CN114451199B - Jujube tree insect repelling method, greenhouse and insect repellent - Google Patents

Jujube tree insect repelling method, greenhouse and insect repellent Download PDF

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CN114451199B
CN114451199B CN202210234873.3A CN202210234873A CN114451199B CN 114451199 B CN114451199 B CN 114451199B CN 202210234873 A CN202210234873 A CN 202210234873A CN 114451199 B CN114451199 B CN 114451199B
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greenhouse
jujube
insect
dandelions
jujube tree
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CN114451199A (en
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李庆军
燕国辉
靳文凯
刘荣昌
马建
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Shandong Binzhou National Agricultural Science And Technology Park Management Service Center Binzhou Yellow River Delta Efficient Ecological Industry Modern Technology Research Institute
Institute of Applied Ecology of CAS
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Shandong Binzhou National Agricultural Science And Technology Park Management Service Center Binzhou Yellow River Delta Efficient Ecological Industry Modern Technology Research Institute
Institute of Applied Ecology of CAS
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00—Protecting plants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/04—Supports for hops, vines, or trees
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/35—Bulbs; Alliums, e.g. onions or leeks
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00—Botany in general
    • A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/14—Greenhouses
    • A01G9/1407—Greenhouses of flexible synthetic material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/22—Shades or blinds for greenhouses, or the like
    • A01G9/222—Lamellar or like blinds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
    • A01G9/246—Air-conditioning systems
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
    • A01N37/44—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a nitrogen atom attached to the same carbon skeleton by a single or double bond, this nitrogen atom not being a member of a derivative or of a thio analogue of a carboxylic group, e.g. amino-carboxylic acids
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
    • A01N37/44—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a nitrogen atom attached to the same carbon skeleton by a single or double bond, this nitrogen atom not being a member of a derivative or of a thio analogue of a carboxylic group, e.g. amino-carboxylic acids
    • A01N37/46—N-acyl derivatives
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of jujube tree insect repelling, and particularly relates to a jujube tree insect repelling method, a greenhouse and an insect repellent. The plant odor insect expelling method is matched with a novel greenhouse mechanism and an insect repellant, and adopts automatic operation, so that the operation is safer and more convenient; after the pesticide is used for 1 hour, the density of pests such as lygus, jujube gall midge, jujube armyworm and the like can be reduced from 21-24 pests/square meter to 0-1 pest/square meter, the high-quality fruit rate reaches 86% -93% under the condition of not using the pesticide, and the blank control high-quality fruit rate is 22% -34%; in addition, the method reduces the labor force by 25-40%, and improves the safety of the jujube.

Description

Jujube tree insect repelling method, greenhouse and insect repellent
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of jujube tree insect repelling, and particularly relates to a jujube tree insect repelling method, a greenhouse and an insect repellent.
Background
Jujube tree, jujube plant of Rhamnaceae, deciduous small arbor, jujube tree kernel fruit is rectangle round or long oval round, turns red purple after ripening, mesocarp meat is thick, sweet, nutritious, can be used for fresh food or preparing snack, snacks, wine or other beverage.
The pests are one of the key factors influencing the high quality and the high yield of the jujube trees. The plant bug, the jujube gall midge and the jujube armyworm are common pests in the growth process of jujube trees. If the pests cannot be removed in time, tender shoots, leaves, buds and fruits of the jujube trees can be damaged, so that the jujube trees grow badly, the blossoming and fruiting are influenced, and in severe cases, dead-born trees and even dead trees can be caused.
The current method commonly used for controlling pests is to directly spray pesticides. Although the pesticide spraying can quickly remove pests on the jujube trees, a large amount of pesticide can be remained on the ripe jujubes, and the eating safety of the jujubes is difficult to guarantee. In addition, the detection of the insect pests by the traditional method is lagged, and special people are required to observe and process the insect pests.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a jujube tree insect expelling method, a greenhouse and an insect repellant. The insect expelling method is matched with the greenhouse and the insect expelling agent, so that the high-quality, high-yield and safe jujube can be ensured under the condition of not using the insect expelling agent, and meanwhile, the automatic operation is adopted, so that the labor is saved, and the operation is safer and more convenient.
