CN104591888A - Method for preventing and treating fragrant pear rot, preparation thereof and production method of preparation - Google Patents
Method for preventing and treating fragrant pear rot, preparation thereof and production method of preparation Download PDFInfo
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- CN104591888A CN104591888A CN201410852644.3A CN201410852644A CN104591888A CN 104591888 A CN104591888 A CN 104591888A CN 201410852644 A CN201410852644 A CN 201410852644A CN 104591888 A CN104591888 A CN 104591888A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
- C05D9/02—Other inorganic fertilisers containing trace elements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preventing and treating fragrant pear rot, a biological preparation thereof and a production method of the biological preparation; the biological preparation comprises stock solution formed by fermenting animal faeces and a microbial compound fertilizer; and the microbial compound fertilizer is mainly prepared from a microbial photosynthetic bactericide, a microbial bactericide, a trace element agent and a plant conditioner. Compared with the prior art, by means of the synergistic effects of the plurality of microbial bactericides, soil is activated; a soil hardening structure is improved; application of single chemical fertilizer is reduced; the bactericides are used in combination with the plant conditioner, so that plants are in the best growth state; furthermore, freezing damage is prevented easily; particularly, the added photosynthetic bactericide is capable of promoting plant photosynthesis and increasing immunity; the yield and the quality of fruits can be effectively increased; compared with application of a common chemical fertilizer, after the biological preparation disclosed by the invention is applied to Korla fragrant pears, the rot morbidity is reduced by 70%, and the rot cure rate can achieve 85%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the biological technical field of plant disease control, particularly relate to a kind of prevent and treat bergamot pear canker method and the production method of biotechnological formulation used and this biotechnological formulation.
Background technology
Kuerle delicious pear is one of excellent Local Pear Variety of China, and the cultivation history of existing 1300, is ancient Local Excellent kind so far.Finding a good sale in the countries and regions such as the U.S., Europe, South East Asia, port, Australia, is that the main exit of China is earned foreign exchange fruit.Current Kuerle delicious pear average annual productivity about 800,000 tons, cultivated area about 1,000,000 mu.The demand of Kuerle delicious pear about 120 ~ 1,500,000 tons, output has larger gap apart from the market requirement.The yield and quality improving Kuerle delicious pear is the major issue faced at present.
But Fungus of Pear Canker Disease is day by day serious in recent years, become the major obstacle affecting bergamot pear and produce, many pear tree Large Scale Deaths, Kuerle delicious pear cultivated area in 2013 starts to decline.Kuerle delicious pear canker, mainly freeze injury and saline and alkaline, desertify and use chemical fertilizer in a large number, soil compaction, organic decline, physicochemical structure is caused to worsen, ventilative, fertilizer conservation, poor water retention property, the root system of pear tree does not all descend bundle that tree vigo(u)r is weakened at frozen soil layer, nutrition is few, and disease-resistant anti-disaster ability decline causes.Canker main harm trunk and side shoot, after limb is caught an illness, often occur that bark rots, the lighter's tree vigo(u)r dies down, poor growth, and yield and quality declines, and severe one limb is withered, and even whole strain is dead.In recent years, canker problem more and more comes into one's own, and local government is classified as people's livelihood engineering, and bioremediation technology also becomes the focus of bergamot pear canker repairing research.
Relevant bergamot pear canker repairing research has more bibliographical information, (prevention and controls-06 phase of " rural science and technology " 1998 of bergamot pear canker; Control Kuerle delicious pear canker novel method-" northwest gardening (fruit tree monograph) "; Occurrence and control-agriculture the information of Kuerle delicious pear canker; Kuerle delicious pear preventing and treating rot disease measure-05 phase of " rural science and technology " 2012; The research of several bark rotten pathogenic bacteria qualification and biological characteristics, Sun Xiangrui, " agricultural science and technology "; The pests occurrence rule of Kuerle delicious pear canker and Prevention Technique, Fan Yingge, " plant protection " the 9th phase in 2010; Feng Yongyan etc., the Solutions and suggestions of Xinjiang Kuerle delicious pear industry Sustainable development, " Chinese agriculture information " the 6th phase in 2006; Ma Juan, the prevention and cure technology of Kuerle delicious pear canker, " environment protective plant protecting " the 10th phase in 2010).Through years of researches, proposition is strengthened management, applying organic manure, strike off disease portion tissue, smear the method such as sterilant, prevention frost damage, certain effect is had to treatment bergamot pear canker, but these method existence are fertile single, the time-consuming defect such as to take a lot of work of DeGrain, methods for the treatment of, not easily scale operations.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is for above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of microbiological comprehensive fertilizer and technology are provided, the sick Be very effective of control plant decay, there is the comprehensive effect promoting plant sterilization, conditioning plant physiology structure, improve product quality, be specially adapted to the application in bergamot pear preventing and treating rot disease.
