CN104540506A - 包含s-烯丙基-l-半胱氨酸作为有效成分的眼病预防或治疗用组合物及包含它的医药制剂 - Google Patents
包含s-烯丙基-l-半胱氨酸作为有效成分的眼病预防或治疗用组合物及包含它的医药制剂 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及眼病预防用或治疗用组合物,上述眼病预防用或治疗用组合物可以是包含S-烯丙基-L-半胱氨酸、其药学上可接受的盐或它们的溶剂化物或水合物作为有效成分,并呈现出光氧化抑制活性的组合物。借助上述眼病预防用或治疗用组合物,可减少视网膜色素上皮细胞内的N-亚视黄基-N-视黄基-乙醇胺(A2E)的堆积,抑制N-亚视黄基-N-视黄基-乙醇胺(A2E)的氧化,从而可对包括老年性黄斑变性或退行性视网膜疾病在内的眼病表现出出色的预防或治疗效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及大肠炎预防用或治疗用组合物。更详细地,涉及包含S-烯丙基-L-半胱氨酸(S-allyl-L-cysteine)为有效成分,且有利于对眼病的预防或治疗的组合物及利用它的方法。
背景技术
通常,将位于眼部内侧视网膜的中心部的视网膜组织称作黄斑,大部分视细胞聚集于此,并且由于黄斑是物体影像聚焦的中心,因而对视力起着非常重要的作用。因多种原因使黄斑部引起变性而导致视力障碍的眼科疾病被称作黄斑变性(病),并且黄斑变性(MacularDegeneration,MD)与青光眼、糖尿病性视网膜病变一同被视为是3大导致失明的疾病。
上述黄斑变性可分为干性和湿性两种类型。干性黄斑变性是导致丧失视力的主要原因,在干性黄斑变性中,视网膜下方的组织无法起到应有的功能,逐渐导致其上方的感知光线的视网膜细胞的功能减退,并导致视网膜细胞消失。另一方面,与干性黄斑变性相比,虽然湿性黄斑变性出现较少,但由于微细的新生血管从视网膜层下方生长进来,导致黄斑出血或体液流出,从而可能留下伤痕,由血管、出血、体液、伤痕引起的黄斑损伤会在短时间内产生,并有可能引起视力突然下降,随着时间的推移,视力将急剧下降。
虽然无法明确判断导致老年性黄斑变性(age-related maculardegeneration,AMD)的准确病因,但周知的是,通常在老年性黄斑变性的初期,有过多的色素物质堆积于老化的视网膜上皮细胞(RPEcell)。具有代表性的堆积于视网膜上皮细胞的物质为由全反式视黄醛(All-trans-retinal))和乙醇胺(ethanolamine)合成而生成的N-亚视黄基-N-视黄基-乙醇胺(A2E),上述N-亚视黄基-N-视黄基-乙醇胺(A2E)借助阳光生成单重态氧(singlet oxygen),并由于碳碳双键部位被氧化,从而可导致视网膜色素上皮细胞(RPE cell)的损伤。
只是由于尚未明确查明上述黄斑变性的机制,因而当前很难期待完全治疗老年性黄斑变性。但重要的是,在早期进行适当的处置,来将因黄斑变性的进行而导致的实力丧失最小化。近期,抗氧化维生素和锌(Zn)被查明能够抑制老年性黄斑变性的进行,因而被应用于治疗,而像生成新生血管的湿性老年性黄斑变性,若尽快实施激光治疗,则可防止病情快速恶化。但,这些治疗方法尚不能表现出满意的治疗效果。因此,对于老年性黄斑变性而言,预防比什么都重要。
研究表明,萎缩性黄斑变性患者在整个老年性黄斑变性患者中占相当一部分,而萎缩性黄斑变性与沉着于视网膜色素上皮细胞的脂褐质(lipofusicn)密切相关。
在一生当中,视网膜上皮细胞根据昼夜节律来在白天消化肝细胞、晚间消化视锥细胞来分解、消化光感受器的盘,在此过程中未能分解的物质被称为脂褐质(lipofusicn)。并且,由于还要去除丧失功能的相邻的视网膜色素上皮和光感受器(photorecptor),因而由于负担逐渐增加,导致脂褐质堆积。脂褐质的主要成分为不降解二视黄醛加合物(nondegradable bisretinoid adduct),它的主要生物合成如下。1)在视网膜1次吸收光的感光细胞(photoreceptor cell)中,11-顺视黄醛(11-cis-retianl)借助光异构化(photoisomerization)作用来生成作为其反应产物的全反式视黄醛(vitamin A aldehyde,all-trans-retinal)。