CN105900892B - A kind of quasi- ecologic breeding mode of Cuora flavomarginata - Google Patents
A kind of quasi- ecologic breeding mode of Cuora flavomarginata Download PDFInfo
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- CN105900892B CN105900892B CN201610445238.4A CN201610445238A CN105900892B CN 105900892 B CN105900892 B CN 105900892B CN 201610445238 A CN201610445238 A CN 201610445238A CN 105900892 B CN105900892 B CN 105900892B
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- hatching
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of Cuora flavomarginatas to intend ecologic breeding mode, belongs to technical field of ecological culture.Establish the quasi- ecological cultivation system being successively made of water inlet, water inlet buffer area, sandstone base vegetation region one, semi-aquatic vegetation region, sandstone base phytal zone, streams area, half profundal zone, sandstone base vegetation region two and water outlet, male and female in quasi- ecological cultivation system according to 1:3 matches close tortoise, and establish simulated rainfall, by sound, water temperature and humid control, close tortoise heat mating is stimulated.Invention is applied to the hatching and cultivation of Cuora flavomarginata, rate of fertilization can be improved 25% or more.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Cuora flavomarginatas to intend ecologic breeding mode, belongs to technical field of ecological culture.
Background technique
Cuora flavomarginata belongs to reptile, when development ovum, the metaboilic level of developmental embryo and Sex Differentiation by
Incubation temperature is affected.By ground hot incubation after Cuora flavomarginata ovum output, influenced by environmental change, and often by the danger of natural enemy
The survival rate of evil, hatching rate and young tortoise is very low.In addition, wild Cuora flavomarginata oviposition mode and other tortoises have larger difference,
It is laid eggs, and cave is shallower, and ovum generally tiles or is partly embedded in sandy soil.This spawning and hatching mode, determines it by such environmental effects
It is larger, cause its hatching rate low, and in the growth course of its ovum, the alternately temperature difference occurs in upper and lower two halves ovum.
In recent years, small-scale artificial feeding Cuora flavomarginata increasingly rises, but often by germ plasm resource and captive breeding technology etc.
Factor restricts.The oviposition quantity of Cuora flavomarginata and the nutritive proportion in tortoise each period have the dynamic of much relations, especially subadult
The addition of physical property feed has extremely significant difference.The environment temperature of close tortoise post-coitum and the incubation temperature after oviposition are to influence
Tortoise egg development and effective hatching rate key factor.The embryonic development of Cuora flavomarginata needs the combination of temperature and time, i.e., effectively long-pending
Temperature.The researchs such as Huang Bin discovery improves accumulated temperature, can be obviously shortened the incubation period, but hatching rate can be declined.Though wild Cuora flavomarginata
Belong to gregarious Chelonian, but testudinate often occurs since by breeding water body, feed, the factors such as air influence during propagating artificially
The common disease of class raising, such as: tuberculosis, putrid skin disease, intestine gastric ulcer disease, helminth.In addition, existing breeding enterprise is substantially
It makes the transition on the basis of Shelled Turtle Trionyx Sinensis cultivation, lacks the understanding to conditions such as the life of wild Cuora flavomarginata, mating, breedings.
Based on this, the application is made.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome drawbacks described above present in existing Cuora flavomarginata breeding process, the application provide a kind of hatching rate it is high,
The quasi- ecological incubator of Cuora flavomarginata that quasi- natural mode hatching can be achieved expands pure lines population using quasi- ecological chartering cost technology
Quantity makes it possible that being sheerly seedling field releases, and is finally effectively protected this endangered species, to protect species diversity,
Also the sustainable use for traditional Chinese medicine natural resources provides approach.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution that the application takes is as follows:
A kind of quasi- ecologic breeding mode of Cuora flavomarginata, includes the following steps: that (1) establishes quasi- ecological cultivation system: quasi- ecology
Cultivating system is successively by water inlet, water inlet buffer area, sandstone base vegetation region one, semi-aquatic vegetation region, sandstone base phytal zone, streams
Area, half profundal zone, sandstone base vegetation region two and water outlet are constituted, and the water of water inlet adjusts water temperature and soda acid through water inlet buffer area
Degree, sandstone base vegetation region one is land-based activity area, and provides corresponding food；Semi-aquatic vegetation region adjusts system as wetland
Interior environment；Sandstone base phytal zone, streams area and half profundal zone form half shelving, as underwater movement area, and provide aquatic food products；
Water in system is discharged through water outlet after the filtering of sandstone base vegetation region two, guarantees the remnant organic matters such as the food in cultivation point
Solution, prevents from polluting water body；(2) male and female in quasi- ecological cultivation system according to 1:3 matches close tortoise, and establishes simulation drop
Rain stimulates close tortoise heat mating by sound, water temperature and humid control.
