CN104488818B - A kind of cultural method of Cuora flavomarginate - Google Patents
A kind of cultural method of Cuora flavomarginate Download PDFInfo
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- CN104488818B CN104488818B CN201410748825.1A CN201410748825A CN104488818B CN 104488818 B CN104488818 B CN 104488818B CN 201410748825 A CN201410748825 A CN 201410748825A CN 104488818 B CN104488818 B CN 104488818B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
Abstract
The invention discloses the cultural method of a kind of Cuora flavomarginate, including (1) incubation period；(2) young tortoise mature stage；(3) the children tortoise cultivation phase；(4) the tortoise cultivation phase is become；Innovative point of the present invention is (1) incubation period；(2) young tortoise mature stage；(3) the children tortoise cultivation phase；In three periods, the setting accurate, reasonable of the breeding device of tortoise and scientific management make the cultural method using new Cuora flavomarginate can improve the survival rate of Cuora flavomarginate to 90%, greatly reduce young tortoise phase and the death rate of children's tortoise phase, and cultivate with low cost, management science, the quality becoming tortoise is high, ornamental value is high, medical value is high, and supervises without the artificial moment, reduces labour, epidemic disaster and Illumination adjusting are convenient, in time, reliably, and be suitable for large-scale farming.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cultural technique field of tortoise, particularly relate to the cultural method of a kind of Cuora flavomarginate.
Background technology
Cuora flavomarginate, formal name used at school Cistoclemmys flavomarginata, also known as disconnected plate tortoise, folder snake tortoise, mainly divides
Cloth is in the middle and south of China, and Cuora flavomarginate is rare and endangered species, and it is the treasure in Chelonian, its medical value and nutrition
It is worth high, with it as primary raw material and drug matching, can anticancer detoxify, without any side effects, it is again that enriching yin is strengthened
Sun, the high tonic promoted longevity.Containing rich in protein, aliphatic acid, colloid, flesh liver etc. in Cuora flavomarginate body,
Marrow contains the various trace elements of hematopoietic cell and needed by human;" the disconnected plate tortoise injection made for raw material with tortoiseshell, turtle shell
Liquid " have been used for treating tuberculosis and the auxiliary of cancer being treated;Cuora flavomarginate has again good ornamental value simultaneously, is worked as
Raise as pet, deeply welcome by fan at home and abroad;Cuora flavomarginate in 1989 is listed in Henan Province and lays special stress on protecting dynamic
Thing.
The culturing time of Cuora flavomarginate is longer, and its existing cultivation survival rate is relatively low, general only about 50%, Huang Yuan
Cuora typically will be improper because of aquaculture management in young tortoise phase or children's tortoise cultivation phase, causes resistance to be deteriorated, thus increases
The death rate, therefore, the scientific management of young tortoise cultivation phase and children's tortoise cultivation phase is the key that Cuora flavomarginate survives, two rank
The environment that the management of section is grown with it is relevant.
Summary of the invention
For the problem of above-mentioned existence, the present invention provides the cultural method of a kind of new Cuora flavomarginate, this cultural method
The survival rate of Cuora flavomarginate can be improved to 90%, greatly reduce young tortoise phase and the death rate of children's tortoise phase, and the one-tenth cultivated
This is cheap, management science, and the quality becoming tortoise is high, and ornamental value is high, and medical value is high.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows:
The cultural method of a kind of Cuora flavomarginate, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps: (1) incubation period: the incubation period is often
Carry out between the May to August in year；
A, tortoise egg select: choosing size uniform, surface color uniform tortoise egg is some；
B, incubator make: choose the preferable casing of sealing as incubator, arrange damp proof insulation layer bottom incubator, hatching
Device upper end arranges the movable lid opened and can cover tightly with incubator sealing, and damp proof insulation layer upper end arranges heater, add hot charging
Putting upper end and arrange incubation tank, difference two openings setting up and down on incubator leading flank, each opening correspondence respectively adds hot charging
Put and incubation tank, and heater and incubation tank are arranged to incubator can the structure of pull, on each inwall of incubation tank
Bonding one layer of heat preservation material, and run through to the outside of incubator by the inside of incubation tank temperature sensor and humidity sensor are installed
Device；
C, the making of packing layer: laying one layer of packing layer in incubation tank interior bottom portion, packing layer is by perlite and vermiculite group
Becoming, the proportion of perlite and vermiculite is that the particle size of 2:1, perlite and vermiculite is 4mm～6mm, both is mixed
Rear filling incubation tank, and spread even；
D, the placement standard of tortoise egg: the tortoise egg chosen is placed in packing layer, put density be 100～150/
m2, it is absorbed in packing layer 1～2cm bottom each tortoise egg deep；
E, hatching process manage: hatching process is divided into three phases, are divided into temperature control stage, holding stage and not temperature control rank
Section, temperature control phase temperature controls at 28～31 DEG C, temperature control time 23～34 days；Holding stage temperature controls at 28～29 DEG C, protects
The temperature time 37～40 days, the not temperature control stage 12～19 days.