2)如此生成的全反式视黄醛(all-trans-retinal)从光感受器向视网膜上皮转移,并通过一连的聚合反应来生成脂褐质荧光基团(lipofuscin fluorophore),所生成的脂褐质荧光基团借助光依赖脂质过氧化反应(light-dependent lipid peroxidation)来最终使视网膜细胞受损,从而引起视力下降以及失明。尤其主要在人体内代谢活跃的分裂期后细胞(postmitotic cell)(心肌细胞、神经细胞、视网膜上皮细胞)中生成脂褐质荧光基团。目前为止,周知的被分离的脂褐质荧光基团有N-亚视黄基-N-视黄基-乙醇胺(A2E)及其双键衍生物、Iso-N-亚视黄基-N-视黄基-乙醇胺、全反式视黄醛二聚共轭(all-trans-retinal dimer conjugate,atRAL dimer)等。
这些化合物被证实全部是由N-亚视黄基-N-视黄基-磷脂酰乙醇胺(A2PE)的磷酸基被水解而形成,上述N-亚视黄基-N-视黄基-磷脂酰乙醇胺(A2PE)是由从视觉周期(visual cycle)游离的全反式视黄醛(all-trans-retinal)与磷脂酰乙醇胺(Phosphatidyl Ethanolamine)聚合而成。一个分子的全反式视黄醛(all-trans-retinal)与磷脂酰乙醇胺(PE)通过席夫碱(Schiff base)反应来形成的N-亚视黄基磷脂酰乙醇胺(NRPE)被证实是作为光感受器特殊转运子(ATP-bindingcassette transporter)的ABCA4的基质(substrate)。有报告指出,在从正常的视觉周期脱离的N-亚视黄基磷脂酰乙醇胺(NRPE)再结合一个分子的全反式视黄醛(all-trans-retinal)时,生成N-亚视黄基-N-视黄基-磷脂酰乙醇胺(A2PE),在特定环境、强光或氧化剂应激等条件下促进了这种生成(Sparrow等,Vision Res,2003.43(28):2983-90)。
通过多种先行研究,报告了由此生成的N-亚视黄基-N-视黄基-乙醇胺(A2E)的量将随着年龄增加,在照射强光时,它们的化合物将经历以单态氧为媒介的光氧化,并且通过利用免疫补体的实验来证实了由光氧化生成的N-亚视黄基-N-视黄基-乙醇胺(A2E)的氧化物为可诱发炎症反应的重要因子,上述炎症反应则被认为是老年性黄斑变性的代表性病因之一。
另一方面,在黄斑变性症的治疗方面,大体分为药品、保健食品。目前的实际情况是,只有雷珠单抗(Ranibizumab,兰尼单抗,Lucentis)作为湿性黄斑变性治疗剂在韩国国内被认可为老年性黄斑变性症治疗剂来面市,并且尚无干性黄斑变性症的治疗剂。雷珠单抗(Ranibizumab)作为识别血管内皮生长因子-A(VEGF A)来进行抑制(blocking)的人源化单克隆抗体(humanized monoclonalantibody),具有能够恢复湿性黄斑变性症的视力或维持病症状态的效果。但是,美国基因泰克公司曾发出警告,通过临床试验证实,雷珠单抗(Ranibizumab)有可能提高脑中风的发病率,并且,雷珠单抗(Ranibizumab)具有价格高,作为向眼内进行注射的制剂,给药不方便的缺点。
在保健食品领域,只有以个别认证型的方式来被认可的叶黄素(lutein)一例,非常之少。虽然叶黄素作为保护视网膜黄斑的成分,可通过维持黄斑色素密度来预防黄斑变性,但有研究结果指出,长时间使用叶黄素等的含类胡罗卜素的补充剂,有可能提高肺癌发病率,尤其对于吸烟者更加危险。因而,吸烟的患者服用与叶黄素相关的产品有可能存在危险。
除此之外,虽然未能作为功能性原料来得到韩国食药厅的认可,但已在报告中指出具有功效的天然物还有与叶黄素一样,以黄斑色素的方式存在的玉米黄素(zeaxanthin),以及属于莓果类的花青苷(anthocyanin)成分等,但由于目前为止对黄斑变性症的相关研究非常匮乏,因而黄斑变性症患者不仅存在于老年人群体,在中年人群体也逐渐增多,这已成为当今社会现象,同时在缺乏相应的治疗方法的情况下,研发有助于预防黄斑变性的药品及保健食品非常迫切。
