CN104609979A - Microbial fertilizer for improving saline alkali soil and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Microbial fertilizer for improving saline alkali soil and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104609979A CN104609979A CN201510059666.9A CN201510059666A CN104609979A CN 104609979 A CN104609979 A CN 104609979A CN 201510059666 A CN201510059666 A CN 201510059666A CN 104609979 A CN104609979 A CN 104609979A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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Abstract
The invention provides a microbial fertilizer for improving saline alkali soil. The microbial fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45-55 parts of turf, 25-35 parts of Angel yeast residues, 5-15 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 5-15 parts of ammonium sulfate and 1-3 parts of a complex microbial inoculant. According to the microbial fertilizer provided by the invention, the microbial flora is in mutual promotion with organic matters and inorganic matters, the components supplement one another, the effective living bacteria count is not less than 50million per gram, the content of the organic matters is not less than 55 percent, the total nutrient is not less than 11 percent, the content of ammonium nitrogen is not less than 4 percent, the content of P2O5 is not less than 4 percent, the content of K2O is not less than 3 percent, and the pH value is 5.5-6.0. Under the co-actions of the components, the effects of rapidly reducing the soil salinity and alkalinity and increasing the content of organic matters, available phosphorus and ammonium nitrogen are achieved, and the conditions that the granular structure of the soil is poor, the soil permeability is reduced and the activity of the microbial flora is inhibited are improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to soil improvement field, in particular to a kind of microbial-bacterial fertilizer improveing salt affected soil and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
The saltings affecting farm crop normal growth generally refers to that salt content is greater than 0.3%, the ecological environment of soil that pH value is greater than 8, it is low that such edatope nearly all has organic content, the low alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen of total nitrogen content is lower, available phosphorus content is extremely low, available water content is low, soil aggregate is poor, soil permeability declines, the activity of microorganism species is suppressed, the characteristic such as soil ground temperature summer on the low side in spring and autumn is higher, not only hamper the absorption of farm crop to liquid manure, reduce soil to water, fertile, gas, the supply of heat and the coordination ability, and limit the further raising of soil fertility and the performance of potential fertility.
Add up according to Food and Argriculture OrganizationFAO (FAO), more or less a hundred distribution of countries has saline soil in the world, the total area is roughly 1,000,000,000 hectares, account for 25% of the land total area, China is one of country that saltings area is maximum in the world, the saltings total area is about 3,600 ten thousand hectares, and due to farmland improper, the impeded drainage of pouring and apply fertilizer unreasonable, saltings area is in ever-increasing situation always.Transformation is administered and rational exploitation and utilization saltings resource, is important channel and the guarantee of Chinese agricultural development, has important strategic importance to improve the ecological environment, promote economy and social sustainable development.
Saltings shows following two aspects to the main injury that plant is caused: one is (the mainly Na of metal ion in plant cytoplasm
+) a large amount of accumulation, it can destroy ionic equilibrium in vegetable cell and suppress Physiological and Biochemical Metabolism process in vegetable cell, and photosynthesis of plant ability is declined, finally dead because carbon is hungry; Two is salt affected soils is one and highly oozes environment, and it can stop root system of plant to absorb moisture, thus makes plant dead because of " arid ".Salt affected soil pH value is higher simultaneously, and this makes plant materials and external environment acid base imbalance, and then destroys the structure of cytolemma, causes cell Dissolve things inside exosmose and make Plant death.
In view of this, special proposition the present invention.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of microbial-bacterial fertilizer improveing salt affected soil, in described microbial-bacterial fertilizer effective total viable count up to 500,000,000/gram, mutually promote with organism, inorganics, complement each other, under their acting in conjunction, reduce soil salinity and alkalinity fast, increase organic and available phosphorus and ammonium nitrogen content; Can effectively improve the situation that alkaline land soil crumb structure is poor, soil permeability is low and the activity of microorganism species is suppressed.
In order to realize above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, spy by the following technical solutions:
Improve a microbial-bacterial fertilizer for salt affected soil, with parts by weight, the raw material of described microbial-bacterial fertilizer comprises:
The peat composed of rotten mosses 45 ~ 55 parts, Angel Yeast residue 25 ~ 35 parts, monoammonium phosphate 5 ~ 15 parts, 5 ~ 15 parts, ammonium sulfate, composite fungus agent 1 ~ 3 part;
The raw material of described composite fungus agent comprises following component: cereuisiae fermentum, photosynthetic bacterium, subtilis, root nodule bacterium, trichoderma viride and bacillusmusilaginosiengineering.