(2) young tortoise mature stage: the young tortoise mature stage time from September until March in the coming year；
A, the making of young tortoise breeding device: select casing as supporting container temporarily, support container upper end temporarily and movable folding is set
Lid, lid arranges some air vents, and arranges priming apparatus supporting container inner upper end temporarily, and bottom arranges temperature controller,
Arrange in the middle of temperature controller and priming apparatus and support room temporarily；
B, packing layer are arranged: supporting temporarily and arrange packing layer bottom chamber interior, packing layer uses perlite and sphagna, density
1kg～1.2kg/ m2；
C, yolk bag absorb the phase: after in step (1), the tortoise son of hatching pips, move it to support in container temporarily, temporarily
Supporting in container and spray a small amount of water, tortoise son relies on the yolk bag of self to absorb nutrition, and the nutriment in yolk bag was inhaled at 2～3 days
Harvest complete, after absorbing completely, proceeded in young tortoise breeding device；
D, young tortoise breeding process manage: the cultivation of young tortoise is divided into spring, stage in autumn and the stage of surviving the winter, Qi Zhongchun, stage in autumn to keep
Temperature, at 20 DEG C, added water once every 2 days by priming apparatus, and amount of water soaks based on perlite and sphagna, survives the winter the stage
By the temperature within the temperature controller young tortoise breeding device of control of bottom at 18～20 DEG C, and added water once every 3～5 days, young
Tortoise breeding process needs add, in breeding device, the bait that tortoise son eats every day；
(3) the children tortoise cultivation phase: young tortoise production time in children's tortoise breeding device is the time of a year and a half to 2 years；
A, children tortoise breeding device making: a support is set, on support from the top down interval arrange territoriality grown layer and
Aqueous grown layer, arranges excessive passage so that young tortoise between the two layers can between territoriality grown layer and aqueous grown layer
Move freely, meet the habitat of half land half water needed for tortoise growth, internal all at territoriality grown layer and aqueous grown layer
Arranging perlite and sphagna packing layer, density is 0.8kg～1kg/ m2；
B, children's tortoise breeding process management: in children's tortoise breeding process, every day adds in territoriality grown layer and aqueous grown layer
Bait, and spring and autumn every 2 days spray moisture, spray moisture every day in summer, winter every 3～4 days spray moisture, and
Summer lowers the temperature, and winter is incubated, it is ensured that the temperature in territoriality grown layer and aqueous grown layer is at 18～20 DEG C；
(4) the tortoise cultivation phase is become: become the tortoise cultivation phase up to 7～8 years；
A, the construction of one-tenth tortoise breeding environment: selection more quiet plot, outdoor, as becoming tortoise cultivation ground, is planted to this cultivation
There is plant, and tank is set in this cultivation ground, the tank degree of depth 20～30cm, lay one layer on the ground in plot, land, cultivation ground
Dead leaf；
B, one-tenth tortoise breeding process management: become in tortoise breeding process and cultivating accommodating food every day on the ground, edible for tortoise, at sun
The period that light is stronger need to lay one layer of sunshade net in upper end, cultivation ground.