In one aspect, the invention provides a jujube tree insect-expelling method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Planting jujube trees in a greenhouse, enabling the jujube trees to grow according to the shape of a jujube tree support through operations such as regular pruning, binding and the like, and planting leeks or/and dandelions among rows of the jujube trees;
(2) Detecting pest density of the jujube trees by a sensor, and detecting the heights of the Chinese chives and/or the dandelions when the pest density of the jujube trees is detected to exceed a preset value of 20 pests per square meter;
(3) When the heights of the Chinese chives and/or the dandelions also meet the requirements, starting the mower, and carrying out interlaced mowing and crushing on the Chinese chives and/or the dandelions;
(4) Spraying an insect repellent to the Chinese chives or/and the dandelions and the jujube trees by the pesticide spraying device, starting an induced draft fan at an air outlet at the top of the greenhouse after spraying the insect repellent for 10-30 minutes, then opening an air inlet at the bottom of the greenhouse, and enabling insects to fly out of an air outlet at the top of the greenhouse under the action of pungent taste generated after the Chinese chives or/and the dandelions react with the pesticide and wind power;
(5) After the induced draft fan is started for 30-60 minutes, the sensor detects the density of the jujube tree pests again, and when the density of the pests is lower than 2 pests per square meter, the induced draft fan at the air outlet of the greenhouse and the air inlet at the bottom of the greenhouse are closed;
and (4) if the pest density is higher than the preset value of 2 per square meter, repeating the steps (2) to (4).
Preferably, the Chinese chives and the dandelions are sowed in a mixed mode according to the ratio of 1.
The scheme is further improved, the row spacing of the jujube trees is 4 meters, the plant spacing is 1.5 meters, and the distance corresponds to the distance between the jujube tree supports one by one;
when the height of the Chinese chives or the dandelions is more than 15cm, the Chinese chives or the dandelions can be mown, and meanwhile, the Chinese chives or the dandelions are sprayed with the insect repellent in a matching way, wherein the using amount of the insect repellent is 3-5kg per mu.
On the other hand, the invention provides a greenhouse for the date tree insect-repelling method, wherein a plurality of rows of greenhouse upright columns are arranged in the greenhouse, and a group of steel date tree supports are arranged between every two adjacent rows of greenhouse upright columns;
each group of jujube tree support comprises two rows of symmetrical branch supports. The lower part of each group of jujube tree support is vertical, and the upper part is furled. The top of the jujube tree support is connected with the upper framework of the greenhouse.
A plastic film is fixed on the outer side of the upper framework of the greenhouse;
the upper framework positioned on the jujube tree support is provided with a plurality of air outlets, and the air outlets are fixedly provided with induced draft fans.
The scheme is further improved, a sunshade net framework is fixed at the top of the greenhouse and is connected with greenhouse stand columns. The sunshade net framework is covered with a sunshade net. By adopting the technical scheme, the illumination and the temperature can be adjusted.
The scheme is further improved, and the upper parts of the branch brackets which are symmetrically distributed in each group are in a furling shape. By adopting the technical scheme, the planting of the leeks and/or the dandelions at the bottom and the concentrated spraying of the medicament at the top are facilitated.
The scheme is further improved, air inlets are formed in the periphery of the greenhouse, the inner sides of the air inlets are covered with insect-proof nets, the outer sides of the air inlets are covered with plastic films, and the plastic films can be opened and closed through the driving of the film rolling machine. The rest parts of the periphery of the greenhouse are covered and fixed with plastic films. The air inlet penetrates through the whole greenhouse along the horizontal direction. By adopting the technical scheme, the induced draft fan and the air inlet form flowing air flow from bottom to top.
This scheme is further improved, and the lawn mower has been placed to the big-arch shelter, has placed the first medicine device that spouts on the lawn mower, and the first nozzle that spouts the medicine device is towards leek or the dandelion direction on ground. By adopting the technical scheme, the insect repellent can promote the smell of the crushed Chinese chives and/or the dandelion to be quickly volatilized into the air, and is helpful for quickly repelling insects.
This scheme is further improved, is fixed with the second on last skeleton and spouts the medicine device, and the second spouts the nozzle of medicine device and faces jujube tree direction.
The invention provides an insect repellent for the jujube tree insect repelling method, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 -10 -10 -7 4-6 parts of mol/L endothelin, 2-5 parts of glycine, 3-8 parts of alanine and 100 parts of water. By adopting the technical scheme, residual pests are sprayed, and the endothelin with low concentration in the jujube greenhouse can make the smell sense of the pests become abnormal sensitive, thereby being convenient for expelling the pests.
The scheme is further improved, and the preparation method of the insect repellent comprises the following steps: the pH of the water was adjusted to 5.97 using NaOH and HCl standard solutions, endothelin, glycine and alanine were added to the water separately, and then the pH of the solution was adjusted to 5.97 using NaOH and HCl standard solutions for further use.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The traditional method of spraying insecticide and the like to prevent and control pests can cause pesticide residues on the jujube fruits and harm the physical health of consumers. The method of adding the insect repellent without toxic and side effects into the plant odor guarantees the insect repelling effect and simultaneously guarantees the safety of the jujube fruits.
