A CN104756804A CN201510207465.9A CN201510207465A CN104756804A CN 104756804 A CN104756804 A CN 104756804A CN 201510207465 A CN201510207465 A CN 201510207465A CN 104756804 A CN104756804 A CN 104756804A
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- expelling parasite
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Abstract
The invention disclsoses a method for preventing and controlling peach fruit moths in apples by means of desinsectization plants. The method comprises the steps that the desinsectization plants are planted in line spaces or row spaces of an apple orchard to expel adult peach fruit moths, oviposition of the adult peach fruit moths on apple tree bodies and the apples is prevented, population density of peach fruit moths is reduced, and the rate of intact fruit is improved; when leaves of the desinsectization plants dry up in autumn, the whole desinsectization plants can be applied in tree disk fertilization caves along with organic fertilizer to expel overwintering generation adult peach fruit moths who live through the winter in the apple orchard. The desinsectization plants comprise marigold, maidenhair, bugbane I or bugbane II. During the year in which the desinsectization plants are planted, the insect damage rate of fruits can be significantly reduced, after planting the desinsectization plants for three consecutive years, the average insect fruit rate of the fourth year and the fifth year is 0 percent, the effect of preventing and controlling the peach fruit moths by means of the desinsectization plants is significant, use of chemical insecticide is greatly avoided, the method for preventing and controlling the peach fruit moths in the apples by means of the desinsectization plants conforms to the planting industry development demand in future, the risk of environmental pollution is reduced, and the safety index of the fruits is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of natural biological prevention and controls for preventing and treating apple peach fruit borer, belonging to pest and disease control of fruit trees field.
Background technology
Current China cultivated area of the apple is up to more than 3,800 ten thousand mu, and Shandong Province economizes as plantation sparetime university, and cultivated area of the apple reaches more than 460 ten thousand mu.For prevention and elimination of disease and pests, in apple development process, orchard worker adopts bagging processing method usually, and current Apple Bags area under cultivation accounts for more than 90%.Because Apple Bags needs a large amount of labours, more than 60% of current orchard Meteorological is all used in be bought paper bag, bagging and plucks in the labour cost of bag, and the light that can block 39.2% after bagging is shining into cella, have impact on photosynthesis, reduce the health index of apple tree, cause the agricultural chemicals in whole orchard to drop into and strengthen.Increase along with labor cost and the demand to environmental protection, apple not pocket culture has become the direction of development and the certainty of apple production.
Peach fruit borer is the primary pest of harm Apple, and as prevented and treated not in time, the serious time can be reached more than 30% by the fruit endangered.Except pocket culture, the most general current peach fruit borer prevention and controls is spray high toxicity agricultural chemicals at least three times.As everyone knows, agricultural chemicals easily remains, thus reduces the safety index of fruit, adds the cost that orchard worker drops into; In addition, a large amount of uses of agricultural chemicals, remains of pesticide enters in soil, underground water or river, and is difficult to decompose, contaminated environment.Therefore, under no bag cultivation condition, the control how carrying out nontoxic low cost to peach fruit borer is a great problem that current Apple production faces.
Summary of the invention
For the problems referred to above, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of method utilizing expelling parasite plant prevention apple peach fruit borer, nonhazardous and cost is low, to make up the deficiencies in the prior art.
Aztec marigold and French marigold all belong to the herbaceous plant of composite family, and each organ of its plant all can distribute the natural insecticide of Dalmatian chrysanthemum class naturally, and its leaf and flower can also produce a kind of smelly smell, some insect of double action repellent.But, Aztec marigold and French marigold seeds abortion rate reach 95%, be difficult to obtain a large amount of seed, therefore, the present invention is by utilizing Aztec marigold and French marigold hybridization, and seed selection anthelminthic effect is similar to two parents, and is convenient to the crossbreed expelling parasite plant of natural propagation, through 3 years selection cross, have selected from No. 1 high, expelling parasite grass of bow structure kind rate and No. 2, expelling parasite grass.
