CN104472194A - Soil-covering drought-resisting seedling-protecting cultivation method for planting corn in spring cucumber stubbles - Google Patents
Soil-covering drought-resisting seedling-protecting cultivation method for planting corn in spring cucumber stubbles Download PDFInfo
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- CN104472194A CN104472194A CN201410821794.8A CN201410821794A CN104472194A CN 104472194 A CN104472194 A CN 104472194A CN 201410821794 A CN201410821794 A CN 201410821794A CN 104472194 A CN104472194 A CN 104472194A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
Abstract
The invention discloses a soil-covering drought-resisting seedling-protecting cultivation method for planting corn in spring cucumber stubbles. The method comprises the following steps of (A) cleaning stubbles, namely, emptying out cucumber stubbles, reserving a furrow surface of which the width is 120cm and a furrow trench of which the width is 40cm, and performing shallow rotary tillage or artificial stubble cleaning for 6-7cm; (B) digging a trench, wherein the depth of a seed sowing trench which is transversely dug in the furrow surface is about 6cm, and the line spacing is 40cm; (C) sowing seeds, namely, performing uniform single grain sowing along with the seed sowing trench, and finally singling about 4,500-5,000 seedlings per mu after full stand; (D) performing water irrigation, namely irrigating the seed sowing trench with sufficient bottom water; (E) performing seed covering, namely covering the seeds with fine soil immediately when open water does not exist in the seed sowing trench, wherein the thickness of the fine soil on corn seeds is about 4cm; (F) performing soil covering, namely covering the fine soil until wetted soil cannot be seen on the seed sowing trench in the furrow surface, wherein the thickness of the fine soil on the corn seeds is about 5cm; (G) protecting the seedlings, namely before and after the full stand of the corn, preventing young seedlings from being damaged by insects, hares and wild pigeons; (H) performing moisturizing, namely covering the furrow surface with the fine soil for one time every 5 days in principle after the seeds are sown, covering the furrow surface with the fine soil in time when the soil is suitable for cultivation after the rain, reducing water evaporation, and covering the furrow surface with the fine soil for 4-5 times within 20 days after the seeds are sown, wherein the thickness of the fine soil covered at each time is about 0.8cm; (I) performing management, namely performing daily field management.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the methods of cultivation of corn earthing keeping crop seedling from drought, particularly relate to south China hilly and mountainous land, nonirrigated farmland, Plain, the methods of cultivation of spring cucumber stubble maize planting earthing keeping crop seedling from drought.
Background technology
Corn is important cereal crops, and the sowing area of China is only second to paddy rice, wheat comes in third.Corn, by sowing time, can be divided into spring corn, summer corn and autumn corn.China has a large population and ploughs less, and grain-production can study not complete problem.When exploring existing crop allocation, cropping system, raise the multiple-cropping index, expand maize sown area and output, finding suitable crop succession, bringing up stable cropping system is prerequisite, the farming technique of supporting high and stable yields is crucial, walks to meet the new approach of south China development Maize Production.
At present, spring cucumber stubble maize planting irrigates the keeping crop seedling from drought methods of cultivation, and concrete grammar comprises the following steps:
1, stubble-cleaning, about mid or late July after spring cucumber listing, cleans out field melon vine, weeds, mulch film etc., rises stubble and retains the wide furrow face of 120cm and the wide furrow ditch of 40cm afterwards;
2, irrigate, under fine day high temperature and drought, after the field flood irrigation of spring cucumber plate, discharge field internal water accumulation in time;
3, beat cave, furrow face is suitable beats cave, dark about the 7cm in cave, distance between rows and hills 40 × 30cm when ploughing, furrow ditch at interior 53.3 × 30cm, every mu of 4163 caves;
4, sow, select breeding time short can in frost before maturation early-maturing variety, every bunch planting 2, every mu of final singling 4163 strain after neat seedling;
5, lid kind, earthing lid kind, the thick 5-6cm of blinding;
6, seedling-protection, before and after the neat seedling of corn, tender seedling is easily subject to the injury of insect, hare, rock dove etc., will carry out preventing and controlling in time;
7, drought resisting, runs into damage caused by a drought, and irrigate through furrow night keeping crop seedling from drought;
8, manage, carry out intertill and clean tillage, topdress, the field management such as prevention and elimination of disease and pests.