(2) The invention adopts an automatic operation method, can automatically and accurately detect and expel pests, effectively reduces the labor cost and improves the insect expelling efficiency.
(3) The invention leads the jujube tree to grow according to the shape of the jujube tree support through operations of regular pruning, binding and the like. The air outlet that is used for the expelling parasite is had between two lines of outriggers in the big-arch shelter the inside, plants leek or/and dandelion between jujube tree, and whole device layout and vegetation are planted rationally, realization expelling parasite that can be quick.
(4) The method reduces pesticide usage, is beneficial to environment, and reduces pest drug resistance.
(5) Endothelin is an active polypeptide consisting of 21 amino acid residues, is an endogenous long-acting vasoconstrictor and has strong positive inotropic action. Endothelin is involved in the regulation of functions such as central circulation and endocrine in animals. Endothelin exerts pleiotropic effects in animal olfactory epithelial cells as an anti-apoptotic (senescence) and proliferative factor. Researches find that the endothelin is a main paracrine and seed secretion regulating factor in olfactory organs of common jujube pests such as lygus, jujube gall midge, jujube armyworm and the like. The endothelin with low concentration in the jujube greenhouse can make the smell sense of the pests become abnormal sensitive, thus facilitating the insect expelling.
The leek also contains volatile essential oil and sulfide such as propylene sulfide. The glycine and the alanine can promote the odor of the crushed Chinese chives and the dandelion to be quickly volatilized into the air, and are helpful for quickly expelling the insects.
(6) The invention can reduce the density of pests such as lygus, jujube gall midge, jujube armyworm and the like from 21-24 pests per square meter to 0-1 pest per square meter after being used for 1 hour. Under the condition of not using pesticides, the high-quality fruit rate reaches 76% -83%, while the blank control high-quality fruit rate is 22% -34%, and the labor force is reduced by 25% -40%.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments or technical solutions in the prior art of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is an overall structure diagram of the greenhouse of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a view showing the structure of the greenhouse of the present invention (the sunshade net, the film rolling machine and the top plastic film are not shown).
Fig. 3 is a structural diagram of the position relationship among the insect-proof net, the plastic film and the film rolling machine at the air inlet.
In the figure, 1, a jujube tree support, 2, greenhouse columns, 3, an upper framework, 4, a plastic film, 5, an insect-proof net, 6, an air outlet, 7, an air inlet, 8, a sun-shading net, 9 and a film rolling machine are arranged.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiment of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
a greenhouse suitable for expelling insects from jujube trees is characterized in that a plurality of rows of greenhouse upright columns are arranged in the greenhouse, and a group of steel jujube tree supports are arranged between every two adjacent rows of greenhouse upright columns;
each group of jujube tree support comprises two symmetrical branch supports. The lower part of each group of jujube tree support is vertical, the upper part is furled, and the top is connected with the upper framework of the greenhouse. The upper part of the upper framework of the greenhouse is fixed with a plastic film.
The upper framework of the greenhouse is provided with a plurality of air outlets, and the air outlets are fixedly provided with induced draft fans.
The top of the greenhouse is fixed with a sunshade net framework, and the sunshade net framework is connected with greenhouse upright posts. The sunshade net framework is covered and fixed with the sunshade net.
The periphery of the greenhouse is provided with an air inlet, the inner side of the air inlet is covered with an insect-proof net, the outer side of the air inlet is covered with a plastic film, and the plastic film can be opened and closed by being driven by a film rolling machine. The rest parts of the periphery of the greenhouse are covered and fixed with plastic films. The air inlet penetrates through the whole greenhouse along the horizontal direction.
The insect repellant for the jujube tree insect repelling method comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 -10 -10 -7 4-6 parts of mol/L endothelin, 2-5 parts of glycine, 3-8 parts of alanine and 100 parts of water.
The preparation method of the insect repellent comprises the following steps: the pH of the water was adjusted to 5.97 using NaOH and HCl standard solutions, endothelin, glycine and alanine were added to the water separately, and then the pH of the solution was adjusted to 5.97 using NaOH and HCl standard solutions for further use.
