CN108934885A - A kind of method of integrated control Fresh edible soybean primary pest - Google Patents

A kind of method of integrated control Fresh edible soybean primary pest Download PDF

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CN108934885A
CN108934885A CN201810784008.XA CN201810784008A CN108934885A CN 108934885 A CN108934885 A CN 108934885A CN 201810784008 A CN201810784008 A CN 201810784008A CN 108934885 A CN108934885 A CN 108934885A
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control
pest
bean
sugar
soybean
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CN108934885B (en
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刘永杰
朱文君
刘锦
迟家家
陈鹏
迟宝杰
郑向前
张孝鹏
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Shandong Agricultural University
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Shandong Agricultural University
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/40—Fabaceae, e.g. beans or peas
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00—Protecting plants

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  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
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  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of methods of integrated control Fresh edible soybean primary pest, including four kinds of cultural control, biological control, physical control and chemical prevention method for integrated control, wherein carrying out cultural control by artificial weeding；Physical protection is realized by hanging yellow plate, placing sugar-vinegar liquid bottle；Method by discharging pine moth (or corn borer) trichogramma realizes the biological control to lepidopterous larvae；While realizing control primary pest by way of applying selective chemical insecticide, killing natural enemy is avoided.After this integrated control means, the drawbacks of above-mentioned control method is used alone in the prior art is overcome, that realizes Fresh edible soybean primary pest continues efficient control effect, provides the green Fresh edible soybean of high-quality and safety for market.

Description

A kind of method of integrated control Fresh edible soybean primary pest
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural insect pests control technical fields, and in particular to a kind of integrated control Fresh edible soybean primary pest Method.
Background technique
Fresh edible soybean Glycine max (L.) Merr., also known as green soy bean adopt blueness before referring to beanpod drum grain later period not yet annesl As the soybean of vegetables, i.e., physiologically in R6 (drum grain peak period) to R7 (first ripe phase) seed be filled up to pod it is long 80%~ The soybean type harvested when 90% belongs to the exclusive type kind of soybean.Fresh edible soybean is generally acknowledged nuisanceless or of low pollution high egg White safety food is increasingly liked by depth by the majority of consumers because its is full of nutrition, delicious flavour.In recent years, with agricultural Agricultural structure adjustment, Fresh edible soybean cultivated area are continuously increased, and export volume is continuously increased, remarkable in economical benefits, it has also become peasant The new way increased income.
As Fresh edible soybean cultivated area expands year by year, Fresh edible soybean insect pest occurs to be in rise year by year trend.Fresh edible soybean Implantation time is continued until September from March, and pest species survey is more, and harm time is long, especially the brill moths such as bean-pod borer evil Worm, prevention and treatment is difficult, seriously affects outlet.Prevention and treatment Fresh edible soybean pest relies primarily on largely using chemical pesticide at present, causes dish It is serious with soybean pesticide residual contamination.
The problems caused by face of chemical prevention, Stern etc. propose the basic conception of integrated pest control (integrated pest control, IPC), emphasizes the coordination application of the measures such as chemical prevention and biological control, and achieves A series of impressive progress.But the key of integrated pest control and difficult point are to establish the life for being unfavorable for pest generation State system promotes the sustainable development of agricultural, rather than just the simple combination of different control measures.Moreover, because different make The pest population structure of object is different, therefore the integrated pest control strategy of Different Crop is also different.At present also not about The report of Fresh edible soybean Comprehensive Control on Major Insects.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above shortcomings of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of integrated control Fresh edible soybean primary pests Method.This method is directed to the pests occurrence rule and feature of beans field pest, passes through cultural control, physical control, biological control and change The combination for learning four kinds of control measures of prevention and treatment establishes the ecosystem for being unfavorable for the generation of dish leaf Soybean Pests, to beans The control efficiency of field pest is best, and the production for high-quality non-harmful Fresh edible soybean provides guarantee.