In microbial-bacterial fertilizer provided by the invention, 6 kinds of bacterial classifications in composite fungus agent can form spore shape, the viability of bacterial strain in severe salt affected soil is improved, after these function stems being carried out combination is composite and making composite fungus agent, the reproduction speed of each bacterial strain is accelerated, and the ability conformed further is promoted, simultaneously, after composite fungus agent and the peat composed of rotten mosses, these organic matters of Angel Yeast residue and monoammonium phosphate, ammonium sulfate inorganic salt being combined, there is function as described below:
One is that the high reactivity function stem of every Ke Gaoda 500,000,000 in composite fungus agent not only can fast activating soil, increases the permeability of soil; The temperature-raising characteristic of cereuisiae fermentum and Trichoderma can improve soil ground temperature simultaneously, is conducive to activating the phosphoric in soil, makes the organic quick composting such as stalk, animal excrement simultaneously; Photosynthetic bacteria can promote the photosynthesis of plant, accelerates nutrition and transforms; Bacillusmusilaginosiengineering can improve plant and absorb the conversion of the phosphorus in soil, potassium; Subtilis plays the effect of fixed nitrogen, growth-promoting to plant; Root nodule bacterium play the effect promoting plant seed germination, promote rhizosphere growth;
Two is that the high organic characteristic of the peat composed of rotten mosses and Angel Yeast residue directly supplements the organic matter in saltings, sufficient food source is provided to microorganism strains Fast-propagation while improving soil activation, be rich in humic acid composition in the peat composed of rotten mosses simultaneously, utilize the characteristic of humic acid macromolecular structure, the complexing soil organism, soil is made to form crumb structure fast, prevent the soil organism and water loss, realize the function of water conservation, fertilizer conservation; The xanthohumic acid be rich in Angel Yeast residue effectively can realize high temperature season and prevent plant materials water loss, thus reaches the object of drought resisting;
Three is the ammonium nitrogens in ammonium sulfate, supplements nitrogen element directly to saltings, adopts ammonium sulfate can avoid absorbing heats a large amount of in soil when being hydrolyzed, thus increases the cold of soil and be unfavorable for the decomposition and inversion of phosphorus potash fertilizer;
Four is that monoammonium phosphate supplements phosphoric fast to soil;
Five be utilize in humic acid, xanthohumic acid, amino acid, monoammonium phosphate, ammonium sulfate acid ion absorption saltings in metallic cation, unnecessary acid ion also can in and saltings in alkalescence, be conducive to realizing soil acid-base equilibrium.
In microbial-bacterial fertilizer provided by the invention, microorganism species and organism, inorganics are mutually promoted, and complement each other, and its effective total viable count is not less than 500,000,000/gram, organic content is not less than 55%, and total nutrient is not less than 11%, wherein: ammonium nitrogen is not less than 4%, P
2o
5be not less than 4%, K
2o is not less than 3%, pH is 5.5 ~ 6.0, reduces soil salinity and alkalinity fast, increases the content of organic and available phosphorus and ammonium nitrogen, improves soil aggregate difference, soil permeability declines, the activity of microorganism species is suppressed situation under their acting in conjunction.
Alternatively, in parts by weight, the raw material of described microbial-bacterial fertilizer comprises:
The peat composed of rotten mosses 48 ~ 50 parts, Angel Yeast residue 29 ~ 30 parts, monoammonium phosphate 8 ~ 10 parts, 10 ~ 11 parts, ammonium sulfate, composite fungus agent 2.3 ~ 2.5 parts.
Alternatively, the pH of the described peat composed of rotten mosses is 4.5 ~ 5.5, content of humic acid is not less than 60%, moisture content not higher than 15%, fineness 180 ~ 220 order;
The xanthohumic acid content of described Angel Yeast residue is not less than 25%, aminoacids content is not less than 10%, K
2o content is not less than 10%, nitrogen content is not less than 3%, moisture content not higher than 2%, pH is 5.8 ~ 6.0, fineness 180 ~ 220 order.