The biotechnological formulation of the control bergamot pear canker in the present invention, its composition comprises stoste and the micro organism composite fertilizer of animal excrement fermentation.
Producing of stoste is as follows: get animal excrement, and by weight 2 ~ 3 times add water, and soaks 15 ~ 30 hours, stirs, and inserts in mechanical agitator tank, stir 25 ~ 40 minutes after removing impurity; Insert again in souring tank, self-souring fermentation 20 ~ 30 hours; Then insert three phase separation fermentor tank and carry out anaerobically fermenting, in three phase separation fermentor tank, anerobe is not less than 70%, and under 30 ~ 40 DEG C of constant temperatures, continuing fermentation obtains stoste in 80 ~ 100 hours.
Described animal excrement are the one in chicken manure or pig manure, or above-mentioned two kinds of mixing in any proportion.
The weight moiety of micro organism composite fertilizer is: the photosynthetic microbial inoculum of microorganism 8 ~ 12 parts, microbial bactericide 22 ~ 30 parts, micro-agent 20 ~ 50 parts, plant regulation agent 11 ~ 15 parts.
The preferred Rhodopseudomonas of the photosynthetic microbial inoculum of microorganism, as any one or two or more mixtures in Rhodopseudomonas palustris, Green color rhodopseudomonas, rhodopseudononas sulfovirdis, Pseudomonas sp., the best ﹥ of photosynthetic bacteria colony number 2 × 108/ml.
Microbial bactericide can be subtilis, bacillus megaterium, any one or more the mixture of arbitrary proportion of bacillus polymyxa.
Described microbial bactericide is preferably the mixture of in subtilis, bacillus megaterium, bacillus polymyxa three kinds of microbial inoculums any two kinds, and the proportioning between its any two kinds is 1:0.5 ~ 1:2.
The mixture of described subtilis, bacillus megaterium, bacillus polymyxa three kinds of microbial inoculums, preferably first fermented respectively by single culture and make, then the ratio mixing of three bacterial classifications 1:0.5:0.5 ~ 0.5:1:1 by weight, blending ratio is preferably 1:0.8:0.8 ~ 1:1.2:1.2, the best ﹥ of colony number 2 × 108/ml.
Described micro-agent at least comprises copper sulfate, ferrous sulfate, manganous sulfate, zinc sulfate, magnesium sulfate, calcareous fertilisers, molydbenum fertilizer, boric acid, and its preferred weight proportion is: 3 ~ 8 parts, copper sulfate, 40 ~ 70 parts, ferrous sulfate, manganous sulfate 6 ~ 10 parts, 20 ~ 40 parts, zinc sulfate, 20 ~ 40 parts, magnesium sulfate, calcareous fertilisers 20 ~ 40 parts, molydbenum fertilizer 0 ~ 0.15 part, boric acid 20 ~ 40 parts.
The moiety of plant regulation agent at least comprises: amino acid, potassium fulvate, indolylacetic acid, naphthylacetic acid, Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins, sodium nitrophenolate, rare earth, molydbenum fertilizer, zeatin.
The optimum ratio of plant regulation agent is: amino acid/11 .2 ~ 1.4 part, potassium fulvate 1.2 ~ 1.5 parts, indolylacetic acid 0.003 ~ 0.005 part, naphthylacetic acid 0.04 ~ 0.05 part, Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins 0.02 ~ 0.03 part, sodium nitrophenolate 0.01 ~ 0.02 part, rare earth 0.12 ~ 0.14 part, molydbenum fertilizer 0.004 ~ 0.005 part, zeatin 0.4 ~ 0.6 part.
In above-mentioned biotechnological formulation, preferably in micro organism composite fertilizer, add nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, specifically in 100 parts of micro organism composite fertilizers, add 10 ~ 15 parts, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer 5 ~ 8,5 ~ 8 parts, potash fertilizer by weight.
Above-mentioned stoste of being fermented by animal excrement and the mixing ratio by weight of micro organism composite fertilizer are preferably 1:1 ~ 1:3;
Stoste and micro organism composite fertilizer can directly mix, and thin up uses in use, and stoste and micro organism composite fertilizer are preferably packed separately respectively, to the use that proportions again during concrete use.
During concrete use, preferably first by after stoste 10 ~ 25 times of thin ups by weight, then micro organism composite fertilizer is added mixing.
Control bergamot pear canker concrete grammar is as follows: by weight the biotechnological formulation of 1 part of control bergamot pear canker is watered 10 ~ 25 parts, be that radius digs the dark ditch of 10 ~ 20cm with tree crown, even filling is executed, time of application be autumn bergamot pear pluck after mid or late October to early November therebetween, or during late March before spring, pear tree bloomed to early April, mu amount of application 300 ~ 1000Kg, fills with applying method and is preferably filling root.