To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of method of integrated control Fresh edible soybean primary pest, comprising the following steps:
(1) cultural control: before Fresh edible soybean plantation, carrying out comprehensively thoroughly cleaning to planting site, carry out artificial weeding, Remove weeds in field and plant invalid body；Soil deeptillage, it is directly that the pest in ground or shallow soil is buried or prevent it from being unearthed；
(2) biological control: attract natural enemy in beans field periphery kind grass；Usability lure predicts bean-pod borer adult time of origin, In the natural enemy of field adaptability beans field pest；
(3) physical control: in late April, bean aphid adult is trapped and killed using Yellow sticky trap；In the first tenday period of a month in May, sugar-vinegar liquid is utilized Trapper traps and kills Lepidoptera and coleoptera adult；
(4) chemical prevention: in May, pymetrozine control aphid damage is sprayed；In soybean flowering stage, prevention and treatment beanpod is sprayed The medicament of snout moth's larva protects flower and protects pod.
Preferably, in step (2), 9 annual~October plants Vicia sativa on beans field periphery, in 4~June of second year Part is bloomed, to attract the natural enemies such as ladybug, Chrysopa, wasp fly, parasitic wasp, the harm such as control bean aphid.
Preferably, it in step (2), is lured when in the average trapper each containing sexual lure to 1 beans in soybean children's pod phase When pod snout moth's larva adult, start the natural enemy for discharging beans field pest.
Preferably, in step (2), the trapper containing sexual lure is removed after soybean blossoming, in order to avoid cause to natural enemy Insect is manslaughtered.
Preferably, the natural enemy of beans field pest is trichogramma；It discharges 10,000 per acre every time, continuously discharges 2~4 times, Every 4~5 days.
Further, temperature when putting bee is 15~35 DEG C；Any insecticide is not used during putting bee.
Further, bee card is uniformly hung over to the middle and upper part of plant when putting bee.
Preferably, in step (3), in the first tenday period of a month in May, Yellow sticky trap is removed, in order to avoid cause to manslaughter natural enemy insect.
Preferably, in step (3), the sugar-vinegar liquid trapper includes: the main body for holding sugar-vinegar liquid, the top of the main body Inlet equipped with sugar-vinegar liquid；An opening is at least arranged in the top of the main body, as the channel that pest enters, overthe openings Equipped with rain insensitive device.
Preferably, the sugar-vinegar liquid held in sugar-vinegar liquid trapper is by brown sugar, glacial acetic acid, 95% ethyl alcohol, honey and water by matter Amount ratio is formulated for 6:1:3:5:75.
Preferably, in step (4), for the Fresh edible soybean of outlet, the prevention and treatment bean-pod borer medicament is selected from 200g/L chlorine worm Benzamide suspending agent, dosage are 6~12ml/ mus；It is administered in spraying mode, using 1~2 time, every minor tick 7 days or more.
Preferably, in step (4), for the Fresh edible soybean of No Exit, the prevention and treatment bean-pod borer medicament is selected from emamectin benzoate, bromine Cyanogen insect amide or effective cypermethrin.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
After Fresh edible soybean Comprehensive Control on Major Insects means of the invention, it is above-mentioned to overcome prior art exclusive use The drawbacks of control method, that realizes Fresh edible soybean primary pest continues efficient control effect, provides the green of high-quality and safety for market Color Fresh edible soybean.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1: field placement property lure trapper situation.
Fig. 2: field adaptability trichogramma situation.
Fig. 3: yellow plate situation is placed in field.
Fig. 4: the schematic diagram of sugar-vinegar liquid trapper；Wherein, the inlet of 1~sugar-vinegar liquid, the channel that 2~pest enters, 3~ Rain insensitive device, 4~hold the main body of sugar-vinegar liquid.
Fig. 5: situation is placed in the field of sugar-vinegar liquid trapper.
Fig. 6: sugar-vinegar liquid traps the case where lepidoptera pest.
Fig. 7: toxic effect of the Rynaxypyr to bean-pod borer larva.
Fig. 8: dynamic occurs for vegetable soybean field bean-pod borer adult.
Fig. 9: bean-pod borer property lure traps other Pest Dynamics.
Figure 10: bean-pod borer property lure traps the generation dynamic of parasitic wasp and wasp fly.
Figure 11: bean-pod borer property lure traps the generation dynamic of other Natural Enemies.
