CN104604040A - 功率模块用连接端子 - Google Patents
功率模块用连接端子 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
提供一种能够稳定地维持良好的接触状态的功率模块用连接端子。连接端子(3)形成功率模块的一部分,该功率模块具备:半导体元件;安装该半导体元件的基板;以及筒状的导电性的保持部件,其与基板的表面相接合,且在与表面正交的方向上延伸,该连接端子(3)通过被所述保持部件保持从而将外部的电路与基板始终电连接,并且该连接端子(3)对导电性的线材进行卷绕而成,该连接端子(3)具有:插入部(31),其至少一部分被紧密卷绕,且插入到保持部件的中空部;粗绕部(32),其以规定的间隔卷绕有线材;以及接触部(34),其设置于粗绕部(32)的与插入部(31)侧的端部不同的一侧的端部,且与外部的电路相接触;插入部(31)具有直径比中空部的直径大的压入部。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及在功率模块中使用的功率模块用连接端子。
背景技术
以往以来,从工业用、汽车用等的功率控制到电动机控制,作为在广泛的领域中使用的节能化的关键器件,已知有具备电力控制用的半导体元件的功率模块。功率模块具备:安装了多个半导体元件的基板;以及分别与各半导体元件连接并进行电力的输入输出的多个连接端子。
在功率模块中,对连接端子要求可靠地进行外部的电路基板与功率模块的基板之间的电导通。作为这样的连接端子,公开有以下连接端子,该连接端子具备:形成销状且与基板的电极相接触的第1接触装置;形成弯曲形状且与外部的控制电路基板相接触的第2接触装置;以及形成盘簧状且设置于第1接触装置与第2接触装置之间的弹性部分(例如,参照专利文献1)。该连接端子穿过形成于功率模块的外壳的孔中而被保持。
在先技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:JP特开2008-153657号公报
发明概要
发明要解决的课题
但是,在上述专利文献1中记载的现有技术中,由于连接端子的负荷依赖于由控制电路基板给出的压缩力,所以如果控制电路基板因振动等发生变形,则存在连接端子与基板以及控制电路基板之间的接触电阻会发生变化这样的问题。
发明内容
本发明鉴于上述情况而完成,其目的在于,提供一种能够稳定地维持良好的接触状态的功率模块用连接端子。
用于解决课题的手段
为了解决上述课题并达成目的,本发明涉及的功率模块用连接端子形成功率模块的一部分,该功率模块具备:半导体元件;安装该半导体元件的基板;以及筒状的导电性的保持部件,其与所述基板的表面相接合,且在与该表面正交的方向上延伸;该功率模块用连接端子通过被所述保持部件保持从而将外部的电路与所述基板始终电连接,并且该功率模块用连接端子由导电性的线材卷绕而成,该功率模块用连接端子的特征在于,具有:插入部,其至少一部分被紧密卷绕,且插入到所述保持部件的中空部;粗绕部,其以规定的间隔卷绕有所述线材;以及接触部,其设置于所述粗绕部的与所述插入部侧的端部不同的一侧的端部,且与所述外部的电路相接触,所述插入部具有直径比所述中空部的直径大的压入部。
此外,本发明涉及的功率模块用连接端子的特征在于,在上述发明中,所述压入部设置于绕线方向的中间部。
此外,本发明涉及的功率模块用连接端子的特征在于,在上述发明中,所述插入部具有:第1插入部,其设置于端部,与所述压入部连接,且由所述线材以比所述中空部的直径小的直径卷绕而成;以及第2插入部,其与所述压入部的与相连于所述第1插入部的一侧不同的一侧的端部连接,且由所述线材以比所述中空部的直径小的直径紧密卷绕而成。
此外,本发明涉及的功率模块用连接端子的特征在于,在上述发明中,所述压入部将所述线材卷绕一圈而成。
