CN104446984A - Special fertilizer for chenopodium quinoa and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Special fertilizer for chenopodium quinoa and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104446984A CN104446984A CN201410716728.4A CN201410716728A CN104446984A CN 104446984 A CN104446984 A CN 104446984A CN 201410716728 A CN201410716728 A CN 201410716728A CN 104446984 A CN104446984 A CN 104446984A
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- lamb
- special fertilizer
- quarters wheat
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a special fertilizer for chenopodium quinoa. The special fertilizer is prepared by mixing 10-30 parts of dried sheep manure, 10-20 parts of flaxseed flake, 10-30 parts of nitric phosphate fertilizer, 10-30 parts of ammonium sulfate, 10-30 parts of urea, 10-30 parts of diammonium phosphate, 10-30 parts of potassium sulfate, 1-10 parts of zinc sulfate, 1-10 parts of manganese sulfate and 1-5 parts of a granulation binder. The ratio of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium nutrients, namely N: P2O5: K2O, in the special fertilizer is 1: (0.4-0.7): (0.3-0.5); the weight ratio of different forms of nitrogen, namely nitrate nitrogen: ammonium nitrogen: amide nitrogen, is 4: 3: 3; the nitrogen phosphorus and potassium macroelements and microelements are matched reasonably, and the ratio of the nitrate nitrogen: ammonium nitrogen: amide nitrogen is reasonably set, and therefore, the nutritional requirements of chenopodium quinoa in the growth period are fully satisfied, the yield of chenopodium quinoa is increased, the quality of chenopodium quinoa is improved, and the content of proteins and amino acids in the chenopodium quinoa is remarkably increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of dedicated fertilizer, particularly relate to a kind of dedicated fertilizer being applicable to lamb's-quarters wheat seeds and planting.
Background technology
Lamb's-quarters wheat,
chenopodium quinoa willd, originate in mountain area, South America Andean, be the main conventional food that print adds native, have the plantation history of more than 5000 ~ 7000 year.Owing to having unique abundant, comprehensive nutritive value, brought up print and added nationality, ancient times, Inca was referred to as " mother of grain ".Food and Argriculture OrganizationFAO thinks that lamb's-quarters wheat is the food that unique a kind of solitary plant can meet human body basic nutrition demand, and formal recommendation lamb's-quarters wheat is the perfect wholefood of the optimum mankind.United Nations was declared as international lamb's-quarters wheat year by 2013, to promote human nutrition health and food safety, realized MDGs.
Lamb's-quarters wheat high-output stress-resistance, at drought desert, cold dry, saline and alkaline, high altitude localities can normal growth, and adaptive faculty is strong especially.In recent years, along with lamb's-quarters wheat introduces China by South America, lamb's-quarters wheat cultivated area increases year by year, but extremely lacks about the plantation of lamb's-quarters wheat and cultivation technique, in fertilising, rarely have report especially.
Lamb's-quarters wheat belongs to chenopod, indeterminate inflorescence, and breeding time is longer.Lamb's-quarters wheat has the regulation of fertilizer requirement of its uniqueness, to macroelement and trace element have be different from other crops absorb rule.At present for the nutritional needs rule of lamb's-quarters wheat and fertilizer practice research less, apply fertilizer very blindly in production, rate of fertilizer application or excessive, or not enough, cause nutrient imbalance, specific aim is not strong.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve lamb's-quarters wheat seeds plant the fertilising of middle existence blindly, nutrient is unbalanced, quality is not high problem, provide a kind of organic-inorganic to combine, a large amount of in the lamb's-quarters wheat special fertilizer that combines of amount and trace element, and the preparation method of this special fertilizer.
Lamb's-quarters wheat special fertilizer of the present invention is that raw material mixture is made by the component of following portions by weight: 10 ~ 30 parts, dry sheep excrement, flax Hectometer 10 ~ 20 parts, nitrophosphate fertilizer 10 ~ 30 parts, sulphur ammonium 10 ~ 30 parts, 10 ~ 30 parts, urea, diammonium phosphate 10 ~ 30 parts, potassium sulfate 10 ~ 30 parts, 1 ~ 10 part, zinc sulfate, manganous sulfate 1 ~ 10 part, adhesive for granulating 1 ~ 5 part.