另一方面,大蒜作为葱属(Allium genus)的一种,被证实具有抗细菌、抗真菌、抗氧化作用及抗癌作用(Ankri等,Microbes Infect.1(2),pp125-129,1999),对血栓症(thrombosis)、炎症(inflammation)具有疗效,并抑制细胞的氧化应激(oxidative stress)(Sener等,Mol Nutr Food Res.,51(11),pp1345-1352,2007),是备受瞩目的天然药材。大蒜包含多种成分,其中包含具有抗真菌、抗癌效果的如同核糖苷(eruboside)-B等的甾体皂苷(Matsuura H等,ChemPharm Bull(Tokyo),36:3659-3663,1988),具有降低胆固醇效果的糖苷分馏物(Slowing等J Nutr.,131,pp994S-9S,2001),具有抑制血小板凝聚效果的β-绿原酸(Rahman K等,J.Nutr.2006)等的非硫化合物(nonsulfur compounds)以及多种有机硫化合物(organosulfur compounds)。
其中,熟成的大蒜有效成分之一的S-烯丙基-L-半胱氨酸(SAC)起到抗氧化剂作用,并有报告指出,这种抗氧化活性具有对动脉硬化也有抑制效果,并对几种癌细胞株也呈现出抗癌活性(Proceedings of theAmerican Association for Cancer Research,30,p181,1989)等多种功效。
不仅如此,以四氯化碳诱导的肝损伤老鼠(Rat)实验中,确认了S-烯丙基-L-半胱氨酸使损伤的肝细胞得到恢复的有益效果(崔秀年,2009,Effects of S-Allyl Cysteine on carbon tetrachloride-inducedliver injury in rats),并有报告指出,在感染幽门螺旋杆菌的老鼠中S-烯丙基-L-半胱氨酸具有抗保护效果(方星慧,2010,Protective effectof S-allyl-L-cysteine(SAC)on Helicobacter pylori-infected mice)。
并且,在KR公开特许10-2011-0032641(发明的名称:包含S-烯丙基-L-半胱氨酸作为有效成分的胃肠疾病预防或治疗用组合物)中,报告了S-烯丙基-L-半胱氨酸具有抑制螺旋杆菌感染,并对由螺旋杆菌造成的胃损伤起到保护作用。
在本说明书全文中参照了多个论文及专利文献,并标示了其引用。所有被引用的论文及专利文献的公开内容以参照的方式插入于本说明书,能够更加明确地说明本发明所述技术领域的水平及本发明的内容。但是,未有对利用S-烯丙基-L-半胱氨酸的老年性黄斑变性的预防及治疗方法的报告。
因此,由于就目前来讲难以期待完全治疗老年性黄斑变性,因而本发明者们为了研发有助于改善预防及治疗老年性黄斑变性的治疗用组合物做出了努力,并完成了本发明。
发明内容
技术问题
本发明的目的在于,提供一种眼病预防或治疗用组合物,上述眼病预防或治疗用组合物包含S-烯丙基-L-半胱氨酸、其药学上可接受的盐或其衍生物作为有效成分,并呈现出光氧化抑制活性。上述眼病预防或治疗用组合物通过抑制视网膜色素上皮细胞内的N-亚视黄基-N-视黄基-乙醇胺(A2E)的堆积,并抑制N-亚视黄基-N-视黄基-乙醇胺(A2E)的氧化,来可从根本上预防病因并进行治疗。
本发明的再一目的在于,提供利用上述眼病预防或治疗用组合物来制作的医药制剂。
技术方案
用于实现上述目的的本发明的一实施例的眼病预防或治疗用组合物,包含S-烯丙基-L-半胱氨酸、其药学上可接受的盐或它们的溶剂化物或水合物作为有效成分;并呈现出光氧化抑制活性。
上述眼病预防或治疗用组合物可以是包含S-烯丙基-L-半胱氨酸、其药学上可接受的盐或它们的溶剂化物或水合物作为有效成分,并抑制视网膜色素上皮细胞内的N-亚视黄基-N-视黄基-乙醇胺(A2E)的氧化的组合物。
上述眼病可以是老年性黄斑变性或退行性视网膜疾病。
上述眼病预防或治疗用组合物可以是包含5至99.9重量百分比的上述S-烯丙基-L-半胱氨酸的组合物。
上述S-烯丙基-L-半胱氨酸可以为选自由从葱属(Allium genus)植物分离纯化的、合成的及通过发酵来制成的物质组成的组中的一种。
上述眼病预防或治疗用组合物可以是还包含抗炎剂或抗氧化剂的组合物。
