CN104420556A - Assembly type energy-saving wall - Google Patents

Assembly type energy-saving wall Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104420556A
CN104420556A CN201410052473.6A CN201410052473A CN104420556A CN 104420556 A CN104420556 A CN 104420556A CN 201410052473 A CN201410052473 A CN 201410052473A CN 104420556 A CN104420556 A CN 104420556A
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prefabricated
topping
insulation layer
prefabricated panel
wall
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吴淑环
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Individual
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Abstract

The invention provides an assembly type energy-saving wall, which relates to a building wall, and aims at solving the problems that an assembly type wall is high in manufacturing cost and complicated in prefabrication and installation, is provided with more thermal bridges, has influence to energy conservation, and the like. The assembly type energy-saving wall can be constructed into the following structures: 1, a prefabricated wallboard is arranged at the side of a main structure of a building, a heat insulation layer of the prefabricated wallboard is divided into an internal heat insulation layer and an external heat insulation layer, and the internal heat insulation layer is made from light inorganic thermal insulation material which can meet duration of fire resistance and has certain strength; 2, one end of a prefabricated wallboard is connected with the side of the main structure of the building to form a fixed end, the other end of the prefabricated wallboard is a sliding end, and a sliding part, a steel chute and a shock-reducing rubber pad are arranged between the fixed end and the sliding end; 3, a light prefabricated heat insulation board is fixed on a foundation beam, a heat insulation layer is divided into an internal heat insulation layer and an external heat insulation layer, and the internal heat insulation layer is made of light inorganic thermal insulation material which can meet duration of fire resistance and has certain strength. The assembly type energy-saving wall is fireproof and safe, and is good in rigidity, good in energy conservation and heat insulation, convenient in prefabrication and installation, low in manufacturing cost, good in safety, wide in application scope and beneficial to popularization of low-carbon buildings.

Description

A kind of assembled energy-saving body of wall
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of construction wall, particularly a kind of assembled energy-saving body of wall.
Background technology
There is following problem in current assembling wall technology:
1, the assembling wall structure of concrete and hung wallboard is complicated, Heavy Weight, unfavorable to antidetonation, cost is high, prefabricated time need to take a large amount of soil, template, prefabricated and install all inconvenient, heat bridge is many, is difficult to build low-energy building.
2, many assembling body of wall ubiquity heat bridges are many, the problem that energy-saving heat preserving is bad.1) the prefabricated light thermal-insulating wallboard of complete inserted installation in frame construction is had; 2) there is half inserted, half outer-enwraped type that prefabricated light thermal-insulating wallboard is installed, namely a part of prefabricated light thermal-insulating wallboard is positioned at inside frame construction, another part is positioned at outside frame construction, or be divided into inside and outside two parts to install, there is light steel skeleton centre, and prefabricated light thermal-insulating wallboard is installed in light steel skeleton both sides, rolled steel dosage is many, cost is high, and is not also calculate the body of wall that can meet bearing capacity safety Design, poor stability by structure fomula.All heat bridge is formed, especially the 1st at beam column and window place) to plant heat bridge larger, and generally have hole periphery heat bridge.
3, assembling body of wall prefabricated panel seam problems does not solve.Different from the body of wall of common brick agglomerated material, by summer in winter temperature difference influence, assembling body of wall seam is easy to crack is one of puzzlement assembling wall technology difficult point.Seal with polyurethane foam glue between a lot of prefabricated panel and steel column and between prefabricated panel, not only steel column is heat bridge heat transfer, also there is corrosion of steel problem, and be fragile material after polyurethane foam adhesive curing, may be all right for summer low layer that thermally district's variations in temperature is less or multistory building.Heating districts, particularly severe cold area winter summer difference variation are violent, and highrise building between beam column, angular displacement occurs under wind action, and seam crossing polyurethane foam glue must ftracture.Just there is the engineering of this structure Harbin City, winter seam crossing thoroughly cold, ventilative, condensation, indoor wall drop down water, mouldy, become mildewed, and cause the case history of wood flooring warpage, body of wall energy-saving heat preserving is bad, affects body of wall durability, affects residence comfort.This situation causes severe cold area dare not adopt assembled heat insulation body of wall, affects Process of Housing Industrialization and building energy conservation process.Or what have have employed assembling body of wall, outside PVC plastic buckle or Metal pinch plate decoration, hide gap, although can't see crack, but seam crossing heat bridge still exists, seam crossing thoroughly cold, ventilative hidden danger also exists, and the etching problem of seam crossing steel column, girder steel also exists.
4, China and global earthquakes multiple, China's highrise building ratio is very large, and existing have that the assembling wall structure adapting to major structure of construction distortion is too complicated, cost is high.As 1), Beijing City Building Design Inst. Yu Yan article " connecting structure of Japanese architecture wallboard ", from article and accompanying drawing, the anti-seismic construction of the assembling body of wall of Japanese slip is too complicated.2), also as building standard design atlas " precast concrete out-hung panel " 08SJ110-2,08SG333, from drawing and explanation, the assembling wall structure of slip is complicated too, processing precast heated board difficulty is large, installation difficulty is large, amount of reinforcement is large, Heavy Weight, prefabricated time occupation of land many, cost is high, be unfavorable for the universal of assembling body of wall, affect building aseismicity and highrise building anti-side moves safety.
Tradition aerated concrete wall air-entrained concrete building block is built by laying bricks or stones and is plastered, or plaster again for installing inner arrangement of reinforcement aerated concrete wall panel, even if also there is surface plastering in south application easily work quality problems such as rousing, ftracture, come off, seepage, seam are easy to crack, situ wet operation is many, heat bridge is many, also need again with thermal insulation mortar insulation, antidetonation is bad.Gas concrete coefficient of thermal conductivity is higher, is not suitable with the application of heating districts low-energy building, is especially not suitable with severe cold area building energy conservation requirement.
For solving the problem, convenient construction, reduce cost, the present invention proposes a kind of assembled energy-saving body of wall.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of assembled energy-saving body of wall, to solve the problem described in background technology.
One of a kind of assembled energy-saving body of wall of the present invention, it comprises major structure of construction, prefabricated panel;
The connecting structure of described assembled energy-saving body of wall and major structure of construction is:
Prefabricated panel is placed in the beam column of major structure of construction, load bearing wall side, prefabricated panel and major structure of construction side are fixed; Connect between prefabricated panel, form a kind of assembled energy-saving body of wall installing prefabricated panel in major structure of construction side;
Described prefabricated panel is compound precast heated board, and described compound precast heated board is light prefabricated warming plate; Or prefabricated panel is wooden frame warming plate; Described compound precast heated board comprises insulation layer, topping, and insulation layer is connected with topping; Topping comprises exterior cover sheets, internal protection layer; Described insulation layer is inorganic heat insulation material or organic insulation material, or is the mixed material of inorganic heat insulation material and organic insulation material;
The insulation layer of described light prefabricated warming plate is made up of 2 kinds of heat insulating materials or multiple heat insulating material; Insulation layer is divided into base insulating layer, external insulation layer, or also has other position insulation layer; Described base insulating layer is satisfied certain fire endurance, has the light inorganic heat preserving material of some strength; The topping of described prefabricated panel is prefabricated panels topping, or described topping is plaster skin coat, or is the composite bed of prefabricated panels and plaster skin coat;
Or the insulation layer of described light prefabricated warming plate is a kind of inorganic heat insulation material, or it is the mixed material of a kind of inorganic heat insulation material and organic insulation material; Described topping is prefabricated panels topping, or is the composite bed of prefabricated panels and plaster skin coat.
A kind of assembled energy-saving body of wall two of the present invention, it comprises major structure of construction, structure supporting parts, prefabricated panel, sliding component; Structure supporting parts is arranged on the side of major structure of construction, and structure supporting parts is that local is arranged or is that building border, edge is arranged, prefabricated panel described in structure supporting parts support;
Described prefabricated panel is compound precast heated board, or is non-composite type precast heated board; Compound precast heated board is light prefabricated warming plate, or is heavy precast heated board;
Described compound precast heated board comprises insulation layer, topping, and insulation layer is connected with topping;
Described topping comprises exterior cover sheets, internal protection layer;
Described insulation layer is inorganic heat insulation material or organic insulation material, or is the mixed material of inorganic heat insulation material and organic insulation material; Described topping is prefabricated panels topping, or is plaster skin coat, or is the composite bed of prefabricated panels and plaster skin coat;
Be connected with following 2 kinds between described prefabricated panel and major structure of construction to construct, fit applications:
1), prefabricated panel upper end or lower end be connected with the beam slab lateral surface of major structure of construction, and form assembled energy-saving body of wall fixed end, the other end is sliding-end; Prefabricated panel is not connected with post or shear wall;
2), the post of prefabricated panel and major structure of construction or shear wall lateral surface be connected, and is provided with elastic expansion joint at post or shear wall side;
Sliding component is positioned on the contact surface of assembled energy-saving body of wall sliding-end and structure supporting parts;
Sliding component is had in the termination of prefabricated panel; Or there is the part of sliding component the termination of prefabricated panel, the remainder part of sliding component is positioned on structure supporting parts;
Described sliding component has and does not limit the function of assembled energy-saving body of wall at wall plane intrinsic displacement;
Connect between prefabricated panel, form a kind of assembled energy-saving body of wall of slip;
It is different from prior art that the assembled energy-saving body of wall of described slip has one of following technical characteristic;
1), described prefabricated panel is when being light prefabricated warming plate,
The insulation layer of light prefabricated warming plate is made up of 2 kinds of heat insulating materials or multiple heat insulating material; Insulation layer is divided into base insulating layer, external insulation layer, or also has other position insulation layer; The base insulating layer of described light prefabricated warming plate is satisfied certain fire endurance, has the light inorganic heat preserving material of some strength; The topping of described prefabricated panel is prefabricated panels topping, or described topping is plaster skin coat, or is the composite bed of prefabricated panels and plaster skin coat;
Or the insulation layer of described light prefabricated warming plate is a kind of inorganic heat insulation material, or it is the mixed material of a kind of inorganic heat insulation material and organic insulation material; The topping of described prefabricated panel is prefabricated panels topping, or is the composite bed of prefabricated panels and plaster skin coat;
2), described prefabricated panel is when being light prefabricated warming plate, and the exterior cover sheets of light prefabricated warming plate, internal protection layer are different materials, or exterior cover sheets, internal protection layer thickness are different; Or one of exterior cover sheets, internal protection layer are plaster skin coat, should have the net of tension in plaster skin coat;
3), crab-bolt, basic matterial is also comprised; By crab-bolt through prefabricated panel, prefabricated panel is fixed on the side of major structure of construction, in the sleeve pipe of crab-bolt, injects basic matterial;
4), with prefabricated panels topping substitute the net tension of reinforcing bar or alternative tension, substitute pressure zone concrete compression with prefabricated panels topping, and also comprise reinforcing bar;
Reinforcing bar comprises outdoor reinforcing bar, indoor reinforcing bar, sockets steel wire; Assembled energy-saving body of wall is outdoor, indoor main steel bar stress is connected with structure supporting parts outer end and inner root respectively, or the main steel bar stress of indoor is connected with major structure of construction; Secondary steel bar stress is connected with main steel bar stress, sockets steel wire and socket between outdoor reinforcing bar, indoor reinforcing bar; Or outdoor reinforcing bar, indoor Bar Anchorage is in indoor and outdoor basic matterial topping;
5), partial structurtes supporting parts is installed, and determines that crab-bolt installation site adopts following mounting method:
A, when the concrete formwork of major structure of construction, in the installation site of template inside structure supporting parts, the interim occupying plate of a slice is installed, during form removal, interim occupying plate is dismantled, concrete side just has a recessed position, can install the structure supporting parts of local in recess bar planting;
B, when the cast-in-situ concrete formwork of major structure of construction, may install the position of crab-bolt inside template, install the interim occupying plate of a slice, interim occupying plate should hide out the reinforcing bar in major structure of construction; Dismantled by interim occupying plate when form removal, concrete side just has a recessed position, when installing prefabricated panel by crab-bolt, should install crab-bolt in recessed position; ?
6), assembled energy-saving body of wall has one of following fire prevention measure unlike the prior art, selects as required:
A, setting socket part; Socket part and be provided with following several mode, select according to use needs:
1., socket part exterior cover sheets is connected with structure supporting parts;
2., socket part the inner and be connected with the base insulating layer of light prefabricated warming plate, or to be connected with internal protection layer, or to be connected with major structure of construction, or and bar connecting; Socket part outer end to be connected with exterior cover sheets;
3., between adjacent external topping seam crossing arranges and sockets part, sockets part and is connected by adjacent external topping;
The fire prevention measure of b, heavy seal coat: install fire proofing material in the seam of topping; Or in the inner side of the topping seam of prefabricated panel, overlap joint prefabricated panels band is installed, prefabricated panels band is as fire proofing material, overlap joint prefabricated panels band is inserted in the reserved gap of opposite side prefabricated panel, or also bonding with the exterior cover sheets of contiguous prefabricated wallboard; Or prefabricated panel seam crossing local thickeies topping; Or outside seam also brushing fireproof paint;
C, in the cross section of prefabricated panel insulation layer or/and inner surface also has internal protection layer, increase the fire resistance property on surface, insulation layer cross section; Or fire barrier is also had in insulation layer;
D, crab-bolt external end head install fire proofing material, the fireproof performance of the crab-bolt having fire proofing material to cover is not less than the fireproof performance of exterior cover sheets;
The fire protection construction of e, reinforced door window side insulation layer: the exterior cover sheets of door thereabout prefabricated panel is widened, the topping of door window side insulation layer is prefabricated panels topping; Paste between the exterior cover sheets of door and window mouth side prefabricated panels topping and the positive facade of assembled energy-saving body of wall and add to follow closely and fix; Vertical side insulation layer is had in exterior cover sheets, cavity between vertical side prefabricated panels topping and doorframe and window frame;
F, different parts outer protection layer thickness are different;
G, with cementitious materials and nail the net of tension and exterior cover sheets are fixed; Or the net of tension and reinforcing bar binding; Or fix with structure supporting parts, contiguous prefabricated wallboard connects by the net of tension.
The bonding adhesive of h, described bonding topping is the polymer adhesive having fire retardant, or is inorganic fire glue;
Adopt the 3rd) ~ the 6th) item structure time,
The insulation layer of light prefabricated warming plate is a kind of heat insulating material; Or be 2 kinds of heat insulating materials or multiple heat insulating material; The topping of described prefabricated panel is prefabricated panels topping, or described topping is plaster skin coat, or is the composite bed of prefabricated panels and plaster skin coat;
Or the insulation layer of described light prefabricated warming plate is a kind of inorganic heat insulation material, or it is the composite material of inorganic heat insulation material and organic insulation material; The topping of described prefabricated panel is prefabricated panels topping, or is the composite bed of prefabricated panels and plaster skin coat;
The exterior cover sheets of light prefabricated warming plate, internal protection layer are different materials, or are same material; Or exterior cover sheets, internal protection layer are different-thickness, or are same thickness;
Or described prefabricated panel is heavy precast heated board, or it is non-composite type precast heated board;
Or prefabricated panel is when being heavy precast heated board, prefabricated panel internal protection layer there is ironware to substitute crab-bolt prefabricated panel is connected with major structure of construction in indoor; Or not only connected with ironware but also used anchor bolts.
A kind of assembled energy-saving body of wall three of the present invention, it comprises prefabricated panel, grade beam;
Described prefabricated panel is the compound light-duty precast heated board of various structure;
Described light prefabricated warming plate comprises insulation layer, topping; Described topping comprises exterior cover sheets, internal protection layer; Topping is positioned at insulation layer both sides, and insulation layer is connected with topping;
The insulation layer of the light prefabricated warming plate of described composition is made up of 2 kinds of heat insulating materials or multiple heat insulating material; Insulation layer is divided into base insulating layer, external insulation layer, or also has other position insulation layer; Described base insulating layer is satisfied certain fire endurance, has the light inorganic heat preserving material of some strength; Described topping is prefabricated panels topping, or is plaster skin coat, or is the composite protection layer of prefabricated panels and plaster skin coat;
Or the insulation layer of described light prefabricated warming plate is a kind of inorganic heat insulation material, or it is the mixed material of a kind of inorganic heat insulation material and organic insulation material; Described topping is prefabricated panels topping, or is the composite protection layer of prefabricated panels and plaster skin coat;
Light prefabricated warming plate is fixed on grade beam above or side, bond with cementitious materials between light prefabricated warming plate and grade beam, or other connector is connected with grade beam in addition; Be interconnected between light prefabricated warming plate, form a kind of individual layer self-supporting assembled energy-saving body of wall.