In various raw material of the present invention, described dry sheep excrement is the product after fresh sheep excrement is dried, its water content≤30%, organic content 30 ~ 35%.
Described flax Hectometer is the byproduct of squeezing oleum lini, organic content >=50%.
In azophoska of the present invention, nitrophosphate fertilizer is containing N 26%, P
2o
511%; Sulphur ammonium is containing N 21%; Urea is containing N 46%; Diammonium phosphate is containing P
2o
546%, N 18%; Potassium sulfate is containing K
2o 50%, in the lamb's-quarters wheat special fertilizer of preparation, npk nutrient ratio is N:P
2o
5: K
2o=1:0.4 ~ 0.7:0.3 ~ 0.5, wherein the weight percent of Different form nitrogen is nitric nitrogen: ammonium nitrogen: amidonitrogen=4:3:3.
In lamb's-quarters wheat special fertilizer prepared by the present invention, containing organic 8 ~ 15%, N 12 ~ 18%, P
2o
57 ~ 15%, K
2o 4 ~ 6%, also has the trace element such as zinc, manganese in addition.
Adhesive for granulating described in the present invention is the one in wilkinite, convex Attapulgite, diatomite, kaolin, modified starch, or several arbitrary proportion mixtures.
The preparation method of lamb's-quarters wheat special fertilizer of the present invention comprises:
1), described dry sheep excrement, flax Hectometer, nitrophosphate fertilizer, sulphur ammonium, urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, zinc sulfate, manganous sulfate are ground into 50 ~ 80 object fine powders respectively;
2), pulverize after dry sheep excrement, flax Hectometer, nitrophosphate fertilizer, sulphur ammonium, urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, zinc sulfate, manganous sulfate mix by described parts by weight with adhesive for granulating, granulation at 60 ~ 70 DEG C, makes lamb's-quarters wheat special fertilizer after oven dry.
The lamb's-quarters wheat special fertilizer of granulation is sent in baker to dry by preparation method of the present invention, and wherein, the temperature in controlling baker is 110 ~ 130 DEG C, and temperature out is 55 ~ 60 DEG C.
Preferably, the particle diameter of lamb's-quarters wheat special fertilizer that prepared by the present invention is 2 ~ 3mm.
The lamb's-quarters wheat special fertilizer that the present invention prepares can as base manure, applied once in soil, every mu of amount of application 40 ~ 60kg.Particularly, be that in conjunction with whole, lamb's-quarters wheat special fertilizer 40 ~ 60kg executed by every mu of base, and Rotary tillage rake a kind of farm tools, makes it fully mix with soil before the sowing of lamb's-quarters wheat, grow and no longer topdress mid-term.
The present invention solves the demand that lamb's-quarters wheat seeds plant middle urgent need dedicated fertilizer, lamb's-quarters Wheat Seeds is introduced from Bolivia, a large amount of desk research and field test are carried out, thus establish the demand rule of lamb's-quarters wheat to Different Nutrient Elements, understand the impact of Different form nitrogen on lamb's-quarters wheat yield and quality, develop lamb's-quarters wheat special fertilizer of the present invention on this basis.
The present invention is according to lamb's-quarters wheat nutrient requirement characteristics and need fertile feature, reasonably combined N P and K macroelement and trace element, and organic-inorganic combines, comprehensive nutrition is balanced, and formula rationally, fully meets the growth needs in lamb's-quarters wheat breeding time, improve lamb's-quarters wheat output, improve lamb's-quarters wheat quality.
The present invention is also for the different demands of lamb's-quarters wheat to nitrogen form, and the ratio of reasonably combined nitrate fertilizer, ammonium fertilizer and amide nitrogen fertilizer, significantly improves the Amino acid and protein content in lamb's-quarters wheat.