Select the peat composed of rotten mosses and the Angel Yeast residue of slant acidity and high organic content in microbial-bacterial fertilizer provided by the present invention, increase to soil organic while, can also directly in and alkalescence in saltings, contribute to soil and realize acid base equilibrium.
A preparation method for microbial-bacterial fertilizer of the present invention, comprises the steps:
Successively the peat composed of rotten mosses, composite fungus agent, Angel Yeast bacterium residue, monoammonium phosphate, ammonium sulfate are dropped in stirred pot and stirs 40 ~ 50 minutes.
The preparation method of described microbial-bacterial fertilizer provided by the invention, feed intake according to this order successively, guarantee that a small amount of composite fungus agent first mixes with the peat composed of rotten mosses and these organic materialss of Angel Yeast residue the standard reaching and mix, at utmost can reduce the loss of viable bacteria simultaneously; Finally throw in monoammonium phosphate and ammonium sulfate, can the nitrogen loss that raw material temperature arrising caused by friction when stirring brings be dropped to minimum, thus prepare qualified anti-saline and alkaline microbial-bacterial fertilizer.
Alternatively, the preparation method of described composite fungus agent is: described cereuisiae fermentum, photosynthetic bacterium, subtilis, root nodule bacterium, trichoderma viride and bacillusmusilaginosiengineering individually carry out inoculating, spread cultivation, ferment, adsorb, press filtration, oven dry and pulverizing, obtain the bacterium powder of described 6 kinds of bacterial strains successively, after according to the mass ratio of 1:1:1:1:2:2, bacterium powder is mixed successively.
Cold, plant root dysplasia, fixed nitrogen is shown as and point phosphorus decomposing potassium capability is low, photosynthesis is poor, organic low notable feature according to the soil physical chemistry feature most times in saltings, the composite fungus agent prepared after selecting above-mentioned bacterial classification to combine according to certain mass ratio, have promote soil ground temperature, accelerate that organic matter becomes thoroughly decomposed, fixed nitrogen, phosphorus decomposing, potassium decomposing, promotion plant rhizosphere grow and the photosynthetic characteristic in blade face, thus realize the object that degraded is saline and alkaline, improve farm crop resistance, promote crop growth.
Alternatively, described inoculation specifically comprises:
1), YPD substratum, gravy peptone substratum and PDA substratum is prepared;
2), respectively described cereuisiae fermentum is inoculated in YPD substratum, described subtilis, bacillusmusilaginosiengineering and photosynthetic bacterium is inoculated in gravy peptone substratum, described root nodule bacterium and Trichoderma are inoculated in PDA substratum, cultivate 4 ~ 6 days.
Alternatively, in step 1) in:
According to weight parts, described YPD substratum comprises: yeast extract 8 ~ 12 parts, peptone 18 ~ 22 parts, glucose 18 ~ 22 parts, 18 ~ 22 parts, agar and 1000 parts of deionized waters, and its pH is 6.8 ~ 7.2;
According to weight parts, described gravy freezes substratum and comprises: extractum carnis 1 ~ 5 part, peptone 5 ~ 8 parts, NaCl 1 ~ 5 part, 18 ~ 22 parts, agar and 1000 parts of deionized waters, and its pH is 6.8 ~ 7.2;
According to weight parts, described PDA substratum comprises: 190 ~ 210 parts, potato, glucose 8 ~ 12 parts, 18 ~ 22 parts, agar, Na
2hPO
44 ~ 6 parts and 1000 parts of deionized waters, and its pH is 7.0 ~ 7.6.
Alternatively, in described spreading cultivation, the culture temperature of cereuisiae fermentum is 27 ~ 29 DEG C, and incubation time is 46 ~ 50h; Photosynthetic bacterium culture temperature is 34 ~ 36 DEG C, and incubation time is 46 ~ 50h; Subtilis culture temperature is 29 ~ 31 DEG C, and incubation time is 46 ~ 50h; Root nodule bacterium culture temperature is 27 ~ 29 DEG C, and incubation time is 46 ~ 50h; Trichoderma viride culture temperature is 27 ~ 29 DEG C, and incubation time is 70 ~ 75h; The culture temperature of bacillusmusilaginosiengineering 29 ~ 31 DEG C, incubation time is 70 ~ 75h; And all cultivate with the rotating speed of 150-180r/min with shaking table in the process that spreads cultivation.