Further, as preferred:
Kind is implanted with flowers and shrubs in the sandstone base vegetation region one, is yellow edge box such as wild strawberry, mulberry tree, chinaberry, bamboo
Tortoise provides growth rest masking environment；The foods such as insect, berry are provided simultaneously.
Interior kind of the semi-aquatic vegetation region is implanted with wetland plant, such as reed, constructs small-scale artificial wetland, adjusts cultivation system
Environment in uniting.
It is provided with incubator in the sandstone base vegetation region one, which includes cabinet, hatching table top, humidification mechanism
And heating mechanism, it is provided with several hatching table tops in the cabinet, is provided with incubation tank on each hatching table top, the hatching
Slot is to the hemispherical of hatching table top inside recess；In cabinet, humidification mechanism is arranged in upper part, and lower part is set below hatching table top
Heating mechanism is set, and humidification mechanism is connected with humidity relay, heating mechanism is connected with temperature relay, is then provided on cabinet
The time relay, the time relay control starting or stoping for humidification mechanism, ventilating fan structure and heating mechanism；In cabinet, incubate
Change and form hatching house above table top, heating mechanism region forms heating room below hatching table top.
Ventilating fan structure is provided on the wall box, to accelerate the adjustment of temperature and humidity；
The top of the box is provided with top cover, plays the effect of constant temperature and heat preservation；It is furthermore preferred that before the top cover is
High structure after low, utmostly to play the effect of optimization environment of hatching.
It is provided with partition between the hatching table top and heating mechanism, forms heat transition between partition and hatching table top
Room heats and heat transition chamber is arranged between room and hatching house, to ensure to hatch the stabilization and uniformly of room temperature.
It is provided with sandy soil ratio 1:1 in the incubation tank and is formed by hatching transition zone, to realize that husky base ova nuda moisturizing is incubated
Change, improves the hatching rate of Cuora flavomarginata.
Carry out seed breeding and Cultivating techniques, cultivating condition and quality control in step (2), during aquaculture management respectively
A series of researchs such as technology, cultivation surroundings monitoring technology, disease prevention technology, young tortoise to adult tortoise realize reasonable chartering cost,
Grope the most suitable growth, development, reproduction, incubation condition.Incubation temperature control: simulation daytime (6:00-18:00): ovum upper temp
It 28.5 DEG C, 26 DEG C of ovum temperature of lower, 12h, simulates night (lower day 6:00 of 18:00-): 25 DEG C of ovum upper temp, ovum lower part temperature
28 DEG C of degree, 12h, both of which is alternately；Breeding feed relies primarily on algae, planktonic organism and miniature water in cultivating system
Lively object.
The application is established by simulation Cuora flavomarginata natural growing environment with sandstone base vegetation region, semi-aquatic vegetation region, sand
Ground mass phytal zone etc. cultivates living area, stimulates heat, innovative design " the bilayer alternately warm and humid automatic control of dual control using simulated rainfall
The hatching techniques such as hatching system " combination " husky base ova nuda moisturizing " construct the quasi- ecological chartering cost system of perfect Cuora flavomarginata.And
Using this chartering cost system, expand Cuora flavomarginata reproductive number, makes it possible that being sheerly seedling field releases, thus effectively
This endangered species is protected, to protect bio-diversity, is also utilized for the sustainable protection of traditional Chinese medicine natural resources and approach is provided.
Using quasi- ecologic breeding mode provided herein, rate of fertilization mentions 25% or so.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the application cultivating system schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the front schematic view of incubator；
Fig. 3 is the side schematic view of the application incubator.
Wherein label: 1. cabinets；2. hatching table top；21. incubation tank；3. humidification mechanism；31. humidity relay；4. changing wind
Mechanism；5. heating mechanism；51. temperature relay；6. partition；7. top cover；8. the time relay；A. hatching house；B. heat transition
Room；C. room is heated.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of Cuora flavomarginata of the present embodiment intends ecologic breeding mode, includes the following steps:
(1) it using modes such as simulated rainfalls, establishes Cuora flavomarginata and intends ecological breeding mode, effective stimulus parent's tortoise heat is handed over
Match, improves rate of fertilization.
The characteristics of using wild rainy season Cuora flavomarginata mid-May morning heat, in quasi- ecological cultivation farm breeding area with 1:3's
Male and female establishes simulated rainfall than matching close tortoise, and by sound, water temperature, humidity etc. stimulates close tortoise heat mating, improves fertilization
Rate.
(2) it establishes Cuora flavomarginata and intends Eco-breeding pattern, improve quasi- ecologic breeding specification.