The insect expelling method for jujube trees occurs 7 days before the germination of jujube trees to the fruit picking period, and the monitoring is carried out once every 7 to 15 days. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) The jujube trees are planted in the greenhouse, and the jujube trees grow according to the shape of the jujube tree support through operations of regular pruning, binding and the like. The row spacing of the jujube trees is 4 meters, the plant spacing is 1.5 meters, and the distance corresponds to the distance between the jujube tree supports one by one; planting leeks and/or dandelions among rows of the jujube tree, and sowing the leeks and the dandelions in a mixed manner according to the ratio of 1.
(2) Detecting pest density of the jujube trees by a sensor, and detecting the heights of the Chinese chives and/or the dandelions when the pest density of the jujube trees is detected to exceed a preset value (20 pests per square meter). For the jujube tree pest detection sensor, a high-image sensor (gamma ray, ultraviolet ray, X ray or infrared ray, etc.) or a sound detection sensor, etc. can be adopted, for example, a wireless grain pest monitoring system of Shanxi Zhonggu science and technology, inc., and a principle patent thereof (CN 201110115813.1, a method and a wireless sensor device capable of simultaneously detecting the types and the quantity of grain pests) is also introduced. For the height of Chinese chives or dandelion, a market height measuring instrument is adopted, such as Kenzhi CMOS laser displacement sensor IL series.
(3) A mower is arranged between each group of branch frames, and when the height of the Chinese chives or the dandelions reaches more than 15cm, the Chinese chives or the dandelions can be mowed; starting the mower, and mowing and crushing the Chinese chives or/and the dandelions; the mower can adopt a crawler-type mower, the direction and the speed can be controlled remotely, and a track is not needed; in addition, in order to avoid the situation that the Chinese chives and/or the dandelions are not high enough but need to deinsectization, the Chinese chives and/or the dandelions can be mowed one line at intervals, and spare Chinese chives and/or dandelions are guaranteed to be available at any time.
A first pesticide spraying device is arranged on the mower, a nozzle of the first pesticide spraying device faces to the direction of Chinese chives and/or dandelions on the ground, the Chinese chives and/or the dandelions are mown and smashed by the mower and then scattered on the ground, and then the first pesticide spraying device attached to the mower sprays a pesticide.
A second pesticide spraying device is fixed on the upper framework, and a nozzle of the second pesticide spraying device faces the direction of the jujube tree.
(4) Spraying an insect repellent on the Chinese chives or/and the dandelions and the jujube trees by the pesticide spraying device, starting a draught fan at an air outlet at the top of the greenhouse after spraying the insect repellent for 10-30 minutes, then opening an air inlet at the bottom of the greenhouse, and enabling insects to fly out of an air outlet at the top of the greenhouse under the action of pungent taste generated after the Chinese chives or/and the dandelions react with the pesticide and wind power; the amount of the insect repellent is 3-5kg per mu when the mowing is carried out.
(5) After the induced draft fan is started for 30-60 minutes, the sensor detects the pest density of the jujube trees again, and when the pest density is lower than a preset value (2 pests per square meter), the induced draft fan at the air outlet of the top of the greenhouse and the air inlet at the bottom of the greenhouse are closed. And (4) if the pest density is higher than the preset value of 2 per square meter, repeating the steps (2) to (4). And the sensor, the height measuring instrument, the mower, the induced draft fan, the first pesticide spraying device, the second pesticide spraying device and the air inlet film rolling machine are all connected with the processor. The processor can adopt a commercial Arduino Nano or MSP430F149 single chip microcomputer and the like.
Example 2:
TABLE 1 insect population density per unit area before and after treatment (only/square meter)
Figure BDA0003539646150000071
The repellent and the repellent effect of the plants against the pests were compared and the results are shown in table 1. The experimental group adopts the method of the method group in the embodiment 1 of the invention, and the insect repellent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 -10 -10 -7 5 parts of mol/L endothelin, 4 parts of glycine, 5 parts of alanine and 100 parts of water. And (3) sowing leeks and dandelions according to the ratio of 1. In contrast 1, the leeks and the dandelions are only used for expelling the insects, the insect repellents are not adopted, and other management measures are consistent with those of an experimental group; the blank control group only uses greenhouse facilities without using an insect expelling method and an insect repellant, and other management measures are consistent with those of the experimental group.
As can be seen from the blank control, only a few vermin are exterminated by purely wind-driven. In contrast 1, the odor generated by cutting and pulverizing the leeks and the dandelions has a certain effect on pest control, and almost half of the pests are controlled after 60 min. Under the combined action of the insect repellant and the plant, the insect pests are almost completely repelled after 60 min.