May Post flowering use: by weight by composite microbial manure 1 part, being watered 5 ~ 10 parts, is that radius digs the dark ditch of 10 ~ 20cm with tree crown, evenly fills with and executes, mu amount of application 300 ~ 1000Kg.
Compared with prior art, the present invention is by the effect of multiple-microorganism bactericide synergetic, activating soil, improve the structure that hardens of soil, reduce using of single chemical fertilizer, sterilant coordinates plant regulation agent to make plant be in best growth conditions, and is conducive to preventing freeze injury, particularly add photosynthetic microbial inoculum, can photosynthesis of plant be promoted, improve immunizing power, effectively can improve the yield and quality of fruit.Biological agent of the present invention is applied to Kuerle delicious pear, and its canker sickness rate is than using common chemical fertilizer few 70%, and canker curative ratio can reach 85%.
Figure of description
Fig. 1 the present invention prevents and treats the production technological process of the biotechnological formulation of bergamot pear canker.
Embodiment
In order to make those skilled in the art understand technical scheme of the present invention better, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
Following examples only for technical scheme of the present invention is clearly described, and can not limit the scope of the invention with this.
Embodiment 1:
Producing of stoste is as follows: get animal excrement, and by weight 2 ~ 3 times add water, and soaks 15 ~ 30 hours, stirs, and inserts in mechanical agitator tank, stir 25 ~ 40 minutes after removing impurity; Insert again in souring tank, self-souring fermentation 20 ~ 30 hours; Then insert three phase separation fermentor tank and carry out anaerobically fermenting, in three phase separation fermentor tank, anerobe is not less than 70%, under 30 ~ 40 DEG C of constant temperatures continuing fermentation 80 ~ 100 hours stoste is for subsequent use.
Described animal excrement are the one in chicken manure or pig manure, or above-mentioned two kinds of mixing in any proportion.
The weight moiety of micro organism composite fertilizer is: the photosynthetic microbial inoculum of microorganism 8 ~ 12 parts, microbial bactericide 22 ~ 30 parts, micro-agent 20 ~ 50 parts, plant regulation agent 11 ~ 15 parts.
The photosynthetic microbial inoculum of microorganism is: Rhodopseudomonas palustris 2 parts, Green color rhodopseudomonas 1 part composition, photosynthetic bacteria colony number ﹥ 2 × 108/ml.
Microbial bactericide is: the mixture of subtilis 3 parts, bacillus megaterium 3 parts, bacillus polymyxa 3 parts composition, photosynthetic bacteria colony number ﹥ 2 × 108/ml.
The mixture of described subtilis, bacillus megaterium, bacillus polymyxa three kinds of microbial inoculums, is first fermented respectively by single culture and makes, then mixed by weight proportion by three bacterial classifications.
Described micro-agent comprises: 0.3 part, copper sulfate, 2 parts, ferrous sulfate, manganous sulfate 0.4 part, 2 parts, zinc sulfate, 2 parts, magnesium sulfate, calcareous fertilisers 2 parts, molydbenum fertilizer 0.006 part, boric acid 2 parts, calcareous fertilisers and molydbenum fertilizer are commercially available unit or polynary biological active fertilizer.
Plant regulation agent comprises: amino acid/11 .2 part, potassium fulvate 1.2 parts, indolylacetic acid 0.003 part, naphthylacetic acid 0.04 part, Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins 0.03 part, sodium nitrophenolate 0.012 part, rare earth 0.12 part, molydbenum fertilizer 0.005 part, zeatin 0.5 part.
Above-mentioned stoste of being fermented by animal excrement and micro organism composite fertilizer are packed by weight 1:1 ~ 1:3, respectively to the use that proportions again during concrete use.
Control bergamot pear canker specifically uses: by weight the biotechnological formulation of 20 ~ 30 parts of control bergamot pear cankers is watered 300 ~ 500 parts, be that radius digs the dark ditch of 10 ~ 20cm with tree crown, even filling is executed, time of application be autumn bergamot pear pluck after mid or late October to early November therebetween, or during late March before spring, pear tree bloomed to early April, mu amount of application 300 ~ 1000Kg, fills with applying method and is preferably filling root.
May, Post flowering was used: by weight by composite microbial manure 1 part, be watered 15 parts, was that radius digs the dark ditch of 10 ~ 20cm with tree crown, evenly filled with and executed, mu amount of application 300 ~ 1000Kg.