The present invention adds flax Hectometer in special fertilizer, and can promote that lamb's-quarters Wheat Seeds is sprouted and plant growth, improve plant resistance, oil recovery enhancement also improves output.
Lamb's-quarters wheat special fertilizer formula of the present invention is reasonable in design, and product processes is simple, uses conveniently, for China's lamb's-quarters wheat seeds plant the fertilizing method of the science of providing, significant for the lamb's-quarters wheat high-yield and high-efficiency plantation of promotion China, wide market.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The source of the various raw materials used in the present embodiment and specification.
Dry sheep excrement is that the fresh sheep excrement of concentrated stable breeding obtains through air-dry and oven dry, and moisture content 25%, containing organic 35%, containing N 3.1%, P
2o
50.36%, K
2o 1.15%, is provided by local sheep raising Specialty Co-operative Organization.
Flax Hectometer obtains after the byproduct drying after flax oil expression enterprise extracts oleum lini, and moisture content 30%, containing organic 55%, containing N 3.5%, P
2o
50.56%, K
2o 1.45%, by flax oil expression, enterprise provides.
Nitrophosphate fertilizer is containing N 26%, P
2o
511%, provided by Tianji Coal Chemical Industry Group Co., Ltd..
Urea is containing N 46%, and by Shanxi, orchid group provides.
Sulphur ammonium is containing N 21%, and diammonium phosphate is containing N 18%, P
2o
546%, potassium sulfate is containing K
2o 50%, is commercially available,
Zinc fertilizer in the present embodiment and manganese fertilizer select commercially available zinc sulfate and manganous sulfate.
Adhesive for granulating in the present embodiment is commercially available convex Attapulgite.
Get fresh sheep excrement, by air-dry and oven dry, make its moisture content control below 30%, cross 50 ~ 60 mesh sieves for subsequent use.
Flax Hectometer is dried, makes its moisture content control below 30%, cross 50 ~ 60 mesh sieves for subsequent use.
Nitrophosphate fertilizer, sulphur ammonium, urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, zinc sulfate, manganous sulfate are pulverized with pulverizer respectively, crosses 60 ~ 80 mesh sieves for subsequent use.
Take the dry sheep excrement 150kg after pulverizing, flax Hectometer 100kg, nitrophosphate fertilizer 160kg, sulphur ammonium 120kg, urea 120kg, diammonium phosphate 170kg, potassium sulfate 100kg, zinc sulfate 30kg, manganous sulfate 30kg, convex Attapulgite 20kg; add in agitator and stir; send in rotary drum granulator; pass into appropriate steam; control moisture content of material; make mixture granulating, controlling prilling temperature in granulation process is 60 ~ 70 DEG C.
Work in-process after granulation are sent in baker through travelling belt and are dried, temperature in controls at 110 ~ 130 DEG C, afterbody temperature out controls at 55 ~ 60 DEG C, then cooling in water cooler is entered, again through screening after choose particle diameter be the particle of 2 ~ 3mm as finished product, after metering packing, make lamb's-quarters wheat special fertilizer.
In the above-mentioned lamb's-quarters wheat special fertilizer prepared, containing organic 10%, N 15%, P
2o
510%, K
2o 5%, nitric nitrogen: ammonium nitrogen: amidonitrogen=4:3:3, in addition also containing the trace element such as zinc, manganese.
The lamb's-quarters wheat special fertilizer using the present embodiment to prepare, has carried out the field test of compliance test result in 2012 ~ 2013 in test base, Dongyang, academy of agricultural sciences, Dongyang town Shanxi Province, Yuci Distrct of Jinzhong City.
Soil labile organic matter: soil type is cinnamon soil, topsoil organic matter 1.13%, available phosphorus 14.0mg/kg, available potassium 150.0mg/kg, full nitrogen 0.09%.The soil texture is sticky earth.Local height above sea level 850 meters, average annual rainfall amount 550mm, 150 days frostless seasons.
