CN1044349C - 防复制膜 - Google Patents

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CN1044349C
CN1044349C CN93119717A CN93119717A CN1044349C CN 1044349 C CN1044349 C CN 1044349C CN 93119717 A CN93119717 A CN 93119717A CN 93119717 A CN93119717 A CN 93119717A CN 1044349 C CN1044349 C CN 1044349C
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H·施坦宁格
P·海尔曼
P·休金
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EMTURK MAGNETICS GmbH
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Abstract

一种防复制膜或层包括一层有许多完全或部分不透明区的透明材料，这些区相隔配置而其平面围绕对该膜或层表面相同预定位置排列，因此从预定视角观测该防复制膜表面时，该膜基本为透明的。所述区至少包含部分经辐照会转换成不透明或反射的光敏材料，还可在透明塑料中设置其内放置该光敏材料的凹部或槽。

Description

防复制膜
本发明涉及一种防复制膜或层，该膜或层由大量部分或完全不透明区的透明材料膜或层构成，所述不透明区安排成彼此相隔一定距离，而且它们的平面以相对该膜或层的表面大致相同的一预定位置排列，致使当以一预定视角看该防复制膜之表面时，该膜基本为透明的。
US-A3887742描述了如上所述的这种防复制膜。这种用于使防复制文件成为可能的膜使得在复制器以垂直视角方向复制时，能有效地隐蔽图象信息和/或一般文献或文本的字母，同时使以与文件平面不同予定视角看文件时便可看到其上图象信息和/或字母。
实际上，这种防复制膜是一种包含非透明粒子，或具有以任何形式开有槽口或具有锯齿形截面的平面的透明塑料膜，其中相对文件或膜平面的第一倾斜或垂直面不是黑的，就是从相对于膜或文件平面的垂直视角反射光，而以不同视角看时，其他斜面是透明的，故信息或字符均是清楚可见的。这种开槽或锯齿形表面是难以制作的，因为首先必需模压或敲平这些平面，然后必需给斜面配置黑色或反射材料，这就必须对这些操作的精度提出甚高要求，以致透明表面不能再经受损害，即，又要部分配置黑色和反射材料。在另一实施例中，复盖至少一部分背最的黑墨水设置在具有锯齿形截面的膜表面上两个接续锯齿之间的凹部。这里，不再描述该具体生产过程。
AU-A-610614文献揭示了一种用于书写或印刷事业的防复制媒质，该媒质包含光敏墨水系统，该系统被暴露在光复制器下时，使文本字迹模糊，或作出与原件明显不同的复制件，因此，不是使原件交得无价值，就是可清楚地看出原件被复印过。
FR-A-2323813文献公开了一种防复制膜，这种膜具有加了棱柱形肋的表面，作为保护性覆盖层，以防止文件和文本的复制。棱柱形肋的横截面可以是等边或不等边。为了同样的目的，其中还描述了一种类似板条片膜片的膜，透明膜用粘结剂粘结成许多层，使之不透明，并以大约60度角切成若干部分，以给出具有连续不透明层的斜横截面的层的膜。这些膜造价颇昂贵。
本发明的用途是替代上述防复制膜，也可以采用具有同样优点的防复制层。为了描述更清楚起见，略去了有关这种防复制层的描写。
本发明的一个目的是提供一种防复制膜，该膜制作较简单和更经济，同时防止了复制或至少使复制过程复杂化。
我们已找到了达到这一目的的一种用防复制膜，该膜包括具有许多不透明或反射层的透明材料膜，这些不透明或反射层大约相隔等距离排列，并将其平面彼此大致平行地配置在相对于该膜的表面在膜光表面至少其中之一的大致相同的一预定位置的周围，因此，从一预定视角观看防复制膜表面时，该防复制膜基本上是透明的，其中不透明或反射层至少部分经过曝光及(需要时)显影的光敏材料所组成的，各防复制膜的不透明或反射层与膜表面成直角或倾斜配置。
