DK0670786T3 - Antikopieringsfilm eller -lag - Google Patents

Antikopieringsfilm eller -lag

Info

Publication number
DK0670786T3
DK0670786T3 DK93923480.3T DK93923480T DK0670786T3 DK 0670786 T3 DK0670786 T3 DK 0670786T3 DK 93923480 T DK93923480 T DK 93923480T DK 0670786 T3 DK0670786 T3 DK 0670786T3
Authority
DK
Denmark
Prior art keywords
film
pct
layer
transparent
anticopying
Prior art date
Application number
DK93923480.3T
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Peter Heilmann
Helmut Steininger
Peter Hewkin
Original Assignee
Basf Magnetics Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Basf Magnetics Gmbh filed Critical Basf Magnetics Gmbh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DK0670786T3 publication Critical patent/DK0670786T3/da

Links

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41MPRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M3/00Printing processes to produce particular kinds of printed work, e.g. patterns
    • B41M3/14Security printing
    • B41M3/148Transitory images, i.e. images only visible from certain viewing angles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42DBOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/20Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof characterised by a particular use or purpose
    • B42D25/29Securities; Bank notes
    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03CPHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C5/00Photographic processes or agents therefor; Regeneration of such processing agents
    • G03C5/08Photoprinting; Processes and means for preventing photoprinting
    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03GELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G21/00Arrangements not provided for by groups G03G13/00 - G03G19/00, e.g. cleaning, elimination of residual charge
    • G03G21/04Preventing copies being made of an original
    • G03G21/043Preventing copies being made of an original by using an original which is not reproducible or only reproducible with a different appearence, e.g. originals with a photochromic layer or a colour background
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09FDISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F3/00Labels, tag tickets, or similar identification or indication means; Seals; Postage or like stamps
    • G09F3/02Forms or constructions
    • G09F3/0291Labels or tickets undergoing a change under particular conditions, e.g. heat, radiation, passage of time
    • G09F3/0292Labels or tickets undergoing a change under particular conditions, e.g. heat, radiation, passage of time tamper indicating labels
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S283/00Printed matter
    • Y10S283/902Anti-photocopy
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/913Material designed to be responsive to temperature, light, moisture
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/916Fraud or tamper detecting
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24355Continuous and nonuniform or irregular surface on layer or component [e.g., roofing, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24372Particulate matter
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24355Continuous and nonuniform or irregular surface on layer or component [e.g., roofing, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24372Particulate matter
    • Y10T428/24413Metal or metal compound
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24479Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including variation in thickness
    • Y10T428/24521Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including variation in thickness with component conforming to contour of nonplanar surface
    • Y10T428/24537Parallel ribs and/or grooves
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24479Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including variation in thickness
    • Y10T428/2457Parallel ribs and/or grooves
    • Y10T428/24579Parallel ribs and/or grooves with particulate matter
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24479Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including variation in thickness
    • Y10T428/24612Composite web or sheet
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24479Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including variation in thickness
    • Y10T428/24612Composite web or sheet
    • Y10T428/2462Composite web or sheet with partial filling of valleys on outer surface
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24802Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24893Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.] including particulate material
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24802Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24893Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.] including particulate material
    • Y10T428/24901Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.] including particulate material including coloring matter

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Accounting & Taxation (AREA)
  • Finance (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Non-Silver Salt Photosensitive Materials And Non-Silver Salt Photography (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)
  • Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)
DK93923480.3T 1992-10-29 1993-10-16 Antikopieringsfilm eller -lag DK0670786T3 (da)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4236563A DE4236563A1 (de) 1992-10-29 1992-10-29 Anti-Kopier-Film oder -Schicht

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DK0670786T3 true DK0670786T3 (da) 1997-05-05

Family

ID=6471670

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DK93923480.3T DK0670786T3 (da) 1992-10-29 1993-10-16 Antikopieringsfilm eller -lag

Country Status (14)

Country Link
US (1) US5795643A (da)
EP (1) EP0670786B1 (da)
JP (1) JP3386076B2 (da)
KR (1) KR100268157B1 (da)
CN (1) CN1044349C (da)
AT (1) ATE149121T1 (da)
BR (1) BR9307341A (da)
DE (2) DE4236563A1 (da)
DK (1) DK0670786T3 (da)
ES (1) ES2098789T3 (da)
GR (1) GR3023340T3 (da)
RU (1) RU2101187C1 (da)
WO (1) WO1994009990A1 (da)
ZA (1) ZA938043B (da)