Above-mentioned spring cucumber stubble maize planting, adopts the methods of cultivation of irrigating keeping crop seedling from drought, there is following defect:
1, spring cucumber stubble maize planting, it is successful for irrigating keeping crop seedling from drought paddy field, and corn per mu yield is at about 500 kilograms.But the economic benefit of paddy planting corn is high less than rice cultivation, the tradition of also producing paddy rice with southern paddy field does not conform to;
2, paddy field spring cucumber stubble maize planting, flood irrigation, furrow irrigation drough-relief method cannot be applied in nonirrigated farmland, can not change southern hills mountain region, spring cucumber stubble volt in nonirrigated farmland, Plain ploughs the present situation of lying fallow.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is spring cucumber stubble maize planting, overcome high temperature on the hot summer days, arid, the weather condition of the easy seed decay and seedling death of corn, strives Qi Miao and saves seedling from damage, provides a kind of corn earthing keeping crop seedling from drought, the methods of cultivation of high and stable yields.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: a kind of spring cucumber stubble maize planting earthing keeping crop seedling from drought methods of cultivation comprise the following steps:
A) stubble-cleaning, about mid or late July, stubble is risen in spring cucumber listing, retains the furrow face that 120cm is wide, the furrow ditch that 40cm is wide, and deeply, soil block fills and leads up furrow ditch through stubble-cleaning wholely, for later earthing keeping crop seedling from drought provides Tu Yuan for shallow rotary tillage or artificial stubble-cleaning 6-7cm;
B) ward off ditch, break furrow face soil block into pieces with hoe, laterally open up seed furrow or release seed furrow, line-spacing 40cm, ditch depth about 6cm with hoe;
C) sow, select breeding time short can in frost before maturation early-maturing variety, broadcast with the even grain of seed furrow; About Qi Miaohou every mu final singling 4500-5000 strain;
D) water, in seed furrow, water vola water, due to high temperature burning sun on the hot summer days, even if soil moisture content is not very arid, also will water end water, guarantee the moisture content needed for emergence of corn growth;
E) lid kind, in seed furrow without open fire in time with fine earth lid kind water conservation, on maize seed, fine earth thickness is about 4cm;
F) earthing, lid strikes soil block further after planting and covers fine earth, and make furrow face tend to smooth, can't see the soil that seed furrow has print wet, after earthing, on maize seed, fine earth thickness is about 5cm;
G) seedling-protection, before and after the neat seedling of corn, tender seedling is easily subject to out the injury of insect, hare, rock dove etc., will carry out preventing and controlling in time;
H) moisturizing, in after planting about 6 days corn neat seedling stages, furrow face covers fine earth keeping crop seedling from drought, and hoe pine breaks thin furrow ditch soil into pieces, prevents soil block from weighing seedling wounded.Cover a fine earth every 5 days furrow faces in principle, become a fine day furrow ditch soil furrow face when ploughing of fitting after rain and cover fine earth in time, reduce water evaporates.In after planting 20 days, furrow face covers fine earth 4-5 time, and each covering fine earth about 0.8cm, realizes earthing keeping crop seedling from drought;
I) manage, carry out topdress, weeding, the field management such as prevention and elimination of disease and pests.