Specific embodiment
It is noted that following detailed description is all illustrative, it is intended to provide further instruction to the application.Unless another It indicates, all technical and scientific terms used herein has usual with the application person of an ordinary skill in the technical field The identical meanings of understanding.
As described in background technique, the key and difficult point of integrated pest control are that establishing one is unfavorable for pest The ecosystem of generation promotes the sustainable development of agricultural, rather than just the simple combination of different control measures.Moreover, by Different in the pest population structure of Different Crop, the integrated pest control strategy of Different Crop is also different.Fresh edible soybean Implantation time is long, and pest species survey is more, and harm time is long, and therefore, the pest control difficulty of Fresh edible soybean is larger.Based on this, The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of methods of integrated control Fresh edible soybean primary pest, including cultural control, physical control, life Object prevention and treatment and four kinds of method for integrated control of chemical prevention, wherein carrying out cultural control by artificial removal's weeds in field；Field Vicia sativa is planted to attract a variety of natural enemies, the method for discharging Trichogramma Ostriniae realizes the biological control of a variety of lepidoptera pests； By hanging yellow plate, sugar-vinegar liquid as physical protection, chemical prevention, each means of prevention are realized by way of applying chemical agent Between cooperate with promote, realize the best prevention and treatment to beans field pest.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the method for the integrated control Fresh edible soybean primary pest provided includes following Step:
1. cultural control
Before being colonized plant, thoroughly cleaning is carried out comprehensively to planting site, artificial weeding is carried out, removes weeds in field and plant Strain invalid body；Soil deeptillage, it is directly that the pest in ground or shallow soil is buried or prevent it from being unearthed.
2. biological control
(1) kind grass in beans field attracts natural enemy.In 9 annual~October, the weeds of limes marginis around beans field are cleaned out, people Work broadcasts sowing a small amount of Vicia sativa kind, blooms in 4~June of second year, attracts the natural day such as ladybug, Chrysopa, wasp fly, parasitic wasp Enemy, the harm such as control bean aphid.
(2) usability lure observes and predicts the guidance prevention and treatment of bean-pod borer adult time of origin.Triangle trapper 1 is hung per acre, is lured It catches device and is higher by crop 10cm, monthly replace 1 bean-pod borer property lure.When finding that bean-pod borer adult is arrived in trapping soybean children's pod phase, Start to discharge Trichogramma Ostriniae, per acre 10,000 every time, continuously discharge 2~3 times, is spaced 4~5 days.
3. physical control
(1) yellow card's trap bean aphid adult reduces early stage worm sources quantity.Late April starts to lure in the slotting Yellow sticky trap in beans field The adult aphid for flying into beans field is killed, yellow plate 20 is hung per acre and opens, effectiveness of killing aphid is significant.Yellow plate is removed in the first tenday period of a month in May, in order to avoid cause to day Enemy insect is manslaughtered.
(2) the first tenday period of a month in May start to hang sugar-vinegar liquid trapper in beans field, trap and kill Lepidoptera and coleoptera adult, hang 2~4 per acre A sugar-vinegar liquid trapper changed a sugar-vinegar liquid every 15~20 days months.5~June 2 per acre, 7~August 4 per acre.
4. chemical prevention
(1) using suckings pest such as pymetrozine special for killing aphids, to natural enemies such as ladybug, Chrysopa, wasp fly, parasitic wasps The feature of safety occurs quantity zooming May in bean aphid, sprays 25% pymetrozine wettable powder, 1000 times of liquid, i.e., Controllable aphid damage, but can Sustainable use natural enemy persistently control pest damage.
(2) in soybean flowering stage, the medicament for spraying prevention and treatment bean-pod borer protects flower and protects pod.For the Fresh edible soybean of outlet, medicament Selected from 200g/L Rynaxypyr suspending agent, dosage is 6~12ml/ mus；It is administered in spraying mode, using 1~2 time, often Minor tick 7 days or more.No Exit Fresh edible soybean can spray emamectin benzoate, bromine cyanogen insect amide, effective cypermethrin and protect flower guarantor pod.