Described Rhodopseudomonas, as Rhodopseudomonas palustris, Green color rhodopseudomonas, rhodopseudononas sulfovirdis, the Intelligent photosynthesis microorganism fermentation tank that Pseudomonas sp. uses Shanxi Weimingsheng Technology Co., Ltd. to manufacture is produced, can be temperature automatically controlled, regulate potential of hydrogen, dissolved oxygen and stirring velocity, light source, temperature is controlled well, sterilising conditions is good, miscellaneous bacteria rate is low, thalline breeding is fast, microbial inoculum quality product is high, can be used for the large-scale production of photosynthetic bacterium microbial inoculum, the production technique fermentation of anaerobism illumination three grade fermemtation is adopted to form, photosynthetic bacteria colony number ﹥ 2 × 108/ml produced.
Embodiment 2:
Producing of stoste is as follows: get pig manure, and by weight 2 ~ 3 times add water, and soaks 15 ~ 30 hours, stirs, and inserts in mechanical agitator tank, stir 25 ~ 40 minutes after removing impurity; Insert again in souring tank, self-souring fermentation 20 ~ 30 hours; Then insert three phase separation fermentor tank and carry out anaerobically fermenting, in three phase separation fermentor tank, anerobe is not less than 70%, and under 30 ~ 40 DEG C of constant temperatures, continuing fermentation obtains stoste in 80 ~ 100 hours.
The weight moiety of micro organism composite fertilizer is: the photosynthetic microbial inoculum of microorganism 10 parts, microbial bactericide 20 parts, micro-agent 40 parts, plant regulation agent 15 parts.
The photosynthetic microbial inoculum of microorganism is: the mixture of Rhodopseudomonas palustris 1 part and Green color rhodopseudomonas 1 part, microbial bactericide can be the mixture of subtilis 1 part, bacillus megaterium 1 part, bacillus polymyxa 2 parts.
Described micro-agent consists of: 5 parts, copper sulfate, 50 parts, ferrous sulfate, manganous sulfate 10 parts, 20 parts, zinc sulfate, 30 parts, magnesium sulfate, calcareous fertilisers 30 parts, molydbenum fertilizer 0.1 part, boric acid 30 parts.
Plant regulation agent consists of: amino acid/11 .3 part, potassium fulvate 1.5 parts, indolylacetic acid 0.003 part, naphthylacetic acid 0.05 part, Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins 0.02 part, sodium nitrophenolate 0.01 part, rare earth 0.13 part, molydbenum fertilizer 0.00 part, zeatin 0.5 part.
In 100 parts of micro organism composite fertilizers, add 10 parts, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer 6,6 parts, potash fertilizer by weight simultaneously.
Stoste and micro organism composite fertilizer are packed separately respectively in the ratio of 1:2, to the use that proportions again during concrete use.
Control bergamot pear canker concrete grammar is as follows: after stoste and micro organism composite fertilizer being mixed in the ratio of 1:2, again by weight be watered dilution by 20 times, be that radius digs dark " well " font ditch of 20cm with tree crown, even filling is executed, time of application be autumn bergamot pear pluck after mid or late October to early November therebetween, or during late March before spring, pear tree bloomed to early April, mu amount of application 300 ~ 1000Kg.
May Post flowering use: more by weight by composite microbial manure 1 part, being watered 20 parts, is that radius digs dark " well " font ditch of 10 ~ 20cm with tree crown, evenly fills with and executes, mu amount of application 300 ~ 1000Kg.
Embodiment 3:
Get chicken manure 320 parts, add water 680 parts, soak 28 hours, period is even by pneumatic blending, and the method for fishing for removes impurity; With pump by pipeline suction mechanical agitator tank, stir 38 minutes; Use in pump suction souring tank again, self-souring ferments 22 hours; Then suction three phase separation fermentor tank carries out anaerobically fermenting, in three phase separation fermentor tank, anerobe is not less than 70%, under 39 DEG C of constant temperatures, continuing fermentation is work in-process liquid in 85 hours, imports in hold-up vessel, obtain stoste for subsequent use from the liquid-phase outlet of three phase separation fermentor tank;
The weight moiety of micro organism composite fertilizer is: the photosynthetic microbial inoculum of microorganism 8 parts, microbial bactericide 30 parts, micro-agent 20 parts, plant regulation agent 15 parts.
The photosynthetic microbial inoculum of microorganism is the mixture of rhodopseudononas sulfovirdis 1 part, Pseudomonas sp. 1 part, photosynthetic bacteria colony number ﹥ 2 × 108/ml.
Microbial bactericide is the mixture of subtilis 2 parts, bacillus megaterium 1 part, bacillus polymyxa 1 part.
Described micro-agent consists of: 8 parts, copper sulfate, 70 parts, ferrous sulfate, manganous sulfate 6 parts, 20 parts, zinc sulfate, 20 parts, magnesium sulfate, calcareous fertilisers 20 parts, molydbenum fertilizer 0.15 part, boric acid 40 parts.