Test process is as follows: process 1: the lamb's-quarters wheat special fertilizer (15-10-5, organic matter 10%, containing zinc and manganese) of application the present embodiment, amount of application 60kg/ mu.Process 2: use commercially available composite fertilizer (18-12-5), early morning rain group company provides by Shanxi, amount of application 60kg/ mu.
Plot area: 66.7 square metres/district, repeats 3 times.
Lamb's-quarters wheat variety: red lamb's-quarters wheat, introduced by academy of agricultural sciences of Shanxi Province agricultural environment and the Study on Resources.
Field management is as follows: early April carries out broadcasting front prepartion of land, then irrigates, and makes soil moisture content reach 80% of field capacity.Soil moisture content starts time comparatively suitable to turn over, harrow a kind of farm tools, then applies lamb's-quarters wheat special fertilizer and Common compound fertilizer 60kg respectively, carries out rotary tillage with rotary cultivator, make fertilizer and mixing with soil even.If subterranean pest-insect is serious, spreads fertilizer over the fields and kill subterranean pest-insect agricultural chemicals.
Started sowing on April 26, seeding method, for soing with a drill, is sowed with single leg (people+poultry) type sowing drill program request, every mu of sowing quantity 0.5kg, depth of planting 1 ~ 2cm, line-spacing 40 ~ 45cm.Lamb's-quarters wheat seeding starts thinning when growing to 10cm, and spacing in the rows remains on 20 ~ 25cm.October 25 gathered in the crops.
Lamb's-quarters wheat special fertilizer result of use is compared as follows table.
Embodiment 2
The source of the various raw materials used in the present embodiment and specification.
Dry sheep excrement is that the fresh sheep excrement of concentrated stable breeding obtains through air-dry and oven dry, and moisture content 25%, containing organic 33.5%, containing N 3.0%, P
2o
50.35%, K
2o 1.25%, is provided by local sheep raising Specialty Co-operative Organization.
Flax Hectometer obtains after the byproduct drying after flax oil expression enterprise extracts oleum lini, and moisture content 30%, containing organic 53.5%, containing N 3.75%, P
2o
50.51%, K
2o 1.37%, is provided by local flax oil expression enterprise.
Nitrophosphate fertilizer, sulphur ammonium, urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, zinc sulfate, manganous sulfate are with embodiment 1.
Adhesive for granulating in the present embodiment is commercially available wilkinite.
The preparation method of lamb's-quarters wheat special fertilizer is with embodiment 1, and raw material composition and consumption are: dry sheep excrement 150kg, flax Hectometer 150Kg, nitrophosphate fertilizer 130kg, sulphur ammonium 100kg, urea 100kg, diammonium phosphate 200kg, potassium sulfate 100kg, zinc sulfate 25kg, manganous sulfate 25kg, wilkinite 20kg.
In the above-mentioned lamb's-quarters wheat special fertilizer prepared, containing organic 11.5%, N 14%, P
2o
511%, K
2o 5%, nitric nitrogen: ammonium nitrogen: amidonitrogen=4:3:3, in addition also containing the trace element such as zinc, manganese.
The lamb's-quarters wheat special fertilizer using the present embodiment to prepare, has carried out the field test of compliance test result in 2012 ~ 2013 in Lan Yu fort village of Shi Lipu township, Tianzhen County, Datong City, Shanxi Province three.
Soil labile organic matter: soil is the soda salinization soil after improvement, pH8.95.Soil organism 8.17g/kg, available phosphorus 16.6mg/kg, available potassium 141.5mg/kg.
Test process is as follows: process 1: the lamb's-quarters wheat special fertilizer (14-11-5, organic matter 11.5%, containing zinc and manganese) of application the present embodiment, amount of application 50kg/ mu.Process 2: use commercially available composite fertilizer (18-12-5), early morning rain group company provides by Shanxi, amount of application 50kg/ mu.
Plot area: 66.7 square metres/district, repeats 3 times.
Lamb's-quarters wheat variety: yellow lamb's-quarters wheat, introduced by academy of agricultural sciences of Shanxi Province agricultural environment and the Study on Resources.