此外,本发明涉及的功率模块用连接端子的特征在于,在上述发明中,具有扩径部,该扩径部设置于所述第2插入部与所述粗绕部之间,且由线材以从与所述插入部连结的连结侧的端部起朝向所述粗绕部扩径成锥形形状的方式卷绕而成。
此外,本发明涉及的功率模块用连接端子的特征在于,在上述发明中,所述接触部由线材以朝向前端缩径成锥形形状的方式卷绕而成。
此外,本发明涉及的功率模块用连接端子的特征在于,在上述发明中,在所述接触部的与所述外部的电路相接触的一侧的端部,至少半圈的线材处于同一平面上。
此外,本发明涉及的功率模块用连接端子的特征在于,在上述发明中,所述第1插入部通过紧密卷绕而成。
此外,本发明涉及的功率模块用连接端子的特征在于,在上述发明中,所述第1插入部从所述压入部侧朝向前端缩径成锥形形状。
此外,本发明涉及的功率模块用连接端子的特征在于,在上述发明中,所述第1插入部以规定的间隔卷绕而成。
发明效果
根据本发明,具备:线材的至少一部分被紧密卷绕,且插入到保持部件,由该保持部件保持的插入部;以规定的间隔卷绕有线材的粗绕部;以及设置于粗绕部的与插入部侧的端部不同的一侧的端部,且与外部的基板相接触的接触部;插入部具有直径比保持部件的内径大的压入部,从而起到能够稳定地维持良好的接触状态的效果。
附图说明
图1是表示本发明的实施方式涉及的功率模块的结构的立体图。
图2是表示图1所示的功率模块的连接端子的结构的示意图。
图3是表示将基板安装于本发明的实施方式涉及的功率模块的情况的图。
图4是表示图2所示的连接端子的主要部分的结构的示意图。
图5是表示图2所示的连接端子的主要部分的结构的剖面图。
图6是表示图2所示的连接端子的主要部分的结构的示意图。
图7是示意性表示本发明的实施方式的变形例1涉及的功率模块的主要部分的结构的部分剖面图。
图8是表示本发明的实施方式的变形例2涉及的功率模块的连接端子的结构的示意图。
图9是表示本发明的实施方式的变形例3涉及的功率模块的连接端子的结构的示意图。
具体实施方式
以下,与附图一起详细地说明用于实施本发明的方式。另外,并不是通过以下的实施方式来限定本发明。此外,在以下的说明中参照的各图仅是简要地以能够理解本发明的内容的程度来示出形状、大小、以及位置关系。即,本发明并不仅限定于各图中所例示的形状、大小、以及位置关系。
图1是表示本发明的实施方式涉及的功率模块1的结构的立体图。图2是表示图1所示的功率模块1的连接端子3的结构的示意图。图3是表示将基板安装于本实施方式涉及的功率模块1的情况的图。图1所示的功率模块1具备:安装了多个半导体元件的基板2;通过与外部的电路(控制电路基板9)电接触,从而始终将该电路与基板2电连接的导电性的连接端子3;以及与基板2的表面相接合,且形成在与该表面正交的方向上延伸的柱状,并对连接端子3进行保持的导电性的保持部件4。
基板2具有:使用绝缘性的树脂或者陶瓷等绝缘性材料构成的板状的母材5;安装于母材5的主面的多个半导体元件6;设置于母材5的主面的多个电极7;以及将半导体元件6与电极7电连接的导线8。
作为构成母材5的陶瓷,例如能够应用氮化铝、氮化硅等氮化物系陶瓷、或氧化铝、氧化镁、氧化锆、滑石、镁橄榄石、多铝红柱石、二氧化钛、二氧化硅、硅铝氧氮聚合材料等氧化物系陶瓷、或以铜、铝或者铁作为主成分的金属。其中,从耐久性、导热性等观点出发,优选氮化物系陶瓷。另外,在由金属构成母材5的情况下,在母材5的外表面形成绝缘层。
半导体元件6是二极管、晶体管、IGBT(绝缘栅双极晶体管)等功率器件中的任一种。另外,虽然在图1中将所有的半导体元件记载为“半导体元件6”,但是这些半导体元件6的种类可以彼此不同。半导体元件6通过焊料而接合于基板2上。
电极7通过使用铜或铝等金属或者合金进行图案化,从而形成用于向安装于基板2的半导体元件6等传送电信号的电路图案的一部分。