It establishes Cuora flavomarginata and intends ecological cultivation system, in conjunction with Fig. 1, intake by system of mountain spring stream, intake through sandstone slow
Punching adjusts coolant-temperature gage, pH value, flows through system sandstone base vegetation region, and plantation is planted the flowers and plants such as wild strawberry, mulberry tree, chinaberry, bamboo and filled
Wood provides rest masking environment for Cuora flavomarginata growth, while providing the foods such as some insects, berry.Semi-aquatic vegetation region kind
The wetland plants such as reed are planted, small-scale artificial wetland is constructed, adjust environment in cultivating system.Sandstone phytal zone and streams area, half is deep
Pool provides the foods such as aquatic animal at shelving, for Cuora flavomarginata.Outflow system after system outlet is filtered into sandstone vegetation region is protected
The remnant organic matters such as the food in card cultivation decompose, and prevent from polluting water body.Carry out seed during aquaculture management respectively
Breeding and Cultivating techniques, cultivating condition and Quality Control Technology, cultivation surroundings monitoring technology, disease prevention technology etc. are a series of grinds
Study carefully.Reasonable chartering cost is realized from young tortoise to adult tortoise, gropes the most suitable growth, development, reproduction, incubation condition, and establish a set of
Cuora flavomarginata intends ecologic breeding specification.
Wherein, incubator employed in sandstone base vegetation region, in conjunction with Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, including cabinet 1, hatching table top 2 plus
Wet mechanism 3 and heating mechanism 5 are provided with a hatching table top 2 in cabinet 1, are provided with several incubation tanks on the hatching table top 2
21, the incubation tank 21 be to hatching table top 2 on the inside of be recessed it is hemispherical；In cabinet 1, upper part be arranged humidification mechanism 3, lower part in
Hatch and heating mechanism 5 is set below table top 2, and humidification mechanism 3 is connected with humidity relay 31, heating mechanism 5 is connected with temperature
Relay 51 is additionally provided with the time relay 8 on cabinet 1, which controls humidification mechanism 3, ventilating fan structure 4 and add
Heat engine structure 5 starts or stops, to realize the warm and humid parameter of timing controlled；In cabinet 1, hatches and forms hatching house A above table top 2,
Hatch 2 lower section heating mechanism of table top, 5 region and forms heating room C；It it is provided with sandy soil ratio 1:1 in incubation tank 21 is formed by and incubate
Change transition zone, to realize husky base ova nuda moisturizing hatching, improves the hatching rate of Cuora flavomarginata.
Embodiment 2
A kind of Cuora flavomarginata of the present embodiment intends ecologic breeding mode, in conjunction with Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, employed in sandstone base vegetation region
Incubator include cabinet 1, hatching table top 2, humidification mechanism 3, ventilating fan structure 4 and heating mechanism 5, be provided with one in cabinet 1
Hatch table top 2, be provided with several incubation tanks 21 on the hatching table top 2, which is recessed to hatching on the inside of table top 2
It is hemispherical；In cabinet 1, humidification mechanism 3 is arranged in upper part, ventilating fan structure 4 is provided on 1 side wall of cabinet, lower part is in hatching table top 2
Heating mechanism 5 is arranged in lower section, and humidification mechanism 3 is connected with humidity relay 31, and heating mechanism 5 is connected with temperature relay 51,
The time relay 8 is additionally provided on cabinet 1, which controls humidification mechanism 3, ventilating fan structure 4 and heating mechanism 5
It starts or stops, to realize the warm and humid parameter of timing controlled；In cabinet 1, hatch and form hatching house A above table top 2, hatches table top 2
Heating mechanism 5 region in lower section forms heating room C；It is provided with sandy soil ratio 1:1 in incubation tank 21 and is formed by hatching transition zone,
To realize husky base ova nuda moisturizing hatching, the hatching rate of Cuora flavomarginata is improved.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment is identical as the setting of embodiment 2 and working principle, and difference is: top cover 7 is provided at the top of cabinet 1,
Top cover 7 is low early and high after structure, plays the effect of constant temperature and heat preservation, utmostly to play the effect of optimization environment of hatching.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment is identical as the setting of embodiment 2 and working principle, and difference is: hatching table top 2 and heating mechanism 5 it
Between be provided with partition 6, form heat transition chamber B between partition 6 and hatching table top 2, heat and heat is set between room C and hatching house A
Transition chamber B is measured, to ensure in hatching house A the stabilization of temperature and uniformly.
Setting hatching table top 2 in incubator, hatches the incubation tank that arcuate structure or hemispherical dome structure are arranged on table top 2
21, uniformly, the hatching transition zone of setting sandy soil matter in incubation tank 21 realizes husky base ova nuda for the fixation and temperature transmitting that can facilitate ovum
Hatching；And in cabinet 1, humidification mechanism 3, ventilating fan structure 4 and heating mechanism 5 is respectively set, while being configured with humidity relay
31, temperature relay 51 and the time relay 8, realize top heat and bottom cold on daytime, and cool lower heat on night realizes that simulation nature hatches ring
Border, and the accurate control condition of energy, make animal pole in its embryo development procedure, plant pole receive the temperature respectively needed.