The present invention further improvement is that: in described step (1), " incubator " uses bubble chamber, and described " incubation tank " uses
Frame of plastic.
The present invention further improvement is that: territoriality grown layer and aqueous grown layer are formed by frame of plastic and lid, lid
Air vent is had on body.
The present invention further improvement is that: described step (1) " incubation period ", step (2) " young tortoise mature stage " and step
(3) " children's tortoise cultivation phase " all cultivation in indoor environment.
The present invention further improvement is that: the container arrived used in described step (1), step (2) and step (3) is equal
Carry out disinfection sterilization processing before the use.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention uses the cultural method of new Cuora flavomarginate, this cultural method can
Improve the survival rate of Cuora flavomarginate to 90%, greatly reduce young tortoise phase and the death rate of children's tortoise phase, and the low cost cultivated
Honest and clean, management science, the quality becoming tortoise is high, and ornamental value is high, and medical value is high, and supervises without the artificial moment, reduces work
Power, epidemic disaster and Illumination adjusting are convenient, in time, reliably.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, technical scheme is further described.
(1) incubation period: the incubation period was carried out between annual May to August；
A, tortoise egg select: choosing size uniform, surface color uniform tortoise egg is some；
B, incubator make: choose the preferable bubble chamber of sealing as incubator, the insulation of bubble chamber, moisturizing and sealing
Performance is all preferable, arranges damp proof insulation layer bottom incubator, and the setting of damp proof insulation layer prevents incubator to be directly placed at the moisture absorption on ground, long
Phase can cause incubator bottom surface mouldy, produces bacterium, virus, affects the normal incubation of tortoise egg, and incubator upper end arranges movable
Opening and can seal, with incubator, the lid covered tightly, lid is arranged to activity, meets convenient unlatching, and damp proof insulation layer upper end arranges and add
Thermal, heater upper end arranges incubation tank, and difference two openings setting up and down on incubator leading flank, each opening divides
Corresponding heater and incubation tank, and heater and incubation tank are arranged to incubator can the structure of pull, pull is tied
Structure refer to heater and incubation tank all can at lateral opening free pull, convenient situations checking that both are internal, it is to avoid as
General incubator is such, needs heater and incubation tank repeatedly thoroughly take out the phenomenon that could check inner case, and
And avoid the excessively turnover change to the environment that tortoise egg produces, thus affect its hatching efficiency and success rate, every at incubation tank
Bonding one layer of heat preservation material on individual inwall, increases the heat-insulating property within incubator, and by the inside of incubation tank to incubator
Outside is run through and is provided with temperature sensor and humidity sensor, temperature sensor and humidity sensor and can measure in incubation tank in real time
The temperature and humidity in portion, accomplishes in time, science, effectively adjusts, because the strict and scientific management of temperature and humidity is hatching
One of and the key of cultivation；
C, the making of packing layer: laying one layer of packing layer in incubation tank interior bottom portion, packing layer is by perlite and vermiculite group
Become, the proportion of perlite and vermiculite is 2:1, perlite: density is light, chemical stability good, high insulating effect and nontoxic, tasteless,
Fire prevention, sound-absorbing, be relatively suitable for the environment of hatching required for tortoise egg, vermiculite: good permeability, and water absorbing force is strong, and temperature change is little, can protect
Holding internal moistening, humidity is uniform, but also has the effect of absorption noxious material, and the particle size of perlite and vermiculite is
5mm, fills incubation tank, and spreads even after both being mixed；
D, the placement standard of tortoise egg: be placed in packing layer by the tortoise egg chosen, putting density is 120/m2, each
Packing layer 1～2cm it is absorbed in deep bottom tortoise egg；
E, hatching process manage: hatching process is divided into three phases, are divided into temperature control stage, holding stage and not temperature control rank
Section, temperature control phase temperature controls at 28～31 DEG C, temperature control time 23～34 days；Holding stage temperature controls at 28～29 DEG C, protects
The temperature time 37～40 days, the not temperature control stage 12～19 days, the hatching of tortoise egg then within 12～19 days of last this not temperature control,
The time of each tortoise egg broken shell not exclusively as, substantially hatched between 80 days to 90 days of incubation period, and the temperature control stage
Being all that last broken shell is done more sufficient preparation with holding stage, the temperature in two stages controls and the time controls all
Affect hatching efficiency.
