CN104729850A - 齿轮检测开关 - Google Patents

齿轮检测开关 Download PDF

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CN104729850A
CN104729850A CN201410457807.8A CN201410457807A CN104729850A CN 104729850 A CN104729850 A CN 104729850A CN 201410457807 A CN201410457807 A CN 201410457807A CN 104729850 A CN104729850 A CN 104729850A
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detecting unit
procapsid
pcb
gear testing
circuit board
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CN104729850B (zh
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朴正渊
李锡雨
韩昌奎
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Le Star Automotive Technology Co Ltd
Hyundai Motor Co
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Great Achievement Electric Applicance Co Ltd
Hyundai Motor Co
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H61/00Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/02Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing characterised by the signals used
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R33/00Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
    • G01R33/0047Housings or packaging of magnetic sensors ; Holders
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H57/00General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H61/00Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H63/00Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
    • F16H63/02Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
    • F16H63/30Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01DMEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G01D5/14Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage
    • G01D5/142Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage using Hall-effect devices
    • G01D5/145Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage using Hall-effect devices influenced by the relative movement between the Hall device and magnetic fields
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01DMEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G01D5/14Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage
    • G01D5/142Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage using Hall-effect devices
    • G01D5/147Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage using Hall-effect devices influenced by the movement of a third element, the position of Hall device and the source of magnetic field being fixed in respect to each other
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M13/00Testing of machine parts
    • G01M13/02Gearings; Transmission mechanisms
    • G01M13/021Gearings
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R1/00Details of instruments or arrangements of the types included in groups G01R5/00 - G01R13/00 and G01R31/00
    • G01R1/02General constructional details
    • G01R1/04Housings; Supporting members; Arrangements of terminals

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Switches That Are Operated By Magnetic Or Electric Fields (AREA)
  • Rotary Switch, Piano Key Switch, And Lever Switch (AREA)
  • Control Of Transmission Device (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种齿轮检测开关,该齿轮检测开关装置可包括:检测单元,磁化目标在所述检测单元的前部插入到所述检测单元,所述检测单元具有印刷电路板(PCB);前壳体,所述前壳体具有开放的前端,所述检测单元插入到所述前壳体中从而使得所述PCB的前端通过所述开放的前端暴露;后壳体,所述后壳体连接至所述前壳体的后侧,其中在所述前壳体和所述后壳体之间的连接边界模塑有模型材料;霍尔传感器装置,所述霍尔传感器装置联接至所述PCB的暴露的前端;以及完成封闭件,所述完成封闭件在所述前壳体的开放的前端上被模塑。