The comparison of Cuora flavomarginata rate of fertilization under the conditions of 1 different breeding of table
| Cultivating condition | Laying | Fertilization number | Rate of fertilization |
| Conventional cultivation | 235 | 154 | 65.5% |
| The application | 256 | 233 | 91.0% |
Wherein, aquaculture pond, rest area is generally arranged in the conventional cultivation field in table 1, and breeding area is hatched and incubated using single warm constant temperature
Change.
The application passes through through simulation Cuora flavomarginata natural growing environment, establishes with sandstone base vegetation region, semi-aquatic vegetation
Area, sandstone base phytal zone etc. cultivate living area, stimulate heat using simulated rainfall, " alternately dual control is warm and humid certainly for bilayer for innovative design
The incubator of the hatching techniques such as dynamic control hatching system " combination " husky base ova nuda moisturizing ", constructs the quasi- ecology of perfect Cuora flavomarginata
Chartering cost system, and this chartering cost system is utilized, expand Cuora flavomarginata reproductive number, releases into pure lines seedling field
To be possible, so that this endangered species of effective protection is also the sustainable guarantor of traditional Chinese medicine natural resources to protect bio-diversity
Shield utilizes offer approach.Using quasi- ecologic breeding mode provided herein, in conjunction with table 1, rate of fertilization improves 25% or more.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of Cuora flavomarginata intends ecologic breeding mode, characterized by the following steps: (1) establish quasi- ecologic breeding system
System: quasi- ecological cultivation system is successively shallow by water inlet, water inlet buffer area, sandstone base vegetation region one, semi-aquatic vegetation region, sandstone base
Pool, streams area, half profundal zone, sandstone base vegetation region two and water outlet are constituted, and the water of water inlet adjusts water through water inlet buffer area
Mild pH value, sandstone base vegetation region one is land-based activity area, and provides corresponding food；Semi-aquatic vegetation region as wetland,
Environment in adjustment system；Sandstone base phytal zone, streams area and half profundal zone form half shelving, as underwater movement area, and provide
Aquatic food products；Water in system is discharged through water outlet after the filtering of sandstone base vegetation region two, guarantees the remnants such as the food in cultivation
Organic matter decomposition prevents from polluting water body；(2) male and female in quasi- ecological cultivation system according to 1:3 matches close tortoise, and builds
Vertical simulated rainfall stimulates close tortoise heat mating by sound, water temperature and humid control；
It is provided with incubator in the sandstone base vegetation region one, which includes cabinet, hatching table top, humidification mechanism and add
Heat engine structure is provided with several hatching table tops in the cabinet, is provided with incubation tank on each hatching table top, which is
It is recessed on the inside of to hatching table top hemispherical；In cabinet, humidification mechanism is arranged in upper part, and lower part setting below hatching table top adds
Heat engine structure, and humidification mechanism is connected with humidity relay, heating mechanism is connected with temperature relay, having time is then arranged on cabinet
Relay, the time relay control starting or stoping for humidification mechanism, ventilating fan structure and heating mechanism；In cabinet, hatch platform
Hatching house is formed above face, heating mechanism region forms heating room below hatching table top；The hatching table top and heating
It is provided with partition between mechanism, forms heat transition chamber between partition and hatching table top；
It is provided with sandy soil ratio 1:1 in the incubation tank and is formed by hatching transition zone.
2. a kind of Cuora flavomarginata as described in claim 1 intends ecologic breeding mode, it is characterised in that: the sandstone base vegetation
Qu Yizhong kind is implanted with flowers and shrubs.
3. a kind of Cuora flavomarginata as described in claim 1 intends ecologic breeding mode, it is characterised in that: the semi-aquatic vegetation
Kind wetland plant is implanted in area.
4. a kind of Cuora flavomarginata as described in claim 1 intends ecologic breeding mode, it is characterised in that: on the wall box
It is provided with ventilating fan structure.
5. a kind of Cuora flavomarginata as described in claim 1 intends ecologic breeding mode, it is characterised in that: the top of the box is set
It is equipped with top cover.
6. a kind of Cuora flavomarginata as claimed in claim 5 intends ecologic breeding mode, it is characterised in that: the top cover is preceding low
High structure afterwards.
7. a kind of Cuora flavomarginata as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6 intends ecologic breeding mode, it is characterised in that: step (2)
In, incubation temperature control: 1. simulate daytime: 28.5 DEG C of ovum upper temp, 26 DEG C of ovum temperature of lower, 12h；2. simulating night:
25 DEG C of ovum upper temp, 28 DEG C of ovum temperature of lower, 12h, both of which is alternately；Breeding feed relies primarily in cultivating system
Algae, planktonic organism and minitype aquatic animal.
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