(2) young tortoise mature stage: the young tortoise mature stage time from September until March in the coming year；
A, the making of young tortoise breeding device: select casing as supporting container temporarily, support container upper end temporarily and movable folding is set
Lid, lid arranges some air vents, and arranges priming apparatus supporting container inner upper end temporarily, and bottom arranges temperature controller,
Arranging in the middle of temperature controller and priming apparatus and support room temporarily, supporting container temporarily needs comprehensively to sterilize and sterilization processing before the use；
B, packing layer are arranged: supporting temporarily and arrange packing layer bottom chamber interior, packing layer uses perlite and Yunnan sphagna, precious
Zhu Yan and Yunnan sphagna are used in mixed way can improve ventilative, performance of keeping humidity, density 1kg～1.2kg/ m2；
C, yolk bag absorb the phase: after in step (1), the tortoise son of hatching pips, move it to support in container temporarily, temporarily
Supporting in container and spray a small amount of water, tortoise son relies on the yolk bag of self to absorb nutrition, and the nutriment in yolk bag was inhaled at 2～3 days
Harvest complete, after absorbing completely, proceeded in young tortoise breeding device；
D, young tortoise breeding process manage: the cultivation of young tortoise is divided into spring, stage in autumn and the stage of surviving the winter, Qi Zhongchun, stage in autumn to keep
Temperature, at 20 DEG C, added water once every 2 days by priming apparatus, and amount of water soaks based on perlite and sphagna, survives the winter the stage
By the temperature within the temperature controller young tortoise breeding device of control of bottom at 18～20 DEG C, and added water once every 3～5 days, young
Tortoise breeding process need every day toward breeding device adds the bait that tortoise son eats, bait mainly with earthworm, slug, centipede, chafer,
Snail, gecko, butterfly class larva, and various vegetables, fruit etc. is main；
(3) the children tortoise cultivation phase: young tortoise production time in children's tortoise breeding device is the time of a year and a half to 2 years；
A, children tortoise breeding device making: a support is set, on support from the top down interval arrange territoriality grown layer and
Aqueous grown layer, territoriality grown layer and aqueous grown layer are formed by frame of plastic and lid, and lid has air vent, it is ensured that
Required more weak light and oxygen in children's tortoise growth course, arranged between territoriality grown layer and aqueous grown layer
Degree passage so that young tortoise can move freely between the two layers, meets the habitat of half land half water needed for tortoise growth, excessively
Channel slopes arrange, angle of inclination is between 15～30 °, and angle of inclination can not be excessive, excessive cause very much children tortoise from excessive passage
On the possibility that falls down, the making of this breeding device can largely improve the survival rate of children tortoise, because children tortoise can basis
The upgrowth situation unrestricted choice environment of oneself, it is not necessary to artificially force its living environment so that children tortoise can free healthy growth,
And walk up and down between multiple tortoise, it is also possible to improve the survival rate of children tortoise, inside territoriality grown layer and aqueous grown layer
Being respectively provided with perlite and sphagna packing layer, density is 0.8kg～1kg/ m2, and need children's tortoise breeding device is entered before cultivation
Row is sterilized thoroughly and is sterilized comprehensively；
B, children's tortoise breeding process management: in children's tortoise breeding process, every day adds in territoriality grown layer and aqueous grown layer
Bait, with earthworm, slug, centipede, chafer, snail, gecko, butterfly class larva, and various vegetables, fruit is main, it is also possible to
Adding the lean meat such as chicken, and sprayed moisture at spring and autumn every 2 days, spray moisture every day in summer, winter was every spray in 3～4 days
Jetting divides, and lowers the temperature in summer, and winter is incubated, it is ensured that the temperature in territoriality grown layer and aqueous grown layer is 18
～20 DEG C；
(4) the tortoise cultivation phase is become: become the tortoise cultivation phase up to 7～8 years；
A, the construction of one-tenth tortoise breeding environment: selection more quiet plot, outdoor, as becoming tortoise cultivation ground, is planted to this cultivation
There is plant, and tank is set in this cultivation ground, the tank degree of depth 20～30cm, lay one layer on the ground in plot, land, cultivation ground
Dead leaf；
B, one-tenth tortoise breeding process management: become in tortoise breeding process and cultivating accommodating food every day on the ground, edible for tortoise, at sun
The period that light is stronger need to lay one layer of sunshade net in upper end, cultivation ground.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, be not intended as limitation of the invention further, every profit
The various equivalences made by the description of the present invention improve, all within protection scope of the present invention.