Consisting of of plant regulation agent: amino acid/11 .4 part, potassium fulvate 1.5 parts, indolylacetic acid 0.003 part, naphthylacetic acid 0.04 part, Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins 0.025 part, sodium nitrophenolate 0.015 part, rare earth 0.12 part, molydbenum fertilizer 0.004 part, zeatin 0.6 part.
In 100 parts of micro organism composite fertilizers, add 15 parts, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer 5,5 parts, potash fertilizer by weight simultaneously.
Above-mentioned is that 1:3 also packs separately respectively by the stoste of animal excrement fermentation and the mixing ratio by weight of micro organism composite fertilizer, to the use that proportions again during concrete use.
Control bergamot pear canker concrete grammar is as follows: by weight the biotechnological formulation of 1 part of control bergamot pear canker is watered 20 parts, be that radius digs the dark ditch of 10 ~ 20cm with tree crown, even filling is executed, time of application be autumn bergamot pear pluck after mid or late October to early November therebetween, or during late March before spring, pear tree bloomed to early April, mu amount of application 300 ~ 1000Kg, fills with applying method for filling with root.
Embodiment 4:
Producing of stoste is as follows: get chicken manure, and by weight 3 times add water, and soaks 24 hours, stirs, and inserts in mechanical agitator tank, stir 30 minutes after removing impurity; Insert in souring tank, self-souring ferments 30 hours again; Then insert three phase separation fermentor tank and carry out anaerobically fermenting, in three phase separation fermentor tank, anerobe is not less than 70%, and under 35 DEG C of constant temperatures, continuing fermentation obtains stoste in 96 hours.
The weight moiety of micro organism composite fertilizer is: the photosynthetic microbial inoculum of microorganism 12 parts, microbial bactericide 25 parts, micro-agent 50 parts, plant regulation agent 15 parts.
The photosynthetic microbial inoculum of microorganism is Rhodopseudomonas palustris, photosynthetic bacteria colony number ﹥ 2 × 108/ml.
Microbial bactericide can be the mixture of subtilis 2 parts, bacillus megaterium 1 part, colony number ﹥ 2 × 108/ml.
Consisting of of described micro-agent: 5 parts, copper sulfate, 50 parts, ferrous sulfate, manganous sulfate 10 parts, 30 parts, zinc sulfate, 30 parts, magnesium sulfate, calcareous fertilisers 30 parts, boric acid 30 parts.
Consisting of of plant regulation agent: amino acid/11 .2 part, potassium fulvate 1.4 parts, indolylacetic acid 0.0045 part, naphthylacetic acid 0.045 part, Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins 0.025 part, sodium nitrophenolate 0.02 part, rare earth 0.13 part, molydbenum fertilizer 0.005 part, zeatin 0.5 part.
In 100 parts of micro organism composite fertilizers, add 12 parts, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer 6,6 parts, potash fertilizer by weight again, described nitrogenous fertilizer is urea, and phosphate fertilizer is calcium superphosphate, and potash fertilizer is potassium sulfate.Certainly also can be other arbitrary nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer or potash fertilizer.
Stoste and micro organism composite fertilizer directly mix: get a stoste and add water 20 times and dilute, then dissolved in by micro organism composite fertilizer.
Control bergamot pear canker concrete grammar is as follows: be that radius digs the dark ditch of 10 ~ 20cm with tree crown, even filling is executed, time of application be autumn bergamot pear pluck after mid or late October to early November therebetween, or during late March before spring, pear tree bloomed to early April, mu amount of application 300 ~ 1000Kg, fills with applying method for filling with root.
Embodiment 5:
Producing of stoste is as follows: the mixture getting chicken manure and pig manure, and by weight 2 ~ 3 times add water, and soaks 15 ~ 30 hours, stirs, and inserts in mechanical agitator tank, stir 25 ~ 40 minutes after removing impurity; Insert again in souring tank, self-souring fermentation 20 ~ 30 hours; Then insert three phase separation fermentor tank and carry out anaerobically fermenting, in three phase separation fermentor tank, anerobe is not less than 70%, and under 30 ~ 40 DEG C of constant temperatures, continuing fermentation obtains stoste in 80 ~ 100 hours.
The weight moiety of micro organism composite fertilizer is: the photosynthetic microbial inoculum of microorganism 10 parts, microbial bactericide 25 parts, micro-agent 30 parts, plant regulation agent 12 parts.
The photosynthetic microbial inoculum of microorganism be Rhodopseudomonas, rhodopseudononas sulfovirdis, Pseudomonas sp. by the mixture of 1:1:1, photosynthetic bacteria colony number ﹥ 2 × 108/ml.
Microbial bactericide be subtilis, bacillus megaterium, bacillus polymyxa by the mixture of 1:1:1, colony number ﹥ 2 × 108/ml.