这就显著简化了这种膜的制作，而且还有可依据具体所需用途变更生产方法的优点。
需要时予以显影的光敏材料与各种情况下所采用的材料类型有关，光敏材料需要进行曝光和显影，而例如光致固化(photocurable)或辐射固化的塑料不需要显影处理，这又与必须曝光和显影的光阻材料不同，后者是通过冲洗而实现的。
在这种新颖的防复制膜中，不透明或反射层应至少部分是由能进行光化学转换的材料所组成的，即这种材料经光或辐射源曝光或辐照后作为非透明或反射材料存在。
在一个实际的实施例中，不透明或反射层可以形成为连续地贯穿膜厚度的倾斜层。
在膜的至少一个表面上设置许多大致平行、大致等间距的凹痕或沟槽可能是很有利，其中有至少一种经过曝光及需要时显影的光敏材料。
如果凹痕或沟槽相对于膜或层表面垂直或倾斜地设置是很有利的。凹痕和沟槽也可以具有基本上三角形的横截面，不规则四边形也理解为三角形的一部分。如果透明材料，即膜本身已经含有光敏物质也是很有利的。
如果不透明或反射层形成为在膜或层的上表面上的第一不透明或反射层以及作为膜的下表面上相对于第一不透明或反射层水平错开排列的第二不透明或反射层，就能获得防复制膜的最佳实施例。
这就令人惊奇地不用上述昂贵的生产方法而可以提供作为板条膜片的膜或层，借助膜或层上表面的每个凹痕或沟槽与下表面的另一凹痕或沟槽相配合，作为膜片条，不需要贯穿膜或层厚度的连接。
最好这种凹痕或沟槽可以含有经过光化学转换的不透明或反射材料。
还有一种可以根据板条膜片模型的这个原理的实施例包括一种防复制膜，这种防复制膜由透明材料的膜所组成，它有许多不透明或反射层，它们大致等间距的隔开，其平面大致彼此平行地排列，且处在相对膜表面在至少其中一个表面的大致相同预定位置，使得从预定视角看防复制膜的表面，膜是基本上透明的，如果膜是由共同挤压的，透明的及非透明的或反射的塑性材料所组成，它们形成非透明或反射层，形成为膜表面上的第一层以及作为膜下表面上相对于第一层水平错开排列的第二层。
这就在一个生产操作中给出了防复制膜或防复制层。
另一个也是最佳实施例涉及这样一种防复制膜，它由具有许多非透明或反射层的透明材料膜或层所组成，这些非透明或反射层大致等间距隔开地排列，其平面大致彼此平行地布置，且处在相对于膜表面的在膜表面至少其中之一的大致相同预定位置上，以致从预定视角看防复制膜的表面，防复制膜是基本透明的，如果非透明或反射层是由非透明或反射带材所组成的，带材插入共同挤压的透明材料的凹痕或沟槽中，非透明或反射层形成为膜上表面上的第一层以及作为膜下表面上相对于第一层水平错开布置的第二层。
根据本发明，非透明或反射层类似插入层，它们具有沿透明材料厚度方向的不可忽略的延伸部分，结果在倾斜入射光的情况下减小了透光度的范围。当这些非透明或反射层配置在透明材料的两面上，即上表面和下表面时，这种效果特别强。
现参照以下示意性附图描述本发明的诸实施例：
图1A表示具有不透光斜层的防复制膜，
图1B表示一种表面具有锯齿形横截面的防复制膜，
图2A表示一种具有矩形槽和其内有未经曝光的光敏材料的防复制膜，
图2B表示一种具有按图2A但呈斜方形沟槽的防复制膜，
图3A表示带有已曝光，不透光的光敏材料的图2A矩形槽，
图4A表示根据图3A的一种双侧槽实施例，
图4B表示一种按图3B的双侧槽实施例。
为达本发明目的起见，通过光化学可转换材料是任一种由于辐照(光子，粒子)结果改变其物理性能的光敏材料，在本发明中该物理性能的改变是从透明到不透光状态。
图1A表示的一种防复制膜F或防复制层包括透明塑性材料，该材料中设置有若干平行等距的斜层ss，该层ss是连续地贯穿防复制膜F的整个厚度d的。
所述塑性材料最好包含对特定波长的入射光起反应而使已感光的区域不透光的光敏物质。