Field management is as follows: early April carries out broadcasting front prepartion of land and irrigation, makes soil moisture content reach 80% of field capacity.Start to turn over, harrow a kind of farm tools in good time, then apply lamb's-quarters wheat special fertilizer and Common compound fertilizer 50kg respectively, carry out rotary tillage with rotary cultivator, make fertilizer and mixing with soil even.
Started sowing on May 2, seeding method, for soing with a drill, is sowed with single leg (people+poultry) type sowing drill program request, every mu of sowing quantity 0.6kg, depth of planting 1 ~ 2cm, line-spacing 40 ~ 45cm.Lamb's-quarters wheat seeding starts thinning when growing to 10cm, and spacing in the rows remains on 20 ~ 25cm.October 18 gathered in the crops.
Lamb's-quarters wheat special fertilizer result of use is compared as follows table.
Claims (5)
1. a lamb's-quarters wheat special fertilizer, it is that raw material mixture is made by the component of following portions by weight: 10 ~ 30 parts, dry sheep excrement, flax Hectometer 10 ~ 20 parts, nitrophosphate fertilizer 10 ~ 30 parts, sulphur ammonium 10 ~ 30 parts, 10 ~ 30 parts, urea, diammonium phosphate 10 ~ 30 parts, potassium sulfate 10 ~ 30 parts, 1 ~ 10 part, zinc sulfate, manganous sulfate 1 ~ 10 part, adhesive for granulating 1 ~ 5 part.
2. lamb's-quarters wheat special fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that described adhesive for granulating is the one in wilkinite, convex Attapulgite, diatomite, kaolin, modified starch, or several arbitrary proportion mixtures.
3. the preparation method of lamb's-quarters wheat special fertilizer described in claim 1, comprising:
1), described dry sheep excrement, flax Hectometer, nitrophosphate fertilizer, sulphur ammonium, urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, zinc sulfate, manganous sulfate are ground into 50 ~ 80 object fine powders respectively;
2), pulverize after dry sheep excrement, flax Hectometer, nitrophosphate fertilizer, sulphur ammonium, urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, zinc sulfate, manganous sulfate mix by described parts by weight with adhesive for granulating, granulation at 60 ~ 70 DEG C, makes lamb's-quarters wheat special fertilizer after oven dry.
4. the preparation method of lamb's-quarters wheat special fertilizer according to claim 3, is characterized in that the particle diameter of described lamb's-quarters wheat special fertilizer is 2 ~ 3mm.
5. the preparation method of lamb's-quarters wheat special fertilizer according to claim 3, is characterized in that the lamb's-quarters wheat special fertilizer of granulation to send in baker to dry, baker temperature in 110 ~ 130 DEG C, temperature out 55 ~ 60 DEG C.
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Cited By (6)
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| CN104855118A (en) * | 2015-06-07 | 2015-08-26 | 云南农业大学 | Quinoa fine sowing method |
| CN105237183A (en) * | 2015-09-24 | 2016-01-13 | 山东省农作物种质资源中心 | Chenopodium quinoa willd high-yield cultivation method |
| CN105272570A (en) * | 2015-10-16 | 2016-01-27 | 山东省农作物种质资源中心 | Traditional Chinese medicine compound leaf fertilizer for Chenopodium quinoa willd and preparation method of traditional Chinese medicine compound leaf fertilizer |
| CN106465615A (en) * | 2015-08-14 | 2017-03-01 | 无锡市郡坤科技发展有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of gold Quinoa |
| CN108424269A (en) * | 2018-05-23 | 2018-08-21 | 山西省农业科学院农作物品种资源研究所 | A kind of quinoa special fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN109247208A (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2019-01-22 | 山东省农业科学院作物研究所 | A kind of blended sliver band implantation methods of quinoa-sorghum |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109247208A (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2019-01-22 | 山东省农业科学院作物研究所 | A kind of blended sliver band implantation methods of quinoa-sorghum |
| CN109247208B (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2021-07-20 | 山东省农业科学院作物研究所 | Quinoa-sorghum mixed strip planting method |
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