Families Citing this family (36)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4320219A1 (de) * 1993-06-18 1994-12-22 Basf Magnetics Gmbh Antikopierfilm
DE4321685A1 (de) * 1993-06-30 1995-03-23 Basf Magnetics Gmbh Antikopierfilm
US5591527A (en) * 1994-11-02 1997-01-07 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Optical security articles and methods for making same
CN1170246C (zh) * 1995-08-01 2004-10-06 巴利斯·伊里伊奇·别洛索夫 薄膜信息载体及其制造方法与制造装置
WO1999008161A1 (de) * 1997-08-12 1999-02-18 Emtec Matgnetics Gmbh Anti-kopierfilm für dokumente gegen kopieren derselben in einer kopiereinrichtung mit definiertem öffnungswinkel
DE19749789A1 (de) * 1997-11-11 1999-05-12 Bundesdruckerei Gmbh Sicherheitsmerkmal für ein Wert- oder Sicherheitsdokument mit fraktalem Lamellensystem
DE19932240B4 (de) * 1999-07-10 2005-09-01 Bundesdruckerei Gmbh Optisch variabel darstellbare/versteckbare Sicherheitselemente für Wert- und Sicherheitsdokumente
ES2174673B1 (es) * 1999-07-12 2003-08-01 Vijay Atawane Sistema de seguridad para evitar el fotocopiado de documentos.
US6692030B1 (en) * 2000-07-21 2004-02-17 Verify First Technologies, Inc. Security document with nano-pattern
US6398370B1 (en) * 2000-11-15 2002-06-04 3M Innovative Properties Company Light control device
AU2002364746A1 (en) 2001-12-24 2003-07-15 Digimarc Id Systems, Llc Systems, compositions, and methods for full color laser engraving of id documents
US7694887B2 (en) 2001-12-24 2010-04-13 L-1 Secure Credentialing, Inc. Optically variable personalized indicia for identification documents
WO2003055638A1 (en) 2001-12-24 2003-07-10 Digimarc Id Systems, Llc Laser etched security features for identification documents and methods of making same
EP1459239B1 (en) 2001-12-24 2012-04-04 L-1 Secure Credentialing, Inc. Covert variable information on id documents and methods of making same
US7815124B2 (en) 2002-04-09 2010-10-19 L-1 Secure Credentialing, Inc. Image processing techniques for printing identification cards and documents
US7728048B2 (en) 2002-12-20 2010-06-01 L-1 Secure Credentialing, Inc. Increasing thermal conductivity of host polymer used with laser engraving methods and compositions
US7824029B2 (en) 2002-05-10 2010-11-02 L-1 Secure Credentialing, Inc. Identification card printer-assembler for over the counter card issuing
AU2003298731A1 (en) 2002-11-26 2004-06-18 Digimarc Id Systems Systems and methods for managing and detecting fraud in image databases used with identification documents
US7763179B2 (en) 2003-03-21 2010-07-27 Digimarc Corporation Color laser engraving and digital watermarking
CA2522551C (en) 2003-04-16 2009-12-22 Digimarc Corporation Three dimensional data storage
US7625613B2 (en) * 2003-10-15 2009-12-01 Verify First Technologies, Inc. Copy-resistant security paper
US7467873B2 (en) * 2005-10-14 2008-12-23 3M Innovative Properties Company Privacy film
US7326504B2 (en) * 2005-10-14 2008-02-05 3M Innovative Properties Company Imaged anti-copy film
EP1886827B1 (en) 2006-08-11 2009-12-23 National Bank of Belgium Hidden image
ATE500069T1 (de) * 2008-01-31 2011-03-15 Nat Bank Of Belgium Farbumschaltung
US20100264163A1 (en) * 2008-11-13 2010-10-21 Tevs Nikolai R Product Dispensing Apparatus And Method
JP5809235B2 (ja) 2010-03-25 2015-11-10 スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー 押出成形ダイ、及び複合層を製造する方法
EP2550155B1 (en) * 2010-03-25 2020-11-04 3M Innovative Properties Company Composite layer
CN102905882A (zh) * 2010-03-25 2013-01-30 3M创新有限公司 复合层
GB201117523D0 (en) 2011-10-11 2011-11-23 Rue De Int Ltd Security devices and methods of manufacture thereof
RU2015109872A (ru) * 2012-08-23 2016-10-10 Байер Матириальсайенс Аг Защищенный документ и/или ценная бумага, содержащие визуально меняющееся окно с голограммой
DE102014010313A1 (de) * 2014-07-10 2016-01-14 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Folie und Datenträger
FR3040230B1 (fr) * 2015-08-18 2019-04-19 Ingenico Group Decoupeur papier pour imprimante integree a un dispositif electronique et dispositif electronique correspondant.
JP7086071B2 (ja) * 2016-12-01 2022-06-17 シグニファイ ホールディング ビー ヴィ 光効果を発生させるための光学構成要素
KR20220003407A (ko) * 2020-07-01 2022-01-10 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 시야각 제한 장치 및 이를 포함하는 디스플레이 장치
US12014232B2 (en) * 2022-10-07 2024-06-18 Capital One Services, Llc Transaction card with hidden visual features