Consisting of of described micro-agent: 6 parts, copper sulfate, 55 parts, ferrous sulfate, manganous sulfate 7 parts, 35 parts, zinc sulfate, 25 parts, magnesium sulfate, calcareous fertilisers 40 parts, molydbenum fertilizer 0.10 part, boric acid 30 parts.
Consisting of of plant regulation agent: amino acid/11 .4 part, potassium fulvate 1.4 parts, indolylacetic acid 0.004 part, naphthylacetic acid 0.04 part, Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins 0.03 part, sodium nitrophenolate 0.01 part, rare earth 0.14 part, molydbenum fertilizer 0.005 part, zeatin 0.55 part.
10 parts, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer 8,8 parts, potash fertilizer is added by weight again in 100 parts of micro organism composite fertilizers.
Stoste and micro organism composite fertilizer are packed separately respectively by 1:3 weight ratio, to the use that proportions again during concrete use.
During concrete use, preferably first by after stoste 10 ~ 25 times of thin ups by weight, then micro organism composite fertilizer is added mixing.
Control bergamot pear canker concrete grammar is as follows: get stoste 1 part, micro organism composite fertilizer 1 part by weight, add water 50 parts and dilute, be that radius digs dark " well " font ditch of 10 ~ 20cm with tree crown, even filling is executed, time of application be autumn bergamot pear pluck after mid or late October to early November therebetween, mu amount of application 600Kg, fills with applying method for filling with root.
At pear tree Post flowering mid-May: get composite microbial manure 1 part by weight, being watered 10 parts of dilutions, is that radius digs dark " well " font ditch of 10 ~ 20cm with tree crown, evenly fills with and executes, mu amount of application 300Kg.
Embodiment 6:
Producing of stoste is as follows: get chicken manure 1 part, and pig manure 2 parts adds water by 3 times of gross weight, soaks 24 hours, stirs, and inserts in mechanical agitator tank, stir 40 minutes after removing impurity; Insert in souring tank, self-souring ferments 30 hours again; Then insert three phase separation fermentor tank and carry out anaerobically fermenting, in three phase separation fermentor tank, anerobe is not less than 70%, and under 38 DEG C of constant temperatures, continuing fermentation obtains stoste in 84 hours.
The weight moiety of micro organism composite fertilizer is: the photosynthetic microbial inoculum of microorganism 10 parts, microbial bactericide 30 parts, micro-agent 25 parts, plant regulation agent 15 parts.
Microorganism photosynthetic bacteria is Pseudomonas sp., colony number ﹥ 2 × 108/ml.
Microbial bactericide is that subtilis, bacillus polymyxa are in the mixture of 1:2 ratio.
Consisting of of described micro-agent: 8 parts, copper sulfate, 40 parts, ferrous sulfate, manganous sulfate 10 parts, zinc sulfate 20,25 parts, magnesium sulfate, calcareous fertilisers 25 parts, molydbenum fertilizer 0.1 part, boric acid 40 parts.
Consisting of of plant regulation agent: amino acid/11 .4 part, potassium fulvate 1.2 parts, indolylacetic acid 0.003 part, naphthylacetic acid 0.05 part, Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins 0.03 part, sodium nitrophenolate 0.02 part, rare earth 0.14 part, molydbenum fertilizer 0.004 part, zeatin 0.6 part.
10 parts, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer 5,55 parts, potash fertilizer is added by weight in 100 parts of micro organism composite fertilizers.
Above-mentioned is that 1:3 also packs separately respectively by the stoste of animal excrement fermentation and the mixing ratio by weight of micro organism composite fertilizer, to the use that proportions again during concrete use.
Biotechnological formulation of the present invention is adopted to be used in the experimental data in three theatre, Kuerle respectively as follows:
(1) Korla City Tobe Li Qixiang Village Zhou Haishun (Han nationality) theatre, area 60 mu, the age of tree 12 years, in August, 2013 is investigated, canker sickness rate more than 90%, and withered branch is more.Different fertilizer is used on each 30 mu of ground, one group of control bergamot pear canker biotechnological formulation using embodiment 1, and the general chemistry composite fertilizer of commercial type is used in another group contrast, and except fertilization type is different, the time of other conditions as fertilising identical, amount etc. are all consistent.
(2) Zhou Shijun (Han nationality) theatre, one group, Korla City Lan Gan township, area 38 mu, the age of tree 10 years, in August, 2013 is investigated, canker sickness rate more than 95%, uses fertilizer based on urea, diamines, and withered branch is more.Different fertilizer is used on each 19 mu of ground, one group of control bergamot pear canker biotechnological formulation using embodiment 1, and another group uses the general chemistry composite fertilizer of commercial type, and except fertilization type is different, the time of other conditions as fertilising identical, amount etc. are all consistent.