The common technical feature of the present invention's three kinds of assembled energy-saving bodies of wall is:
1, when the prefabricated panel of three kinds of assembled energy-saving bodies of wall of the present invention is light prefabricated warming plate, the insulation layer of light prefabricated warming plate is by 2 kinds of heat insulating materials or multiple heat insulating material composition; Insulation layer is divided into base insulating layer, external insulation layer, Described base insulating layer is satisfied certain fire endurance, has the light inorganic heat preserving material of some strength; Or the insulation layer of described light prefabricated warming plate is a kind of inorganic heat insulation material, or it is the mixed material of a kind of inorganic heat insulation material and organic insulation material; Or the insulation layer of the light prefabricated warming plate of the present invention's three kinds of assembled energy-saving bodies of wall is a kind of inorganic heat insulation material; or when being the mixed material of a kind of inorganic heat insulation material and organic insulation material; the topping of prefabricated panel is prefabricated panels topping, or is the composite bed of prefabricated panels and plaster skin coat.
2, three kinds of assembled energy-saving bodies of wall of the present invention are all minimized by heat bridge:
The present invention the first, the prefabricated panel of the second assembled energy-saving body of wall is not positioned at the beam column of major structure of construction framework, but prefabricated panel is placed in completely the outside of beam column, shear wall.When hole or other prefabricated panel seam crossing need to arrange reinforcing bar, and when taking hole heat insulation break bridge structure, need arrange structure supporting parts, and structure supporting parts can point-like be arranged, form point-like heat bridge, only increase body of wall mean thermal transmittance 0.01 ~ 0.02w/m.k.
The third individual layer self-supporting assembled energy-saving body of wall need not establish the beam column of framework, during base insulating layer gas concrete, can double as load-carrying members, be arranged on grade beam, point-like heat bridge also without.
Possible world is difficult to occur the assembled energy-saving body of wall of heat bridge more less than the present invention.
3, when the topping of the present invention's three kinds of assembled energy-saving bodies of wall is prefabricated panels topping, the net tension of the alternative reinforcing bar of prefabricated panels topping or alternative tension, alternative pressure zone concrete compression.
4, three kinds of assembled energy-saving bodies of wall of the present invention all construct topping, assembled energy-saving body of wall is prevented fires, crab-bolt is anticorrosion, and steel-bar arrangement etc. adopt same configuration.
The difference of the present invention and public technology is:
1, in embodiment one, 12,14, " insulation layer of light prefabricated warming plate is made up of 2 kinds of heat insulating materials or multiple heat insulating material; Insulation layer is divided into base insulating layer, external insulation layer, Described base insulating layer is satisfied certain fire endurance, has the light inorganic heat preserving material of some strength ", oneself does not have insulation layer to be divided into the structure of base insulating layer, external insulation layer by disclosed assembled energy-saving body of wall.
When assembled energy-saving body of wall needs to adopt organic insulation material, thinking routinely:
1, asking for meeting fire endurance, being usually again lightgage steel joist is installed in assembled energy-saving body of wall indoor, between lightgage steel joist, rock wool being installed, keel being installed PLASTIC LAMINATED surface layer.Cost is high, the high 75 ~ 100mm of lightgage steel joist, also takies indoor a large amount of usable floor area.
2, for meeting rigidity requirement, should increase the protective layer thickness of light prefabricated warming plate, or establish ribs in light prefabricated warming plate edge or base insulating layer, this is the most general current structure.But there is following problem:
1) ribs is heat bridge, and heat bridge is energy-saving wall common fault, very large on the impact of heating districts energy-saving heat preserving.)。
2) increase the thickness of fiber reinforced cement board, price is high, is difficult to popularize, and Figure 15 represents the thick prefabricated panels topping in indoor, or inside and outside all with thick prefabricated panels topping, and special engineering can adopt.
3) to plaster topping according to cement mortar or pea gravel concreten, be also difficult to meet rigidity requirement, Heavy Weight, prefabricated processing wallboard is inconvenient, and limit by appointed condition, preserving period is long, or needs to use steam curing.
How to reduce cost, do not take coverage, do not increase heat bridge, the insulation layer structure that embodiment one proposes, can reach following 4 objects simultaneously: meet energy-saving heat preserving requirement, fire endurance requirement, rigidity of structure requirement, alleviate assembled energy-saving wall weight.But nobody proposes above-mentioned structure until now, not apparent as seen.
From above-mentioned, the structure of embodiment one, 12,14 is not apparent.
2, in embodiment one, 12,14 " or the insulation layer of described light prefabricated warming plate is a kind of inorganic heat insulation material, or be the mixed material of a kind of inorganic heat insulation material and organic insulation material; Described topping is prefabricated panels topping, or is the composite bed of prefabricated panels and plaster skin coat.", oneself does not install prefabricated panels topping at inorganic heat insulation material or at inorganic heat insulation material and the surfaces externally and internally of the mixed material of organic insulation material by disclosed assembled energy-saving wall technology again, the regulation of formation prefabricated panel or case history.
Example 1: gas concrete, that foam cement exists tensile strength is low, the problem that must ftracture when easy brittle failure, earthquake.The present invention can install prefabricated panels topping at a kind of material surface of aerated concrete panel, cement board, and the prefabricated panel of formation can be used for the energy saving building of non-heating region, non-severe cold area.The shortcoming of aerated concrete panel described in background technology, cement board can be overcome, there is not masonry mortar heat bridge, improve energy-saving heat preserving effect, meet structural bearing capacity designing requirement, improve body of wall safety, durability, safety when can ensure earthquake.But there is no such prefabricated panel and assembled architecture for many years.
Example 2: the individual layer bearing wall of embodiment 14, but there is no such individual layer bearing wall for many years.
China advocates Development of Novel materials for wall for many years energetically, and government gives substantial contribution and subsidizes.But often kind of material has its pluses and minuses, not by various material fit application, the advantage playing different materials, be can not solve the problems of assembled energy-saving body of wall comprehensively.This point that what wall reform progress difficult, building energy conservation progress was difficult for many years fact proved.
How to make assembled energy-saving body of wall have comprehensively excellent performance, this only has the technician of branch professional knowledge indeterminable.Only have with multi-subject knowledge, multiple material, optimize the difficult point that wall structure just can capture assembled energy-saving wall technology.This cans be compared to design vehicle, aircraft, naval vessel are the same, will carry out appropriate design, combined by different materials, meet design requirement the structure on automobile, aircraft, naval vessel.Equally, the thinking solving assembled energy-saving body of wall problem is: must optimize wall structure, plays the advantage of different materials, avoids its shortcoming.This Structure of need professional knowledge, also will have the knowledge such as architectural discipline, building thermal technique, building physics, and grasps the performance of multiple material.And be not merely the problems only relying on a certain novel wall material just can solve assembled energy-saving wall technology.
3, prefabricated panel is all arranged on beam column, the shear wall side of major structure of construction by embodiment of the present invention one, 12, is that full outer-enwraped type installs prefabricated panel (prefabricated panel wraps in outside major structure of construction).Oneself does not have this installation constitution by disclosed assembling wall technology, neither be apparent.
Current wooden frame warming plate is all adopt complete inserted installation or half inserted, half outer-enwraped type to be arranged in frame construction, there is floor and steel column, concrete column heat bridge.The present invention breaches the installation constitution of wooden frame warming plate, and existing wooden frame wall technology does not have, neither be apparent.
Complete for prefabricated panel outsourcing is arranged on the installation constitution outside major structure of construction, assembled energy-saving body of wall energy-saving heat preserving effect is increased substantially, and even it is significant to reduce carbon emission to the China whole world, sees the technology of the present invention effect the 1st point.
The United Nations once issued report display in March, 2007, and the emission reduction effect that green building and building energy conservation are contained is greater than all greenhouse gas emissions required in Kyoto Protocol, is equivalent to three times of the predetermined CER of Kyoto Protocol.As can be seen here, energy-saving building technology is particularly important to minimizing greenhouse gas emission.
Spring in 2013, the World Bank delivers report and warns: " unless taked more multirow to move to climate warming, otherwise global temperatures will rise four degrees Celsius again in the end of this century.The whole world is faced with that sea level rise, the danger of food shortages, extreme weather conditions, and this will make coastal cities and the poor in the face of catastrophic effect ".
Although the situation is tense for Energy situation, environment, because thin-coat plaster heat-preserving wall fire savety is bad, and described in background technology there is various problem in existing assembling body of wall: heat bridge is many, energy-saving heat preserving effect is bad, high cost reason, world many countries is still a large amount of non-energy saving building, and wall technology Problems existing causes global building energy consumption to remain high.
The United Nations once repeatedly held a meeting to study and reduced greenhouse gas emission matters, countries in the world are often difficult to reach an agreement, do you why not are ready to reduce discharging? applicant is thought, one of major reason is that a lot of technical problem does not solve, otherwise who can be unwilling to reduce discharging? the situation explanation of whole world building energy conservation, structure of the present invention is not that thinking solves body of wall energy-saving heat preserving technology Problems existing routinely, and the present invention is not apparent.
4, embodiment two " exterior cover sheets of described light prefabricated warming plate, internal protection layer are different materials, or exterior cover sheets, internal protection layer are different-thickness " is that prior art is unexistent, neither be apparent.The exterior cover sheets of present light prefabricated warming plate, internal protection layer are all a kind of material, a kind of thickness.
5, the anticorrosive measure of embodiment three " injecting basic matterial in the sleeve pipe of crab-bolt ", is that public technology is unexistent, neither be apparent.
6, embodiment of the present invention five, 12,18 proposition prefabricated panels topping substitute reinforcing bar or alternative tension net tension, to substitute with prefabricated panels topping pressure zone concrete compression Structural design idea and structure; all do not have in existing assembled energy-saving wall technology and concrete structure technique, neither be apparent.
Fiber reinforced cement board for many years just as ornament materials, or uses as the surface layer of the partition wall of lightgage steel joist.Can who would have thought that it substitute reinforcing bar and use? (the net essence substituting tension is also alternative reinforcing bar tension), does not substitute reinforcing bar with fiber reinforced cement board, substitutes the net of tension, form regulation or the case history of flexural member.
The technician of architectural discipline, materials specialty is ignorant of structure knowledge.The technician of structure discipline just utilizes structural theory and traditional length of load bearing material to design, and the people participating in the research of modern wall technology is few, or research is not deeply, does not understand in depth, because think that this does not belong to this area of specialization to various ornament materials.
Applicant is structure discipline technician, in the former patent document declared, all be unable to do without the net of tension, although illustrate that applicant studies nearly 12 years of wall technology with full energy, do not propose for a long time to substitute reinforcing bar with prefabricated panels topping yet, substitute the net of tension, substitute the stressed structure of pressure zone concrete and design concept, think that prefabricated panels decorates use exactly, just further investigate prefabricated panels up to now, analyze the implication of rupture strength, just expect that the prefabricated panels had can substitute the net materials tension of reinforcing bar or alternative tension within the specific limits, make assembled energy-saving wall structure of the present invention simpler, more scientific, more reasonable.
So far; society does not all propose the rational structure of prefabricated panel; the rational structure of relation of installing between prefabricated panel and major structure of construction is not all proposed; prefabricated panels topping is not more used to apply as length of load bearing material; and place hope on novel wall material, wish that new material has comprehensive superiority.But this is impossible, because each material has its pluses and minuses.Therefore wall technology does not have breakthrough all the time for these years: heat bridge in a large number, Heavy Weight, steel using amount are many, cost is high, antidetonation is bad, durability is bad ...
7, multiple fire protection constructions of embodiment six are that public technology is unexistent, neither be apparent, as: " 1), arrange socket part ...; 2), the fire prevention measure of heavy seal coat 5) reinforced door window side insulation layer fire protection construction ... Deng.
8, embodiment seven installs partial structurtes supporting parts, and determines the mounting method that crab-bolt installation site adopts, and is that existing assembled energy-saving wall technology is unexistent, neither be apparent.
9, embodiment eight " the mutual jam-packed of seam crossing of insulation layer 15-3 is installed ", is that existing assembling wall technology is unexistent, neither be apparent.Some heat insulating materials have certain compressibility, but people do not know to utilize this compressibilty, and reduce insulation layer heat transfer, prior art does not have such case history or regulation.
10, " when the seam between prefabricated panel 15 topping 15-8 is positioned at frame construction hole, seam crossing topping 15-8 resilient glue material 40 is bonding for embodiment nine; Resilient glue material 40 has tensile strength, can transmission capacity, also has the ability adapting to certain distortion, form a kind of elastic water-proof seam " structure; all do not have in the construction drawings or case history of existing assembling wall technology, neither be apparent, as stated in the Background Art.
Resilient glue material belongs to chemical materials category, and Building technology personnel are rare understands chemical materials; In thin-coat plaster heat-preserving wall engineering; have macromolecule adhesive in the cement polymer mortar of bonding benzene plate, because of Building technology, personnel are ignorant of, agent's low-price competition; make macromolecule adhesive content few, do not meet bonding requirements, time have the phenomenon such as external protection cracking, efflorescence to occur.Building technology personnel understand very few to chemical materials, narrow to the grasp face of material, so the structure can not carrying embodiment nine and the material selected.
11, the slip assembled energy-saving body of wall of embodiment 12 is that prior art is unexistent, neither be apparent.The assembling body of wall of Japan's slip because its structure is too complicated, cost is too high, countries in the world all need not, the construction drawings described in China's background technology, in the fact of national only a few engineer applied, all demonstrates this point.
12, embodiment 15 is provided with groove on grade beam, is arranged on by prefabricated panel in the groove of grade beam, bonding with cementitious materials, or also fixes by crab-bolt, is that published wall technology is unexistent.Embodiment 15 conveniently installs prefabricated panel, and can form fixed end bearing bottom prefabricated panel, more favourable to structure stress.
From above-mentioned, the present invention almost each embodiment has innovative point.
Technique effect of the present invention:
1, the present invention has outstanding effects of energy saving and emission reduction, reduces building carbon emission, to improve earth environment significant to China and the whole world; Pole low-energy building can be promoted, heat-supplying mode can be made to change.
The present invention's three kinds of assembled energy-saving bodies of wall are because minimizing heat bridge, and estimate assembled energy-saving body of wall gross thickness about 320 ~ 350mm, wall heat transfer coefficient is not more than 0.15w/m 2.k, 1 is seen attached list.More energy-conservation than present buildings in Beijing 75%, Harbin building energy conservation 65% will try to achieve energy conservation standard can be reduced by the energy about 75% that body of wall runs off, and reaches the passive type energy saving house standard of global lowest energy consumption.Coordinate with suitable energy saving window again, rely on sun heat radiation, life heat, China cold district is hopeful to build " zero energy consumption room ", and severe cold area is hopeful to build " micro-energy consumption room ", significantly contain the dust that China's new building increases and carbon emission, improve air quality.
Pole low-energy building can significantly reduce the cost utilizing regenerative resource to meet building thermal environments engineering, promotes to utilize regenerative resource, or uses auxiliary electrical heating.Boiler room central heating supply can be terminated, boiler room need not be built in new building, build tube net outside, a large amount of maintenance cost of heating system not occur every year, alleviates government finance heat supply burden.And avoid that energy saving building room temperature is too high, venting of windowing, the phenomenon that energy saving building is not energy-conservation.
Subordinate list 1 assembled energy-saving wall heat transfer coefficient reference table
Subordinate list 1 illustrates: subordinate list 1 installs foil laminated film vapour barrier by window-wall ratio 0.35, indoor, and during EPS plate moisture content 7.5%, coefficient of thermal conductivity is 0.034w/m.nk, and by socketing steel wire quantity 5/m during general decor 2, the coefficient of thermal conductivity of EPS plate correction is that 0.0356w/m.k calculates.
2, three kinds of assembled energy-saving bodies of wall of the present invention all meet fire savety requirement
Various fire protection construction measure of the present invention is perfect, can ensure fire safety in construction, fire safety in Long-Time Service.