Based on the feature of above-mentioned plant, the technical scheme that the present invention realizes walking quickly and keeping away peach fruit borer is as follows:
First apple orchard in the ranks or plant expelling parasite plant between strain, to expel the adult of peach fruit borer, prevention adult lay eggs on apple tree and fruit, reduce insect density, improve healthy fruit; After planting water; After expelling parasite in autumn plant leaf blade is withered, whole strain expelling parasite plant is applied in tree dish fertilising cave, can apply together with fertilizer, survive the winter in apple orchard to drive winter generation adult.
Described expelling parasite plant is Aztec marigold, French marigold, No. 1, expelling parasite grass or No. 2, expelling parasite grass.
Described No. 1, expelling parasite grass and No. 2, expelling parasite grass utilize Aztec marigold and French marigold hybridization, and seed selection anthelminthic effect is similar to two parents, and easy self-flowering fruiting, is convenient to the crossbreed expelling parasite plant of natural propagation simultaneously; And No. 1, expelling parasite grass and No. 2, expelling parasite grass are in late March sowing, start August to gather withered flower, then drying and crushing, collect seed and are used for sowing.
The described expelling parasite planting phase is late March, and it is late October in the same year that expelling parasite plant applies fruit tree dish lower period.
Described expelling parasite plant can hug ditch at seeding time and directly sow, also can seedling raising and transplanting.
Described expelling parasite planting area and trunk spacing about 40 ~ 50cm, 2-5 is capable in plantation.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: by plantation insect protected plant: Aztec marigold, French marigold, No. 1, expelling parasite grass and No. 2, expelling parasite grass, plantation all obviously can reduce the insect pest rate of fruit then, and expels the effect of peach fruit borer not have significant difference between four kinds of expelling parasite plants.Test proves: for the orchard of the chemical pesticide control do not used for peach fruit borer, and continuously plantation expelling parasite plant is after 3 years, and the 4th year and the 5th annual wormed fruit rate are 0%; And the chemical pesticide wormed fruit rate such as contrast phoxim, the little spirit of peach is always more than 2%, not only control efficiency is remarkable to utilize expelling parasite plant prevention peach fruit borer, and the use of chemical insecticide can be largely avoid, comply with the demand of plant husbandry sustainable development from now on, reduce the risk of environmental pollution, improve the safety index of fruit.
Embodiment
Below by specific embodiment, and further describe the present invention in conjunction with comparative example.
Embodiment 1-4 and comparative example are all selected from the apple orchard of areal, apple orchard in the present invention is selected from Qingdao Jiaozhou City and proving ground, Laoshan Fuji apple orchard two, test in continuous 5 years, in annual late October investigation insect pest, investigation fruit wormed fruit rate, output and fruit quality.
embodiment 1:
Expelling parasite planting: late March, seedling raising and transplanting, the capable Aztec marigold of fruit tree line space trunk 50cm place plantation 3-4, because marigold seeds is not easy to obtain, is carried out in apple orchard.Permeable one time is watered after transplanting seedlings.Aztec marigold plant height is no more than 40cm, does not affect Photosynthesis of Fruit, in the ranks and between strain simultaneously planting in apple orchard.
Without the need to special fertilising between Aztec marigold planting season, can bloom by self-sow in orchard, in plantation late October then in conjunction with orchard manure use, the stalk of expelling parasite grass is together applied in tree dish fertilising cave, waters flood after burying soil one time.
Continuous in orchard planting Aztec marigold 5 years according to the method described above.
Applications of pesticide method: First Year late May ~ early June rain after every mu, underground use phoxim 1kg, early August spray beta-cypermethrin 2000 times; Second Year orchard is only at early August spray beta-cypermethrin 2000 times; 3rd year to the 5th year inactive all control peach fruit borer agricultural chemicals.
embodiment 2:
Expelling parasite planting: late March is the capable French marigold of fruit tree line space trunk 50cm place plantation 2-4.Because French marigold seed is not easy to obtain, carry out seedling raising and transplanting.Permeable one time is watered after transplanting seedlings.French marigold plant is higher, only in the ranks plants in fruit tree.
Between planting season, do not need special fertilising, fruit tree in the ranks self-sow bloom.When French marigold growth plant height is greater than more than 40cm, can cut once apart from 20cm place, ground, the French marigold cauline leaf cut off is layered on tree dish.In planting late October then in conjunction with orchard manure use, the stalk of French marigold together being applied in tree dish fertilising cave, waters flood after burying soil one time.