上述抗炎剂可以为选自由布洛芬(ibuprofen)、酮洛芬(ketoprofen)、氟比洛芬(flurbiprofen)、非诺洛芬(feno-profen)、萘普生(naproxen)、吡罗昔康(piroxicam)、替诺昔康(tenoxicam)、伊索昔康(isoxicam)、美洛昔康(melo-xicam)、吲哚美辛(indomethacin)、醋氯芬酸(aceclofenac)、双氯芬酸(diclofenac)及它们的组合组成的组中的一种;上述抗氧化剂可以为选自由维生素A、维生素C、维生素E、类胡萝卜素、锌、铜、铁、锰、叶黄素、玉米黄质、硒、谷胱甘肽(GHS)、番茄红素及它们的组合组成的组中的一种。
本发明的再一实施例的医药制剂可以是选自由包含上述眼病预防或治疗用组合物的口服给药用制剂、粘膜应用制剂、注射剂、吸入剂及外用剂组成的组中的医药制剂。
以下,对本发明进行更加详细的说明。
本发明的一实施例的眼病预防或治疗用组合物包含S-烯丙基-L-半胱氨酸、其药学上可接受的盐或它们的溶剂化物或水合物作为有效成分;并呈现出光氧化抑制活性。
并且,上述眼病预防或治疗用组合物可以是包含S-烯丙基-L-半胱氨酸、其药学上可接受的盐或它们的溶剂化物或水合物作为有效成分,并抑制视网膜色素上皮细胞内的N-亚视黄基-N-视黄基-乙醇胺(A2E)的氧化的组合物。
有报告指出,上述S-烯丙基-L-半胱氨酸作为熟成的大蒜的有效成分中的一种,由于这种抗氧化活性,对动脉硬化也呈现出抑制效果,且对某些癌细胞株也呈现出抗癌活性(Proceedings of the AmericanAssociation for Cancer Research,30,p181,1989)等多种功效。
上述药剂学上允许的盐为具有所希望的药理学效果、改善黄斑变性的预防及治疗效果的上述S-烯丙基-L-半胱氨酸的化合物。作为这种盐,可以为酸附加盐或季铵盐等。作为酸附加盐,可以举出例如盐酸盐、氢溴酸盐、氢碘酸盐、硫酸盐及磷酸盐等无机酸盐或草酸盐、马来酸盐、富马酸盐、乳酸盐、苹果酸盐、琥珀酸盐、酒石酸盐、苯甲酸盐、甲磺酸盐等有机酸盐。并且,作为季铵盐,可以举出例如,碘甲烷(methyliodide)、甲基溴(methyl bromide),碘乙烷(ethyl iodide)、溴乙烷(ethyl bromide)等低级烷基卤化物(alkyl halogenide),甲烷磺酸甲酯(methyl methane sulfonate)、乙基甲磺酸酯(ethyl methanesulfonate)等低级烷基磺酸盐(alkyl sulfonates),对甲基苯磺酸甲酯(methyl-p-toluenesulfonate)等低级烷基芳基磺酸盐(alkylarylsulfonates)等季铵盐。
并且,S-烯丙基-L-半胱氨酸或它的药学上可接受的盐还有以溶剂化物或水合物的方式存在的,因而,作为本发明的治疗剂的有效成分,可利用它们的溶剂化物或水合物。
上述药剂学上允许的衍生物意味着化合物的一部分结构由其他原子或原子团取代的化合物。例如,甲基衍生物、氯衍生物等。由此,从具有基本结构的化合物合成出多种衍生物,从而可研发与原来的化合物相比药效更高的药品。
利用上述S-烯丙基-L-半胱氨酸的化合物,并根据本领域常规方法(例:Burger's Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Chemistry,5th ed.,1:172-178and 949-982(1995))来能够容易地制备上述S-烯丙基-L-半胱氨酸的衍生物。
上述眼病可以为老年性黄斑变性或退行性视网膜疾病。
上述黄斑变性(macular degeneration,MD)是指由于黄斑受损导致中心视力遭破坏的现象。上述黄斑变性疾病包括干性黄斑变性、湿性黄斑变性、年龄相关型黄斑变性、近视性黄斑变性及特发性黄斑变性等,但可优选为年龄相关型黄斑变性(age related maculardegeneration,又称老年性黄斑变性)。尤其,在上述年龄相关型黄斑变性中,呈现出明显的光氧化抑制活性。更为详细地,为了评价上述S-烯丙基-L-半胱氨酸的细胞保护能力,在堆积有N-亚视黄基-N-视黄基-乙醇胺(A2E)的视网膜色素上皮细胞株(Arising retinal pigmentepithelia cell line,ARPE-19)中借助蓝色光诱导细胞死灭的结果,可确认S-烯丙基-L-半胱氨酸以依赖浓度的方式保护视网膜色素上皮细胞株(ARPE-19)。