光的作用可借助掩模来定域，以使斜层或阵列或矩阵的予定区域可确保有限的入射光。这类阵列可为光电二极管或可能产生大量光源的衍射光栅装置。然而，也可利用局部受控的激光束或多个激光束。为了能形成斜层ss，辐照应以大约30°至73°左右特别是从约45°至大约60°的予定角度r斜向入射。在角度r下，或沿由箭头Ⅵ所指的观测方向上，文件D的信息I是通过透明层TS可见的。然而，沿箭头ⅤⅤ方向，信息I被隐藏而不可见。
因此，必须选择层ss的阻光度以使任何情况下，可通过商用复制器记录的信息至少是不清楚而人不能由此复制件辨认其内容。
图1B示出具有拥有锯齿形横截面的表面os的防复制膜F1或防复制层。该锯齿形的一个侧壁，例如配置成角度r，而另一侧大致为垂直的。呈三角形的凹陷处E本身装有含光敏材料的塑料PH，如上所述，由于分域入射光的结果，例如，各第二号凹陷E2为不透光(PHE)而每个第一号凹陷E1大致保持透明。斜面Q可用光学法如此形成，使得在以直角辐照的情况下发生全反射，或者它们可由反射层QS构成。这同样导致对应于方向Ⅵ的倾斜观测方向和大致垂直的隐蔽方向ⅤⅤ(图1)。
膜或层材料F1应为透明塑料，该材料或制成自支持膜或制成这种类型的层(F1)或被配置一基片膜或基片层G。
表面OS的凹陷可被模压或可在生产过程中例如通过挤压或通过(例如)切割之类的机械方法加工而成。
图2A示出另一防复制膜或防复制层F2的实施例，该膜具有大致为矩形横截面的长度方向的槽NU而槽内填充有如图1B所说明的光敏材料PH。该塑料基材再次为透明的，而槽NU是用已述的方法产生。材料PH经均匀曝光(箭头LU)变成如图3A中的阴影部分所表示的不透光暗部(PHE)。在槽NU的这种配置情况下，只有部分信息PI可在复制器中通过以直角ⅤⅤ曝光而被复制，而另外的信息PP只有在某一角度下(本例约63°)可见。
因此，这里可获得的只是部分隐蔽。
图2B示出了在这方面更为有利的防复制膜或防复制层F3的另一种实施例。
此处的斜方形槽RU或是先制成槽NU(图2A)然后再经受沿方向SR的剪应力而成，或是通过挤压，切割等方法形成这一形状。填入的光敏材料PH是同一种并用(例如)刮涂法导入。在经由辐照源LU均匀曝光后，便能得到如图3B所示的具有以角度范围为r(见上述)的不透光斜层ss的最终防复制膜F3或防复制层。在图2和3的实例中沟槽NU和RU分别向上通过约为F2和F3的宽度d之半。这些沟槽也可更深。仅仅当采用基片膜或基片层G(此处未示)，而层F2或F3被固定或涂覆到该层G时，才可将沟槽NU和RU的深度T加工成大致相当于总厚度d。
图4A表示与F2相比，在两侧都配置有矩形槽NU的膜或层F4。在其上表面的槽NU1和下表面的槽NU2被配置成彼此错开排列。如上所述，该不透光槽的内容物(PHE)是利用光化学材料PH及对其均匀曝光而产生。
信息I在ⅤⅤ方向上再次被完全隐蔽。
在Ⅵ和Ⅶ方向上，各有部分信息是可见的，信息的这种完全可见性随着槽NU1和NU2的深度T的减小而提高，而与各槽NU1和NU2的宽度bb无关。
图4B表示对应于图4A的膜或层实施例F5，与F3相比，该膜或层F5的两侧和斜层ss1和ss2组成F5，而层ss1可如上所述产生。斜层ss1和ss2沿水平方向彼此错开排列。
信息I在垂直观测方向ⅤⅤ上被隐蔽而沿斜向Ⅵ则至少部分可见。
图1B、2A和B、3A和B以及4A和B中的沟槽或凹陷的实施例也可用不透光或反射的带状插入物K来替代光敏槽或凹陷的内容物。
所述插入物可在，例如，凹陷或沟槽材料被挤压成型后直接插入凹陷或槽内。
甚至可通过共挤压透明塑料和不透光塑料OK(图1)而更简单直接地形成不透光或反射的带状凹陷或槽的内容物。
一种防复制膜或层包括透明材料的膜或层，该透明材料具有很多完全或部分非透明区，这些区域相距一定距离排列而其平面相对于该膜或层的大致相同的予定位置排列，因此，从予定视角观测防复制膜的表面时，该表面基本是透明的。
所述区域包含至少部分光敏材料由于辐照作用而转换成非透明或反射材料，在该透明塑料中设置其内装有光敏材料的凹陷或槽，也是可能的。