Continuous in orchard planting French marigold 5 years according to the method described above.
Applications of pesticide method: with embodiment 1.
embodiment 3:
Expelling parasite planting: expelling parasite grass No. 1 seed is easy to get, and plant height is generally no more than 30cm, can broadcast sowing in the full garden of late March, also can in the ranks hug ditch sowing 3-5 apple tree capable so that orchard operation at ordinary times, water permeable one time after plantation.
Without the need to special fertilising between planting season, in orchard, self-sow is bloomed, and in planting late October then in conjunction with orchard manure use, the stalk of expelling parasite grass together being applied in tree dish fertilising cave, waters flood one time after burying soil.
According to the method described above continuous orchard planting expelling parasite grass No. 15 years.
Applications of pesticide method: with embodiment 1.
embodiment 4:
Expelling parasite planting: expelling parasite grass No. 2 seeds are easy to get, plant height 30 ~ 50cm.It is capable so that orchard operation at ordinary times that late March hugs ditch sowing 3-4 in the ranks in fruit tree, waters permeable one time after plantation.
Without the need to special fertilising between planting season, in orchard, self-sow is bloomed, and in planting late October then in conjunction with orchard manure use, the stalk of expelling parasite grass together being applied in tree dish fertilising cave, waters flood one time after burying soil.The expelling parasite grass No. 2 seed Second Years be buried in the earth then still can regerminate, therefore, also autumn then expelling parasite grass No. 2 stalks together can be turned in underground together with plantation planting, early April in next year can send new Plantlet formation expelling parasite grass region of growth, without the need to reseeding.
Applications of pesticide method: with embodiment 1.
comparative example 1:
Contrast apple orchard late May ~ early June rain after every mu, underground use phoxim 1kg, mid-June is spraying insecticide peach little clever 800 times and each one time of early August spray beta-cypermethrin 2000 times on the ground, the method continuous administration 5 years.
The result of the test (see table 1 and table 2) of continuous 5 years, the control group wormed fruit rate in 2 orchards is 3.6% and 3.5% on the 1st year, several years afterwards, though wormed fruit rate has certain reduction, but still remain on 2.0%, to scale plantation orchard, the wormed fruit rate of 2.0% is still very important loss; With contrast orchard and compare, between 3.2%-2.0%, within the 2nd year, wormed fruit rate was only up to 1.6% in the 1st year for 4 experimental group wormed fruit rates, within the 3rd year, namely all reduced to 0% to test, and the 4th, 5 year is also 0%.Result shows that 4 kinds of expelling parasite plants are very effective to the control of peach fruit borer, and the anthelminthic effect between 4 kinds of expelling parasite plants does not have marked difference.In addition, investigation also finds experimental group to apple production, fruit quality etc. all without having no significant effect.
5 years expelling parasite vegetal tests fruits wormed fruit rate (%) in paved set Fuji apple garden, Jiangzhou, table 1 Qingdao
5 years expelling parasite vegetal tests wormed fruit rate (%) in Fuji apple garden, fruit tea institute's Laoshan proving ground, table 2 Qingdao academy of agricultural sciences
| Sequence number | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 |
| Embodiment 1 | 2.8 | 1.0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Embodiment 2 | 3.0 | 0.5 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Embodiment 3 | 2.0 | 1.0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Embodiment 4 | 2.5 | 1.2 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Comparative example | 3.5 | 3.0 | 2.0 | 2.2 | 2.0 |
Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand, and in protection scope of the present invention, modifies for above-described embodiment, and it is all possible for adding and replacing, and it does not all exceed protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. utilize a method for expelling parasite plant prevention apple peach fruit borer, it is characterized in that: first annual late March apple orchard in the ranks or plant expelling parasite plant between strain; Then whole strain expelling parasite plant applies in fruit tree dish fertilising cave by late October in the same year.
2. the method for control apple peach fruit borer according to claim 1, is characterized in that described expelling parasite plant is Aztec marigold, French marigold, No. 1, expelling parasite grass or No. 2, expelling parasite grass.