(3) Korla City Lan Gan township Chinese mugwort is bought jointly and carries (Uygurs) theatre, area 5 mu, the age of tree 25 years, and in August, 2013 is investigated, canker sickness rate more than 100%, uses fertilizer based on urea, diamines, and withered branch is more.Different fertilizer is used on each 2.5 mu of ground, one group of control bergamot pear canker biotechnological formulation using embodiment 1, and the fertilizer of commercial type is used in another group contrast, and except fertilization type is different, the time of other conditions as fertilising is identical, amount is all consistent.
The data presentation of above-mentioned practice, the present invention compares the fertile Be very effective of generalization when preventing and treating bergamot pear canker, bergamot pear pathology rate significantly reduces, and the finished product fruit excellent quality of product.
Claims (10)
1. prevent and treat a biotechnological formulation for bergamot pear canker, it is characterized in that, comprise the stoste and micro organism composite fertilizer of being fermented by animal excrement, the mixing ratio by weight of stoste and micro organism composite fertilizer is 1:1 ~ 1:3;
The stoste of described animal excrement fermentation is produced by following process: get animal excrement, by weight 2 ~ 3 times add water, and soak 15 ~ 30 hours, stir, and insert in mechanical agitator tank, stir 25 ~ 40 minutes after removing impurity; Insert again in souring tank, self-souring fermentation 20 ~ 30 hours; Then insert three phase separation fermentor tank and carry out anaerobically fermenting, in three phase separation fermentor tank, anerobe is not less than 70%, and under 30 ~ 40 DEG C of constant temperatures, namely continuing fermentation obtains the stoste of animal excrement fermentation for 80 ~ 100 hours;
Consisting of of described micro organism composite fertilizer: the photosynthetic microbial inoculum of microorganism 8 ~ 12 parts, microbial bactericide 22 ~ 30 parts, micro-agent 20 ~ 50 parts, plant regulation agent 11 ~ 15 parts;
The photosynthetic microbial inoculum of described microorganism is at least one in the Rhodopseudomonas palustris of Rhodopseudomonas, Green color rhodopseudomonas, rhodopseudononas sulfovirdis, Pseudomonas sp.;
Described microbial bactericide is at least one in subtilis, bacillus megaterium, bacillus polymyxa;
Described micro-agent at least comprises copper sulfate, ferrous sulfate, manganous sulfate, zinc sulfate, magnesium sulfate, calcareous fertilisers, molydbenum fertilizer, boric acid, and its weight proportion is: 3 ~ 8 parts, copper sulfate, 40 ~ 70 parts, ferrous sulfate, manganous sulfate 6 ~ 10 parts, 20 ~ 40 parts, zinc sulfate, 20 ~ 40 parts, magnesium sulfate, calcareous fertilisers 20 ~ 40 parts, molydbenum fertilizer 0 ~ 0.15 part, boric acid 20 ~ 40 parts;
The moiety of described plant regulation agent at least comprises: amino acid, potassium fulvate, indolylacetic acid, naphthylacetic acid, Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins, sodium nitrophenolate, rare earth, molydbenum fertilizer, zeatin, and its proportioning is: amino acid/11 .2 ~ 1.4 part, potassium fulvate 1.2 ~ 1.5 parts, indolylacetic acid 0.003 ~ 0.005 part, naphthylacetic acid 0.04 ~ 0.05 part, Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins 0.02 ~ 0.03 part, sodium nitrophenolate 0.01 ~ 0.02 part, rare earth 0.12 ~ 0.14 part, molydbenum fertilizer 0.004 ~ 0.005 part, zeatin 0.4 ~ 0.6 part.
2. the biotechnological formulation of control bergamot pear canker as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described animal excrement are the one in chicken manure or pig manure, or above-mentioned two kinds of mixing in any proportion.
3. the biotechnological formulation of control bergamot pear canker as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, described microbial bactericide is the mixture of in subtilis, bacillus megaterium, bacillus polymyxa three kinds of microbial inoculums any two kinds, and the proportioning between its any two kinds is 1:0.5 ~ 1:2.
4. the biotechnological formulation of control bergamot pear canker as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, described microbial bactericide is subtilis, bacillus megaterium, bacillus polymyxa is by weight 1:0.8:0.8 ~ 1:1.2:1.2: mix, colony number ﹥ 2 × 108/ml.
5. the biotechnological formulation of control bergamot pear canker as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, add 10 ~ 15 parts, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer 5 ~ 8,5 ~ 8 parts, potash fertilizer by weight in described 100 parts of micro organism composite fertilizers.
6. the biotechnological formulation of control bergamot pear canker as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, add 10 ~ 15 parts, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer 5 ~ 8,5 ~ 8 parts, potash fertilizer by weight in described 100 parts of micro organism composite fertilizers.
7. the biotechnological formulation of control bergamot pear canker as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, add 10 ~ 15 parts, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer 5 ~ 8,5 ~ 8 parts, potash fertilizer by weight in described 100 parts of micro organism composite fertilizers.