Insulation layer reaches 600 DEG C of rock wool burning-point when being rock wool also burns; therefore topping of the present invention is not only necessary for the insulation layer of organic material; for the insulation layer of inorganic material; if rock wool, foam cement, gas concrete are also necessary; the ability of rock wool heat-preservation body of wall opposing fire can be increased, increase assembling body of wall durable years.
3, safety of structure is good, light-duty assembling body of wall can calculate by structure fomula, degree of safety is clear and definite, shockproof, damping performance is given prominence to, and can be formed and contain major structure of construction displacement and there is the assembled energy-saving body of wall of three direction cushioning effects, the body of wall that it is shockproof, damping performance performance exceedes Japanese earthquake proof construction.Increase the quake-resistant safety of assembled energy-saving body of wall and building, and have other advantage concurrently.
4, produce that prefabricated panel producer takes up an area less, equipment investment is few, government finance can be reduced and help number, alleviate government burden, and prefabricated panel to produce also be assembling manufacturing process, prefabricated speed is fast, and recruitment is few.
5, simple, the assembled energy-saving body of wall prefabricated panels topping of assembled energy-saving wall structure of the present invention adds that trimming bar just becomes reinforced wall.Steel using amount is few, easy for installation, installation rate is fast, good endurance, lightweight, cost is low, meets the theory of Life cycle low-carbon (LC), reduces steel consumption, increase body of wall safety significant to China and even the whole world.
Only there is reinforcing bar at hole during general decor, calculate by wall area and be approximately 0.5 ~ 0.8kg/m 2, be only 1/30 ~ 1/20 of a lot of assembling body of wall steel using amount, significantly reduce steel consumption, and combination property be best.Self cost of assembling body of wall is low, and reduces major structure of construction cost, particularly significantly reduces seismic areas building agent structure cost, significantly reduces carbon emission in work progress.
The Xiamen very large for China Wind Power and area, Xisha, when body of wall differing heights, different spans, adopt two ends fixed bearing form, calculate subordinate list 2 moment.By formula M≤0.85 (fyAs) ho, the moment that subordinate list 2 calculates is calculated, when tensile strength design load is 13Mpa × 0.6=7.8Mpa, calculate: with the fiber reinforced cement board of 8mm, just can meet anti-bending bearing capacity, not only safe, but also saving steel.
Because assembled energy-saving wall weight is light, calculate for Beijing area, rarely occurred earthquake combination value of actions is far smaller than wind load combination value, therefore calculates by wind load combination value and meets safety, also safety during certain rarely occurred earthquake.
The U.S.'s annual hurricane season, how many houses are dispelled, are destroyed, from subordinate list 2 of the present invention, as long as major structure of construction safety, adopt exterior wall of the present invention, by intensity, the thickness of adjustment thickness of wall body, adjustment dimension refinforced cement plate, exterior wall can not by gale, and the present invention is also significant to Light Wall wind resistance.
Maximum bending moment when subordinate list 2 citing calculating different regions, body of wall differing heights, different spans
Subordinate list 2 illustrates: wind load combination value=wind reference pressure × height coefficient × gustness factor × combination coefficient 1.4, and in subordinate list 2, numeral 1.7 considers internal force sampling factor when having hole.The bearing meeting certain condition can calculate by subordinate list 2 fixed end.
6, thickness of wall body is thin, increases indoor usable floor area, is space-saving type body of wall.
7, be in current various energy-saving wall technology, various assembling wall technology, uniquely meet and conveniently solar photoelectric, photo-thermal apparatus are installed on exterior wall, curtain wall decoration, sunbreaker, billboard are installed and carry out exterior wall vertical greening, and the assembling wall technology of pole low energy consumption can be realized.
8, embodiment of the present invention 14 ~ 18 proposes the single story building also with comprehensive excellent properties, builds single story building have meaning to rural area and outlying district.
9, the present invention uniquely both can meet the passive type energy saving house requirement of building pole low energy consumption, met again the assembled energy-saving wall technology of housing industrialization target.
10, wide application.The present invention is the leading wall technology having comprehensive superiority, have extensive popularization.
Because various places Difference of physical environment is large, a certain constructional materials or Building technology are applicable to certain area or certain building height, but are not necessarily applicable to all regions or all building heights;
Not having comprehensive superiority, not having the Building technology of extensive popularization is not leading Building technology.
1) assembling joint body of wall of the present invention can be applicable to the different various climatic provinces of natural environment, is applied to different building height, different using function, varying level blast, different earthquake earthquake intensity, and different structural-system is as in concrete frame, steel framed structure and bamboo wood frame construction.
2) material therefor of the present invention is extensive, and various places can according to working as ground temperature and material situation, according to building height not square one, selecting different materials.
Recommend heating districts mainly to use aerated concrete panel and EPS plate as composite heat-insulating layer, the prefabricated panels of fiber reinforced cement board is as the topping of inside and outside both sides, and cost is minimum, and steady quality, quality are easy to control, good combination property.
Summer thermally district can be all insulation layer with aerated concrete panel, the protective layer used fiber reinforced cement board in inside and outside both sides.
3) the present invention be mainly used as frame structure building, also light prefabricated warming plate can be arranged on outside base course wall and carry out Surgery therapy, now insulation layer with a kind of heat insulating material as EPS plate.
4) the present invention can meet the abundant demand of elevation of building moulding.
The present invention not only easily forms the moulding of vertical moulding alien invasion, forms the moulding of horizontal line alien invasion, by adjustment wall between windows, breast prefabricated panel thickness, exterior wall moulding that is outstanding and indentation can be formed, and composite column moulding outwardly can be had on wall between windows; The present invention can be formed outstanding metope large windowsill, circular arc window can be formed.
The present invention changes the structure and installment mode of traditional body of wall, and building trade applies new technology of the present invention, can change the old mode of production, advance Process of Housing Industrialization, promote wall reform, promote social progress, be conducive to reducing carbon emission, be conducive to social sustainable development.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the assembling wall alien invasion installation drawing that embodiment one ~ 11 installs prefabricated panel, and structure supporting parts 1-1 is that concrete cornice is arranged along building border;
Fig. 2 embodiment one ~ 11 installs the assembled energy-saving body of wall alien invasion installation drawing of prefabricated panel, and structure supporting parts 1-1 is that concrete cornice local point-like is arranged;
Fig. 3 is that Fig. 2 is positioned at structure supporting parts---the vertical cross section of the place's assembled energy-saving body of wall that cornices; Fig. 3 also represents to have covered in fire proofing material 20-1, crab-bolt outside plastic anchor bolt 20 has basic matterial 9 to construct;
Fig. 4 is that Fig. 2 is positioned at breast place vertical cross section, and heat insulation break bridge structure taked by window; Window sockets steel wire 2-1 and is socketed by indoor and outdoor reinforcing bar and doublely socket part 2, and outer end is connected with exterior cover sheets 15-8-1.
Fig. 3, Fig. 4 all represent that inside and outside assembled energy-saving body of wall, both sides topping is prefabricated panels topping;
Fig. 5 is the horizontal sectional drawing that embodiment one ~ 11 assembled energy-saving body of wall is positioned at post place, the double template doing cast-in-situ concrete columns side in light prefabricated warming plate 15 local, and light prefabricated warming plate 15 is connected together by groove with cast-in-situ concrete columns; The internal protection layer 15-8-2 of light prefabricated warming plate 15 plasters to accompany the net 5 of tension in topping; Fig. 5 also represents that insulation layer 15-3 is the structure of 3 kinds of insulation layers;
Fig. 6 is Fig. 2 node A enlarged drawing, represents that embodiment four ~ six arranges structure supporting parts 1-1, sockets part 2 and be connected with structure supporting parts 1-1 by exterior cover sheets 15-8-1;
Fig. 7 ~ Figure 13 all represents that embodiment six, eight, nine is installed light prefabricated warming plate 15 or also comprised and installs prefabricated thermal insulation batten 15-1 seam sectional drawing, external insulation layer 15-3-1 is polymer thermal insulative material, base insulating layer 15-3-2 is aerated concrete panel, adopts vertical masonry joint jam-packed to install; Wherein:
Fig. 7 is that prefabricated panel 15 seam crossing installs 1 reinforcing bar sectional drawing;
Fig. 8 is that the seam crossing of prefabricated panel 1 does not install reinforcing bar sectional drawing;
Fig. 7, Fig. 8 all represent that both sides topping 15-8 is prefabricated panels topping;
Fig. 9 is positioned at window place, has prefabricated thermal insulation batten 15-1 windowed configuration sectional drawing when window side installs bi-steel; Exterior cover sheets 15-8-1 is prefabricated panels topping, and internal protection layer 15-8-2 is the net of topping inner clip tension of plastering;
Fig. 7 ~ Fig. 9 all represents that contiguous prefabricated wallboard 15 seam insulation layer 15-3 jam-packed is installed;
Figure 10 is the Node B enlarged drawing of Fig. 7, Fig. 9;
Figure 11 is the node C enlarged drawing of Fig. 8;
Figure 12 is angle seam enlarged drawing;
Figure 13 is that seam forms the reeded decoration partitioning slot enlarged drawing of band;
Figure 14 is Fig. 7, Fig. 9 Node B 1 enlarged drawing, and namely Fig. 7, Fig. 9 have Figure 10 or Figure 14 two kinds of sensor selection problem;
Figure 15 is Fig. 8 node C1 enlarged drawing, and namely Fig. 8 has Figure 11 or Figure 15 two kinds of sensor selection problem;
Figure 16 is also seam when being provided with reinforcing bar, in the topping 15-8-1 seam of side, have overlap joint prefabricated panels band, inserts opposite side insulation layer and to interspace in advance interior structure enlarged drawing;
Figure 17 is that between the topping 15-8-1 of both sides, seam forms the reeded decoration partitioning slot of band, and in groove, sockets part 2 by adjacent both sides topping 15-8-1 connection enlarged drawing;
Figure 10 ~ Figure 17 is all the fire prevention measures representing heavy seal coat 15-8-1 in embodiment embodiment six, and also represent the requirement of embodiment nine Elastic weather check, Figure 17 also indicates that socketing part 2 constructs;
Figure 18 is that embodiment one is provided with ribs topping 15-8-5 organigram at door and window mouth, and ribs topping 15-8-5 is for plastering topping or for prefabricated panels topping;
Figure 19 is that embodiment five insulation layer 15-3 does not establish breach, and outdoor reinforcing bar 6 is arranged on the exterior configuration schematic diagram of prefabricated panel 15 indoor and outdoor topping 15-8; Window sockets that steel wire 2-1 is double sockets part 2, and outer end is connected with exterior cover sheets 15-8-1;
Figure 20 represents that the base insulating layer 15-3-2 of light prefabricated warming plate 15 in embodiment one is aerated concrete panel, and external insulation layer 15-3-1 is rock cotton board, represents in figure except bonding connection, also adopts alternate manner to connect;
Figure 21 is the internal protection layer 15-8-2 thickness of the light-duty precast heated board 15 of embodiment two, thickeies than exterior cover sheets 15-8-2, during for the heat insulating material of poor rigidity as rock wool, likely meets rigidity requirement and meets fire protection requirement; Represent in figure except bonding connection, also adopt alternate manner to connect;
The insulation layer 15-3 of Figure 22 prefabricated panel 15 is gas concrete or cement board, or non-composite type precast heated board, seam crossing insulation layer be compressibility heat insulating material as EPS plate, by embodiment eight, seam jam-packed is installed; Insulation layer 15-3 is jagged, and reinforcement installation is in gap portions, and this prefabricated panel is applicable to summer thermally district; Also represent the connecting structure installing connecting reinforcement 7-3 and major structure of construction 10 by embodiment five;
The horizontal sectional drawing of Figure 23 to be prefabricated panel 15 be heavy precast heated board, establish connecting reinforcement 7-3 that heavy precast heated board 15 is connected sectional drawing with major structure of construction 10 by embodiment five, concreting forms ater-casting;
Figure 24 is the steel truss supporting installation side elevation of embodiment five, does not recommend to adopt;
Figure 25 represents that the exterior cover sheets 15-8-1 of light prefabricated warming plate 15 and internal protection layer 15-8-2 is the structure of prefabricated panels topping, and insulation layer 15-3, internal protection layer 15-8-2 structure jaggy, is convenient to install;
Figure 26 represents and adds man-hour prefabricated panel 15 is prefabricated, and topping 15-8 joint connecting structure figure, according to requirements, also can select the structures such as Figure 11, Figure 13, Figure 17.
Figure 27 is that prefabricated panel 15 seam is positioned at major structure of construction 10 outside, arranges and sockets part 2, socket part 2 the inner and major structure of construction 10 anchoring, socket part 2 outer end and exterior cover sheets 15-8-1 connection diagram at seam crossing;
Figure 28 is embodiment 12 slip assembled energy-saving body of wall alien invasion installation drawing;
Figure 29 is the wall body vertical sectional drawing that Figure 28 is positioned at structure supporting parts 1-1 place;
Figure 30 Figure 29 node D drawing;
Figure 31 is that prefabricated panel 15 alien invasion of embodiment 14 individual layer self-supporting assembled energy-saving body of wall arranges schematic diagram, and window is provided with reinforcing bar;
Figure 32 is the individual layer self-supporting assembled energy-saving body of wall horizontal sectional drawing of embodiment 14;
Figure 33 is the individual layer self-supporting assembled energy-saving wall body vertical sectional drawing of embodiment 14, and inside and outside body of wall, both sides are prefabricated panels topping, also illustrate and light thermal-insulating roof structure sectional drawing;
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment one: see Fig. 1 ~ Fig. 5, a kind of assembled energy-saving body of wall of present embodiment, it is made up of major structure of construction 10, prefabricated panel 15; Described major structure of construction 10 is slab column wall and basis, major structure of construction 10 is various frame construction, as concrete frame structure, steel reinforced concrete frame structure, frame structure, steel framed structure, the combination frame structure of concrete and steel, encased structures (comprising in round steel pipe concreting in concreting or rectangular steel pipe), steel wood frame construction, bamboo wood frame construction, or be solid-walled structure; The connecting structure of described assembled energy-saving body of wall and major structure of construction 10 is:
Prefabricated panel 15 is placed in the beam column of major structure of construction 10, load bearing wall side, prefabricated panel 15 and major structure of construction 10 side are fixed; Connect between prefabricated panel 15, form a kind of assembled energy-saving body of wall installing prefabricated panel 15 in major structure of construction 10 side;
Described prefabricated panel 15 is compound precast heated board, and the compound precast heated board of present embodiment is light prefabricated warming plate 15; Or prefabricated panel 15 is wooden frame warming plate;
Described compound precast heated board 15 is made up of insulation layer 15-3, topping 15-8, and insulation layer 15-3 is connected with topping 15-8; Topping 15-8 comprises exterior cover sheets 15-8-1, internal protection layer 15-8-2;
Described insulation layer 15-3 is inorganic heat insulation material or organic insulation material, or be inorganic heat insulation material and organic insulation material mixed material etc. all can as the material of insulation layer, as polymer thermal insulative material (EPS plate, XPS plate, PU plate, PF plate), gas concrete (gas concrete arrangement of reinforcement or not arrangement of reinforcement), foam cement (is also foamed concrete, foam concrete), rice husk concrete, haydite or pumice stone concrete (haydite or pumice stone concrete both heat insulating materials, may also be topping), or be flyash, the light heat insulation material of cement etc. and the compounds such as benzene plate particle, and honeycomb card board, honeycomb aluminum, mineral wool (rock wool, glass silk flosssilk wadding, alumina silicate heat-preservation cotton plate etc.), thermal insulation mortar, kieselguhr, expanded vermiculite, foamed glass, foamed ceramic plate, glue powder polyphenyl particle etc., ribs can be established or be not provided with ribs in described prefabricated panel 15 edge or insulation layer 15-3, apertured hole or be not provided with hole in insulation layer 15-3,
When described prefabricated panel 15 is light prefabricated warming plate 15, the insulation layer 15-3 of light prefabricated warming plate 15 is made up of 2 kinds of heat insulating materials or multiple heat insulating material, if insulation layer 15-3 is that the composite heat-insulating layer flameproof effect of inorganic heat insulation material and organic insulation material is good, energy-saving heat preserving is effective; Insulation layer 15-3 is divided into base insulating layer 15-3-2, external insulation layer 15-3-1, or also has other position insulation layer 15-3-3 (as moderate soak layer 15-3-3), sees Fig. 5; Or the base insulating layer 15-3-2 of exposed surface has the base insulating layer 15-3-2 at internal protection layer 15-8-2 position to be different heat insulating material from indoor; The base insulating layer 15-3-2 of described light prefabricated warming plate 15 is satisfied certain fire endurance, has the light inorganic heat preserving material of some strength; Such as aerated concrete panel, cement board, rice husk concrete plate etc.; Be not provided with ribs in the insulation layer 15-3 of described light prefabricated warming plate 15 or be only provided with ribs topping 15-8-5 at door and window mouth, seeing Figure 18; The rigidity of the light prefabricated warming plate of present embodiment can be met, and just there is no need to arrange ribs; When not requiring hole heat insulation break bridge structure, door and window mouth can arrange ribs;
The topping 15-8 of described prefabricated panel 15 is prefabricated panels topping, as fiber reinforced cement board (comprising cement fibrolite plate or calcium silicate board), or is shaving board, stalk board, vermiculite board, oriented strand board, metal sheet etc.; Or described topping 15-8 is plaster skin coat (comprises the topping of building machinery equipment roll extrusion and being formed, should contain the net 5 of tension, or have the anti-folding materials such as glass fiber in plaster skin coat), or be the composite bed of prefabricated panels and plaster skin coat; According to local climate condition, material condition, which kind of material the base insulating layer 15-3-2 selected, external insulation layer 15-3-1 are, how the prefabricated factor determination topping kind such as easy to process.