上述眼病预防或治疗用组合物可以为包含5至99.9重量百分比的上述S-烯丙基-L-半胱氨酸的组合物,优选地可包含5至60重量百分比。上述S-烯丙基-L-半胱氨酸的含量在上述范围的情况下,能够以依赖浓度的方式保护视网膜色素上皮细胞株(ARPE-19),从而具有预防或治疗眼病的效果佳、也没有副作用的优点。
上述眼病预防或治疗用组合物可以为还包含抗炎剂或抗氧化剂的组合物。
上述抗炎剂可以为选自由布洛芬(ibuprofen)、酮洛芬(ketoprofen)、氟比洛芬(flurbiprofen)、非诺洛芬(feno-profen)、萘普生(naproxen)、吡罗昔康(piroxicam)、替诺昔康(tenoxicam)、伊索昔康(isoxicam)、美洛昔康(melo-xicam)、吲哚美辛(indomethacin)、醋氯芬酸(aceclofenac)、双氯芬酸(diclofenac)及它们的组合组成的组中的一种;上述抗氧化剂可以为选自由维生素A、维生素C、维生素E、类胡萝卜素、锌、铜、铁、锰、叶黄素、玉米黄质、硒、谷胱甘肽(GHS)、番茄红素及它们的组合组成的组中的一种。
上述S-烯丙基-L-半胱氨酸可以为选自由从葱属(Allium genus)植物分离纯化或合成的。具体地,上述S-烯丙基-L-半胱氨酸可使用天然的或合成的,能够以欧洲公开专利公报EP0429080A1的[0031]所记载的方法,从大蒜(garlic)、象蒜(elephant garlic)、洋葱(onino)及葱(scallion)等葱属(Allium genus)植物中制成。除此之外,除了可直接制备这种天然或合成的S-烯丙基-L-半胱氨酸之外,还可使用市场上销售的产品。
本发明的另一实施例的医药制剂可以为选自由包含上述眼病预防或治疗用组合物的口服给药用制剂、粘膜应用制剂、注射剂、吸入剂及外用剂组成的组中的医药制剂。
上述医药制剂可以是包含药剂学上允许的载体的医药制剂。上述载体为使用药学制剂时通常所利用的载体,包括乳糖、右旋葡萄糖、蔗糖、山梨糖醇、甘露醇、淀粉、洋槐橡胶、磷酸钙、藻酸盐、明胶、硅酸钙、微晶纤维素、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、纤维素、水、糖浆、甲基纤维素、羟基苯甲酸甲酯、对羟基苯甲酸丙酯、滑石、硬脂酸镁以及矿物油等,但并不限定于此。本发明的药剂学组合物除包含上述成分外,还可追加包含润滑剂、润湿剂、甜味剂、香味剂、乳化剂、悬浮剂、防腐剂等。适当的药剂学上允许的载体及制剂详细记载于雷明登氏药学全书(Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences)(19th ed.,1995)。
医药制剂可通过口服或非口服等多种途径向老鼠、小白鼠、家畜、人类等哺乳动物给药,例如,可通过口服、直肠注射、静脉注射、肌肉注射、皮下注射、子宫内硬膜注射或脑血管内注射等方法来给药。优选地适用非口服给药方法中的经皮给药方法,更为优选地适用通过涂敷进行的局部施用(topical application)方式。
上述医药制剂的适用量可根据制剂化方法、给药方式、患者的年龄、体重、性别、病情、饮食、给药时间、给药途径、排泄速度及反应灵敏性等因素来以多种方式下处方。本发明的药剂学性组合物的给药量为,口服型剂型以成人为基准,按0.1-100mg/kg标准每日给药一次至数次,外用剂以成人为基准,按1.0至3.0ml标准每日涂敷1至5次,连续涂敷1个月以上为佳。但是,上述给药量并不限定本发明的范围。
上述医药制剂根据本发明所述技术领域的普通技术人员能够容易实施的方法,利用药剂学上允许的载体和/或成型添加剂来制剂化,从而可制备成单位容量形态或以内置于多容量容器内的方式制备。此时,剂型可使用粉剂、颗粒剂、片剂、胶囊、悬浮液、乳剂、糖浆、气雾剂等的口服型剂型,软膏、乳霜等的外用剂,栓剂、灭菌注射溶液等适合药剂学制剂的任何形态,还可包括分散剂或稳定剂。
有益效果