At present sugar-vinegar liquid in China's control of insect using more and more common, but there is also many in use Limiting factor, such as the closure of trapper, field place the number of sugar-vinegar liquid trapper, the proportion relation of sugar-vinegar liquid all can Influence control efficiency.Only the opening of trapper enough enters pest and them is allowed to be not easy to escape, and places per acre Sugar-vinegar liquid trapper quantity is suitable, can just give full play to the trapping effect of sugar-vinegar liquid.It is specially devised in physical control of the present invention A kind of sugar-vinegar liquid trapper respectively opens the small window of a 3cm × 3cm in the beverage bottle two sides of 1.5L, as pest enter channel, Small window top is not cut off, and material is thus formed the structures of one small eaves formula, so not only can be with rain-proof but also can as rain insensitive device It is escaped with pest control, greatly reduces the evaporation rate of sugar-vinegar liquid and the escapement ratio of pest.Wherein sent out by comparative test It is existing: place per acre 2~4 be it is best, not only effectively trap a variety of lepidoptera pests in this way, but reduce hang sugar-vinegar liquid at This.In addition, the present inventor increases honey on the formula of traditional sugar-vinegar liquid, wherein brown sugar: glacial acetic acid: 95% ethyl alcohol: honey: Water=6:1:3:5:75, the formula can preferably attract pest.
Further, inventor, which has determined, utilizes pine moth (or corn borer) trichogramma prevention and control bean-pod borer in biological control When it is noted that control the following: have to selection bean-pod borer occur radix it is lower when start to put bee, could effectively play Control the effect of pest；Temperature is unsuitable excessively high when putting bee, and general minimum temperature is at 15 DEG C or more, and maximum temperature is at 35 DEG C or less； Any insecticide is not used during putting bee.
The interval in regular replenishment bee source: it is primary that every 4~5 days supplements put bee.
It continuously puts bee number: continuously putting bee 2~3 times.
It puts bee position: bee card is uniformly hung over to the middle and upper part of plant.
The yellow plate hung in above-mentioned physical control is artificial constructed isolation barrier, it can effectively stick soybean aphid, Achieve the purpose that leaf is protected in insect prevention.Using this technology, the usage amount of chemical agent can be greatly reduced and chemistry is prevented The dependence controlled is the preferred Prevention Technique for producing nuisanceless Fresh edible soybean.
In chemical prevention, as understanding of the mankind to conventional insecticide environmental disruption is increasingly deep, to new type disinsection The demand of agent environmental safety is increasingly enhanced.So-called " environmentally friendly " pesticide, exactly requires insecticide efficient to target organisms While, less toxic or nontoxic to vertebrate and beneficial insect, there are also be not easy the features such as remaining in the environment.Using to pest height It imitates and is coordination one of chemical prevention and the effective way of biological control to the chemical agent of natural enemies security, while being also to pest Implement the key of comprehensive treatment.In order to select suitable medicament in chemical prevention, the present invention is to 7 kinds of common insecticides to beanpod The indoor virulence of snout moth's larva ovum is determined, and the results are shown in Table 1.
The Toxicity Determination result of the table 1:7 kind common insecticide to bean-pod borer ovum
By 1 it is found that using 7 kinds of insecticides of infusion process measurement to the virulence of bean-pod borer ovum, 72h after medicine the result shows that, it is right The high insecticide of bean-pod borer ovum virulence is emamectin benzoate, LC50Value is only 0.142mg/L；Secondly for bromine cyanogen insect amide, tebufenozide and Rynaxypyr, LC50Value is respectively 0.367,1.543 and 2.207mg/L, and relative virus force is respectively 461.35,109.73 and 76.72；The LC of d ichlorbenzuron50Value is 169.316mg/L, minimum to the activity of bean-pod borer ovum.Since the soybean of the planting base goes out Mouth is relatively more, and in order to be detected by medicament, the medicament selected is Rynaxypyr.
In conclusion overcoming the prior art after using this comprehensive method means and above-mentioned means of prevention being used alone Drawback gives full play to the effect of Collaborative Control disease, best for the protection effect of beans field pest, can provide for market high-quality Non-harmful Fresh edible soybean.
In order to enable those skilled in the art can clearly understand the technical solution of the application, below with reference to tool The technical solution of the application is described in detail in the embodiment of body.