3. the method for control apple peach fruit borer according to claim 2, it is characterized in that No. 1, described expelling parasite grass or No. 2, expelling parasite grass utilize Aztec marigold and French marigold hybridization, seed selection anthelminthic effect is similar to two parents, and easy self-flowering fruiting, is convenient to the crossbreed expelling parasite plant of natural propagation simultaneously.
4. the method for control apple peach fruit borer according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that being applied together with fertilizer by expelling parasite plant in fruit tree dish fertilising cave.
5. the method for control apple peach fruit borer according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that described expelling parasite plant is directly sowed or seedling raising and transplanting for hugging ditch at seeding time.
6. the method for control apple peach fruit borer according to claim 1, is characterized in that described expelling parasite planting area and trunk spacing 40-50cm, and 2-5 is capable in plantation.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106034949A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-10-26 | 浙江森禾种业股份有限公司 | Cuttage propagation method for Kolkwitzia amabilis 'Pink Cloud' |
| CN106719781A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-05-31 | 徐海燕 | A kind of temp-sensitive, slow-releasing agricultural chemicals of utilization expelling parasite plant prevention oriental fruit months and preparation method thereof |
| CN108040769A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2018-05-18 | 吉林大学 | Between plant the method for peppermint and China tree prevention and control sealwort pest and disease damage |
| CN108718879A (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2018-11-02 | 会东县铅锌镇龙凤家庭农场 | It is a kind of to exempt from bagging winter peach implantation methods using flue-cured tobacco wastes |
| CN108934677A (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2018-12-07 | 山东农业大学 | A kind of method that apple orchard mixing sward attracts breeding natural enemy prevention and treatment Apple Pests |
| CN114451199A (en) * | 2022-03-10 | 2022-05-10 | 山东滨州国家农业科技园区管理服务中心(滨州黄河三角洲高效生态产业现代技术研究院) | Jujube tree insect repelling method, greenhouse and insect repellent |
| CN114916365A (en) * | 2022-05-18 | 2022-08-19 | 宁夏农林科学院园艺研究所(宁夏设施农业工程技术研究中心) | Fruit tree planting auxiliary system and management method |
| CN115088549A (en) * | 2022-07-21 | 2022-09-23 | 天津市农业科学院 | Cultivation method for preventing and controlling northern fruit tree pod borers by planting special green manure crop combination |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106034949A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-10-26 | 浙江森禾种业股份有限公司 | Cuttage propagation method for Kolkwitzia amabilis 'Pink Cloud' |
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| CN108040769A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2018-05-18 | 吉林大学 | Between plant the method for peppermint and China tree prevention and control sealwort pest and disease damage |
| CN108040769B (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2020-06-05 | 吉林大学 | Method for preventing and controlling plant diseases and insect pests of polygonatum sibiricum by interplanting mint and chinaberry |
| CN108718879A (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2018-11-02 | 会东县铅锌镇龙凤家庭农场 | It is a kind of to exempt from bagging winter peach implantation methods using flue-cured tobacco wastes |
| CN108934677A (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2018-12-07 | 山东农业大学 | A kind of method that apple orchard mixing sward attracts breeding natural enemy prevention and treatment Apple Pests |
| CN114451199A (en) * | 2022-03-10 | 2022-05-10 | 山东滨州国家农业科技园区管理服务中心(滨州黄河三角洲高效生态产业现代技术研究院) | Jujube tree insect repelling method, greenhouse and insect repellent |
| CN114451199B (en) * | 2022-03-10 | 2023-03-10 | 山东滨州国家农业科技园区管理服务中心(滨州黄河三角洲高效生态产业现代技术研究院) | Jujube tree insect repelling method, greenhouse and insect repellent |
| CN114916365A (en) * | 2022-05-18 | 2022-08-19 | 宁夏农林科学院园艺研究所(宁夏设施农业工程技术研究中心) | Fruit tree planting auxiliary system and management method |
| CN114916365B (en) * | 2022-05-18 | 2023-05-02 | 宁夏农林科学院园艺研究所(宁夏设施农业工程技术研究中心) | Fruit tree planting auxiliary system and management method |
| CN115088549A (en) * | 2022-07-21 | 2022-09-23 | 天津市农业科学院 | Cultivation method for preventing and controlling northern fruit tree pod borers by planting special green manure crop combination |
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