Or described light prefabricated warming plate 15 insulation layer 15-3 is a kind of inorganic heat insulation material, or be a kind of inorganic heat insulation material and the mixed material (as benzene plate particle mixes with glue, cement etc.) of organic insulation material, if insulation layer 15-3 is a kind of heat insulating material of aerated concrete panel, arrangement of reinforcement or not arrangement of reinforcement in gas concrete, in the inner side of aerated concrete panel, outside matcoveredn 15-8; Described topping 15-8 is prefabricated panels topping, or is the composite bed of prefabricated panels and plaster skin coat; Although insulation layer all uses inorganic heat insulation material good fireproof, there is the problem described in background technology, apply time unless necessary, as Figure 20 ~ Figure 22.If base insulating layer 15-3-2 is aerated concrete panel, external insulation layer 15-3-1 is that polymer thermal insulative material is as EPS plate; Or be inorganic heat insulation material rock cotton board, see Figure 20, Figure 21;
Illustrate the advantage of present embodiment:
When example 1, insulation layer 15-3 are made up of 2 kinds or multiple heat insulating material, different heat insulating material advantage can be played, avoid its shortcoming: as EPS plate good heat insulation, good springiness, also there is the performance of recovery in certain deformation range, by itself and aerated concrete panel compound, good rigidity, also can make prefabricated panel not easy fracture.
Example 2, insulation layer 15-3 be a kind of inorganic heat insulation material as aerated concrete panel time; fiber reinforced cement board topping is all installed in inner side and outer side; by gap between aerated concrete panel time prefabricated; and protective layer used to aerated concrete panel and prefabricated panels cement polymer mortar is bondd (or adding fire retardant or bonding with Waterproof gum by embodiment six); common quality defect described in background technology can be avoided; improve workmanship, increase body of wall energy-saving heat preserving effect, reduce wet trade.
Embodiment two: the difference of present embodiment and embodiment one is, exterior cover sheets 15-8-1, the internal protection layer 15-8-2 of the prefabricated panel 15 of present embodiment are different materials, or exterior cover sheets 15-8-1, internal protection layer 15-8-2 are different-thickness;
The insulation layer 15-3 of described light prefabricated warming plate 15 is a kind of heat insulating material, or is 2 kinds of heat insulating materials or multiple heat insulating material; Described prefabricated panel 15 is compound prefabricated panel, or is non-composite type prefabricated panel.
Example 1, external insulation layer 15-3-1 are EPS plate, base insulating layer 15-3-2 is aerated concrete panel, and exterior cover sheets 15-8-1 is fiber reinforced cement board, and internal protection layer 15-8-2 is floated coat folder net, is formed with net and plasters topping, see Figure 20, Figure 22; Or internal protection layer 15-8-2 is the composite bed of prefabricated panels and plaster skin coat.
Example 2, Figure 21 insulation layer 15-3 are a kind of heat insulating material of rock cotton board, and exterior cover sheets 15-8-1, internal protection layer 15-8-2 are different-thickness;
Non-composite type precast heated board and one-shot forming precast heated board, as cement etc. and the warming plates mixing and build that bond such as benzene plate particle, new material emerges in an endless stream, and must also have other one-shot forming precast heated board.
Embodiment three: see Fig. 3 ~ Fig. 5, the difference of present embodiment and embodiment one or two is, present embodiment installs prefabricated panel also increases crab-bolt 20, basic matterial 9; By crab-bolt 20 through prefabricated panel 15, prefabricated panel 15 is fixed on the side of major structure of construction 10; Described crab-bolt 20 is nailing plastic crab-bolt or is nailing shaped steel crab-bolt, or is the crab-bolt of bar planting bond-anchorage, and pre-buried crab-bolt etc.;
Basic matterial 9 anticorrosion is injected (as with cement polymer mortar in the sleeve pipe of crab-bolt 20, or outer end blocks with heat insulating material again, just can ensure that durable years is not less than 50 years, very convenient, price is low), protection crab-bolt 20 in nailing or other steel connector meet life requirement;
Or between prefabricated panel 15 with major structure of construction 10, also use cementitious materials bonding, or/and be connected together by non-burnishing surface between the major structure of construction 10 of prefabricated panel 15 and cast-in-situ concrete, see and be connected together between Fig. 5 prefabricated panel local and post;
The insulation layer 15-3 of described light prefabricated warming plate 15 is a kind of heat insulating material; Or be 2 kinds of heat insulating materials or multiple heat insulating material; The topping 15-8 of described prefabricated panel 15 is prefabricated panels topping, or described topping 15-8 is plaster skin coat, or is the composite bed of prefabricated panels and plaster skin coat;
Exterior cover sheets 15-8-1, the internal protection layer 15-8-2 of described light prefabricated warming plate 15 are different materials, or are same material, or exterior cover sheets 15-8-1, internal protection layer 15-8-2 are different-thickness, or are same thickness;
Or described prefabricated panel 15 is heavy precast heated board 15, sees Figure 23, is ordinary concrete layer or light weight aggregate concrete inside heavy precast heated board, outside is heat insulating material; Or be non-composite type precast heated board, see Figure 22; Or prefabricated panel 15 is when being heavy precast heated board 15, prefabricated panel 15 internal protection layer 15-8 there is ironware to substitute crab-bolt 20 prefabricated panel 15 is connected with major structure of construction 10 in indoor; Or not only connect with ironware but also connect by crab-bolt 20.Indoor concreting layer is as during topping being exactly heavy precast heated board, and concrete can be ordinary concrete, or is light weight aggregate concrete.
When major structure of construction is formerly formed, recommend by nailing plastic crab-bolt, accompanying drawing of the present invention all represents employing nailing plastic crab-bolt.During using light prefabricated warming plate 15 as the template of the major structure of construction 10 of cast-in-situ concrete, light prefabricated warming plate 15 should conveniently be connected with base course wall 1 or major structure of construction 10 by the structure of crab-bolt 20.When insulation layer 15-3 is non-alkaline material, should plastic anchor bolt be adopted, otherwise high with stainless steel valency, also increase heat transfer.
Embodiment four: Fig. 1 ~ Fig. 3, Figure 24, the difference of one of present embodiment and embodiment one ~ tri-is, present embodiment increases structure supporting parts 1-1; Structure supporting parts 1-1 is arranged on the side of major structure of construction 10, and described structure supporting parts 1-1 is major structure of construction 10 extension in the horizontal direction; Described structure supporting parts 1-1 be local arrange or for along building border arrange, as local or border arrange concrete cornice, be floor or based on base plate, be steel truss support or coagulation ± Cantilever Beams; Or described structure supporting parts 1-1 is metal supporting parts (as being angle steel), or be wood or the cornicing of bamboo (being cornicing of wood or bamboo when being applied to wood, bamboo structure, also available metal supporting parts);
Or structure supporting parts 1-1 also support prefabricated panel 15 (mostly being support wall between windows or support assembled heat insulation balcony fence); When described structure supporting parts 1-1 is for locally arranging, prefabricated panel 15 is provided with breach, and the position of breach is corresponding with the position of structure supporting parts 1-1.
The insulation layer 15-3 of described light prefabricated warming plate 15 is a kind of heat insulating material; Or be 2 kinds of heat insulating materials or multiple heat insulating material; Exterior cover sheets 15-8-1, the internal protection layer 15-8-2 of described light prefabricated warming plate 15 are different materials, or are same material, or exterior cover sheets 15-8-1, internal protection layer 15-8-2 are different-thickness or are same thickness;
Or described prefabricated panel 15 is heavy precast heated board 15, or it is non-composite type precast heated board; Or prefabricated panel 15 is when being heavy precast heated board 15, prefabricated panel 15 internal protection layer 15-8 there is ironware to substitute crab-bolt 20 prefabricated panel 15 is connected with major structure of construction 10 in indoor; Or not only connect with ironware but also connect by crab-bolt 20.
Applicant has had in publication technology steel truss to support or concrete hanging top, and see Figure 24, this component vertical direction is long, horizontal direction is short, for hanging vertical reinforcing bar, and inconvenient support prefabricated panel 15, do not recommend to adopt, recommend to select local to cornice as structure supporting parts 1-1.
Embodiment five: the difference of one of present embodiment and embodiment one ~ seven is, present embodiment prefabricated panels topping substitutes net 5 tension of reinforcing bar or alternative tension or also substitutes pressure zone concrete compression (under the alternating action of positive wine pressure, negative blast with prefabricated panels topping, prefabricated panels topping is tension, sometimes pressurized sometimes), and increase reinforcing bar; Prefabricated panels topping is positioned at the both sides of prefabricated panel 15, sees Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 7 ~ Fig. 9, Figure 21; Or prefabricated panels topping is positioned at outside or the inner side of prefabricated panel 15, by the side in prefabricated panels topping topping 15-8-1 mounted externally or internal protection layer 15-8-2, opposite side is the topping 15-8 that plasters, the net 5 of tension is positioned at another side and plasters topping 15-8 or surperficial, sees Fig. 5, Figure 20, Figure 22; The net 5 of described tension is Alkali-resisting fiberglass mesh, wire lath or be basalt fibre net etc.; Or be heavy precast heated board, inner side topping is the net 5 that armored concrete does not need tension, sees Figure 23;
The prefabricated panels topping adopted, should have according to determining that its intensity can meet design requirement;
Reinforcing bar comprises outdoor reinforcing bar 6, indoor reinforcing bar 7, sockets steel wire 2-1; Different according to facade, reinforcement installation has following structure:
1), window be general rectangular window or the window having circular arc time, see Fig. 1, Fig. 2, outdoor reinforcing bar 6 comprises outdoor vertical reinforcing bar 6-1, outdoor horizontal reinforcing bar or arch steel 6-2; Indoor reinforcing bar 7 comprises indoor vertical reinforcing bar 7-1, indoor horizontal reinforcing bar or arch steel 7-2;
When the main Impact direction of assembled energy-saving body of wall is vertical direction, outdoor vertical reinforcing bar 6-1, indoor vertical reinforcing bar 7-1 termination are connected with structure supporting parts 1-1 outer end and inner root respectively, or indoor vertical reinforcing bar 7-1 is connected with major structure of construction 10; Outdoor horizontal reinforcing bar or arch steel 6-2 are connected with the outdoor vertical reinforcing bar 6-1 in both sides, and indoor horizontal reinforcing bar or arch steel 7-2 are connected with the indoor vertical reinforcing bar 7-1 in both sides;
When the main Impact direction of assembled energy-saving body of wall is horizontal direction, outdoor horizontal reinforcing bar 6-2, indoor horizontal reinforcing bar 7-2 termination are connected with structure supporting parts 1-1 outer end and inner root respectively, or indoor horizontal reinforcing bar 7-2 is connected with major structure of construction 10; Outdoor vertical reinforcing bar 6-1 is connected with outdoor horizontal reinforcing bar 6-2, and indoor vertical reinforcing bar 7-1 is connected with indoor horizontal reinforcing bar 7-2; Floor height is less than post distance more, therefore the vertical direction of most cases assembled energy-saving body of wall is main Impact direction; Only when close post, floor height are greater than post distance, horizontal direction is only the main Impact direction of assembled energy-saving body of wall, and this situation seldom occurs;
Or outdoor reinforcing bar 6, indoor reinforcing bar 7 are anchored at (do not establish structure supporting parts 1-1 can install reinforcing bar by this structure, this structure is all applicable to various Impact direction) in indoor and outdoor basic matterial topping 8-3;
The insulation layer 15-3 of prefabricated panel 15 is jagged, sees Fig. 7, Fig. 9 etc., reinforcement installation in breach, the template that topping 15-8 plasters as basic matterial topping around reinforcing bar; Or insulation layer 15-3 non-notch, reinforcement installation, in the outside of prefabricated panel 15 indoor and outdoor topping 15-8, is shown in Figure 19;
2), window and assembled energy-saving body of wall be when being the moulding of vertical bar alien invasion (not having breast), and namely outdoor reinforcing bar 6 is outdoor vertical reinforcing bar 6-1, namely indoor reinforcing bar 7 is indoor vertical reinforcing bar 7-1;
Outdoor vertical reinforcing bar 6-1, indoor vertical reinforcing bar 7-1 termination are connected with the outer end of structure supporting parts 1-1 and inner root respectively, or indoor vertically reinforcing bar 7-1 is connected with major structure of construction 10; Or outdoor vertical reinforcing bar 6-1, indoor vertical reinforcing bar 7-1 are anchored in indoor and outdoor basic matterial topping 8-3;
The insulation layer 15-3 of prefabricated panel 15 is jagged, the template that topping 15-8 plasters as basic matterial topping around reinforcing bar, and reinforcement installation is in breach; Or insulation layer 15-3 non-notch, reinforcement installation is in the outside of prefabricated panel 15 indoor and outdoor topping 15-8;
3), window and assembled energy-saving body of wall be when being the moulding of horizontal line alien invasion, has 2 kinds of situations:
A, assembled energy-saving body of wall are take two side columns as the one-way slabs of bearing, and namely outdoor reinforcing bar 6 is outdoor horizontal reinforcing bar 6-2, and namely indoor reinforcing bar 7 is indoor horizontal reinforcing bar 7-2 (namely not having the wall between windows between the window of left and right);
Outdoor horizontal reinforcing bar 6-2, indoor horizontal reinforcing bar about 7-2 two ends are connected with structure supporting parts 1-1 outer end and inner root respectively, or indoor horizontal reinforcing bar about 7-2 two ends are connected with major structure of construction 10;
B, assembled energy-saving body of wall are take floor as the outrigger base (as Fabricated balcony breast board) of bearing, and the Impact direction of assembled energy-saving body of wall is vertical direction; Outdoor reinforcing bar 6, indoor reinforcing bar 7 can not be set, or outdoor vertical reinforcing bar 6-1, indoor vertical reinforcing bar 7-1 are set at prefabricated panel seam crossing;
Outdoor vertical reinforcing bar 6-1, indoor vertical reinforcing bar 7-1 are connected with the structure supporting parts 1-1 outer end that floor is installed and inner root respectively, or indoor vertical reinforcing bar 7-1 is connected with major structure of construction 10; Distinguish installation room outer horizontal reinforcement 6-2, indoor horizontal reinforcing bar 7-2 up and down at the assembled energy-saving body of wall (as Fabricated balcony breast board) of horizontal line, be connected with outdoor vertical reinforcing bar 6-1, indoor vertical reinforcing bar 7-1;
Installation sockets steel wire 2-1 as stirrup; Socket steel wire 2-1 outdoor reinforcing bar 6 is socketed with indoor reinforcing bar 7;
Sum up 1) ~ 3) structure: assembled energy-saving body of wall arranges main steel bar stress along main Impact direction, and other direction arranges secondary steel bar stress; Be positioned at outdoor, indoor main steel bar stress is connected with structure supporting parts 1-1 outer end and inner root respectively, or the main steel bar stress of indoor is connected with major structure of construction 10; Secondary steel bar stress is connected with main steel bar stress, sockets steel wire 2-1 and socket between outdoor reinforcing bar 6, indoor reinforcing bar 7; Recommendation selects this to construct; Or outdoor reinforcing bar 6, indoor reinforcing bar 7 are anchored in indoor and outdoor basic matterial topping 8-3;
Reinforcing bar is positioned at the breach of prefabricated panel 15 insulation layer 15-3, or is arranged on the outside of prefabricated panel 15 indoor and outdoor topping 15-8; Or described prefabricated panel 15 is not provided with breach, in the height or width range of the structure supporting parts 1-1 of local setting, insulation layer 15-3, exterior cover sheets 15-8-1 are installed, reinforcing bar is interconnected, mounting strap after being formed, as the rear mounting strap of late poured band, insulation layer, exterior cover sheets;
Or also having connecting reinforcement 7-3, prefabricated panel 15 seam crossing outside major structure of construction 10, beam column, the shear wall of connecting reinforcement 7-3 and major structure of construction 10 are connected, and be connected by rear mounting strap, see Figure 23 with major structure of construction 10; Can bar planting or pre-buried installation connecting reinforcement 7-3;
Described reinforcing bar is single steel bar, or is bi-steel arranged side by side, establishes reinforcing bar or steel plate or block shaped steel to connect between bi-steel arranged side by side; When exterior wall has a hanger, connecting steel part need be connected with steel plate or block shaped steel;
The insulation layer 15-3 of described light prefabricated warming plate 15 is a kind of heat insulating material; Or be 2 kinds of heat insulating materials or multiple heat insulating material; Exterior cover sheets 15-8-1, the internal protection layer 15-8-2 of described light prefabricated warming plate 15 are different materials, or are same material, or exterior cover sheets 15-8-1, internal protection layer 15-8-2 are different-thickness or are same thickness;
Or described prefabricated panel 15 is heavy precast heated board 15, or it is non-composite type precast heated board; Or prefabricated panel 15 is when being heavy precast heated board 15, prefabricated panel 15 internal protection layer 15-8 there is ironware to substitute crab-bolt 20 prefabricated panel 15 is connected with major structure of construction 10 in indoor; Or not only connect with ironware but also connect by crab-bolt 20.