Alternatively, in the process of described fermentation,
Nutrient solution used, according to weight parts, comprising: analysis for soybean powder 1.8 ~ 2.3 parts, fishbone powder 1.8 ~ 2.2 parts, W-Gum 1.8 ~ 2.2 parts, peanut oil 0.18 ~ 0.22 part, Zinc Sulphate Monohydrate 0.13 ~ 0.18 part, magnesium sulfate monohydrate 0.13 ~ 0.18 part, potassium primary phosphate 0.1 ~ 0.12 part and light calcium carbonate 0.14 ~ 0.16 part;
Inoculum size in fermenting process is: 0.5%;
Fermentation time is 16 ~ 22h; And at first 12 hours, leavening temperature was 30 ~ 32 DEG C, after be adjusted to 36 ~ 38 DEG C;
Also ventilate in fermenting process, at first 6 hours, air flow was 1:1v/v.m; After be adjusted to 1:1.3v/v.m.
Alternatively, the carrier of described absorption is the peat composed of rotten mosses; The temperature of described oven dry is no more than 65 DEG C; The granularity of described pulverizing is 500 ~ 600 orders.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
(1) 6 kind of bacterial classification can form spore shape, the viability of bacterial strain in severe salt affected soil is improved, after these function stems being carried out combination is composite and making composite fungus agent, the reproduction speed of each bacterial strain is accelerated, and the ability conformed further is promoted;
(2) fast activating soil, increases the permeability of soil; Improve soil ground temperature, be conducive to activating the phosphoric in soil, make the organic quick composting such as stalk, animal excrement simultaneously; Promote the photosynthesis of plant, accelerate nutrition and transform; Improve plant to absorb the conversion of the phosphorus in soil, potassium; Fixed nitrogen, growth-promoting;
(3) supplement the organic matter in saltings, improve soil activation; Make soil form crumb structure fast, prevent the soil organism and water loss, realize the function of water conservation, fertilizer conservation;
(4) supplement nitrogen element, supplement phosphoric;
(5) acid ion absorption saltings in metallic cation, in and saltings in alkalescence, be conducive to realizing soil acid-base equilibrium.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, embodiment of the present invention are described in detail, but it will be understood to those of skill in the art that the following example only for illustration of the present invention, and should not be considered as limiting the scope of the invention.Unreceipted actual conditions person in embodiment, the condition of conveniently conditioned disjunction manufacturers suggestion is carried out.Agents useful for same or the unreceipted production firm person of instrument, be and can buy by commercially available the conventional products obtained.
It is pointed out that in all embodiments of the invention, prepare the bacterial classification of composite fungus agent: cereuisiae fermentum (Saccharomyces cerevisiae Hansen); Photosynthetic bacterium (photosynthetic bacteria); Subtilis (Bacillus subtilis [Ehernberg]); Root nodule bacterium (rhizobia); Trichoderma viride (Trichoderma viridePers.Ex Fr.); Bacillusmusilaginosiengineering (Bacillus mucilaginosus), all buys from national bacterial classification storage center.
Embodiment 1
The microbial-bacterial fertilizer of the improvement salt affected soil that the present embodiment 1 provides, with parts by weight, raw material comprises: the peat composed of rotten mosses 45 parts, Angel Yeast residue 25 parts, monoammonium phosphate 5 parts, 15 parts, ammonium sulfate, composite fungus agent 1 part;
Described composite fungus agent comprises following component: cereuisiae fermentum, photosynthetic bacterium, subtilis, root nodule bacterium, trichoderma viride and bacillusmusilaginosiengineering.
Embodiment 2
The microbial-bacterial fertilizer of the improvement salt affected soil that the present embodiment 2 provides, with parts by weight, raw material comprises: the peat composed of rotten mosses 55 parts, Angel Yeast residue 35 parts, monoammonium phosphate 15 parts, 5 parts, ammonium sulfate, composite fungus agent 3 parts;
Described composite fungus agent comprises following component: cereuisiae fermentum, photosynthetic bacterium, subtilis, root nodule bacterium, trichoderma viride and bacillusmusilaginosiengineering.