Description

齿轮检测开关
技术领域
本发明一般而言涉及一种以非接触方式检测齿轮速比的技术,更特别地,涉及一种用于检测齿轮速比的齿轮检测开关,相比于接触型开关,其基于霍尔器件以非接触方式被驱动,从而半永久地进行操作。
背景技术
一般而言,虽然安装到手动变速器的用于车辆的齿轮检测开关主要由机械接触型开关组成,但为了改进响应能力、延长寿命、制造生态友好部件等目的,并且由于混合动力车辆(HEV)或电动车辆(EV)的分布,使用霍尔器件(或霍尔集成电路)的非接触齿轮检测开关已经引入到车辆中。
控制棘爪(finger)和轨道安装在变速器(特别是手动变速器)中,并且与变速杆互相连接,在其中安装接触型齿轮检测开关的情况下,当受到驾驶员驱动时,它们围绕控制轴旋转从而旋转的控制棘爪压触开关的连接端子,由此产生并传输电换挡信号。
相比之下,在安装基于霍尔器件的非接触型齿轮检测开关的情况下,开关使用霍尔电压产生电换挡信号并传输该电换挡信号,所述霍尔电压由旋转的控制棘爪和开关之间的气隙产生。
常规的接触型齿轮检测开关构造成使得,当推杆被控制棘爪推动时,安装在开关中的活动触点与端子形成机械接触以产生换挡信号,然后开关传输换挡信号至变速器控制单元(TCU)。但是,接触型开关的问题在于,相比于非接触型开关寿命相对较短,这是因为开关操作是基于机械摩擦接触。
此外,常规的非接触齿轮检测开关也存在问题,应该被手动安装在开关中的已磁化的磁体的磁极在装配中方向偏离,从而导致误差。另外,在壳体具有压配组装结构的情况下,湿气和外来杂质通过组装结构可容易地从外部引入到壳体中。另外,当壳体被树脂模塑时,内部安装的磁化的磁体不能忍耐模塑(注射成型)温度,因此磁体的磁场强度由于高温去磁而降低,导致开关的操作性能降低。
公开于该发明背景技术部分的信息仅仅旨在加深对本发明的一般背景技术的理解,而不应当被视为承认或以任何形式暗示该信息构成已为本领域技术人员所公知的现有技术。
发明内容
本发明的各个方面旨在提供一种齿轮检测开关,其使用霍尔器件以非接触类型被驱动,从而相比于接触型开关进行半永久地操作。
在本发明的一个方面,一种齿轮检测开关装置可以包括:检测单元,磁化目标在所述检测单元的前部插入到所述检测单元中,所述检测单元具有印刷电路板(PCB);前壳体,所述前壳体具有开放的前端,所述检测单元插入到所述前壳体中从而使得所述PCB的前端通过所述开放的前端暴露;后壳体,所述后壳体连接至所述前壳体的后侧,其中在所述前壳体和所述后壳体之间的连接边界模塑有模塑材料;霍尔传感器装置,所述霍尔传感器装置联接至所述PCB的暴露的前端;以及完成封闭件,所述完成封闭件在所述前壳体的开放的前端上被模塑。
所述磁化目标在所述完成封闭件被模塑之后被磁化。
所述磁化目标以非磁化状态插入到所述检测单元中,在所述前壳体和所述后壳体连接并且所述连接边界被模塑之后,所述磁化目标被磁化。
所述检测单元可以具有前延伸部,所述磁化目标插入到所述前延伸部中。
所述检测单元可以具有前延伸部,所述霍尔传感器装置联接到所述前延伸部中。
所述检测单元可以在其下端处具有通孔,所述PCB通过所述通孔插入到所述检测单元中,从而使得所述PCB的前端位于所述检测单元的前端处。
所述齿轮检测开关装置可以进一步包括:控制棘爪,所述控制棘爪可以具有朝着所述完成封闭件的台阶式部件,所述控制棘爪与所述完成封闭件的前端间隔开,其中所述控制棘爪构造成使得,当执行换挡操作时,所述控制棘爪相对于所述完成封闭件滑动从而使得到所述霍尔传感器装置的距离变化。
所述控制棘爪的台阶式部件通过倾斜表面进行限定,所述倾斜表面形成为楔形榫头形状从而不朝着所述霍尔传感器装置暴露。
在本发明的另一方面,一种制造齿轮检测开关装置的方法可以包括:将所述磁化目标插入到所述检测单元的前端,并且将印刷电路板(PCB)联接至所述检测单元;将所述检测单元通过所述前壳体的开放的前端插入到所述前壳体中,将所述后壳体连接至所述前壳体;并且将所述霍尔传感器装置联接至所述PCB的前端;用模塑材料模塑所述前壳体和所述后壳体之间的所述连接边界以及所述前壳体的所述开放的前端;以及磁化所述磁化目标。
通过将所述前壳体插入到电流通过的线圈的中心来磁化所述磁化目标。
根据本发明的示例性实施方案,齿轮检测开关使用霍尔器件以非接触方式被驱动,从而相比于接触型开关进行半永久地操作。
另外,齿轮检测开关为非接触类型以使用永久磁体和霍尔集成电路来检测磁场强度的变化,而没有磨损引起的接触损坏,从而相对于相关技术具有延长的寿命。
此外,齿轮检测开关能够防止控制棘爪的磨损和由于外来杂质导致的接触误差,从而相对于相关技术提供了改进的响应能力。
另外,齿轮检测开关能够利用单一传感器(开关)检测大量气隙,因此,当控制棘爪和轨道中的气隙共同形成在一个位置处时,有可能使单一传感器以非接触方式检测到许多的齿轮速比。
通过纳入本文的附图以及随后与附图一起用于说明本发明的某些原理的具体实施方式,本发明的方法和装置所具有的其他特征和优点将更为具体地变得清楚或得以阐明。
附图说明
图1为根据本发明的示例性实施方案的齿轮检测开关的分解立体图。
图2为根据本发明的示例性实施方案的齿轮检测开关的印刷电路板(PCB)的视图。
图3和4为根据本发明的示例性实施方案的齿轮检测开关的检测单元的视图。
图5和6为根据本发明的示例性实施方案的齿轮检测开关的所述检测单元的视图。
图7为显示图2的齿轮检测开关的磁化过程的视图。
图8和9为显示图2的齿轮检测开关的操作的视图。
应当了解,所附附图并非按比例地显示了本发明的基本原理的图示性的各种特征的略微简化的画法。本文所公开的本发明的具体设计特征包括例如具体尺寸、取向、位置和形状将部分地由具体所要应用和使用的环境来确定。
在这些图形中,贯穿附图的数个图形,附图标记引用本发明的相同的或等同的部分。
具体实施方式