Test material used in the embodiment of the present invention is the test material of this field routine, can pass through commercial channel It is commercially available.
A kind of embodiment 1: method of integrated control Fresh edible soybean primary pest
Enforcement place: the Feicheng, Shandong Province town the An Jiazhuan village Wang Jiayanzi
Specific management process:
1. cultural control: before being colonized plant, carrying out 1 thoroughly cleaning comprehensively to planting site, carry out artificial weeding, clearly Except weeds in field and plant invalid body；Soil deeptillage, it is directly that the pest in ground or shallow soil is buried or prevent its from be unearthed from And hinder pest occurrence injury.
2. biological control:
(1) kind grass in beans field attracts natural enemy.9~October in 2016, the weeds of limes marginis around beans field are cleaned out, The a small amount of Vicia sativa kind of artificial broadcast is bloomed the ladybug for attracting wheatland, Chrysopa, food aphid using Vicia sativa in second year for 4~June The natural enemies such as fly, parasitic wasp are transferred to the harm such as beans field control bean aphid.
(2) usability lure observes and predicts the guidance prevention and treatment of bean-pod borer adult time of origin.The triangle containing sexual lure is hung per acre Trapper 1, trapper is higher by crop 10cm (Fig. 1), monthly replaces 1 bean-pod borer property lure.It is found in soybean children's pod phase flat When each trapper is lured to 1 bean-pod borer adult, start to discharge Trichogramma Ostriniae.2017 respectively at May 26, May 31, June 5, continuously release each 10,000/mu (Fig. 2) of Trichogramma Ostriniae, effectively control bean-pod borer endangered (lower than 0.5 children Worm/kg beanpod).Triangle trapper is removed after soybean blossoming, in order to avoid cause to manslaughter natural enemy.
3. physical control:
(1) yellow card's trap bean aphid adult reduces early stage worm sources quantity.Late April starts to lure in the slotting Yellow sticky trap in beans field The adult aphid (Fig. 3) for flying into beans field is killed, yellow plate 20 is hung per acre and opens, effectiveness of killing aphid is significant.Yellow plate is removed in the first tenday period of a month in May, Yi Mianzao Pairs of natural enemy insect is manslaughtered.
(2) late May starts to hang sugar-vinegar liquid trapper (Fig. 4) in beans field, traps and kills Lepidoptera and coleoptera adult.Described Sugar-vinegar liquid trapper regards the size setting in beans field, in order to reach optimal control efficiency, generally hangs 2 sugar-vinegar liquid trappings per acre Device, sugar-vinegar liquid trapper are slightly above plant, and the sugar-vinegar liquid held in sugar-vinegar liquid trapper is by brown sugar, glacial acetic acid, 95% ethyl alcohol, bee Honey and water are formulated in mass ratio for 6:1:3:5:75, and per half a month changes a sugar-vinegar liquid, can largely trap and kill bollworm, 2 points of committees The Lepidopteras such as noctuid, cutworm, scarab beetle coleoptera adult (Fig. 5, Fig. 6).
4. chemical prevention:
(1) aphid: quantity zooming May occurs in bean aphid, utilizes the sucking mouth parts such as pymetrozine special for killing aphids Pest the characteristics of to natural enemies securities such as ladybug, Chrysopa, wasp fly, parasitic wasps, sprays 1000 times of 25% pymetrozine wettable powder Liquid, i.e., controllable aphid damage, and can Sustainable use natural enemy persistently control pest damage.
(2) it in soybean flowering stage, sprays Rynaxypyr and protects flower guarantor pod；Spray the medicament of prevention and treatment bean-pod borer, the medicine It is 6~12ml/ mus that agent, which is selected from 200g/L Rynaxypyr suspending agent dosage,；It is administered in spraying mode, using 1~2 time, often Minor tick 7 days or more.Rynaxypyr is shown in Fig. 7 to the toxic effect of bean-pod borer larva.
For the effect for verifying preventing control method of the present invention, inventor has carried out comparative test, and check experiment is used using conventional dish Soybean planting technique, concrete outcome are shown in Table 2.