Owing to have employed technique scheme, in hilly and mountainous land, nonirrigated farmland, Plain, after spring cucumber stubble corn seeding, dark furrow ditch, soil crushing, covers fine earth, cover a fine earth every 5 days furrow faces in principle, become a fine day soil furrow face when ploughing of fitting after rain and cover fine earth in time, reduce water evaporates.In after planting 20 days, furrow face covers fine earth 4-5 time, realizes earthing keeping crop seedling from drought.Facts have proved, select the early ripening maize that breeding time is short, mid or late July sows neat seedling than the corn high and stable yields sowing neat seedling about early June, because the corn sowed about early June, in nonirrigated farmland, hilly and mountainous land Plain, running into high temperature and drought weather cannot irrigate drought resisting, and often the underproduction is even had no harvest.And mid or late July insemination and emergence corn, adopt the earthing keeping crop seedling from drought methods of cultivation, degree of safety can cross the weather of high temperature and drought, obtain the Rate of climatic guarantee of good harvest more than 80%, corn per mu yield is at about 500 kilograms.Under present invention achieves the weather condition of high temperature and drought on the hot summer days, the cropping system of spring cucumber stubble maize planting high and stable yields, change nonirrigated farmland, southern hills upland plain, spring cucumber stubble volt ploughs the present situation of leisure, walk to meet the new approach of south China development Maize Production, economic benefit, social benefit and Ecological Effect Yidu are improved.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1:
Spring cucumber stubble beats the field of cave maize planting, the earthing keeping crop seedling from drought methods of cultivation:
A) stubble-cleaning, stubble is risen in spring cucumber listing, retains the furrow face that 120cm is wide, the furrow ditch that 40cm is wide, and deeply, soil block fills and leads up furrow ditch through stubble-cleaning wholely, for later earthing keeping crop seedling from drought provides Tu Yuan for shallow rotary tillage or artificial stubble-cleaning 6-7cm;
B) beat cave, break furrow face soil block into pieces with hoe and beat cave, dark about the 6cm in cave, distance between rows and hills 40 × 30cm, furrow ditch at interior 53.3 × 30cm, every mu of 4163 caves;
C) sow, the early ripening maize kind selecting breeding time short, every bunch planting kind 2, every mu of final singling 4163 strain after neat seedling;
D) water, Nei Jiao vola, cave water, guarantees the moisture content needed for emergence of corn growth;
E) lid kind, in cave without open fire in time by fine earth lid kind, thick about the 4cm of blinding;
F) earthing, lid strikes soil block further after planting and covers fine earth, can't see the soil that sowing cave has print wet, thick about the 5cm of fine earth on maize seed after earthing;
G) seedling-protection, before and after the neat seedling of corn, tender seedling is easily subject to out the injury of insect, hare, rock dove etc., will carry out preventing and controlling in time;
H) moisturizing, in after planting about 6 days corn neat seedling stages, furrow face covers fine earth keeping crop seedling from drought, and hoe pine breaks thin furrow ditch soil into pieces, prevents soil block from weighing seedling wounded.Cover a fine earth every 5 days furrow faces in principle, become a fine day furrow ditch soil furrow face when ploughing of fitting after rain and cover fine earth in time, reduce water evaporates.In after planting 20 days, furrow face covers fine earth 4-5 time, and each fine earth about 0.8cm that covers realizes earthing keeping crop seedling from drought;
I) manage, carry out topdress, weeding, the field management such as prevention and elimination of disease and pests.