下面将具体参考本发明的各个实施方案,这些实施方案的实例显示在附图中并描述如下。尽管本发明将与示例性实施方案相结合进行描述,但是应当意识到,本说明书并非旨在将本发明限制为那些示例性实施方案。相反,本发明旨在不但覆盖这些示例性实施方案,而且覆盖可以被包括在由所附权利要求所限定的本发明的精神和范围之内的各种选择形式、修改形式、等价形式及其它实施方案。
下文将参考附图对本发明的优选实施方案进行详细描述。
图1为根据本发明的示例性实施方案的齿轮检测开关的分解立体图。图2为根据本发明的示例性实施方案的齿轮检测开关的印刷电路板(PCB)的视图。图3和4为根据本发明的示例性实施方案的齿轮检测开关的检测单元的视图。图5和6为根据本发明的示例性实施方案的齿轮检测开关的所述检测单元的视图。图7为显示图2的齿轮检测开关的磁化过程的视图。图8和9为显示图2的齿轮检测开关的操作的视图。
齿轮检测开关包括:检测单元100,其具有印刷电路板(PCB)200,磁化目标120在检测单元100的前部插入其中;前壳体300,其具有开放的前端320,检测单元100插入到所述前壳体300中,从而PCB200的前端通过该开放的前端320暴露;后壳体400,其连接至前壳体300的后侧,其中前壳体和后壳体之间的连接边界420模塑有模塑材料;霍尔传感器装置240,其联接至PCB200的暴露的前端;以及完成封闭间340,其在前壳体300的开放的前端320上被模塑。
如图1所示,检测单元100在其中容纳磁化目标120。具体而言,磁化目标120插入到检测单元中,如图3所示。在这种情况下,磁化目标120还未被磁化。
检测单元100设置有PCB200。具体而言,电线220被焊接至PCB200,如图2所示。并且,如图3所示,检测单元100具有磁化目标120插入其中的前延伸部190。检测单元100在其下方部分处具有通孔102,PCB200穿过该通孔102插入到检测单元中,使得PCB的前端位于检测单元100的前端。
检测单元100插入到前壳体300中使得PCB200的前端通过前壳体的开放的前端320暴露到外部。霍尔传感器装置240联接至PCB200的暴露的前端。具体地,这种连接显示于图4和5中。
后壳体400连接至前壳体300的后侧,相对于前壳体300的连接边界模塑有模塑材料420。此外,前壳体300的开放的前端320模塑有模型材料以形成完成封闭件340。类似地,在前壳体和后壳体连接到一起之后,连接边界被模塑,最后完成封闭件340被模塑,然后磁化目标120可被磁化。否则,磁化目标120在以非磁化状态被插入到检测单元100中之后可被磁化,然后前壳体和后壳体之间的连接边界被覆盖模塑有模型材料420。
亦即,覆盖模塑提供了防水密封,后磁化防止了高温去磁。
此外,如图8和9所示,齿轮检测开关可以进一步包括控制棘爪600,其具有朝着完成封闭件的台阶式部件,并且与完成封闭件340的前部间隔一定距离,其中控制棘爪构造成使得,当执行换挡操作时,控制棘爪相对于完成封闭件滑动,从而使得到霍尔传感器装置240的距离(a或b)改变。控制棘爪600的台阶式部件可以通过倾斜表面620进行限定,该倾斜表面620形成为楔形榫头形状从而不朝着霍尔传感器装置240暴露。
亦即,齿轮速比的位置通过测量控制棘爪600的台阶式部件到霍尔传感器装置240的距离来进行追踪。另外,形成台阶式部件的表面620以楔形榫头形状倾斜,使得从霍尔传感器装置240观看时,不能看到倾斜的表面,从而使得距离急剧变化(a或b),而没有中间值。这种构造使得控制简单、容易并稳定。
在另一方面,本发明提供了一种制造齿轮检测开关的方法。
所述方法包括:将磁化目标120插入到检测单元100的前端,如图3所示;将印刷电路板(PCB)200联接至检测单元,如图4所示;将检测单元100通过前壳体300的开放的前端插入到前壳体300中,如图5所示;将后壳体400连接至前壳体,如图6所示;将霍尔传感器装置240联接至PCB200的前端,用模型材料模塑前壳体300和后壳体400之间的连接边界以及前壳体300的开放的前端320,如图6所示;以及磁化所述磁化目标120,如图7所示。
如图7所示,可以通过将前壳体插入到电流通过的线圈C的中心来磁化目标120。
根据本发明的示例性实施方案,非磁化磁体被插入模塑中,而不是手动组装永久磁体,因此由于组装过程中磁体的布置错误导致的磁极错误能够得以避免。此外,在覆盖模塑开关之后,磁体最终使用磁化机被磁化,因此能够防止在模塑工艺过程中可能发生的高温去磁。此外,开关整体被覆盖模塑,因此外部湿气和外来杂质不能被引入。
另外,控制棘爪具有以楔形榫头形状呈锥形的检测突出部,从而防止相对于齿轮速比的检测误差。
根据本发明的示例性实施方案,齿轮检测开关使用霍尔器件以非接触类型被驱动,从而相对于接触型开关半永久地进行操作。
另外,齿轮检测开关为非接触类型以使用永久磁体和霍尔集成电路来检测磁场强度的变化,而没有磨损引起的接触损坏,从而相对于相关技术具有延长的寿命。
此外,齿轮检测开关能够防止控制棘爪的磨损和由于外来杂质导致的接触误差,从而相对于相关技术提供了改进的响应能力。
另外,齿轮检测开关能够利用单一传感器(开关)检测大量气隙,因此,当控制棘爪和轨道中的气隙共同形成在一个位置处时,有可能使单一传感器以非接触方式检测到许多齿轮速比。
为了方便解释和精确限定所附权利要求,术语“上”、“下”、“内”和“外”被用于参考附图中所显示的这些特征的位置来描述示例性实施方式的特征。
前面对本发明具体示例性实施方案所呈现的描述是出于说明和描述的目的。前面的描述并不想要成为毫无遗漏的,也不是想要把本发明限制为所公开的精确形式,显然,根据上述教导很多改变和变化都是可能的。选择示例性实施方案并进行描述是为了解释本发明的特定原理及其实际应用,从而使得本领域的其它技术人员能够实现并利用本发明的各种示例性实施方案及其不同选择形式和修改形式。本发明的范围旨在由所附权利要求书及其等价形式所限定。