Table 2:
As shown in Table 2, conventional plot is compareed compared with the plot of application the present invention program, Fresh edible soybean plant growing way, leaf Piece, beanpod growing state and yield etc. have biggish gap；Compared with compareing plot, using in the plot of the present invention program Fresh edible soybean growth is vigorous, and pest and disease damage is few, and yield is 357kg/hm higher than common plot2, beanpod shape is neat, and it is in good taste, no matter It is that the present invention makes significant progress on yield and quality.
Embodiment 2:
Several generations occurs altogether within the puberty of soybean in order to investigate investigation bean-pod borer, the present invention is in the Feicheng town An Jiazhuan king It is tested in another plot in the village Jia Yanzi, uses bean-pod borer pheromone trap (i.e. embodiment 1 in soybean entire breeding time In the triangle trapper containing sexual lure), the generations of trapping insects dynamic is investigated and analysed.
The generation dynamic of Soybean Field bean-pod borer gyplure trapping bean-pod borer male imago is shown in Fig. 8.The beanpod in soybean growth period In 4 generations, occurred for snout moth's larva, and for first generation occurrence in peak period in early June, highest induced moth number is 0.67/trapper；Emergence Period of Second Generation is 7 In the first tenday period of a month to late July moon, negligible amounts occur；The third generation takes place from early August, and highest induced moth number is average at August 15th Every trapper is lured to 1.5；The generation of last generation is the most serious, from early September until early October, maximum induced moth number are 9 Every trapper on the moon 13 is lured to 2.17 adults, and the highest induced moth number of entire soybean growth period.
When bean-pod borer gyplure traps bean-pod borer, finds while some other important pests, such as 2 points of committee's nights are arrived in trapping Moth, bollworm, the negative locust of short volume and cricket etc. occur dynamic and see Fig. 9.2 committee noctuid insect is in only one generation of soybean growth period Peak period, concentration appear in mid-July to early August, highest trapping amount be every trapper 5.5 on July 17, so far there are no its Causing harm on soy；Bollworm is caused harm with larval feeding blade, flower, pod, is taken place from mid-June, is reached in mid-July Occurrence in peak period, trapping quantity are 1.94/trapper, and trapping amount is reduced later, is continueed to by the end of August；The short negative locust of volume and Cricket is orthoptera pest, is mainly caused harm with biting mouthparts feeding blade, and cricket has generation to mid-September from mid-July, Reach occurrence in peak period in late August, average every trapper 3.5, the short negative locust of volume takes place from mid or late August, in September 13 Day reaches maximum 6.33/trapper of trapping value.
In addition to various pests are arrived in trapping, bean-pod borer trapper also traps a variety of natural enemies, wherein trapping quantity is very big There are wasp fly and parasitic wasp, dynamic occurs and sees Figure 10.Wasp fly is the Important Natural Enemy of aphid, is had for control Aphed population Important function, parasitic wasp have the function that control pest by the ovum of parasitic pest, and the two is the main day of Soybean Field Oppose type.There is generation in entire soybean planting phase wasp fly, it is maximum in mid-June to early July occurrence quantity, it reached June 24 To occurrence in peak period, trapping quantity is 80.39/trapper, this may with start getting wheat mid-June, lack and inhabit Ground and enter Soybean Field it is related；Parasitic wasp is all bigger in the entire breeding time occurrence quantity of soybean, occurrence quantity at the beginning of 7 months by the end of June most Greatly, slowly decline later, maximum trapping amount is per day every trapper 89.06 in June 24.
In addition, it is big that bean-pod borer trapper, which is also traped to natural enemies, Figure 11 such as Propylaea japonica, harmonia axyridia and the lacewing Chrysopa sinica sandflys, The generation dynamic of three kinds of natural enemies of beans planting season.The lacewing Chrysopa sinica sandfly is more in quantity late May to mid-July, and quantity declines later； Propylaea japonica and harmonia axyridia have generation in the entire soybean planting phase, and it is essentially identical to occur performance graph, harmonia axyridia hair In late May to early July, harmonia axyridia occurs to be later than for Propylaea japonica for raw peak period, peak period mid-June to 7 below the moon Ten days, and harmonia axyridia is slightly less than in trapping quantity.Propylaea japonica, harmonia axyridia and the China that bean-pod borer gyplure is traped are logical It is almost the same that the generation dynamically arrived with field investigation dynamic occurs for Chrysopa.