本发明的眼病预防或治疗用组合物包含S-烯丙基-L-半胱氨酸(S-allyl-cysteine)作为有效成分,来抑制视网膜色素上皮细胞内的N-亚视黄基-N-视黄基-乙醇胺(A2E)的堆积,并抑制N-亚视黄基-N-视黄基-乙醇胺(A2E)的氧化。因而上述眼病预防或治疗用组合物可对包括老年性黄斑变性或退行性视网膜疾病在内的眼病表现出出色的预防或治疗效果。
并且,包含上述眼病预防或治疗用组合物的医药制剂对眼病具有预防或治疗效果。
附图说明
图1为评价S-烯丙基-L-半胱氨酸(S-allyl-cysteine)的光氧化抑制活性的图表。
图2为利用人视网膜色素上皮细胞株(APRE-19)评价N-亚视黄基-N-视黄基-乙醇胺(A2E)光氧化抑制活性的图表。
具体实施方式
以下,对本发明的实施例进行详细说明,来使本发明所述技术领域的普通技术人员能够容易实施本发明。但是本发明能够以多种相异的形态体现,本发明并不限定于所说明的实施例。
另一方面,在本说明书全文中,在没有其他说明的情况下,用于表示特定物质的浓度而使用的□%□为,固体/固体为重量与重量之间的百分比(重量/重量),固体/液体为重量与体积之间的百分比(重量/体积),并且液体/液体为体积与体积之间的百分比(体积/体积)。
[制备例:细胞培养]
通过购买(ARPE-19;美国模式培养物集存库American TypeCulture Collection,马纳萨斯弗吉尼亚州Manassas VA)用于本发明的实验及分析的视网膜色素上皮细胞株(Arising retinal pigmentepithelia cell line,ARPE-19:ATCC no.CRL-2302),并根据在以前文献中记述的方法来进行了传代培养(Sparrow,J.R.etal.,A2E,alipofuscinfluorophore,in human retinalpigmented epithelial cells in culture.Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci1999,40(12),2988-95)。
对上述培养方法进行具体说明则是,使用含有100U/ml青霉素(penicillin)、100mg/ml链霉素(streptomycin)、两性霉素B(amphotericin B)的抗生剂(吉毕科公司Gibco,美国USA)和含有10%胎牛血清(Hyclone公司,美国USA)的Dulbecco’s modifiedEagle’s medium培养基(DMEM,吉毕科公司Gibco,美国USA)来在温度为37℃、含5%CO2的培养箱中培养了视网膜色素上皮细胞株。在使细胞附着于培养皿的底部之后,若培养皿中充满了细胞,则用包含10%胎牛血清(吉毕科公司Gibco,美国USA)的培养基按1:4的比例进行胰岛素(trypsin)处理,从而进行了传代培养。
在将细胞用于实验时,按5×10个的细胞数量接种(seeding)于6孔(well)板,来进行了实验。
[实验例1:S-烯丙基-L-半胱氨酸(S-allyl-cysteine)的光氧化抑
制活性]
S-烯丙基-L-半胱氨酸(S-allyl-cysteine)对由蓝色光氧化的N-
亚视黄基-N-视黄基-乙醇胺(A2E)的氧化抑制能力实验
为了测定S-烯丙基-L-半胱氨酸(S-allyl-cysteine)对由蓝色光氧化的N-亚视黄基-N-视黄基-乙醇胺(A2E)的氧化抑制能力,在磷酸盐缓冲盐水(PBS,phosphate buffered saline)中溶解100μM的2AE,来使最终浓度达到20μM,并在96孔板(96-well plate)分别添加200ul后,在此溶液中添加阴性对照组及阳性对照组(叶黄素:20μM),或添加按所提示的浓度(S-allyl-cysteine:1,10100μM)稀释的试料。