Claims (10)

1.一种齿轮检测开关装置,包括:
检测单元,磁化目标在所述检测单元的前部插入到所述检测单元,所述检测单元具有印刷电路板;
前壳体,所述前壳体具有开放的前端,所述检测单元插入到所述前壳体中从而使得所述印刷电路板的前端通过所述开放的前端暴露;
后壳体,所述后壳体连接至所述前壳体的后侧,其中在所述前壳体和所述后壳体之间的连接边界模塑有模塑材料;
霍尔传感器装置,所述霍尔传感器装置联接至所述印刷电路板的暴露的前端;以及
完成封闭件,所述完成封闭件在所述前壳体的开放的前端上被模塑。
2.根据权利要求1所述的齿轮检测开关装置,其中所述磁化目标在所述完成封闭件被模塑之后被磁化。
3.根据权利要求1所述的齿轮检测开关装置,其中所述磁化目标以非磁化状态插入到所述检测单元中,在所述前壳体和所述后壳体连接并且所述连接边界被模塑之后,所述磁化目标被磁化。
4.根据权利要求1所述的齿轮检测开关装置,其中所述检测单元具有前延伸部,所述磁化目标插入到所述前延伸部中。
5.根据权利要求4所述的齿轮检测开关装置,其中所述检测单元具有前延伸部,所述霍尔传感器装置联接到所述前延伸部中。
6.根据权利要求1所述的齿轮检测开关装置,其中所述检测单元在其下端处具有通孔,所述印刷电路板通过所述通孔插入到所述检测单元中,从而使得所述印刷电路板的前端位于所述检测单元的前端处。
7.根据权利要求1所述的齿轮检测开关装置,进一步包括:
控制棘爪,所述控制棘爪具有朝着所述完成封闭件的台阶式部件,所述控制棘爪与所述完成封闭件的前端间隔开,其中所述控制棘爪构造成使得,当执行换挡操作时,所述控制棘爪相对于所述完成封闭件滑动从而使得到所述霍尔传感器装置的距离变化。
8.根据权利要求7所述的齿轮检测开关装置,其中所述控制棘爪的台阶式部件通过倾斜表面进行限定,所述倾斜表面形成为楔形榫头形状从而不朝着所述霍尔传感器装置暴露。
9.一种制造根据权利要求1所述的齿轮检测开关装置的方法,所述方法包括:
将所述磁化目标插入到所述检测单元的前端,并且将所述印刷电路板联接至所述检测单元;
将所述检测单元通过所述前壳体的开放的前端插入到所述前壳体中,将所述后壳体连接至所述前壳体;并且将所述霍尔传感器装置联接至所述印刷电路板的前端;
用模塑材料模塑所述前壳体和所述后壳体之间的所述连接边界以及所述前壳体的所述开放的前端;以及
磁化所述磁化目标。
10.根据权利要求9所述的制造所述齿轮检测开关装置的方法,其中通过将所述前壳体插入到电流通过的线圈的中心中来磁化所述磁化目标。
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