连接端子3是将线材卷绕成大致螺旋状的盘簧,且具有:对线材进行紧密卷绕,且插入到保持部件4的中空部41而由保持部件4紧密固定的插入部31;从插入部31的一端开始延伸,且以从与插入部31连结的连结侧的端部起扩径成锥形形状的方式对线材进行紧密卷绕的扩径部32;从扩径部32的与相连于插入部31的一侧的端部不同的一侧的端部开始延伸,且以比插入部31以及扩径部32粗的间距对线材进行卷绕的粗绕部33;从粗绕部33的与相连于扩径部32的一侧的端部不同的一侧的端部开始延伸,且直径朝向前端缩小成锥形形状,并在该前端与外部的控制电路基板9(电极9a)相接触的接触部34。具有以上结构的连接端子3使用具有导电性的金属或者合金来构成。具体来说,连接端子3例如使用磷青铜、铬铜、铍铜、或者科耳生铜等铜合金来构成。
插入部31、扩径部32、粗绕部33、以及接触部34的卷绕的各中心轴彼此一致。扩径部32的外径之中,至少最大的直径(例如,扩径部32的粗绕部33的端部的直径)比中空部41的直径(无法通过压入插入到中空部41的程度的直径)大。
保持部件4立设于与基板2的电极7的表面正交的方向上,且由形成中空圆筒状的金属或者合金形成。保持部件4在由作为圆筒状的中空空间的中空部41紧贴连接端子3的插入部31的一部分的状态下进行保持。保持部件4通过焊料等与电极7相接合。
在将连接端子3固定于保持部件4时,将插入部31向中空部41插入,通过插入部31的一部分进行压入来将连接端子3固定于保持部件4。由此,实现功率模块1中的连接端子3的安装构造。
此外,通过对功率模块1安装控制电路基板9,从而经由连接端子3将保持部件4与控制电路基板9的电极9a电连接(参照图3)。此时,通过粗绕部33相对于来自外部(控制电路基板9)的负荷发生弹性变形,从而吸收该负荷。
图4是表示图2所示的连接端子3的主要部分的结构的示意图。图5是表示图2所示的连接端子3的主要部分的结构的剖面图,是插入部31与扩径部32的连接部分附近的剖面图。另外,图5的剖面图是由经过连接端子3的卷绕中心轴的平面来切断的剖面图。
如图4、5所示,插入部31具有:设置于端部,且由线材以比中空部41的直径(保持部件4的内径)小的直径紧密卷绕而成的第1插入部31a;与第1插入部31a相连,且由线材以比中空部41的直径大的直径卷绕而成的压入部31b;以及在一端与压入部31b相连,在另一端与扩径部32相连,且由线材以比中空部41的直径小的直径、或者与第1插入部31a相等的直径紧密卷绕而成的第2插入部31c。另外,在本实施方式中,压入部31b将线材卷绕一圈而成,且该卷绕的最大直径R1比中空部41的直径r大。此外,在本实施方式中,第1插入部31a以及第2插入部31c以相同的直径被卷绕,且卷绕的直径R2比中空部41的径r小。此外,压入部31b在第1插入部31a以及第2插入部31c的各连结部分处被紧密卷绕而成。
如果插入部31插入到中空部41,则第1插入部31a在中空部41中进行引导,压入部31b压入到中空部41。之后,第2插入部31c被插入到中空部41,中空部41与扩径部32相抵接而使连接端子3相对于保持部件4的插入完成。由此,连接端子3相对于保持部件4被定位。
此时,在插入部31仅压入部31b与中空部41(保持部件4的内壁)相接触,第1插入部31a以及第2插入部31c处于与中空部41非接触的状态。此外,压入部31b通过压入到中空部41,从而从接触端子3的长边方向观察到的线材的卷绕形状形成椭圆或者圆,且线材在与该椭圆的长轴相交叉的2点、或者在圆的外周面与中空部41相接触。因此,在连接端子3中,通过压入部31b而与保持部件4相接触,能够进行电导通。另外,在压入部31b中,优选将卷绕的直径设计(控制)为,成为与椭圆的长轴相交叉的2点的接触形式、或者圆的外周面的接触形式当中的任一个接触形式。
在从控制电路基板9对基板2输出了电信号的情况下,在连接端子3中,电信号从控制电路基板9被传递至接触部34后,经过接触部34、粗绕部33、扩径部32,被传送至插入部31的第2插入部31c,并从压入部31b经由保持部件4(中空部41)到达基板2。此外,通过将接触部34、扩径部32、第2插入部31c以及压入部31b进行紧密卷绕,从而能够降低电感。