TABLE 2 percentage of fruits of good quality in each treatment (%)
Figure BDA0003539646150000081
In addition, the high-quality fruit rate (%) of each group is compared, and the results are shown in table 2, so that the high-quality fruit rate reaches 86% -93% under the condition that the insecticide is not used, and the insect repellent and the plant odor are only used for repelling insects; in contrast, the rate of high-quality fruit is 29-43% by using only plant odor to expel the insects, while the rate of high-quality fruit of the blank control is only 22-34%.
Although the present invention has been described in detail in connection with the preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited thereto. Various equivalent modifications or substitutions can be made on the embodiments of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these modifications or substitutions should be within the scope of the present invention/any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present disclosure and the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (7)

1. An insect-expelling method for jujube trees is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Planting jujube trees in a greenhouse, enabling the jujube trees to grow according to the shape of a jujube tree support through regular pruning and binding, and planting leeks or/and dandelions in the rows of the jujube trees;
(2) Detecting pest density of the jujube tree through a sensor, and detecting the heights of the Chinese chives and/or the dandelions when the pest density of the jujube tree is detected to exceed a preset value;
(3) When the heights of the Chinese chives and/or the dandelions also meet the requirements, starting the mower, and carrying out interlaced mowing and crushing on the Chinese chives and/or the dandelions;
(4) Spraying an insect repellent on the Chinese chives or/and the dandelions and the jujube trees by using a pesticide spraying device, starting a draught fan at an air outlet at the top of the greenhouse after spraying the insect repellent for 10-30 minutes, then opening an air inlet at the bottom of the greenhouse, and enabling insects to fly out of an air outlet at the top of the greenhouse under the action of pungent taste generated after the Chinese chives or/and the dandelions react with the insect repellent and wind power;
(5) After the induced draft fan is started for 30-60 minutes, the sensor detects the pest density of the jujube trees again, and when the pest density is lower than 2 pests per square meter, the induced draft fan at the air outlet of the greenhouse and the air inlet at the bottom of the greenhouse are closed;
if the density of the pests is higher than the preset value of 2 pests/square meter, repeating the steps (2) to (4);
the greenhouse is characterized in that a plurality of rows of greenhouse upright columns are arranged in the greenhouse, and a group of jujube tree supports are arranged between every two adjacent rows of greenhouse upright columns;
each group of jujube tree supports comprises two rows of symmetrical branch supports, the lower part of each group of jujube tree supports is vertical, and the upper part of each group of jujube tree supports is furled; the top of the jujube tree support is connected with the upper framework of the greenhouse;
a plastic film is fixed on the outer side of the upper framework of the greenhouse;
a plurality of air outlets are arranged on an upper framework of the greenhouse, and draught fans are fixed on the air outlets;
the insect repellent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 4 to 6 parts of 10-10 to 10-7mol/L endothelin, 2 to 5 parts of glycine, 3 to 8 parts of alanine and 100 parts of water.
2. The method of repelling jujube trees according to claim 1, wherein: the row spacing of the jujube trees is 4 meters, the plant spacing is 1.5 meters, and the distance corresponds to the distance between the jujube tree supports one by one;
when the height of the Chinese chives or the dandelions reaches more than 15cm, mowing is carried out; the amount of the insect repellent is 3-5kg per mu when the rice is mowed.
3. The method of repelling jujube trees according to claim 1, wherein: a sunshade net framework is fixed at the topmost part of the greenhouse and is connected with greenhouse upright columns, and a sunshade net covers the sunshade net framework.
4. The method of repelling jujube trees according to claim 1, wherein: the greenhouse is characterized in that air inlets are formed in the periphery of the greenhouse, insect-proof nets cover the inner sides of the air inlets, plastic films cover the outer sides of the air inlets and are driven by a film rolling machine to be opened and closed, the plastic films cover and fix the rest parts of the periphery of the greenhouse, and the air inlets penetrate through the whole greenhouse in the horizontal direction.
5. The method of repelling jujube trees according to claim 1, wherein: a mower is placed in the greenhouse, a first pesticide spraying device is placed on the mower, and a nozzle of the first pesticide spraying device faces to the direction of the Chinese chives or/and the dandelions on the ground.
6. The method of repelling jujube trees according to claim 1, wherein: a second pesticide spraying device is fixed on the upper framework, and a nozzle of the second pesticide spraying device faces the direction of the jujube trees.
7. The method of repelling jujube trees according to claim 1, wherein: the insect repellent is prepared by adjusting the pH of water to 5.97 with NaOH and HCl standard solutions, adding endothelin, glycine and alanine to water, respectively, and adjusting the pH of the solution to 5.97 with NaOH and HCl standard solutions.
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