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3887742A (en) * 1972-04-13 1975-06-03 Richard E Reinnagel Copy resistant documents
US4025673A (en) * 1972-04-13 1977-05-24 Reinnagel Richard E Method of forming copy resistant documents by forming an orderly array of fibers extending upward from a surface, coating the fibers and printing the coated fibers and the copy resistant document resulting from said method
DE2540846A1 (de) * 1975-09-13 1977-03-17 Pelikan Werke Wagner Guenther Schutzueberzug fuer dokumente gegen kopieren
US4791449A (en) * 1986-05-30 1988-12-13 Xerox Corporation System for prevention of unauthorized copying
US5204160A (en) * 1988-08-08 1993-04-20 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Light-collimating film

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0670786B1 (de) 1997-02-26
RU2101187C1 (ru) 1998-01-10
WO1994009990A1 (de) 1994-05-11
BR9307341A (pt) 1999-06-01
DE59305549D1 (de) 1997-04-03
RU95121657A (ru) 1996-12-27
CN1087730A (zh) 1994-06-08
US5795643A (en) 1998-08-18
EP0670786A1 (de) 1995-09-13
KR100268157B1 (ko) 2000-10-16
CN1044349C (zh) 1999-07-28
ATE149121T1 (de) 1997-03-15
ES2098789T3 (es) 1997-05-01
DE4236563A1 (de) 1994-05-05
GR3023340T3 (en) 1997-08-29
ZA938043B (en) 1995-04-28
JP3386076B2 (ja) 2003-03-10
JPH08505821A (ja) 1996-06-25

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DK0670786T3 (da) Antikopieringsfilm eller -lag
BR9306906A (pt) Película ou revestimento anti-cópia para documentos
TW351042B (en) Projecting images the invention relates to projecting images
ATE28359T1 (de) Thermische und optische tarnung.
IT9067586A0 (it) Miscela polimerica amidacea particolarmente per la produzione di film e simili e procedimento per la sua produzione.
DE68921845D1 (de) Statische Schutzfolie.
ITTO940319A0 (it) Lenti modificate in supurficie.
NL194687B (nl) Antireflectiefilm.
FR2346795A1 (fr) Panneau d'affichage a eclairage incorpore
KR920002828A (ko) 높은 동위체 순도의 단결정 다이아몬드로부터 제조된 방사선에 견고한 광학 제품
FI885874A0 (fi) Optisk kopplare.
JPS5513446A (en) Uneven pattern input device
JPS5230449A (en) Light ray scanner
JPS5370589A (en) Illuminator
DE68904927D1 (de) Harzzusammensetzung fuer beschlagfreie filme.
SE9300958D0 (sv) Offset projektor
FI913244A0 (fi) Foerfarande foer vaerdering och kalibrering av ljus som mottas av en radiografisk film.
JPS536516A (en) Optical recording and reproducing unit
JPS5337429A (en) Electrophotographic light sensitive element
FR2677483B1 (fr) Materiau reflecteur pour optique neutronique et dispositif en faisant application.
Sushkevich On the theory of optical transfer operator
JPS5331975A (en) Full face exposure apparatus
SU1769607A1 (ru) Поляризационно-чувствительный фотографический материал
FI953083A (fi) Laite optisten säteiden poikkeuttamiseksi
JPS52109393A (en) Liquid crystal display element