Present embodiments provide for the installation constitution of reinforcing bar during different alien invasion moulding, reinforcing bar can be connected with structure supporting parts, also can be anchored in basic matterial topping, recommends reinforcing bar to be connected with structure supporting parts.
When outdoor reinforcing bar 6, indoor reinforcing bar 7 are bi-steel arranged side by side, prefabricated thermal insulation batten 15-1 can be set, or install respectively, steel wire 2-1 will be socketed and connect in outside.Prefabricated thermal insulation batten 15-1 essence is also prefabricated panel, and just width is narrow, conveniently installs bi-steel arranged side by side, is pre-installed in by bi-steel arranged side by side in prefabricated thermal insulation batten 15-1, plasters wet trade in minimizing scene.
By present embodiment, Design of Bearing Capacity calculating can be carried out with structure fomula to assembled energy-saving body of wall, meet structure design security requirement; Instead of light-duty filled wall as stated in the Background Art, do not carry out structure fomula calculating for these years, poor stability.Following situation needs to take present embodiment:
When 1, meeting the requirement of structural limits Design of State, and when door and window hole takes heat insulation break bridge structure, need to be provided with reinforcing bar on the sorrowful limit of door and window hole, increase hole side weak part anti-bending bearing capacity.And conveniently window is installed, be arranged on by window on the insulation layer of hole, the connection steel disc of door and window interlocks and to be connected and fixed with the steel disc on the indoor and outdoor reinforcing bar of hole.
2, when hanger installed by exterior wall, install vertical reinforcing bar at prefabricated panel seam crossing, ironware installed by reinforcing bar, the connection steel part of hanger is connected with the steel part on the vertical reinforcing bar in outdoor, meets exterior wall and installs hanger requirement.
The exterior wall of balcony, family spaced heat wall and have the external wall of high-rise building of podium below, balcony slab or floor are exactly structure supporting parts 1-1, and prefabricated panel is arranged on balcony slab, or is arranged on floor.
Embodiment six: see Fig. 7 ~ Figure 17, Figure 25, Figure 26, the difference of one of present embodiment and embodiment one ~ five is, present embodiment also increases following fire prevention measure, needs to select according to use:
1), setting sockets part 2; Socket part 2 and be provided with following several mode, select according to use needs:
1., socket part 2 exterior cover sheets 15-8-1 is connected with structure supporting parts 1-1; As socketed part 2 for steel plate strip, see Fig. 6;
2., socket part 2 the inner to be connected (as being connected with aerated concrete panel) with the base insulating layer 15-3-2 of light prefabricated warming plate 15, or be connected (as being connected with concrete inside heavy precast heated board with internal protection layer 15-8-2, or be connected with inner side prefabricated panels topping), or be connected with major structure of construction 10, see Figure 27, or and bar connecting; Socket part 2 outer end to be connected with exterior cover sheets 15-8-1;
As socketed part 2 for steel disc, reinforcing bar 6 is connected with exterior cover sheets 15-8-1 by steel disc, or socket that steel wire 2-1 is double sockets part 2, reinforcing bar 6 is connected with exterior cover sheets 15-8-1, see Fig. 4, Fig. 9, Figure 19, exterior cover sheets 15-8-1 holes, steel wire 2-1 will be socketed and connect through exterior cover sheets 15-8-1;
3., between adjacent external topping 15-8-1, seam crossing arranges and sockets part 2, socket part 2 adjacent external topping 15-8-1 is connected, such as socket the grooved steel sheet bar that part 2 is Figure 16, steel sheet bar both can play and socketed by contiguous prefabricated wallboard 15, a certain piece of external insulation layer 15-8-1 is avoided to come off, steel sheet is adaptive deformation again, sees Figure 17;
Exterior cover sheets 15-8-1 can be avoided to come off when this structure catches fire to cause danger, cause fire spread.
2) fire prevention measure of heavy seal coat 15-8-1, see Fig. 7 ~ Figure 17:
Fire proofing material 15-8-3 is installed in the seam inside of topping 15-8-1, or/and thickeied by the topping 15-8-1 along seam crossing, or/and along brushing fireproof paint outside seam, see Figure 10 ~ Figure 13, Figure 26 node enlarged drawing; Or in the inner side of the topping 15-8-1 seam of side precast heated board 15, overlap joint prefabricated panels band is installed, overlap joint as fire proofing material 15-8-3, is shown in Figure 14 ~ Figure 17, Figure 26 with prefabricated panels band; Or/and smear adhesive powder-polystyrene granule thermal insulation mortar on topping 15-8-1 surface;
Recommend the structure adopting Figure 10 ~ Figure 13, install simple, and polymer thermal insulative layer such as the EPS plate melted when the intensity of a fire is larger becomes gas, the gas of gasification can be run out along seam, the topping 15-8-1 of prefabricated panels can not be made to burst, cause fire spread; If smear adhesive powder-polystyrene granule thermal insulation mortar at topping 15-8-1, heat is difficult to enter in insulation layer, can prevent fires by heavy seal coat further; The seam of topping 15-8 had both comprised the prefabricated seam adding topping 15-8 in man-hour of prefabricated panel 15, also comprised seam when prefabricated panel is installed, saw Figure 26;
3) or in the cross section of the insulation layer 15-3 of prefabricated panel 15 or/and inner surface also has internal protection layer 15-8-2-1, insulation layer 15-3 cross section is increased or/and inner surface fire resistance property; Such as can brushing fireproof paint, Waterproof gum, smear heat preservation slurry or with flameproof fabric parcel etc. as internal protection layer 15-8-2-1, see Figure 25; Or fire barrier (during organic insulation material) is also had in insulation layer 15-3; Adopt B2 level heat insulating material by this measure, heat insulating material cost can be reduced, particularly build passive type energy saving house insulation layer very thick time significantly reduce cost, and around prefabricated panel 15 self-assembling formation fire barrier;
4), at crab-bolt 20 external end head install fire proofing material 20-1, crab-bolt 20 fireproof performance having fire proofing material 20-1 to cover is not less than the fireproof performance of exterior cover sheets 15-8-1, sees Fig. 4, Fig. 5; When crab-bolt 20 is plastic anchor bolt, the plastic anchor bolt above hole or in vertical side certain limit should adopt this fire prevention measure, the prefabricated panels topping that local is cut away can be installed to outside crab-bolt again and cover;
5), reinforced door window side insulation layer fire protection construction:
The exterior cover sheets 15-8-1 of door thereabout prefabricated panel 15 is widened, the topping of door window side insulation layer 15-3-4 is prefabricated panels topping 15-8-4, see Fig. 4, Fig. 9, Figure 19, by fixing between door and window mouth side prefabricated panels topping 15-8-4 and the exterior cover sheets 15-8-1 of the positive facade of assembled energy-saving body of wall (fixing as pasted and adding to follow closely); Vertical side insulation layer 15-3-4 is had in exterior cover sheets 15-8-1, cavity between door window side prefabricated panels topping 15-8-4 and doorframe and window frame; Recommend vertical side insulation layer 15-3-4 for the insulation of boring polyurathamc, reduce hole periphery wet trade, easy construction, and increase vertical side insulation layer fire safety;
6), different parts exterior cover sheets 15-8-1 thickness is different; Thickness as the prefabricated panel 15 exterior cover sheets 15-8-1 of wall on window is greater than the thickness of the exterior cover sheets 15-8-1 of wall between windows prefabricated panel 15;
7), with cementitious materials and nail, the net 5 of tension is fixed with exterior cover sheets 15-8-1; Or the net 5 of tension and reinforcing bar 6 colligation; Or fix with structure supporting parts 1-1, contiguous prefabricated wallboard 15 connects by the net 5 of tension; This is configured in the net of tension when catching fire and stops exterior cover sheets 15-8-1, and exterior cover sheets 15-8-1 can be avoided to come off.When setting sockets part 2, this measure can be adopted.
8), the insulation layer 15-3-3 at assembled energy-saving body of wall heat-insulating bridge-cut-off hole is the heat insulating material meeting fire protection requirement, as hole alumina silicate fireproof heated board or foamed ceramic etc., sees Fig. 4, Fig. 9, Figure 17;
9), the bonding adhesive of described bonding topping 15-8 is the polymer adhesive having fire retardant, or is inorganic fire glue;
The topping 15-8 bonding adhesive distance burning things which may cause a fire disaster bonding with inner side insulation layer is near, therefore bonding adhesive fireproof performance should be got well;
The insulation layer 15-3 of described light prefabricated warming plate 15 is a kind of heat insulating material; Or be 2 kinds of heat insulating materials or multiple heat insulating material; The topping 15-8 of described prefabricated panel 15 is prefabricated panels topping, or described topping 15-8 is plaster skin coat, or is the composite bed of prefabricated panels and plaster skin coat;
Or the insulation layer 15-3 of described light prefabricated warming plate 15 is a kind of inorganic heat insulation material, or it is the mixed material of a kind of inorganic heat insulation material and organic insulation material; Described topping 15-8 is prefabricated panels topping, or is the composite bed of prefabricated panels and plaster skin coat.
Exterior cover sheets 15-8-1, the internal protection layer 15-8-2 of described light prefabricated warming plate 15 are different materials, or are same material, or exterior cover sheets 15-8-1, internal protection layer 15-8-2 are different-thickness or are same thickness;
Or described prefabricated panel 15 is heavy precast heated board 15, or it is non-composite type precast heated board; Or prefabricated panel 15 is when being heavy precast heated board 15, prefabricated panel 15 internal protection layer 15-8 there is ironware to substitute crab-bolt 20 prefabricated panel 15 is connected with major structure of construction 10 in indoor; Or not only connect with ironware but also connect by crab-bolt 20.
Embodiment seven: the difference of present embodiment and embodiment six or seven is, present embodiment installs the structure supporting parts 1-1 that local is arranged, and determines that crab-bolt 20 installation site adopts following mounting method:
1), when the concrete formwork of major structure of construction 10, in the installation site of template inside structure supporting parts 1-1, the interim occupying plate of a slice is installed, such as interim occupying plate is plank thin slice, EPS plate thin slice, usual 20mm is thick, and interim occupying plate should avoid the reinforcing bar in major structure of construction; Dismantled by interim occupying plate when form removal, concrete side just has a recessed position, can install the structure supporting parts 1-1 of local in recess bar planting;
2), when the concrete formwork of major structure of construction 10, may install the position of crab-bolt 20 inside template, install the interim occupying plate of a slice, such as interim occupying plate is three-ply board thin slice, usual 2 ~ 3mm is thick, and interim occupying plate should hide out the reinforcing bar in major structure of construction; Dismantled by interim occupying plate when form removal, concrete side just has a recessed position, when installing prefabricated panel 15 by crab-bolt 20, should install crab-bolt 20 in recessed position;
The insulation layer 15-3 of described light prefabricated warming plate 15 is a kind of heat insulating material; Or be 2 kinds of heat insulating materials or multiple heat insulating material; Exterior cover sheets 15-8-1, the internal protection layer 15-8-2 of described light prefabricated warming plate 15 are different materials, or are same material, or exterior cover sheets 15-8-1, internal protection layer 15-8-2 are different-thickness or are same thickness;
Or described prefabricated panel 15 is heavy precast heated board 15, or it is non-composite type precast heated board; Or prefabricated panel 15 is when being heavy precast heated board 15, prefabricated panel 15 internal protection layer 15-8 there is ironware to substitute crab-bolt 20 prefabricated panel 15 is connected with major structure of construction 10 in indoor; Or not only connect with ironware but also connect by crab-bolt 20.
The advantage of present embodiment: do not destroy concrete blinding when 1) installing partial structurtes supporting parts 1-1, formwork is convenient; And the shear strength in anchor of the partial structurtes supporting parts 1-1 of after-pouring and major structure of construction concrete joint face is good, safe and reliable, can not get on the reinforcing bar in major structure of construction concrete.2), when installing prefabricated panel, it is more that crab-bolt installs quantity, and crab-bolt can not bump against with the reinforcing bar in major structure of construction concrete.
Embodiment eight: see Fig. 7 ~ Fig. 9, Figure 22, the difference of one of present embodiment and embodiment one ~ seven is, between present embodiment prefabricated panel 15, the mutual jam-packed of the seam crossing of insulation layer 15-3 installs (being applicable to the heat insulating material of certain compressibilty), or in seam, installation pasted by brushing adhesive stick; Or the cross section of seam is formed with the shape being beneficial to and intercepting air leakage.If any groove that is protruding or indentation, groove that is protruding or indentation is mutually corresponding to be arranged, or section is formed stepped, or section is that oblique angle overlaps mutually.
The mutual jam-packed of seam crossing of insulation layer 15-3 is installed, or the cross section of seam is formed with the shape being beneficial to and intercepting air leakage, and the impact of gap on insulation is little, is conducive to body of wall energy-saving heat preserving.
Embodiment nine: see Figure 11 ~ Figure 17, the difference of one of present embodiment and embodiment one ~ eight is, when seam between present embodiment prefabricated panel 15 topping 15-8 is positioned at frame construction hole, bonding by resilient glue material 40 between prefabricated panel 15 seam crossing topping 15-8; Described resilient glue material 40 has tensile strength, can transmission capacity, also has the ability adapting to certain distortion, forms a kind of elastic water-proof seam, particularly can adapt to the ability of being out of shape under temperature action.Such as resilient glue material 40 is water cure polyurethane, or is cement polymer elastic mortar, and resilient glue material 40 should meet local minimum temperature requirement;
When having major structure of construction 10 or filled wall inside the seam between prefabricated panel 15 topping 15-8, topping 15-8 seam can use resilient glue material 40, or bonding with elastic sealant sealing, and elastic sealant does not have the effect of transmission internal force.Elastic sealant distortion is large, and do not have tensile strength, the effect of elastic sealant is:
1), can't see crack in appearance; 2), there is waterproof, windbreak function.
The insulation layer 15-3 of described light prefabricated warming plate 15 is a kind of heat insulating material; Or be 2 kinds of heat insulating materials or multiple heat insulating material; Exterior cover sheets 15-8-1, the internal protection layer 15-8-2 of described light prefabricated warming plate 15 are different materials, or are same material, or exterior cover sheets 15-8-1, internal protection layer 15-8-2 are different-thickness or are same thickness;
Or described prefabricated panel 15 is heavy precast heated board 15, or it is non-composite type precast heated board; Or prefabricated panel 15 is when being heavy precast heated board 15, prefabricated panel 15 internal protection layer 15-8 there is ironware to substitute crab-bolt 20 prefabricated panel 15 is connected with major structure of construction 10 in indoor; Or not only connect with ironware but also connect by crab-bolt 20.