按上述所提示的浓度将S-烯丙基-L-半胱氨酸混入各个孔(well),并使用移液管进行混合。之后使用能够放出中心波长为430nm的蓝色光的发光二极管(LED)灯来诱导光氧化,直到装有试料的微孔板(microplate)中的N-亚视黄基-N-视黄基-乙醇胺(A2E)的吸光度减少为1/2。利用酶联免疫吸附剂测定(ELISA)微孔板读取器来测定了光氧化诱导前后的吸光度。在利用N-亚视黄基-N-视黄基-乙醇胺(A2E)标注曲线并结合所测定的吸光度值来计算出浓度后,根据照射蓝色光之前与照射蓝色光之后的浓度差来计算出氧化的亚视黄基-N-视黄基-乙醇胺(A2E)的浓度。由此,根据下述计算式1来计算了所试验的试料的N-亚视黄基-N-视黄基-乙醇胺(A2E)光氧化抑制能力。在下述计算式1中,Abs.是指吸光度(absorbance)。
[计算式1]
A=Abs.A2E-Abs.A2E+蓝光
B={Abs.A2E+样品)-Abs.样品}-{(Abs.A2E+样品+蓝光)-(Abs.样品-Abs.样品+蓝光)}
[实验例2:利用人视网膜色素上皮细胞株(APRE-19)的N-亚视
黄基-N-视黄基-乙醇胺(A2E)光氧化抑制活性评价]
S-烯丙基-L-半胱氨酸(S-allyl-cysteine)对在堆积N-亚视黄基-N-
视黄基-乙醇胺(A2E)的人视网膜色素上皮细胞株(ARPE-19)中由
蓝色光引起的细胞死灭的细胞保护能力实验
按每孔(well)5×104个人视网膜色素上皮细胞株(ARPE-19)的方式在96孔(96-well)板进行分配后,对N-亚视黄基-N-视黄基-乙醇胺(A2E)进行处理,来使最终浓度达到20μM,并堆积了7天。之后对阴性对照组及阳性对照组(叶黄素:20μM))进行处理,或对按所提示的浓度(S-allyl-cysteine:1,10100μM))稀释的试料进行处理,并以如上所述的方式照射了蓝色光。
之后,利用3-(4,5-二甲基噻唑-2-基)-2,5-二苯基四氮唑溴盐(MTT,3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazoliumbromide)比色法来测定了细胞的生存率。该噻唑蓝比色法(MTT)为测定细胞增殖的实验室试验方法,可被称作标准比色分析法(standard colorimetric assay)。通常,使用血细胞计数器(hemocytometer)来数生存细胞的数量,或使用测定光学密度(optical density)的方法,但在测定大量细胞时需要很多时间和努力,并有可能带来不准确的结果。为了避免这种情况,开发了噻唑蓝比色法(MTT assay),该方法为利用线粒体的功能来进行检查的方法,借助细胞的线粒体脱氢酶作用(dehydrogenases)来将作为黄色的水溶性基质的3-(4,5-二甲基噻唑-2-基)-2,5-二苯基四氮唑溴盐(MTT,3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazoliumbromide)还原成紫色的非水溶性MTT-甲晶体(formazan crystals),能够快速准确地测定大量细胞的增殖。紫色结晶溶解于二甲基亚砜(DMSO:dimethyl sulfoxide),在540nm的波长中吸光度(Optical Density)最大,在这个波长中测定的吸光度与存活的细胞的数量有着直接的相关关系。即,存活的细胞越多,增加了甲晶体的生成,因而所测定的吸光度高。
根据噻唑蓝比色法(MTT)(3-(4,5-二甲基噻唑-2-基)-2,5-二苯基四氮唑溴盐(3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazoliumbromide);西格玛奥德里奇公司Sigma-Aldrich Inc.,圣路易斯,密苏里州,美国St.Louis,MO,U.S.A.),添加包含0.5mg/ml噻唑蓝(MTT)的培养基(DMEM)后,阻断光线,并在培养箱(incubator)中以37℃的温度进行2个小时的反应。反应结束后,用2ml的二甲基亚砜(DMSO:dimethyl sulfoxide)充分溶解细胞之后,在利用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay)微孔板读取器来测定在540nm下的吸光度之后,对N-亚视黄基-N-视黄基-乙醇胺(A2E)和样本均以对未堆积的组(正常对照组:normal control)百分比(%)来表示了细胞的生存率。
结论
S-烯丙基-L-半胱氨酸(S-allyl-cysteine)对由蓝色光氧化的N-
亚视黄基-N-视黄基-乙醇胺(A2E)的氧化抑制能力