The pH of the described peat composed of rotten mosses is 4.5, content of humic acid is not less than 60%, moisture content not higher than 15%, fineness 180 order;
The xanthohumic acid content of described Angel Yeast residue is not less than 25%, aminoacids content is not less than 10%, K
2o content is not less than 10%, nitrogen content is not less than 3%, moisture content not higher than 2%, pH is 5.8, fineness 180 order.
Embodiment 3
The microbial-bacterial fertilizer of the improvement salt affected soil that the present embodiment 3 provides, with parts by weight, raw material comprises: the peat composed of rotten mosses 50 parts, Angel Yeast residue 30 parts, monoammonium phosphate 10 parts, 10 parts, ammonium sulfate, composite fungus agent 2.5 parts;
Described composite fungus agent comprises following component: cereuisiae fermentum, photosynthetic bacterium, subtilis, root nodule bacterium, trichoderma viride and bacillusmusilaginosiengineering.
The pH of the described peat composed of rotten mosses is 5, content of humic acid is not less than 60%, moisture content not higher than 15%, fineness 200 order;
The xanthohumic acid content of described Angel Yeast residue is not less than 25%, aminoacids content is not less than 10%, K
2o content is not less than 10%, nitrogen content is not less than 3%, moisture content not higher than 2%, pH is 6, fineness 200 order.
Embodiment 4
The microbial-bacterial fertilizer of the improvement salt affected soil that the present embodiment 3 provides, with parts by weight, raw material comprises: the peat composed of rotten mosses 50 parts, Angel Yeast residue 30 parts, monoammonium phosphate 10 parts, 10 parts, ammonium sulfate, composite fungus agent 2.5 parts;
Described composite fungus agent comprises following component: cereuisiae fermentum, photosynthetic bacterium, subtilis, root nodule bacterium, trichoderma viride and bacillusmusilaginosiengineering.
The pH of the described peat composed of rotten mosses is 5, organic content is not less than 75%, content of humic acid is not less than 60%, moisture content not higher than 15%, fineness 200 order;
The xanthohumic acid content of described Angel Yeast residue is not less than 25%, aminoacids content is not less than 10%, K
2o content is not less than 10%, nitrogen content is not less than 3%, organic content is not less than 65%, moisture content not higher than 2%, pH is 6, fineness 200 order.
It is to be noted: organic for having the general name of bioactive material herein, comprising humic acid, xanthohumic acid and amino acid.
Embodiment 5
The present embodiment provides the preparation method of the microbial-bacterial fertilizer described in embodiment 4, comprises the steps:
Successively the peat composed of rotten mosses, composite fungus agent, Angel Yeast bacterium residue, monoammonium phosphate, ammonium sulfate are dropped in stirred pot and stirs 40 ~ 50 minutes.
The preparation method of described composite fungus agent is: described cereuisiae fermentum, photosynthetic bacterium, subtilis, root nodule bacterium, trichoderma viride and bacillusmusilaginosiengineering individually carry out inoculating, spread cultivation, ferment, adsorb, press filtration, oven dry and pulverizing, obtain the bacterium powder of described 6 kinds of bacterial strains successively, after according to the mass ratio of 1:1:1:1:2:2, bacterium powder is mixed successively.
Described inoculation specifically comprises:
1), YPD substratum, gravy peptone substratum and PDA substratum is prepared;
2), respectively described cereuisiae fermentum is inoculated in YPD substratum, described subtilis, bacillusmusilaginosiengineering and photosynthetic bacterium is inoculated in gravy peptone substratum, described root nodule bacterium and Trichoderma are inoculated in PDA substratum, cultivate 4 ~ 6 days.
In step 1) in: the formula of described YPD substratum comprises: yeast extract 10g, peptone 20g, glucose 20g, agar 20g and 1000mL deionized water, and its pH is 7.0;
The formula that described gravy freezes substratum comprises: extractum carnis 3g, peptone 7g, NaCl 3g, agar 20g and 1000mL deionized water, and its pH is 7.0;
The formula of described PDA substratum comprises: potato 200g, glucose 10g, agar 20g, Na
2hPO
45g and 1000mL deionized water, and its pH is 7.5.