The invention discloses the cultural method of a kind of Cuora flavomarginate, including (1) incubation period；(2) young tortoise mature stage；
(3) the children tortoise cultivation phase；(4) the tortoise cultivation phase is become；Innovative point of the present invention is (1) incubation period；(2) young tortoise mature stage；(3) children tortoise is supported
Grow the phase；In three periods, the setting accurate, reasonable of the breeding device of tortoise and scientific management make to use new Cuora flavomarginate
Cultural method can improve the survival rate of Cuora flavomarginate to 90%, greatly reduce young tortoise phase and the death rate of children's tortoise phase, and
And cultivation is with low cost, management science, the quality becoming tortoise is high, and ornamental value is high, and medical value is high, and without the artificial moment
Supervision, reduces labour, epidemic disaster and Illumination adjusting convenient, in time, reliably, and is suitable for large-scale farming.
Claims (5)
1. the cultural method of a Cuora flavomarginate, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps: (1) incubation period: the incubation period is every year
May to August between carry out；
A, tortoise egg select: choosing size uniform, surface color uniform tortoise egg is some；
B, incubator make: choose the preferable casing of sealing as incubator, arrange damp proof insulation layer, on incubator bottom incubator
End arranges the movable lid opened and can cover tightly with incubator sealing, and damp proof insulation layer upper end arranges heater, on heater
End arranges incubation tank, respectively two openings setting up and down on incubator leading flank, the most corresponding heater of each opening and
Incubation tank, and heater and incubation tank are arranged to incubator can the structure of pull, bonding on each inwall of incubation tank
One layer of heat preservation material, and run through to the outside of incubator by the inside of incubation tank temperature sensor and humidity sensor are installed；
C, the making of packing layer: laying one layer of packing layer in incubation tank interior bottom portion, packing layer is made up of perlite and vermiculite, precious
The proportion of Zhu Yan and vermiculite is that the particle size of 2:1, perlite and vermiculite is 4mm～6mm, fills after both being mixed
Incubation tank, and spread even；
D, the placement standard of tortoise egg: be placed in packing layer by the tortoise egg chosen, putting density is 100～150/m2, each
Packing layer 1～2cm it is absorbed in deep bottom tortoise egg；
E, hatching process manage: hatching process is divided into three phases, are divided into temperature control stage, holding stage and not temperature control stage,
Temperature control phase temperature controls at 28～31 DEG C, temperature control time 23～34 days；Holding stage temperature controls at 28～29 DEG C, during insulation
Between 37～40 days, the not temperature control stage 12～19 days；
(2) young tortoise mature stage: the young tortoise mature stage time from September until March in the coming year；
A, the making of young tortoise breeding device: select casing as supporting container temporarily, support container upper end temporarily and the lid of movable folding is set,
Arranging some air vents on lid, and arrange priming apparatus supporting container inner upper end temporarily, bottom arranges temperature controller, at temperature controller
Room is supported temporarily with arranging in the middle of priming apparatus；
B, packing layer are arranged: support temporarily and arrange packing layer bottom chamber interior, and packing layer uses perlite and sphagna, density 1kg～
1.2kg/ m2；
C, yolk bag absorb the phase: after in step (1), the tortoise son of hatching pips, move it to support in container temporarily, support temporarily and hold
Spraying a small amount of water in device, tortoise son relies on the yolk bag of self to absorb nutrition, and the nutriment in yolk bag absorbed at 2～3 days
Entirely, after absorbing completely, proceeded in young tortoise breeding device；
D, young tortoise breeding process manage: the cultivation of young tortoise is divided into spring, stage in autumn and the stage of surviving the winter, Qi Zhongchun, autumn stage holding temperature