Embodiment 2:
Wide furrow spring cucumber stubble maize planting, the earthing keeping crop seedling from drought methods of cultivation:
A) stubble-cleaning, about mid or late July, stubble is risen in spring cucumber listing, retains the furrow face that 280cm is wide, the furrow ditch that 40cm is wide, and deeply, soil block fills and leads up furrow ditch through stubble-cleaning wholely, for later earthing keeping crop seedling from drought provides Tu Yuan for shallow rotary tillage or artificial stubble-cleaning 6-7cm;
B) ward off ditch, the furrow face that 280cm is wide, the furrow ditch that centre stays 40cm wide, change the furrow face that every furrow 120cm is wide into.Break furrow face soil block into pieces with hoe, laterally ward off seed furrow or release seed furrow, line-spacing 40cm, ditch depth about 6cm with hoe;
C) sow, select breeding time short can in frost before maturation early-maturing variety, broadcast with the even grain of seed furrow, after neat seedling about every mu of final singling 4500-5000 strain;
D) water, in seed furrow, water vola water, due to high temperature burning sun on the hot summer days, even if soil moisture content is not very arid, also will water end water, guarantee the moisture content needed for emergence of corn growth;
E) lid kind, in seed furrow without open fire in time with fine earth lid kind water conservation, on maize seed, fine earth thickness is about 4cm;
F) earthing, lid strikes soil block further after planting and covers fine earth, and make furrow face tend to smooth, can't see the soil that seed furrow has print wet, after earthing, on maize seed, fine earth thickness is about 5cm;
G) seedling-protection, before and after the neat seedling of corn, tender seedling is easily subject to out the injury of insect, hare, rock dove etc., will carry out preventing and controlling in time;
H) moisturizing, in after planting about 6 days corn neat seedling stages, furrow face covers fine earth keeping crop seedling from drought, and hoe pine breaks thin furrow ditch soil into pieces, prevents soil block from weighing seedling wounded.Cover a fine earth every 5 days furrow faces in principle, when becoming a fine day after rain that furrow ditch soil is suitable to be ploughed, furrow face covers fine earth in time, reduces water evaporates.In after planting 20 days, furrow face covers fine earth 4-5 time, and each covering fine earth about 0.8cm, realizes earthing keeping crop seedling from drought;
I) manage, carry out topdress, weeding, the field management such as prevention and elimination of disease and pests.
Claims (1)
1. spring cucumber stubble maize planting earthing keeping crop seedling from drought methods of cultivation, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
A) stubble-cleaning, about mid or late July, stubble is risen in spring cucumber listing, retains the furrow face that 120cm is wide, the furrow ditch that 40cm is wide, and deeply, through stubble-cleaning whole ground, soil block fills and leads up furrow ditch, for earthing provides Tu Yuan for shallow rotary tillage or artificial stubble-cleaning 6-7cm;
B) ward off ditch, while break soil block limit into pieces to ward off ditch, furrow face is laterally warded off seed furrow or is released seed furrow, line-spacing 40cm, ditch depth about 6cm with hoe;
C) sow, broadcast with the even grain of seed furrow, after neat seedling about every mu of final singling 4500-5000 strain;
D) water, in seed furrow, water vola water;
E) lid kind, in seed furrow without open fire in time by fine earth lid kind, thick about the 4cm of fine earth on maize seed;
F) earthing, while break soil block limit into pieces to cover fine earth, accomplishes furrow face seed furrow to be can't see the wet soil of print, thick about the 5cm of fine earth on maize seed;
G) keep a full stand of seedings, before and after the neat seedling of corn, the tender seedlings of injury such as control insect, hare, rock dove;
H) moisturizing, after emergence of corn, covers a fine earth every 5 days furrow faces in principle, after rain, soil furrow face when ploughing of fitting covers fine earth in time, and reduce water evaporates, in after planting 20 days, furrow face covers fine earth 4-5 time, each covering fine earth about 0.8cm, realizes earthing keeping crop seedling from drought;
I) manage, carry out daily field management.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN104904454A (en) * | 2015-05-14 | 2015-09-16 | 广西大学 | Drought resisting and seedling protecting farming method for planting potatoes by luffa stubble |
| CN105230307A (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2016-01-13 | 上海百泉生物技术有限公司 | Sunflower soybean double-cropping and plantation co-farming method |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104904454A (en) * | 2015-05-14 | 2015-09-16 | 广西大学 | Drought resisting and seedling protecting farming method for planting potatoes by luffa stubble |
| CN105230307A (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2016-01-13 | 上海百泉生物技术有限公司 | Sunflower soybean double-cropping and plantation co-farming method |
| CN105230307B (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2017-09-12 | 上海百泉生物技术有限公司 | A kind of double season crop rotations of sunflower soya bean and breeding co-planting method |
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Application publication date: 20150401 |