In spreading cultivation, the culture temperature of cereuisiae fermentum is 28 DEG C, and incubation time is 48h; Photosynthetic bacterium culture temperature is 35 DEG C, and incubation time is 48h; Subtilis culture temperature is 30 DEG C, and incubation time is 48h; Root nodule bacterium culture temperature is 28 DEG C, and incubation time is 48h; Trichoderma viride culture temperature is 28 DEG C, and incubation time is 72h; The culture temperature of bacillusmusilaginosiengineering 30 DEG C, incubation time is 72h; Spread cultivation in process, all cultivate with the rotating speed of 150-180r/min with shaking table.
In the process of fermentation, nutrient solution used, according to weight parts, comprising: analysis for soybean powder 2 parts, fishbone powder 2 parts, W-Gum 2 parts, peanut oil 0.2 part, Zinc Sulphate Monohydrate 0.15 part, magnesium sulfate monohydrate 0.15 part, potassium primary phosphate 0.1 part and light calcium carbonate 0.15 part;
Inoculum size in fermenting process is: 0.5%; Fermentation time is 16 ~ 22h; It is 30 ~ 32 DEG C that leavening temperature controls at first 12 hours, after be adjusted to 36 ~ 38 DEG C;
Also ventilate in described fermenting process, in fermentation first 6 hours, air flow was 1:1v/v.m; After be adjusted to 1:1.3v/v.m.
Here v/v.m refers to the volume of air ratio by unit volume nutrient solution in per minute, represents air flow with ventilation ratio.
The carrier of described absorption is the peat composed of rotten mosses (its trophic component is consistent with the peat composed of rotten mosses in embodiment 3); The temperature of described oven dry is no more than 65 DEG C; The granularity of described pulverizing is 500 orders.
In order to make the result of use of product of the present invention best, spy is equipped with lower using method:
1, earth's surface takes clear water to irrigate, and increases arable layer moisture, makes stalk quick composting.Specifically comprise: irrigate with clear water after the surrounding ridging of improvement region, through natural drying 7 ~ 10 days in normal weather situation, topsoil gong humidity reaches 35% ~ 40%, the optimum humidity requirement of this humidity not still straw decomposing, also be the suitable humidity of probiotics Fast-propagation in microbial-bacterial fertilizer, also serve the effect of pressure alkali simultaneously through clear water flood irrigation.
2, spread fertilizer over the fields straw and anti-saline and alkaline microbial-bacterial fertilizer when soil humidity reaches 35% ~ 40%, every mu, with straw 15 cubes, is evenly sprinkling upon earth's surface after pulverizing.The earth's surface of spreading straw powder is evenly sprinkled into anti-saline and alkaline microbial-bacterial fertilizer (embodiment 3) 160 kilograms every mu, contribute to the optimum carbon nitrogen ratio standard that the carbon element content in stalk and the nitrogen content ratio in microbial-bacterial fertilizer reach straw decomposing, make straw decomposing more quick.
3, unify rotary tillage to plough, ridging after ploughing 10 days, the rotary tillage degree of depth is generally carried out according to 25 ~ 30 centimeters, can not be excessively dark, prevent from underground salification being rolled up come, the ground turned over carry out simply smooth after 10 days ridging again, the time major part stalk of 10 days becomes thoroughly decomposed, and now does ridge plantation and there will not be and heat up because becoming thoroughly decomposed and cause burning seedling; Ridge is high general at 25 ~ 30 centimeters, plantation the saline and alkaline of layer can be discharged to furrow, be beneficial to farm crop rhizosphere and depart from salt damage when the later stage waters.
According to above-mentioned processing mode, both the organic matter in soil and macroelement had been supplemented, in turn ensure that probiotics amount reproduction and decompose the salt ion in soil, not only improve the permeability of soil fast, stalk quick composting is converted into organic matter, the Mierocrystalline cellulose in stalk can also be utilized to serve as the saline and alkaline sealing coat of isolation in arable layer, saline and alkaline returning effectively can be stoped to blend crystal salt separate out, achieve many things at one stroke.