At 20 DEG C, adding water once every 2 days by priming apparatus, amount of water soaks based on perlite and sphagna, and the stage of surviving the winter passes through
The temperature controller control of bottom temperature within young tortoise breeding device is at 18～20 DEG C, and adds water once every 3～5 days, supports young tortoise
The process of growing needs add, in breeding device, the bait that tortoise son eats every day；
(3) the children tortoise cultivation phase: young tortoise production time in children's tortoise breeding device is the time of a year and a half to 2 years；
A, the making of children's tortoise breeding device: arranging a support, on support, interval arranges territoriality grown layer and aqueous from the top down
Grown layer, arranges excessive passage between territoriality grown layer and aqueous grown layer so that young tortoise between the two layers can be free
Mobile, meet the habitat of half land half water needed for tortoise growth, be respectively provided with inside territoriality grown layer and aqueous grown layer
Perlite and sphagna packing layer, density is 0.8kg～1kg/ m2；
B, children's tortoise breeding process management: in children's tortoise breeding process, every day adds bait in territoriality grown layer and aqueous grown layer
Material, and sprayed moisture at spring and autumn every 2 days, spray moisture every day in summer, winter sprayed moisture every 3～4 days, and in the summer
Ji Jinhang lowers the temperature, and is incubated winter, it is ensured that the temperature in territoriality grown layer and aqueous grown layer is at 18～20 DEG C；
(4) the tortoise cultivation phase is become: become the tortoise cultivation phase up to 7～8 years；
A, the construction of one-tenth tortoise breeding environment: select more quiet plot, outdoor as becoming tortoise cultivation ground, plant to this cultivation and be implanted with
Thing, and tank is set in this cultivation ground, the tank degree of depth 20～30cm, the ground laying one layer in plot, land, cultivation ground is withered
Leaf；
B, one-tenth tortoise breeding process management: become in tortoise breeding process and cultivating accommodating food every day on the ground, edible for tortoise, at sunlight relatively
The strong period need to lay one layer of sunshade net in upper end, cultivation ground.
The cultural method of a kind of Cuora flavomarginate the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described step " is incubated in (1)
Change device " use bubble chamber, described " incubation tank " uses frame of plastic.
The cultural method of a kind of Cuora flavomarginate the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that territoriality grown layer and water
Property grown layer formed by frame of plastic and lid, lid has air vent.
The cultural method of a kind of Cuora flavomarginate the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described step (1) " hatching
Phase ", step (2) " young tortoise mature stage " and step (3) " children's tortoise cultivation phase " all cultivation in indoor environment.
The cultural method of a kind of Cuora flavomarginate the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described step (1), step
(2) and used in step (3) to container carry out disinfection the most before the use sterilization processing.
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| CN105815271A (en) * | 2016-03-22 | 2016-08-03 | 五河县金塘水产养殖有限公司金贸园分公司 | Indoor hatching method of soft-shelled turtle |
| CN105900892B (en) * | 2016-06-17 | 2019-03-29 | 绍兴文理学院元培学院 | A kind of quasi- ecologic breeding mode of Cuora flavomarginata |
| CN106719408A (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2017-05-31 | 广德安缘龟业生态家庭农场 | Cuora flavomarginate becomes more meticulous comprehensive breeding method |
| CN106818625B (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2020-04-10 | 浙江海洋大学 | Method for improving hatching speed of cuora flavomarginata |
| CN107711698A (en) * | 2017-11-06 | 2018-02-23 | 宁国市金东坊农业开发有限公司 | A kind of tortoise industrialized cultivation method |
| CN114451356A (en) * | 2022-03-24 | 2022-05-10 | 中山市农业科技推广中心 | Annan turtle egg hatching method |
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