The above results show that 4 generations occurred for bean-pod borer in soybean growth period, the generation of last generation is the most serious, from September Ten days is until early October.The measure of control of insect is acted not only as using bean-pod borer gyplure, can also carry out field kind The generation Dynamic Investigation of group combines the Fluctuation that can more accurately embody population with traditional field investigation, and is medicament Prevention and treatment opportunity provides foundation.
In addition, the above results also indicate that, if all using bean-pod borer pheromone trap in entire soybean growth period, it is easy A variety of natural enemies are caused to manslaughter.Therefore, in Fresh edible soybean integrated pest control of the invention, bean-pod borer pheromone trap There is a restriction using the time, in Fresh edible soybean integrated pest control of the invention, what bean-pod borer pheromone trap played is Prediction effect is exactly placed trapper before the blooming of soybean and is predicted, if it find that there is bean-pod borer adult will be into Row biological control or chemical prevention remove bean-pod borer pheromone trap after soybean blossoming, in order to avoid cause to natural enemy It manslaughters.
The foregoing is merely preferred embodiment of the present application, are not intended to limit this application, for the skill of this field For art personnel, various changes and changes are possible in this application.Within the spirit and principles of this application, made any to repair Change, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of method of integrated control Fresh edible soybean primary pest, which comprises the following steps:
(1) cultural control: before Fresh edible soybean plantation, thoroughly cleaning is carried out comprehensively to planting site, artificial weeding is carried out, removes Weeds in field and plant invalid body；Soil deeptillage, it is directly that the pest in ground or shallow soil is buried or prevent it from being unearthed；
(2) biological control: attract natural enemy in beans field periphery kind grass；Usability lure predicts bean-pod borer adult time of origin, in field Between discharge beans field pest natural enemy；
(3) physical control: in late April, bean aphid adult is trapped and killed using Yellow sticky trap；In the first tenday period of a month in May, traped using sugar-vinegar liquid Device traps and kills Lepidoptera and coleoptera adult；
(4) chemical prevention: in May, pymetrozine control aphid damage is sprayed；In soybean flowering stage, prevention and treatment bean-pod borer is sprayed Medicament protects flower and protects pod.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein 9 annual~October is on beans field periphery in step (2) Plant Vicia sativa.
3. the method according to claim 1, wherein each containing in soybean children's pod phase when average in step (2) Property lure trapper in when luring to 1 bean-pod borer adult, start the natural enemy for discharging beans field pest.
4. method according to claim 1 or 3, which is characterized in that the natural enemy of beans field pest is trichogramma；It is every every time Mu release 10,000, continuously discharges 2~4 times, is spaced 4~5 days.
5. according to the method described in claim 4, it is characterized in that, temperature when putting bee is 15~35 DEG C；Do not make during putting bee With any insecticide.
6. the method according to claim 1, wherein in the first tenday period of a month in May, Yellow sticky trap is gone in step (3) It removes.
7. the method according to claim 1, wherein the sugar-vinegar liquid trapper includes: to hold in step (3) The main body of sugar-vinegar liquid, the top of the main body are equipped with the inlet of sugar-vinegar liquid；An opening is at least arranged in the top of the main body, As the channel that pest enters, overthe openings are equipped with rain insensitive device.
8. the method according to claim 1, wherein in step (3), the sugar-vinegar liquid that is held in sugar-vinegar liquid trapper It is formulated in mass ratio for 6:1:3:5:75 by brown sugar, glacial acetic acid, 95% ethyl alcohol, honey and water.
9. described anti-for the Fresh edible soybean of outlet the method according to claim 1, wherein in step (4) It controls bean-pod borer medicament and is selected from 200g/L Rynaxypyr suspending agent, dosage is 6~12ml/ mus；It is administered, is made in spraying mode With 1~2 time, every minor tick 7 days or more.
10. described for the Fresh edible soybean of No Exit the method according to claim 1, wherein in step (4) It prevents and treats bean-pod borer medicament and is selected from emamectin benzoate, bromine cyanogen insect amide or effective cypermethrin.
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