After assembled energy-saving body of wall of the present invention is all installed, if coatings decoration, water-repellent paint should be smeared on outside prefabricated panels topping levelling, increase the water resistance of prefabricated panels topping, extend durable years.
Embodiment ten: the difference of one of present embodiment and embodiment one ~ nine is, present embodiment installs high barrier plastic sheeting or composite plastic film on the topping 15-8 of assembled energy-saving body of wall.As (PET ∥ AL) polyester and foil laminated film, PVDC (Vingon) film, EVOH (ethylene/vinyl alcohol copolymer) film etc.Aluminium foil wherein in (PET ∥ AL) also has reflected infrared ray function
The inner side of heating districts assembled energy-saving body of wall, summer thermally district's assembled energy-saving body of wall outside (during curtain wall decoration) install (PET ∥ AL) film, can existing high barrier, have reflected infrared ray function again.Can be pasted on topping by film, aluminium foil surface should towards thermal source direction.
When prefabricated panels surface layer is installed in assembling indoor; the gypsum stud of available thickness 20 ~ 30mm; meet the requirement of electrical equipment threading; indoor protection layer installs (PET ∥ AL) film; heating districts Winter protection layer moisture content can be made very low; insulation layer coefficient of thermal conductivity can be reduced, increase energy-saving heat preserving effect.Present embodiment, for low-energy building, is particularly built passive type energy saving house minimizing heat waste and is played an important role.
Embodiment 11: the difference of present embodiment and above embodiment is, the indoor of assembled energy-saving body of wall prefabricated panel 15 builds light-weight filled wall by laying bricks or stones., land resources unstrained countries and regions not high to building height, can adopt present embodiment, but generally there is no need.
Embodiment 12: see Figure 28 ~ Figure 30, a kind of assembled energy-saving body of wall of present embodiment, it is made up of major structure of construction 10, structure supporting parts 1-1, prefabricated panel 15 and sliding component 4; Described major structure of construction 10 is slab column wall and basis, major structure of construction 10 is various frame construction, as concrete frame structure, steel reinforced concrete frame structure, frame structure, steel framed structure, the combination frame structure of concrete and steel, encased structures encased structures (comprising in round steel pipe concreting in concreting or rectangular steel pipe), steel wood frame construction, bamboo wood frame construction; Described crab-bolt 20 is steel crab-bolt or plastic anchor bolt, and described crab-bolt is nailing type crab-bolt, or pastes crab-bolt etc. of anchoring for bar planting;
Described structure supporting parts 1-1 is arranged on the side of major structure of construction 10, and structure supporting parts 1-1 is major structure of construction 10 extension in the horizontal direction; Structure supporting parts 1-1 be local arrange or for along building border arrange, as local or border arrange concrete cornice, be floor or based on base plate; Described structure supporting parts 1-1 is metal supporting parts, or is wood or the cornicing of bamboo;
Prefabricated panel 15 is arranged on structure supporting parts 1-1, prefabricated panel 15 described in structure supporting parts 1-1 support;
Being connected with following 2 kinds and constructing between described prefabricated panel 15 and major structure of construction 10, fit applications:
1), prefabricated panel 15 upper end or lower end be connected with the beam slab lateral surface of major structure of construction 10, and form assembled energy-saving body of wall fixed end, the other end is sliding-end; Prefabricated panel 15 is not connected with post or shear wall;
2), the post of prefabricated panel 15 and major structure of construction 10 or shear wall lateral surface be connected, and is provided with elastic expansion joint at post or shear wall side;
Sliding component 4 is positioned on the contact surface of assembled energy-saving body of wall sliding-end and structure supporting parts 1-1;
Sliding component 4 is had in the termination of prefabricated panel 15; Or there is the part of sliding component 4 termination of prefabricated panel 15, the remainder part of sliding component 4 is positioned on structure supporting parts 1-1;
Described sliding component 4 has and does not limit the function of assembled energy-saving body of wall at wall plane intrinsic displacement;
The object arranging sliding component is, under wind load or horizontal earthquake action, relative displacement is there is between assembled energy-saving body of wall sliding-end and fixed end, sliding component moves in the yielding rubber pad of steel chute, and ensureing that sliding-end is positioned at steel chute 4-2, yielding rubber pad all plays cushioning effect in three directions, and assembled energy-saving body of wall is slip, and at the assembled energy-saving body of wall of three direction dampings, see Figure 30;
Described prefabricated panel 15 is compound precast heated board, or is non-composite type precast heated board; Compound precast heated board is light prefabricated warming plate 15, or is heavy precast heated board 15;
Described compound precast heated board comprises insulation layer 15-3, topping 15-8, and insulation layer 15-3 is connected with topping 15-8; Topping 15-8 comprises exterior cover sheets 15-8-1, internal protection layer 15-8-2;
Described insulation layer 15-3 is inorganic heat insulation material or organic insulation material, or be inorganic heat insulation material and organic insulation material mixed material etc. all can as the material of insulation layer, as polymer thermal insulative material (EPS plate, XPS plate, PU plate, PF plate), gas concrete (gas concrete arrangement of reinforcement or not arrangement of reinforcement), foam cement (is also foamed concrete, foam concrete), rice husk concrete, haydite or pumice stone concrete (haydite or pumice stone concrete both heat insulating materials, may also be topping), or be flyash, the light heat insulation material of cement etc. and the compounds such as benzene plate particle, and honeycomb card board, honeycomb aluminum, mineral wool (rock wool, glass silk flosssilk wadding, alumina silicate heat-preservation cotton plate etc.), thermal insulation mortar, kieselguhr, expanded vermiculite, foamed glass, foamed ceramic plate, glue powder polyphenyl particle etc., ribs can be established or be not provided with ribs in described prefabricated panel 15 edge or insulation layer 15-3, apertured hole or be not provided with hole in insulation layer 15-3,
Described topping 15-8 is prefabricated panels topping, as fiber reinforced cement board, or is shaving board, stalk board, vermiculite board, oriented strand board, metal sheet surface layer etc.; Or described topping 15-8 is plaster skin coat (comprises the topping of building machinery equipment roll extrusion and being formed, or contain the net of tension in plaster skin coat), or be the composite bed of prefabricated panels and plaster skin coat;
The assembled energy-saving body of wall of described slip has one of following characteristics and is different from prior art:
1), described compound precast heated board 15 is when being light prefabricated warming plate 15, and the insulation layer 15-3 of light prefabricated warming plate 15 is made up of 2 kinds of heat insulating materials or multiple heat insulating material; Insulation layer is divided into base insulating layer 15-3-2, external insulation layer 15-3-1, or also has other position insulation layer 15-3-3, or the base insulating layer 15-3-2 of exposed surface is different heat insulating material from the base insulating layer 15-3-2 at indoor matcoveredn position; The base insulating layer 15-3-2 of described light prefabricated warming plate 15 is satisfied certain fire endurance, has the light inorganic heat preserving material of some strength; Such as aerated concrete panel, cement board, foamed ceramic plate, foamed glass, rice husk concrete plate etc.; The topping 15-8 of described prefabricated panel 15 is prefabricated panels topping, or described topping 15-8 is plaster skin coat, or is the composite bed of prefabricated panels and plaster skin coat;
Or the insulation layer 15-3 of described light prefabricated warming plate 15 is a kind of inorganic heat insulation material, or it is the mixed material of a kind of inorganic heat insulation material and organic insulation material; Described topping 15-8 is prefabricated panels topping, or is the composite bed of prefabricated panels and plaster skin coat;
2), described prefabricated panel is when being light prefabricated warming plate, and exterior cover sheets 15-8-1, the internal protection layer 15-8-2 of light prefabricated warming plate 15 are different materials, or exterior cover sheets 15-8-1, internal protection layer 15-8-2 are different-thickness;
3), also increase by 20, basic matterial 9; By crab-bolt 20 through prefabricated panel 15, prefabricated panel 15 is fixed on the side of major structure of construction 10; Described crab-bolt 20 is nailing plastic crab-bolt or is nailing shaped steel crab-bolt, or is the crab-bolt of bar planting bond-anchorage, and pre-buried crab-bolt etc.; Basic matterial anticorrosion is injected in the sleeve pipe of crab-bolt 20;
Or between the fixed end of prefabricated panel 15 with major structure of construction 10, also use cementitious materials bonding, or/and be connected together by non-burnishing surface between the major structure of construction 10 of the fixed end of prefabricated panel 15 and cast-in-situ concrete, see and be connected together between Fig. 5 prefabricated panel local and post;
4), with prefabricated panels topping substitute net 5 tension of reinforcing bar or alternative tension, prefabricated panels topping substitutes pressure zone concrete compression, and increases reinforcing bar;
Prefabricated panels topping is positioned at the both sides of prefabricated panel 15, sees Fig. 7 ~ Fig. 9, Figure 21; Or prefabricated panels topping is positioned at outside or the inner side of prefabricated panel 15, by the side of prefabricated panels topping topping 15-8-1 mounted externally or internal protection layer 15-8-2, opposite side is the topping 15-8 that plasters, the net 5 of tension is positioned at another side and plasters topping 15-8 or surperficial, see Fig. 5, Figure 20, Figure 22, the net 5 of described tension be Alkali-resisting fiberglass mesh, wire lath or be basalt fibre net etc.; Or be heavy precast heated board, see Figure 23;
The prefabricated panels topping adopted, should have standard to specify or test determines that its intensity can meet design requirement;
Reinforcing bar comprises outdoor reinforcing bar 6, indoor reinforcing bar 7, sockets steel wire 2-1;
Assembled energy-saving body of wall is outdoor, indoor main steel bar stress is connected with structure supporting parts 1-1 outer end and inner root respectively, or the main steel bar stress of indoor is connected with major structure of construction 10; Secondary steel bar stress is connected with main steel bar stress, sockets steel wire 2-1 and socket between outdoor reinforcing bar 6, indoor reinforcing bar 7;
Or outdoor reinforcing bar 6, indoor reinforcing bar 7 are anchored in indoor and outdoor basic matterial topping;
Steel-bar arrangement is with reference to embodiment five, and the vertical reinforcing bar 7-1 termination, indoor being positioned at assembled energy-saving body of wall fixed end is connected with major structure of construction 10, or is connected with structure supporting parts 1-1 the inner; Outdoor vertical reinforcing bar 6-1 is connected with structure supporting parts 1-1 outer end; Indoor vertical reinforcing bar 7-1 and the outdoor vertical reinforcing bar 6-other end are connected with sliding component 4;
5), partial structurtes supporting parts 1-1 is installed, and determines that crab-bolt 20 installation site adopts following mounting method:
A, when the concrete formwork of major structure of construction 10, in the installation site of template inside structure supporting parts 1-1, a slice interim occupying plate is installed, during form removal, interim occupying plate is dismantled, the structure supporting parts 1-1 of local is installed in recess bar planting;
B, when the cast-in-situ concrete formwork of major structure of construction 10, may install the position of crab-bolt 20 inside template, install the interim occupying plate of a slice, interim occupying plate should hide out the reinforcing bar in major structure of construction; When form removal, interim occupying plate is dismantled, when prefabricated panel 15 being installed by crab-bolt 20, in recessed position, crab-bolt 20 should be installed;
6), assembled energy-saving body of wall has one of following fire prevention measure, selects as required;
A, setting socket part 2; Socket part 2 and be provided with following several mode, select according to use needs:
1., socket part 2 exterior cover sheets 15-8-1 is connected with the structure supporting parts 1-1 of same layer; For example socket part 2 for steel plate strip, see Fig. 6;
2., socket part 2 the inner to be connected (as being connected with aerated concrete panel) with the base insulating layer 15-3-2 of light prefabricated warming plate 15, or be connected (as being connected with concrete inside heavy precast heated board with internal protection layer 15-8-2, or be connected with the internal protection layer 15-8-2 thickeied), or be connected with major structure of construction 10, see Figure 27, or and bar connecting; Socket part 2 outer end to be connected with exterior cover sheets 15-8-1, described exterior cover sheets 15-8-1 has and necessarily prevents fire spread performance;
As socketed part 2 for steel disc, reinforcing bar 6 is connected with exterior cover sheets 15-8-1 by steel disc, or socket that steel wire 2-1 is double sockets part 2, reinforcing bar 6 is connected with exterior cover sheets 15-8-1, see Fig. 9, Figure 19, exterior cover sheets 15-8-1 holes, steel wire 2-1 will be socketed and connect through exterior cover sheets 15-8-1;
3., between same layer adjacent external topping 15-8-1 seam crossing arranges and sockets part 2, sockets part 2 and is connected by adjacent external topping 15-8-1, and such as socketing part 2 is grooved steel sheet bar, sees Figure 17;
The fire prevention measure of b, heavy seal coat 15-8-1, see Fig. 7 ~ Figure 17, Figure 26:
Fire proofing material 15-8-3 is installed in the seam inside of topping 15-8-1, or/and thickeied by the topping 15-8-1 along seam crossing, or/and along brushing fireproof paint outside seam, see Figure 10 ~ Figure 13, Figure 26 node enlarged drawing; Or in the inner side of the topping 15-8-1 seam of side precast heated board 15, overlap joint prefabricated panels band is installed, overlap joint as fire proofing material 15-8-3, is shown in Figure 14 ~ Figure 17, Figure 26 with prefabricated panels band; Or/and smear adhesive powder-polystyrene granule thermal insulation mortar on topping 15-8-1 surface; Recommend the structure adopting Figure 10 ~ Figure 13;
C or in the cross section of the insulation layer 15-3 of prefabricated panel 15 or/and inner surface also has internal protection layer 15-8-2-1, increase insulation layer 15-3 cross section or/and the fire resistance property of inner surface, make internal protection layer 15-8-2-1 have the fireproof performance of opposing electric welding spark, see Figure 25; Or fire barrier (during organic insulation material) is also had in insulation layer 15-3:
D, install fire proofing material 20-1 at crab-bolt 20 external end head, crab-bolt 20 fireproof performance having fire proofing material 20-1 to cover is not less than the fireproof performance of exterior cover sheets 15-8-1;
E, the fire protection construction of reinforced door window side insulation layer:
The exterior cover sheets 15-8-1 of door thereabout prefabricated panel 15 is widened, the topping of door window side insulation layer 15-3-4 is prefabricated panels topping 15-8-4, see Fig. 9, Figure 19, fixing between door and window mouth side prefabricated panels topping 15-8-4 and the exterior cover sheets 15-8-1 of the positive facade of assembled energy-saving body of wall (fixing as pasted and adding to follow closely); Vertical side insulation layer 15-3-4 is had in exterior cover sheets 15-8-1, cavity between vertical side prefabricated panels topping 15-8-4 and doorframe and window frame; Recommend vertical side insulation layer 15-3-4 for the insulation of boring polyurathamc;
F, different parts exterior cover sheets 15-8-1 thickness are different; Thickness as the prefabricated panel 15 exterior cover sheets 15-8-1 of wall on window is greater than the thickness of the exterior cover sheets 15-8-1 of wall between windows prefabricated panel 15;
G, with cementitious materials and nail, the net 5 of tension to be fixed with exterior cover sheets 15-8-1; Or the net 5 of tension and reinforcing bar 6 colligation; Or fix with structure supporting parts 1-1, contiguous prefabricated wallboard 15 connects by the net 5 of tension;
The bonding adhesive of b, described bonding topping 15-8 is the polymer adhesive having fire retardant, or is inorganic fire glue;
Adopt the 3rd) ~ the 6th) item structure time,
The insulation layer 15-3 of light prefabricated warming plate 15 is a kind of heat insulating material; Or be 2 kinds of heat insulating materials or multiple heat insulating material; The topping 15-8 of described prefabricated panel 15 is prefabricated panels topping, or described topping 15-8 is plaster skin coat, or is the composite bed of prefabricated panels and plaster skin coat;
Or the insulation layer 15-3 of described light prefabricated warming plate 15 is a kind of inorganic heat insulation material, or it is the composite material of inorganic heat insulation material and organic insulation material; The topping 15-8 of described prefabricated panel 15 is prefabricated panels topping, or is the composite bed of prefabricated panels and plaster skin coat;
Exterior cover sheets 15-8-1, the internal protection layer 15-8-2 of light prefabricated warming plate 15 are different materials, or are same material; Or exterior cover sheets 15-8-1, internal protection layer 15-8-2 are different-thickness, or be same thickness;
Or described prefabricated panel 15 is heavy precast heated board, or it is non-composite type precast heated board; Or prefabricated panel is when being 15 heavy precast heated board, prefabricated panel 15 internal protection layer 15-8-2 there is ironware to substitute crab-bolt 20 prefabricated panel 15 is connected with major structure of construction 10 in indoor; Or not only connect with ironware but also connect by crab-bolt 20.