为了测定本发明的S-烯丙基-L-半胱氨酸对N-亚视黄基-N-视黄基-乙醇胺(A2E)的氧化抑制能力,在根据上述实验例1的方法照射蓝色光之后,测定氧化N-亚视黄基-N-视黄基-乙醇胺(A2E)的浓度,并显示在附图1。
如图1所示,S-烯丙基-L-半胱氨酸(S-allyl-cysteine)在1,10,100μM浓度下,氧化的N-亚视黄基-N-视黄基-乙醇胺(A2E)与未经处理的细胞相比分别低了20%、32%、41%,当与作为阳性对照组的处理了叶黄素的组进行比较时,呈现出有益的保护活性,由此可确认,S-烯丙基-L-半胱氨酸以依赖浓度的方式对N-亚视黄基-N-视黄基-乙醇胺(A2E)呈现出氧化抑制能力。
S-烯丙基-L-半胱氨酸(S-allyl-cysteine)对在堆积N-亚视黄基-N-
视黄基-乙醇胺(A2E)的人视网膜色素上皮细胞株(ARPE-19)中由
蓝色光引起的细胞死灭的细胞保护能力
为了确认本发明的S-烯丙基-L-半胱氨酸(S-allyl-cysteine)的细胞保护能力,在根据上述实验例2来照射蓝色光后,根据噻唑蓝(MTT)比色法测定细胞的自我死灭程度,并显示在附图2。
如图2所示,可确认到堆积N-亚视黄基-N-视黄基-乙醇胺(A2E)后照射蓝色光的细胞(negative control)与阳性对照组之间有着有益的差异。
以阴性对照组(negative control)的细胞生存率为基准,以1,10,100μM浓度的S-烯丙基-L-半胱氨酸(S-allyl-cysteine)来处理的细胞的生存率分别高出63%、134%、167%,由此可确认S-烯丙基-L-半胱氨酸以依赖浓度的方式保护人视网膜色素上皮细胞。
以上,对本发明的优选实施例进行了详细说明,但本发明的权利范围并不限定于此,本领域技术人员利用在本发明要求保护范围中定义的本发明的基本理念来进行的多种变形及改良的形态也属于本发明的权利范围。
Claims (8)
1.一种眼病预防或治疗用组合物,其特征在于,
包含S-烯丙基-L-半胱氨酸、其药学上可接受的盐或它们的溶剂化物或水合物作为有效成分;
呈现出光氧化抑制活性。
2.一种眼病预防或治疗用组合物,其特征在于,
包含S-烯丙基-L-半胱氨酸、其药学上可接受的盐或它们的溶剂化物或水合物作为有效成分;
抑制视网膜色素上皮细胞内的N-亚视黄基-N-视黄基-乙醇胺的氧化。
3.根据权利要求2所述的眼病预防或治疗用组合物,其特征在于,
上述眼病为老年性黄斑变性或退行性视网膜疾病。
4.根据权利要求2所述的眼病预防或治疗用组合物,其特征在于,
上述眼病预防或治疗用组合物包含5至99.9重量百分比的上述S-烯丙基-L-半胱氨酸。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的眼病预防或治疗用组合物,其特征在于,
上述S-烯丙基-L-半胱氨酸为选自由从葱属植物分离纯化的、合成的、通过发酵来制成的物质组成的组中的一种。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的眼病预防或治疗用组合物,其特征在于,
上述眼病预防或治疗用组合物还包含抗炎剂或抗氧化剂。
7.根据权利要求6所述的眼病预防或治疗用组合物,其特征在于,
上述抗炎剂为选自由布洛芬、酮洛芬、氟比洛芬、非诺洛芬、萘普生、吡罗昔康、替诺昔康、伊索昔康、美洛昔康、吲哚美辛、醋氯芬酸、双氯芬酸及它们的组合组成的组中的一种;
上述抗氧化剂为选自由维生素A、维生素C、维生素E、类胡萝卜素、锌、铜、铁、锰、叶黄素、玉米黄质、硒、谷胱甘肽、番茄红素及它们的组合组成的组中的一种。
8.一种医药制剂,其特征在于,
选自由包含权利要求1或2所述的上述眼病预防或治疗用组合物的口服给药用制剂、粘膜应用制剂、注射剂、吸入剂及外用剂组成的组中。
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CN113747902A (zh) * | 2019-03-05 | 2021-12-03 | 康奈尔大学 | 具有从视网膜细胞去除脂褐素的活性的物质的组合物 |
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