4, overlay film on duplicate rows plantation on ridge, middle laying drip irrigation zone, drip irrigation zone is taked, duplicate rows plantation can improve the water saving efficiency of drip irrigation greatly, on drip irrigation zone, laying plastic can reduce on the one hand moisture evaporation, and can also to reduce in soil in addition saline and alkaline separates out because moisture evaporation.
5, topdress, topdress and take water-fertilizer integral to be undertaken by drip irrigation, the fertile mode of planting the anti-saline and alkaline microbial-bacterial fertilizer of selection and mixing with macroelement Water soluble fertilizer, the content of water-soluble macroelement is 28% (15:5:8), and usage quantity is every mu each 20 kilograms.
Experimental example 1
Saltings comprehensive regulation application example:
In saltings, plantation cucumber is tested, cucumber adopts Tianjin 765 kind and pumpkin grafting, ridge height 25cm, row spacing 85cm, ridge is taked duplicate rows plant, drip irrigation zone is added in the ranks, overlay film on ridge, concrete operations are: flood irrigates 7 days every mu of maize straw 15 cubes executing pulverizing, anti-saline and alkaline microbial-bacterial fertilizer (embodiment 4) 160 kilograms, diammonium phosphate 50 kilograms afterwards; After cucumber bears fruit, the microbial-bacterial fertilizer provided by the invention (composite macroelement Water soluble fertilizer makes total nutrient reach 28%) of every 10 days drip irrigations 20 kgs/acre.
After applying product of the present invention, saltings cucumber per mu yield after this improvement reaches 18000 jin, and front according to identical planting patterns (not applying the microbial-bacterial fertilizer of improvement salt affected soil provided by the invention), this saltings can not be used for planting any farm crop.
In addition, table 1 also list and administering the every physical and chemical index contrast before and after saltings according to above-mentioned comprehensive regulation application method.
Every physical and chemical index that is front and this saltings after administering administered by table 1
| Salt | pH | Organic | Full nitrogen | Alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen | |
| Before pressure alkali | 0.69％ | 9.5 | 0.3％ | 0.06％ | 98ppm |
| Pressure alkali 7 days | 0.28％ | 8.6 | 0.28％ | 0.048％ | 79ppm |
| Plant 30 days | 0.04％ | 6.5 | 2.6％ | 0.64％ | 235ppm |
As can be seen from data shown in the above results and table 1, the microbial-bacterial fertilizer of improvement salt affected soil provided by the invention can reduce soil salinity and alkalinity fast, increase content that is organic and available nitrogen, can be applied to Planting Crops.
Although illustrate and describe the present invention with specific embodiment, however it will be appreciated that can to make when not deviating from the spirit and scope of the present invention many other change and amendment.Therefore, this means to comprise all such changes and modifications belonged in the scope of the invention in the following claims.
Claims (10)
1. improve a microbial-bacterial fertilizer for salt affected soil, it is characterized in that, with parts by weight, the raw material of described microbial-bacterial fertilizer comprises:
The peat composed of rotten mosses 45 ~ 55 parts, Angel Yeast residue 25 ~ 35 parts, monoammonium phosphate 5 ~ 15 parts, 5 ~ 15 parts, ammonium sulfate, composite fungus agent 1 ~ 3 part;
Described composite fungus agent comprises following component: cereuisiae fermentum, photosynthetic bacterium, subtilis, root nodule bacterium, trichoderma viride and bacillusmusilaginosiengineering.
2. microbial-bacterial fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, with parts by weight, the raw material of described microbial-bacterial fertilizer comprises:
The peat composed of rotten mosses 48 ~ 50 parts, Angel Yeast residue 29 ~ 30 parts, monoammonium phosphate 8 ~ 10 parts, 10 ~ 11 parts, ammonium sulfate, composite fungus agent 2.3 ~ 2.5 parts.
3. microbial-bacterial fertilizer according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that,
The pH of the described peat composed of rotten mosses is 4.5 ~ 5.5, content of humic acid is not less than 60%, moisture content not higher than 15%, fineness 180 ~ 220 order;
The xanthohumic acid content of described Angel Yeast residue is not less than 25%, aminoacids content is not less than 10%, K
2o content is not less than 10%, nitrogen content is not less than 3%, moisture not higher than 2%, pH is 5.8 ~ 6.0, fineness 180 ~ 220 order.