此外,在插入部31中,相对于来自外部的负荷,始终在由压入部31b决定的2点处与中空部41相接触。即,在连接端子3中,不论来自外部的负荷如何,都能够始终以固定的接触状态与保持部件4相接触。
图6是表示图2所示的连接端子3的主要部分的结构的示意图。在图6所示的接触部34的与控制电路基板9的电极9a接触的一侧的端部34a中,至少前端的半圈的线材处于平面P上。这里,在本实施方式中,平面P是与连接端子3的绕线方向的中心轴N正交的平面。另外,在前端部34,在端部34a中设置卷绕间隔来进行卷绕,并在端部34a以外的部分进行紧密卷绕。
由此,例如在电极9a形成平板状的情况下,能够使电极9a与端部34a之间的接触面积与端部被卷绕为螺旋状的情况相比变大。
根据上述的实施方式,在插入部31的一部分中,由于形成了以比中空部41大的直径对线材进行紧密卷绕而成的压入部31b,所以能够稳定地维持良好的接触状态。此外,由于通过压入来将连接端子3(压入部31b)固定于保持部件4(中空部41),所以不会受到连接端子3的另一端处的控制电路基板9的振动所带来的影响,能够使连接端子3与保持部件4之间的接触稳定化。进一步地,通过压入,压入部31b在对中空部41的内部壁面进行磨削的同时被插入。由此,能够去除形成于中空部41的壁面的氧化膜,实现良好的电导通。
此外,根据上述的实施方式,通过使扩径部32与中空部41的端部相抵接,从而进行接触端子3与保持部件4的定位,所以能够对功率模块1中的连接端子3的突出高度进行规定。
这里,由于插入部31被紧密卷绕,所以插入部31的线材的卷绕的直径精度以及刚性高,适于向中空部41压入。此外,由于通过压入来使连接端子3(压入部31b)与保持部件4(中空部41)相接触,所以连接端子3与保持部件4之间的承压高,能够降低接触电阻。进一步地,由于压入部31b相当于一圈的卷绕,所以与多次卷绕而成的情况相比,能够减小压入所需的负荷。此外,通过对压入部31b的卷绕的直径进行控制,从而能够对压入部31b与中空部41的接触个数进行规定。
此外,由于扩径部32是紧密卷绕,所以能够抑制由于将连接端子3插入到保持部件4时的负荷而使形状被破坏的情况。即,与以规定的间隔对扩径部32进行卷绕的粗绕的情况相比,能够更可靠地进行连接端子3的插入时的负荷所决定的连接端子3的形状维持。此外,能够通过将连接端子3插入到保持部件4时的负荷来得到连接端子3的固定(setting)效果,从而能够提高连接端子3的耐久性。
此外,通过对扩径部32的扩径比率进行调整,能够调整对扩径部32的相邻线材间进行连接的线段与连接端子3的绕线方向的中心轴N所成的角度。通过调整该角度,能够调整扩径部32的配设高度,由此能够调整连接端子3的中心轴N方向的长度。此外,通过使该角度最优化,能够兼顾连接端子3的省空间化以及耐负荷性提高。
此外,根据上述的实施方式,由于使接触部34的端部34a历经半周而在同一平面上被卷绕,所以能够与控制电路基板9的电极9a进行相当于端部34a的半周的面积的线接触。由此,能够实现连接端子3与电极9a的稳定的接触。另一方面,如果如现有技术那样使线材在卷绕成螺旋状的状态下与电极9a相接触,则由线材的前端来切削电极9a,会有接触电阻发生变化之虞。
另外,在上述的实施方式中,说明了压入部31b相当于一圈的卷绕,但是也可以是两圈的卷绕,也可以是三圈的卷绕。此时,要与负荷无关地使接触状态成为固定,优选以较少的卷绕数与中空部41相接触。此外,在被卷绕多次的情况下,优选被紧密卷绕。
插入部31的压入部31b也能够配设于插入部31的任意位置。这里,压入部31b优选是插入部31的中心轴N方向的两端的一圈卷绕以外的位置(中间部)。这里,为了向中空部41引导插入部31,第1插入部31a优选被卷绕多次。此外,为了将扩径部32所关联的直径设为连续的情形来抑制连接端子3的压入所导致的破坏,优选第2插入部31c被卷绕一圈以上。