8. the production method of the biotechnological formulation of the control bergamot pear canker as described in any one of claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that, concrete operations are as follows: comprise the stoste of being fermented by animal excrement and produce and the producing of micro organism composite fertilizer,
Stoste is produced: get animal excrement, and by weight 2 ~ 3 times add water, and soaks 15 ~ 30 hours, stirs, and inserts in mechanical agitator tank, stir 25 ~ 40 minutes after removing impurity; Insert again in souring tank, self-souring fermentation 20 ~ 30 hours; Then insert three phase separation fermentor tank and carry out anaerobically fermenting, in three phase separation fermentor tank, anerobe is not less than 70%, and under 30 ~ 40 DEG C of constant temperatures, continuing fermentation obtains stoste in 80 ~ 100 hours;
Micro organism composite fertilizer is: the photosynthetic microbial inoculum of microorganism 8 ~ 12 parts, microbial bactericide 22 ~ 30 parts, micro-agent 20 ~ 50 parts, plant regulation agent 11 ~ 15 parts;
The photosynthetic microbial inoculum of described microorganism is at least one in the Rhodopseudomonas palustris of Rhodopseudomonas, Green color rhodopseudomonas, rhodopseudononas sulfovirdis, Pseudomonas sp.;
Described microbial bactericide is first fermented by single culture respectively and makes, and then the subtilis after fermentation, bacillus megaterium, bacillus polymyxa is mixed;
Described micro-agent at least comprises copper sulfate, ferrous sulfate, manganous sulfate, zinc sulfate, magnesium sulfate, calcareous fertilisers, molydbenum fertilizer, boric acid, and its weight proportion is: 3 ~ 8 parts, copper sulfate, 40 ~ 70 parts, ferrous sulfate, manganous sulfate 6 ~ 10 parts, 20 ~ 40 parts, zinc sulfate, 20 ~ 40 parts, magnesium sulfate, calcareous fertilisers 20 ~ 40 parts, molydbenum fertilizer 0 ~ 0.15 part, boric acid 20 ~ 40 parts;
The moiety of described plant regulation agent at least comprises: amino acid, potassium fulvate, indolylacetic acid, naphthylacetic acid, Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins, sodium nitrophenolate, rare earth, molydbenum fertilizer, zeatin, and its proportioning is: amino acid/11 .2 ~ 1.4 part, potassium fulvate 1.2 ~ 1.5 parts, indolylacetic acid 0.003 ~ 0.005 part, naphthylacetic acid 0.04 ~ 0.05 part, Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins 0.02 ~ 0.03 part, sodium nitrophenolate 0.01 ~ 0.02 part, rare earth 0.12 ~ 0.14 part, molydbenum fertilizer 0.004 ~ 0.005 part, zeatin 0.4 ~ 0.6 part;
The mixing ratio by weight of stoste and micro organism composite fertilizer is 1:1 ~ 1:3;
Gained stoste is mixed with micro organism composite fertilizer or packs separately.
9. the production method of the biotechnological formulation of control bergamot pear canker as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that, described stoste and micro organism composite fertilizer are packed respectively, to thin up in proportion again during concrete use: first by after stoste by weight 10 ~ 25 times of thin ups, then micro organism composite fertilizer is added mixing.
10. prevent and treat the method for bergamot pear canker for one kind, it is characterized in that, after bergamot pear is plucked in the fall, mid or late October to early November carries out filling with root once: the biotechnological formulation 1 part getting the control bergamot pear canker described in any one of claim 1 ~ 7 by weight, be watered 10-25 part, be that radius digs the dark ditch of 10 ~ 20cm with tree crown, carry out evenly filling with executing, mu amount of application 300 ~ 1000Kg;
Or before spring, pear tree bloomed, namely late March carries out filling with root once to early April with micro organism composite fertilizer: the micro organism composite fertilizer 1 part getting the biotechnological formulation of the control bergamot pear canker described in any one of claim 1 ~ 7 by weight, be watered 5-10 part, be that the ditch that radius digs 10 ~ 20cm carries out evenly filling with executing with tree crown, mu amount of application 300 ~ 1000Kg.
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| CN109234195A (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2019-01-18 | 邓州市汇海农业科技有限公司 | A kind of rice field complex microbial inoculum |
| CN112625966A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-04-09 | 天津开发区坤禾生物技术有限公司 | Microbial fertilizer for effectively preventing and treating pear tree rot and prevention and treatment method |
| CN114410528A (en) * | 2022-01-25 | 2022-04-29 | 山西农业大学食品科学与工程学院(山西省农业科学院农产品贮藏保鲜研究所) | Biocontrol bacterial liquid for Yulu bergamot pears during storage period and preparation method and application thereof |
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