4. a preparation method for microbial-bacterial fertilizer described in any one of claims 1 to 3, is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
Successively the peat composed of rotten mosses, composite fungus agent, Angel Yeast bacterium residue, monoammonium phosphate, ammonium sulfate are dropped in stirred pot and stirs 40 ~ 50 minutes.
5. preparation method according to claim 4, is characterized in that, the preparation method of described composite fungus agent is:
Described cereuisiae fermentum, photosynthetic bacterium, subtilis, root nodule bacterium, trichoderma viride and bacillusmusilaginosiengineering individually carry out inoculating, spread cultivation, ferment, adsorb, press filtration, oven dry and pulverizing, obtain the bacterium powder of described 6 kinds of bacterial strains successively, after according to the mass ratio of 1:1:1:1:2:2, bacterium powder is mixed successively.
6. preparation method according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described inoculation specifically comprises:
1), YPD substratum, gravy peptone substratum and PDA substratum is prepared;
2), respectively described cereuisiae fermentum is inoculated in YPD substratum, described subtilis, bacillusmusilaginosiengineering and photosynthetic bacterium is inoculated in gravy peptone substratum, described root nodule bacterium and Trichoderma are inoculated in PDA substratum, cultivate 4 ~ 6 days.
7. preparation method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, in step 1) in:
According to weight parts, described YPD substratum comprises: yeast extract 8 ~ 12 parts, peptone 18 ~ 22 parts, glucose 18 ~ 22 parts, 18 ~ 22 parts, agar and 1000 parts of deionized waters, and its pH is 6.8 ~ 7.2;
According to weight parts, described gravy freezes substratum and comprises: extractum carnis 1 ~ 5 part, peptone 5 ~ 8 parts, NaCl 1 ~ 5 part, 18 ~ 22 parts, agar and 1000 parts of deionized waters, and its pH is 6.8 ~ 7.2;
According to weight parts, described PDA substratum comprises: 190 ~ 210 parts, potato, glucose 8 ~ 12 parts, 18 ~ 22 parts, agar, Na
2hPO
44 ~ 6 parts and 1000 parts of deionized waters, and its pH is 7.0 ~ 7.6.
8. preparation method according to claim 5, is characterized in that, in described spreading cultivation, the culture temperature of cereuisiae fermentum is 27 ~ 29 DEG C, and incubation time is 46 ~ 50h; Photosynthetic bacterium culture temperature is 34 ~ 36 DEG C, and incubation time is 46 ~ 50h; Subtilis culture temperature is 29 ~ 31 DEG C, and incubation time is 46 ~ 50h; Root nodule bacterium culture temperature is 27 ~ 29 DEG C, and incubation time is 46 ~ 50h; Trichoderma viride culture temperature is 27 ~ 29 DEG C, and incubation time is 70 ~ 75h; The culture temperature of bacillusmusilaginosiengineering 29 ~ 31 DEG C, incubation time is 70 ~ 75h; And all cultivate with the rotating speed of 150-180r/min with shaking table in the process that spreads cultivation.
9. preparation method according to claim 5, is characterized in that, in the process of described fermentation,
Nutrient solution used, according to weight parts, comprising: analysis for soybean powder 1.8 ~ 2.3 parts, fishbone powder 1.8 ~ 2.2 parts, W-Gum 1.8 ~ 2.2 parts, peanut oil 0.18 ~ 0.22 part, Zinc Sulphate Monohydrate 0.13 ~ 0.18 part, magnesium sulfate monohydrate 0.13 ~ 0.18 part, potassium primary phosphate 0.1 ~ 0.12 part and light calcium carbonate 0.14 ~ 0.16 part;
Inoculum size in fermenting process is: 0.5%;
Fermentation time is 16 ~ 22h; And at first 12 hours, leavening temperature was 30 ~ 32 DEG C, after be adjusted to 36 ~ 38 DEG C;
Also ventilate in fermenting process, at first 6 hours, air flow was 1:1v/v.m; After be adjusted to 1:1.3v/v.m.
10. microbial-bacterial fertilizer according to claim 5, is characterized in that,
The carrier of described absorption is the peat composed of rotten mosses; The temperature of described oven dry is no more than 65 DEG C; The granularity of described pulverizing is 500 ~ 600 orders.
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