此外,在上述的实施方式中,说明了将连接端子3插入到保持部件4的中空部41的情况,但是也可以取代保持部件4,而按照基板2的电极7的配设位置来形成通孔,并将连接端子3插入到该通孔中。图7是示意性表示本实施方式的变形例1涉及的功率模块的主要部分的结构的部分剖面图。在图7所示的基板2a的母材5a中,形成有按照形成于母材5a的表面的电极7a而设置的贯通母材5a的板厚方向的通孔4a。此外,在通孔4a的内面形成筒状,并形成有与电极7a连接的导电性的内部布线42。此时,内部布线42的内周(相当于中空部的直径)是与上述的中空部41相等的直径r。通过将上述的连接端子3插入到内部布线42,从而压入部31b压入到内部布线42,连接端子3与电极7a电导通。
图8是表示本实施方式的变形例2涉及的功率模块1的连接端子3a的结构的示意图。另外,在图1等中对与上述的连接端子3相同的结构要素附加相同的符号。在上述的实施方式中,说明了第1插入部31a是紧密卷绕的,但是也可以如图8所示,是具有由以规定的间距对线材进行卷绕的粗绕形成的第1插入部35a的插入部35。
由此,如果对压入部31b施加负荷,则通过第1插入部35a发生变形,能够将该负荷释放到外部。例如,如果对压入部31b施加负荷而使直径缩小,则第1插入部35a的直径扩大。因此,能够抑制对压入部31b施加多余的负荷,能够使连接端子3a相对于保持部件4或者通孔4a的固定状态更适当。
图9是表示本实施方式的变形例3涉及的功率模块1的连接端子3b的结构的示意图。另外,在图1等中对与上述的连接端子3相同的结构要素附加相同的符号。在上述的实施方式中,说明了以相同的直径对第1插入部31a进行卷绕的情况,但是也可以如图9所示,是具有以朝向前端缩小为锥形形状的方式对线材进行卷绕的第1插入部36a的插入部36。
由此,在将连接端子3b插入到中空部41或者内部布线42时,能够更容易地插入到中空部41或者内部布线42,从而将连接端子3b配置于保持部件4或者通孔4a中。
此外,在本发明中,从基板的表面至与控制电路基板的配置位置相应的高度为止,可以由树脂来密封。作为这样的树脂,例如能够应用将二氧化硅粉末作为填料来进行了填充的环氧树脂。此时,在树脂中形成使连接端子穿过的穿通孔。
这样,本发明能够包括这里没有记载的各种实施方式等,在不脱离由权利要求书的范围确定的技术思想的范围内能够实施各种设计变更等。
工业可利用性
如以上,本发明涉及的功率模块用连接端子对于稳定地维持良好的接触状态是有用的。
符号说明:
1 功率模块
2,2a 基板
3,3a,3b 连接端子
4 保持部件
4a 通孔
5,5a 母材
6 半导体元件
7 电极
8 导线
31 插入部
31a,35a,36a 第1插入部
31b 压入部
31c 第2插入部
32 扩径部
33 粗绕部
34 接触部
34a 端部
41 中空部
42 内部布线
Claims (10)
1.一种功率模块用连接端子,其形成功率模块的一部分,该功率模块具备:半导体元件;安装该半导体元件的基板;以及筒状的导电性的保持部件,其与所述基板的表面相接合,且在与该表面正交的方向上延伸,
该功率模块用连接端子通过被所述保持部件保持从而将外部的电路与所述基板始终电连接,并且该功率模块用连接端子由导电性的线材卷绕而成,
该功率模块用连接端子的特征在于,具有:
插入部,其至少一部分被紧密卷绕,且插入到所述保持部件的中空部;
粗绕部,其以规定的间隔卷绕有所述线材;以及
接触部,其设置于所述粗绕部的与所述插入部侧的端部不同的一侧的端部,且与所述外部的电路相接触,
所述插入部具有直径比所述中空部的直径大的压入部。
2.根据权利要求1所述的功率模块用连接端子,其特征在于,
所述压入部设置于绕线方向的中间部。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的功率模块用连接端子,其特征在于,