When the prefabricated panel 15 of embodiment 12 is heavy precast heated board, sliding component 4 should be arranged on the contact surface between internal protection layer 15-8-2 levels.
Embodiment 13: see Figure 28 ~ Figure 30, the difference of present embodiment and embodiment 12 is, described sliding component 4 has following 2 kinds of structures:
1), sliding component 4 comprises sliding component 4-1, steel chute 4-2, has yielding rubber pad 4-3 between yielding rubber pad 4-3, sliding component 4-1 and steel chute 4-2; Sliding component 4-1 is positioned at the sliding-end of prefabricated panel 15, and steel chute 4-2 is arranged in structure supporting parts 1-1, and yielding rubber pad 4-3 is arranged in steel chute 4-2;
Namely the sliding component 4-1 formed in the part of sliding component 4 is arranged on assembled energy-saving body of wall sliding-end, steel chute 4-2 in another part part and yielding rubber pad 4-3 is arranged on assembled energy-saving body of wall fixed end, and the sliding component 4-1 of sliding-end can along the steel chute 4-2 of fixed end and yielding rubber pad 4-3 slippage; Steel chute 4-2 and yielding rubber 4-3 is stop, can limit assembled energy-saving body of wall and slide in steel chute 4-2;
2), sliding component 4-1 also can be (expressions of not drawing) such as damping rubber tire or spring shock-absorbing pads;
The insulation layer 15-3 of light prefabricated warming plate 15 is a kind of heat insulating material; Or be 2 kinds of heat insulating materials or multiple heat insulating material; Exterior cover sheets 15-8-1, the internal protection layer 15-8-2 of light prefabricated warming plate 15 are different materials, or are same material; Or exterior cover sheets 15-8-1, internal protection layer 15-8-2 are different-thickness, or be same thickness;
Described prefabricated panel 15 is compound precast heated board, or is non-composite type precast heated board, or is wooden frame warming plate; Compound precast heated board is light prefabricated warming plate 15 (Fig. 3 ~ Figure 13), or is heavy precast heated board 15 (Figure 18, inner side is ordinary concrete layer or light weight aggregate concrete, and outside is heat insulating material); Or described prefabricated panel 15 is precast concrete plank; Or prefabricated panel is when being 15 heavy precast heated board, prefabricated panel 15 internal protection layer 15-8-2 there is ironware to substitute crab-bolt 20 prefabricated panel 15 is connected with major structure of construction 10 in indoor; Or not only connect with ironware but also connect by crab-bolt 20.
Embodiment 14: see Figure 31 ~ Figure 33, a kind of assembled energy-saving body of wall of present embodiment, it is made up of prefabricated panel 15, grade beam 10-1; Described prefabricated panel 15 is the compound light-duty precast heated board 15 of various structure; Described light prefabricated warming plate 15 is made up of insulation layer 15-3, topping 15-8; Topping 15-8 is positioned at insulation layer 15-3 both sides, and insulation layer 15-3 is connected with topping 15-8;
The insulation layer 15-3 forming light prefabricated warming plate 15 is made up of 2 kinds of heat insulating materials or multiple heat insulating material; Insulation layer 15-3 is divided into base insulating layer 15-3-2, external insulation layer 15-3-1, or also has other position insulation layer;
Described base insulating layer 15-3-2 is satisfied certain fire endurance, has the light inorganic heat preserving material of certain compressive strength, as aerated concrete panel, cement board (being also foamed concrete, foam concrete), foamed ceramic plate, rice husk concrete etc.; Described external insulation layer 15-3-1 is non-bearing heat-preserving material, as polymer thermal insulative material EPS plate, XPS plate, PU plate, PF plate etc., honeycomb card board; Or be inorganic heat insulation material and organic insulation material mixed material etc. all can as the material of insulation layer, as glue powder polyphenyl particle etc.; Described topping 15-8 is prefabricated panels topping, as fiber reinforced cement board, or is shaving board, stalk board, vermiculite board, oriented strand board, metal sheet surface layer etc.; Or described topping 15-8 is plaster skin coat (comprising the topping of building machinery equipment roll extrusion and being formed, the net containing tension in plaster skin coat), or be the composite protection layer of prefabricated panels and plaster skin coat;
Or the insulation layer 15-3 of described light prefabricated warming plate 15 is a kind of inorganic heat insulation material, or it is the mixed material (2 kinds of materials mix and are bonded as one) of a kind of inorganic heat insulation material and organic insulation material; Described topping 15-8 is prefabricated panels topping, or is the composite protection layer of prefabricated panels and plaster skin coat;
Topping 15-8 comprises exterior cover sheets 15-8-1, internal protection layer 15-8-2; The net 5 of tension is positioned at internal protection layer 15-8-2 or surperficial, or is also positioned at exterior cover sheets 15-8-1 or surperficial;
The various materials of the light prefabricated warming plate of described composition 15 are connected as a single entity, and form an overall primary structure member;
Light prefabricated warming plate 15 is fixed on grade beam 10-1, bonds with cementitious materials between light prefabricated warming plate 15 and grade beam 10-1, or also have other connector to be connected with grade beam;
Be interconnected between light prefabricated warming plate 15, form a kind of individual layer self-supporting assembled energy-saving body of wall.
With reference to embodiment six, eight, nine, adjacent for spade-shaped farm tool used in ancient China light prefabricated warming plate 15 seam crossing is interconnected.
Recommend base insulating layer 15-3-2 to adopt aerated concrete panel, external insulation layer 15-3-1 adopts EPS plate.
Such as, during gas concrete density 400kg/m3, its compressive strength can be not less than 2MPa.With reference to the regulation of " Code for design of concrete structures " 50010, individual layer self-supporting body of wall Compressive Bearing Capacity can be met completely and calculate.
Immediately directly just light prefabricated warming plate 15 is fixed on grade beam or sole plate 1 side by nailing plastic crab-bolt.When ratio of height to thickness is little, present embodiment likely need not establish diagonal brace.
Embodiment 15: see Figure 33, present embodiment and embodiment or 14 difference be, present embodiment is provided with groove on grade beam 10-1, light prefabricated warming plate 15 is arranged in the groove of grade beam 10-1, bond with cementitious materials 14 fixing, or also fix by crab-bolt 20, recommendation nailing plastic anchor is fastened fixing;
Described light prefabricated warming plate 15 is light prefabricated warming plate 15, or is heavy precast heated board, or is non-composite type precast heated board; The insulation layer 15-3 of described light prefabricated warming plate 15 is a kind of heat insulating material, or is 2 kinds of heat insulating materials or multiple heat insulating material.Such as the summer thermally district's insulation layer be all a kind of heat insulating material of aerated concrete panel.
Recommend to adopt present embodiment individual layer self-supporting assembled heat insulation body of wall and grade beam to be fixed.
Embodiment 16: see Figure 33, present embodiment and embodiment or 14 or 15 difference be, present embodiment increases light column 10-3, light-weight girder 10-4; Light column 10-3 and grade beam 1 are fixed, and light-weight girder 10-4 and light column 10-3 upper end are fixed; Described light column 10-3 does not play load-bearing effect; Light prefabricated warming plate 15 is connected with light column 10-3, light-weight girder 10-4.As the beam column that light column 10-3, light-weight girder 10-4 are wooden or light steel matter or other material, be only conveniently install light prefabricated warming plate 15 to arrange light-duty beam column 1-3, during installation, prefabricated panel stability is better, need not establish diagonal brace.Present embodiment arranges light-duty beam column 1-3 and does not play load-bearing effect, is only possible sometimes for convenient fixing light prefabricated warming plate.
Embodiment 17, the difference of one of present embodiment and embodiment ten four-ten six is, exterior cover sheets 15-8-1, the internal protection layer 15-8-2 of the light prefabricated warming plate 15 of present embodiment are different materials, or be same material, or exterior cover sheets 15-8-1, internal protection layer 15-8-2 are different-thickness;
The insulation layer 15-3 of described light prefabricated warming plate 15 is a kind of heat insulating material, or is 2 kinds of heat insulating materials or multiple heat insulating material; Described light prefabricated warming plate 15 is light prefabricated warming plate 15, or is heavy precast heated board, or is non-composite type precast heated board.
Embodiment 18: one of present embodiment and embodiment 14 ~ 17 difference is, present embodiment prefabricated panels topping substitutes net 5 tension of reinforcing bar or alternative tension, prefabricated panels topping substitutes pressure zone concrete compression, and increases reinforcing bar; Prefabricated panels topping is positioned at the both sides of prefabricated panel 15; Or prefabricated panels topping is positioned at outside or the inner side of prefabricated panel 15, by the side of prefabricated panels topping topping 15-8-1 mounted externally or internal protection layer 15-8-2, opposite side is the topping 15-8 that plasters, and the net 5 of tension is positioned at another side and plasters topping 15-8 or surperficial; The net 5 of described tension is Alkali-resisting fiberglass mesh, wire lath or be basalt fibre net etc.; Or be heavy precast heated board, inner side topping is the net 5 that armored concrete does not need tension;
The prefabricated panels topping adopted, should have standard to specify or test determines that its intensity can meet design requirement;
Reinforcing bar comprises outdoor reinforcing bar 6, indoor reinforcing bar 7, sockets steel wire 2-1;
Outdoor reinforcing bar 6 comprises outdoor vertical reinforcing bar 6-1, outdoor horizontal reinforcing bar or arch steel 6-2, and indoor reinforcing bar 7 comprises indoor vertical reinforcing bar 7-1, indoor horizontal reinforcing bar or arch steel 7-2;
Light prefabricated warming plate 15 above door and window mouth outdoor horizontal reinforcing bar setting up and down or arch steel 6-2, indoor horizontal reinforcing bar or arch steel 7-2, socket steel wire 2 as stirrup, light prefabricated warming plate about the 15 outdoor horizontal reinforcing bar above door and window mouth or arch steel 6-2, indoor horizontal reinforcing bar or arch steel 7-2 to be connected, form lintel above door and window mouth; Arrange outdoor vertical reinforcing bar 6-1, indoor vertical reinforcing bar 7-1 in door window side, outdoor vertical reinforcing bar 6-1, indoor vertical reinforcing bar 7-1 lower end and grade beam 10 are fixed, and reinforcing bar upper end is anchored in basic matterial topping, if topping is cement polymer mortar; Below door and window mouth, windowsill place arranges outdoor horizontal reinforcing bar 6-2, indoor horizontal reinforcing bar 7-2; Outdoor horizontal reinforcing bar 6-2, indoor horizontal reinforcing bar 7-2 respectively reinforcing bar 6-1 vertical with outdoor, indoor vertical reinforcing bar 7-1 are connected; Socket steel wire 2-1 between outdoor reinforcing bar 6, indoor reinforcing bar 7 to socket;
The insulation layer 15-3 of described light prefabricated warming plate 15 is jagged, and outdoor reinforcing bar 6, indoor reinforcing bar 7 are arranged in breach, or one of outdoor reinforcing bar 6, indoor reinforcing bar 7 are arranged in breach, see Fig. 7, Figure 19; Or light prefabricated warming plate 15 one or both sides are not provided with breach, one of outdoor reinforcing bar 6, indoor reinforcing bar 7 are arranged on the outside of light prefabricated warming plate 15 indoor and outdoor topping 15-8; Or socket steel wire 2-1 outer end extend be connected with exterior cover sheets 15-8-1;
Basic matterial topping 8-3 is had around outdoor reinforcing bar 6, indoor reinforcing bar 7.
Door and window mouth is recommended to adopt heat insulation break bridge structure, and window is installed on door and window mouth insulation layer.
The fire prevention measure of individual layer self-supporting assembled energy-saving body of wall can refer to the structure of embodiment six.
About explanation of the present invention:
1, about insulation layer
The present invention does not comprise window fire-retardant heat-insulation material, and in most cases the insulation layer 15-3 of light prefabricated warming plate 15 can meet instructions for use with 2 kinds of heat insulating materials.When having polymer thermal insulative material in insulation layer 15-3, in order to improve outside fireproof performance, also may with 3 kinds of heat insulating materials, if external insulation layer 15-3-1 is alumina silicate PLASTIC LAMINATED, moderate soak layer 15-3-3 is EPS plate, and base insulating layer 15-3-2 is aerated concrete panel, sees Fig. 5, but trouble, may not as convenient with the external insulation layer 15-3-1 thickened.
2, about assembled energy-saving wall reinforcement
Analyze formula (8) in " fibre cement product experimental method " GB/T7019-1997, rupture strength essence is prefabricated panels edge maximum tension stress value when being subject to curved destruction.When it can be used as decorative panel to use at present, because top panel is thin, fracture destruction under external force, therefore be referred to as rupture strength.Together with prefabricated panels topping of the present invention is compound to insulation layer, forms a common primary structure member, can think that the section stress of prefabricated panels topping is uniform.Fiber reinforced cement board has suitable tensile strength, therefore need not establish the net 5. of tension
The compressive strength of cement products class material is much in tensile strength, if concrete crushing strength is about 10 times of tensile strength.The compressive strength of fiber reinforced cement board should exceed C20 concrete crushing strength.Calculate and prove, under wind load combination effect, when pressure zone is C20 concrete cover, depth of compression zone is only 2 ~ 4mm, therefore prefabricated panels topping alternative pressure zone concrete compression.
Door and window hole edge is that the weak link of body of wall should install reinforcing bar; therefore assembled energy-saving body of wall of the present invention only need at door and window hole edge, prefabricated panels topping seam crossing install reinforcing bar; just can become the assembled energy-saving body of wall with the design of structural calculation formula, safety, good endurance, steel using amount are few.When general decor, the vertical reinforcing bar in hole mostly is 1 φ 8 or 1 φ 10, and horizontal reinforcement is φ 4 galvanizing steel reinforcing bar binding vertical with both sides.
Should be determined by test, ensure that the distortion of assembled energy-saving body of wall is in allowed band.
3, about " installing fire proofing material 20-1 at crab-bolt 20 external end head ": should decorate, as long as the fireproof performance of the pre-cap rock of crab-bolt enclosing cover is not less than the fireproof performance of external protection according to body of wall difference.
4, about prefabricated thermal insulation batten 15-1, Fig. 9 is seen:
Prefabricated thermal insulation batten 15-1 essence is also precast heated board 15, but width is narrow, inside and outside both sides arrangement of reinforcement.When arranging bi-steel, for convenience of construction, reduce on-the-spot reinforcing bar both sides plastering engineering amount, be pre-installed in prefabricated thermal insulation batten 15-1 by vertical for outdoor reinforcing bar 6-1, indoor vertical reinforcing bar 7-1, construction install convenience, recommends to adopt.Particularly embodiment 12, sliding component 4 is pre-installed on prefabricated thermal insulation batten 15-1, is installed on precast heated board 15 exactly, such mounting slip component 4 convenience, otherwise may be difficult to accurate mounting slip component.
5, about insulation layer and topping
The heat-insulating property of material is relative, and the light weight aggregate concrete of such as haydite or float stone is used for non-heating region, can be considered as heat insulating material; But in cold district, particularly severe cold area should not be considered as heat insulating material.Light weight aggregate concrete as supporting member, can also be recommended the local of severe cold area to cornice and adopts the light weight aggregate concrete of haydite or float stone.
Therefore the light weight aggregate concrete of haydite or float stone both can as insulation layer; can also as topping; can also independently as the precast heated board of non-composite; namely possesses the function of insulation layer, topping simultaneously; answer arrangement of reinforcement (with reinforcing bar or wire-mesh reinforcement) within it; do not need separately to establish topping, after arrangement of reinforcement, the net of tension can be installed.