Claims (10)

1．一种防复制膜(F、F1-F5)，包括具有许多不透明或反射层的透明材料膜，这些层大致等间距隔开地排列，它们的平面彼此大致平行地排列，且处在相对于该膜表面在该表面至少其中之一的大致相同的预定位置，以致从一预定视角(Ⅵ、Ⅶ )观测防复制膜(F、F1-F5)的表面时，该膜基本上是透明的，其中所述不透明或反射层(SS、E2、SS1、SS2)至少部分由经过曝光及(需要时)显影的光敏材料(PH)所组成，各防复制膜的不透明或反射层对于膜(F、F1-F5)表面成直角(图2A、3A、4A)或倾斜地(图1A、2B、3B、4B)地配置。
2．如权利要求1所述的防复制膜，其特征在于：所述不透明或反射层形成为连续通过该膜(F)的厚度(d)的斜层(SS、SS1、SS2)。
3．如权利要求1所述的防复制膜，其特征在于：所述不透明或反射层在膜(F4或F5)的上表面形成为第一不透明或反射层(NU1、SS1)和在膜(F4或F5)的下表面相对于第一不透明或反射层在水平方向上错开地设置的第二不透明层(NU2、SS2)。
4．如权利要求1所述的防复制膜，其特征在于：在所述膜(F1-F5)的至少一个表面上配置了许多大致平行的、大致等间距的凹痕或沟槽(E、NU、RU、NU1、NU2)，其中有至少一种经过曝光的及需要时显影的光敏物质(PH)。
5．如权利要求4所述的防复制膜，其特征在于：所述凹痕或沟槽(E、NU、RU、NU1、NU2)被设置成与所述膜表面成直角。
6．如权利要求4所述的防复制膜，其特征在于所述凹痕或沟槽(E、RU、SS1、SS2)是向所述膜表面倾斜而设置的。
7．如权利要求4所述的防复制膜，其特征在于：所述凹痕或沟槽基本上是三角形(E、E1、E2)。
8．如权利要求1至7其中之一所述的防复制膜，其特征在于。所述透明材料含有至少一种光敏物质(PH)。
9．一种防复制膜(F、F1-F5)，包括具有许多不透明或反射层的透明材料膜，这些层大致等间距隔开地排列，它们的平面彼此大致平行地排列，且处在相对于该膜表面的在该表面的至少其中之一的大致相同的预定位置，以致从预定视角观测防复制膜(F、F1-F5)的表面时，该膜是基本上透明的，其中该膜或层是由共同挤压成的、透明和不透明或反射的塑性材料所组成的，它们构成不透明或反射层，构成所述膜(F4或F5)表面上的第一层(NU1、SS1)以及构成该膜(F4或F5)下表面上相对于第一层水平错开布置的第二层(NU2、SS2)。
10．一种防复制膜或防复制层(F、F1-F5)，包括具有许多不透明或反射层的透明材料膜，这些层大致等间距隔开地排列，而它们的平面彼此大致平行地排列，且处在相对于该膜表面的在该表面的至少其中之一的大致相同的预定位置，以致从预定视角观测防复制膜(F、F1-F5)的表面时，该膜是基本上透明的，其中不透明或反射层(SS、E2、SS1、SS2)包括不透明或反射带材，该带材插入经共同挤压的透明材料的凹痕或沟槽(E、NU、RU、NU1、NU2)内，该不透明或反射层构成该膜(F4或F5)的上表面上的第一层(NU1、SS1)以及该膜(F4或F5)的下表面上相对所述第一层水平错开配置的第二层(NU2、SS2)。
CN93119717A 1992-10-29 1993-10-29 防复制膜 Expired - Fee Related CN1044349C (zh)

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