所述插入部具有:
第1插入部,其设置于端部,与所述压入部连接,且由所述线材以比所述中空部的直径小的直径卷绕而成;以及
第2插入部,其与所述压入部的与相连于所述第1插入部的一侧不同的一侧的端部连接,且由所述线材以比所述中空部的直径小的直径紧密卷绕而成。
4.根据权利要求3所述的功率模块用连接端子,其特征在于,
所述压入部由所述线材卷绕一圈而成。
5.根据权利要求3或4所述的功率模块用连接端子,其特征在于,
具有扩径部,该扩径部设置于所述第2插入部与所述粗绕部之间,且由线材以从与所述插入部连结的连结侧的端部起朝向所述粗绕部扩径成锥形形状的方式卷绕而成。
6.根据权利要求1~5中任一项所述的功率模块用连接端子,其特征在于,
所述接触部由线材以朝向前端缩径成锥形形状的方式卷绕而成。
7.根据权利要求1~6中任一项所述的功率模块用连接端子,其特征在于,
在所述接触部的与所述外部的电路相接触的一侧的端部,至少半圈的线材处于同一平面上。
8.根据权利要求3所述的功率模块用连接端子,其特征在于,
所述第1插入部通过紧密卷绕而成。
9.根据权利要求8所述的功率模块用连接端子,其特征在于,
所述第1插入部从所述压入部侧朝向前端缩径成锥形形状。
10.根据权利要求3所述的功率模块用连接端子,其特征在于,
所述第1插入部以规定的间隔卷绕而成。
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JP2012-203612 | 2012-09-14 | ||
JP2012203612 | 2012-09-14 | ||
PCT/JP2013/074944 WO2014042264A1 (ja) | 2012-09-14 | 2013-09-13 | パワーモジュール用接続端子 |
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CN104604040A true CN104604040A (zh) | 2015-05-06 |
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US (1) | US9379465B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP2897231A4 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP5933728B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR20150038570A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN104604040A (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2014042264A1 (zh) |
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JPWO2014042264A1 (ja) | 2016-08-18 |
WO2014042264A1 (ja) | 2014-03-20 |
EP2897231A4 (en) | 2016-06-01 |
KR20150038570A (ko) | 2015-04-08 |
JP5933728B2 (ja) | 2016-06-15 |
EP2897231A1 (en) | 2015-07-22 |
US9379465B2 (en) | 2016-06-28 |
US20150255903A1 (en) | 2015-09-10 |
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