6, about socketing part 2 and socketing steel wire 2-1
Socketing steel wire 2-1 can as socketing part 2.Also can socket part with other outside reinforcing bar 6 is connected with exterior cover sheets 15-8-1; such as socket part 2 for steel disc; one end is connected with outside reinforcing bar 6, and the other end is connected with exterior cover sheets 15-8-1 screw, selects according to easy construction and installation reliability the kind socketing part 2.
7, the assembled energy-saving body of wall of embodiment of the present invention one ~ 11, the large scale prefabricated wallboard that also can form the standard width of a room in an old-style house is installed, by seam reinforcement installation in large scale prefabricated wallboard, as long as can ensure the safety in transport, lifting.
8, about " mixing " and " compound "
In present patent application file, described " mixing " is mixed by different materials uniform stirring; Described " compound " refers to that different materials layering connects together (mainly bonding connection also may also adopt alternate manner to connect).

Claims (10)

1. an assembled energy-saving body of wall, it comprises major structure of construction, prefabricated panel;
It is characterized in that,
The connecting structure of described assembled energy-saving body of wall and major structure of construction is: prefabricated panel is placed in the beam column of major structure of construction, load bearing wall side, prefabricated panel and major structure of construction side is fixed; Connect between prefabricated panel, form a kind of assembled energy-saving body of wall installing prefabricated panel in major structure of construction side;
Described prefabricated panel is compound precast heated board, and described compound precast heated board is light prefabricated warming plate; Or prefabricated panel is wooden frame warming plate;
Described compound precast heated board comprises insulation layer, topping, and insulation layer is connected with topping; Topping comprises exterior cover sheets, internal protection layer; Described insulation layer is inorganic heat insulation material or organic insulation material, or is the mixed material of inorganic heat insulation material and organic insulation material;
The insulation layer of described light prefabricated warming plate is made up of 2 kinds of heat insulating materials or multiple heat insulating material; Insulation layer is divided into base insulating layer, external insulation layer, or also has other position insulation layer; Described base insulating layer is satisfied certain fire endurance, has the light inorganic heat preserving material of some strength; Described topping is prefabricated panels topping, or described topping is plaster skin coat, or is the composite bed of prefabricated panels and plaster skin coat;
Or the insulation layer of described light prefabricated warming plate is a kind of inorganic heat insulation material, or it is the mixed material of a kind of inorganic heat insulation material and organic insulation material; Described topping is prefabricated panels topping, or is the composite bed of prefabricated panels and plaster skin coat.
2. a kind of assembled energy-saving body of wall according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that,
The exterior cover sheets of described light prefabricated warming plate, internal protection layer are different materials, or exterior cover sheets, internal protection layer are different-thickness;
The insulation layer of described light prefabricated warming plate is a kind of heat insulating material, or is 2 kinds of heat insulating materials or multiple heat insulating material; Described prefabricated panel is compound prefabricated panel, or is non-composite type prefabricated panel.
3. a kind of assembled energy-saving body of wall according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that,
It also comprises crab-bolt, basic matterial; By crab-bolt through prefabricated panel, prefabricated panel is fixed on the side of major structure of construction; Basic matterial anticorrosion is injected in the sleeve pipe of crab-bolt;
Or also use cementitious materials bonding between prefabricated panel with major structure of construction, or/and be connected together by non-burnishing surface between prefabricated panel and the major structure of construction of cast-in-situ concrete;
The exterior cover sheets of described light prefabricated warming plate, internal protection layer are different materials, or are same material, or exterior cover sheets, internal protection layer are different-thickness, or are same thickness;
Or described prefabricated panel is heavy precast heated board, or it is non-composite type precast heated board; Or prefabricated panel is when being heavy precast heated board, prefabricated panel internal protection layer there is ironware to substitute crab-bolt prefabricated panel is connected with major structure of construction in indoor: or not only connected with ironware but also used anchor bolts.
4. a kind of assembled energy-saving body of wall according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that,
It also comprises structure supporting parts; Structure supporting parts is arranged on the side of major structure of construction, and described structure supporting parts is that local is arranged or is that building border, edge is arranged; Or structure supporting parts support prefabricated panel.
The exterior cover sheets of described light prefabricated warming plate, internal protection layer are different materials, or are same material, or exterior cover sheets, internal protection layer are different-thickness, or are same thickness.
5. a kind of assembled energy-saving body of wall according to claim 3,
It is characterized in that,
It also comprises structure supporting parts; Structure supporting parts is arranged on the side of major structure of construction; Described structure supporting parts is that local is arranged or is that building border, edge is arranged; Or structure supporting parts support prefabricated panel.
6. a kind of assembled energy-saving body of wall according to claim 4,
It is characterized in that,
Substitute reinforcing bar with prefabricated panels topping or substitute netted tensile materials tension or also substitute pressure zone concrete compression with prefabricated panels topping, and also comprising reinforcing bar;
Prefabricated panels topping is positioned at the both sides of prefabricated panel; Or prefabricated panels topping is positioned at outside or the inner side of prefabricated panel, opposite side is topping of plastering, and netted tensile materials is positioned at another side and plasters topping or surperficial;
Reinforcing bar comprises outdoor reinforcing bar, indoor reinforcing bar, sockets steel wire;
Assembled energy-saving body of wall is outdoor, indoor main steel bar stress is connected with structure supporting parts outer end and inner root respectively, or the main steel bar stress of indoor is connected with major structure of construction; Secondary steel bar stress is connected with main steel bar stress, sockets steel wire and socket between outdoor reinforcing bar, indoor reinforcing bar;
Or outdoor reinforcing bar, indoor Bar Anchorage is in indoor and outdoor basic matterial topping;
The insulation layer of described light prefabricated warming plate is a kind of heat insulating material; Or be 2 kinds of heat insulating materials or multiple heat insulating material; The exterior cover sheets of described light prefabricated warming plate, internal protection layer are different materials, or are same material, or exterior cover sheets, internal protection layer are different-thickness, or are same thickness;
Or described prefabricated panel is heavy precast heated board, or it is non-composite type precast heated board; Or prefabricated panel is when being heavy precast heated board, prefabricated panel internal protection layer there is ironware to substitute crab-bolt prefabricated panel is connected with major structure of construction in indoor; Or not only connected with ironware but also used anchor bolts.
7. a kind of assembled energy-saving body of wall according to claim 5,
It is characterized in that,
Substitute reinforcing bar or alternative netted tensile materials tension with prefabricated panels topping, substitute pressure zone concrete compression with prefabricated panels topping, and also comprise reinforcing bar;
Prefabricated panels topping is positioned at the both sides of prefabricated panel; Or prefabricated panels topping is positioned at outside or the inner side of prefabricated panel, opposite side is topping of plastering, and netted tensile materials is positioned at another side and plasters topping or surperficial;
Reinforcing bar comprises outdoor reinforcing bar, indoor reinforcing bar, sockets steel wire;
Assembled energy-saving body of wall is outdoor, indoor main steel bar stress is connected with structure supporting parts outer end and inner root respectively, or the main steel bar stress of indoor is connected with major structure of construction; Secondary steel bar stress is connected with main steel bar stress, sockets steel wire and socket between outdoor reinforcing bar, indoor reinforcing bar;
Or outdoor reinforcing bar, indoor Bar Anchorage is in indoor and outdoor basic matterial topping;
The insulation layer of described light prefabricated warming plate is a kind of heat insulating material; Or be 2 kinds of heat insulating materials or multiple heat insulating material; The exterior cover sheets of described light prefabricated warming plate, internal protection layer are different materials, or are same material, or exterior cover sheets, internal protection layer are different-thickness, or are same thickness;
Or described prefabricated panel is heavy precast heated board, or it is non-composite type precast heated board; Or prefabricated panel is when being heavy precast heated board, prefabricated panel internal protection layer there is ironware to substitute crab-bolt prefabricated panel is connected with major structure of construction in indoor; Or not only connected with ironware but also used anchor bolts.
8. according to a kind of assembled energy-saving body of wall one of claim 1 ~ 7 Suo Shu,
It is characterized in that, it also comprises following fire prevention measure, selects as required:
1), setting sockets part; Socket part and be provided with following several mode, select according to use needs:
1., socket part exterior cover sheets is connected with structure supporting parts;
2., socket part the inner and be connected with the base insulating layer of light prefabricated warming plate, or to be connected with internal protection layer, or to be connected with major structure of construction, or and bar connecting; Socket part outer end to be connected with exterior cover sheets;
3., between adjacent external topping seam crossing arranges and sockets part, sockets part and is connected by adjacent external topping;
2), the fire prevention measure of heavy seal coat: install fire proofing material in the seam of topping; Or inside prefabricated panel topping seam, overlap joint prefabricated panels band is installed, prefabricated panels band is as fire proofing material, overlap joint prefabricated panels band is inserted in the reserved gap of opposite side prefabricated panel, or also bonding with the exterior cover sheets of contiguous prefabricated wallboard; Or prefabricated panel seam crossing local thickeies topping; Or along brushing fireproof paint outside seam;
3) or in the cross section of the insulation layer of prefabricated panel or/and inner surface also has internal protection layer, insulation layer cross section is increased or/and the fire resistance property of inner surface; Or fire barrier is also had in insulation layer;
4), at crab-bolt external end head install fire proofing material, the crab-bolt fireproof performance having fire proofing material to cover is not less than the fireproof performance of exterior cover sheets;
5), reinforced door window side insulation layer fire protection construction: widened by the exterior cover sheets of door thereabout prefabricated panel, the topping of door window side insulation layer is prefabricated panels topping; Fixing between the exterior cover sheets of door and window mouth side prefabricated panels topping and the positive facade of assembled energy-saving body of wall; Vertical side insulation layer is had in exterior cover sheets, cavity between door window side prefabricated panels topping and doorframe and window frame;
6), different parts outer protection layer thickness is different;
7), with cementitious materials and nail, netted tensile materials and exterior cover sheets are fixed; Or netted tensile materials and reinforcing bar binding; Or fix with structure supporting parts, contiguous prefabricated wallboard connects by netted tensile materials;
8), the insulation layer at assembled energy-saving body of wall heat-insulating bridge-cut-off hole is the heat insulating material meeting fire protection requirement;
9), the bonding adhesive of described bonding topping is the polymer adhesive having fire retardant, or is inorganic fire glue;
The insulation layer of described light prefabricated warming plate is a kind of heat insulating material; Or be 2 kinds of heat insulating materials or multiple heat insulating material; The topping of described prefabricated panel is prefabricated panels topping, or described topping is plaster skin coat, or is the composite bed of prefabricated panels and plaster skin coat;
Or the insulation layer of described light prefabricated warming plate is a kind of inorganic heat insulation material, or it is the mixed material of a kind of inorganic heat insulation material and organic insulation material; Described topping is prefabricated panels topping, or is the composite bed of prefabricated panels and plaster skin coat.
The exterior cover sheets of described light prefabricated warming plate, internal protection layer are different materials, or are same material; Or exterior cover sheets, internal protection layer are different-thickness, or are same thickness;
Or described prefabricated panel is heavy precast heated board, or it is non-composite type precast heated board;
Or prefabricated panel is when being heavy precast heated board, prefabricated panel internal protection layer there is ironware to substitute crab-bolt prefabricated panel is connected with major structure of construction in indoor; Or not only connected with ironware but also used anchor bolts.
9. an assembled energy-saving body of wall, it comprises major structure of construction, structure supporting parts, prefabricated panel, slippage and part; Structure supporting parts is arranged on the side of major structure of construction, and structure supporting parts is that local is arranged or is that building border, edge is arranged, prefabricated panel described in structure supporting parts support;
Described prefabricated panel is compound precast heated board, or is non-composite type precast heated board; Compound precast heated board is light prefabricated warming plate, or is heavy precast heated board;
Described compound precast heated board comprises insulation layer, topping, and insulation layer is connected with topping;
Described topping comprises exterior cover sheets, internal protection layer;
Described insulation layer is inorganic heat insulation material or organic insulation material, or is the mixed material of inorganic heat insulation material and organic insulation material;
Described topping is prefabricated panels topping, or is plaster skin coat, or is the composite bed of prefabricated panels and plaster skin coat;
Being connected with following 2 kinds and constructing between described prefabricated panel and major structure of construction, fit applications:
1), prefabricated panel upper end or lower end be connected with the beam slab lateral surface of major structure of construction, and form assembled energy-saving body of wall fixed end, the other end is sliding-end; Prefabricated panel is not connected with post or shear wall;
2), the post of prefabricated panel and major structure of construction or shear wall lateral surface be connected, and is provided with elastic expansion joint at post or shear wall side;
Sliding component is positioned on the contact surface of assembled energy-saving body of wall sliding-end and structure supporting parts;
Sliding component is had in the termination of prefabricated panel; Or there is the part of sliding component the termination of prefabricated panel, the remainder part of sliding component is positioned on structure supporting parts;
Described sliding component has and does not limit the function of assembled energy-saving body of wall at wall plane intrinsic displacement;
Connect between prefabricated panel, form a kind of assembled energy-saving body of wall of slip;
It is characterized in that,
It is namely different from prior art that the assembled energy-saving body of wall of described slip has one of following technical characteristic:
1), described prefabricated panel is when being light prefabricated warming plate, and the insulation layer of light prefabricated warming plate is made up of 2 kinds of heat insulating materials or multiple heat insulating material; Insulation layer is divided into base insulating layer, external insulation layer, or also has other position insulation layer; The base insulating layer of described light prefabricated warming plate is satisfied certain fire endurance, has the light inorganic heat preserving material of some strength; Described topping is prefabricated panels topping, or described topping is plaster skin coat, or is the composite bed of prefabricated panels and plaster skin coat;
Or the insulation layer of described light prefabricated warming plate is a kind of inorganic heat insulation material, or be the mixed material of a kind of inorganic heat insulation material and organic insulation material, described topping is prefabricated panels topping, or is the composite bed of prefabricated panels and plaster skin coat;
2), described prefabricated panel is when being light prefabricated warming plate, and the exterior cover sheets of light prefabricated warming plate, internal protection layer are different materials, or exterior cover sheets, internal protection layer thickness are different; Or one of exterior cover sheets, internal protection layer are plaster skin coat, should have netted tensile materials in plaster skin coat;
3), crab-bolt, basic matterial is also comprised; By crab-bolt through prefabricated panel, prefabricated panel is fixed on the side of major structure of construction, in the sleeve pipe of crab-bolt, injects basic matterial;
4), with prefabricated panels topping substitute reinforcing bar or alternative netted tensile materials tension, substitute pressure zone concrete compression with prefabricated panels topping, and also comprise reinforcing bar; Reinforcing bar comprises outdoor reinforcing bar, indoor reinforcing bar, sockets steel wire;
Assembled energy-saving body of wall is outdoor, indoor main steel bar stress is connected with structure supporting parts outer end and inner root respectively, or the main steel bar stress of indoor is connected with major structure of construction; Secondary steel bar stress is connected with main steel bar stress, sockets steel wire and socket between outdoor reinforcing bar, indoor reinforcing bar;
Or outdoor reinforcing bar, indoor Bar Anchorage is in indoor and outdoor basic matterial topping;
5), partial structurtes supporting parts is installed, and determines that crab-bolt installation site adopts following mounting method:
A, when the concrete formwork of major structure of construction, in the installation site of template inside structure supporting parts, a slice interim occupying plate is installed, during form removal, interim occupying plate is dismantled, the structure supporting parts of local is installed in recess bar planting;
B, when the cast-in-situ concrete formwork of major structure of construction, may install the position of crab-bolt inside template, install the interim occupying plate of a slice, interim occupying plate should hide out the reinforcing bar in major structure of construction; When form removal, interim occupying plate is dismantled, when prefabricated panel being installed by crab-bolt, in recessed position, crab-bolt is installed;
6), assembled energy-saving body of wall has one of following fire prevention measure unlike the prior art, selects as required:
A, setting socket part; Socket part and be provided with following several mode, select according to use needs:
1., socket part the inner and be connected with the base insulating layer of light prefabricated warming plate, or to be connected with internal protection layer, or to be connected with major structure of construction, or and bar connecting; Socket part outer end to be connected with exterior cover sheets;
2., socket part exterior cover sheets is connected with structure supporting parts;
3., between adjacent external topping seam crossing arranges and sockets part, sockets part and is connected by adjacent external topping;
The fire prevention measure of b, heavy seal coat: install fire proofing material in the seam of topping; Or in the inner side of the topping seam of prefabricated panel, overlap joint prefabricated panels band is installed, prefabricated panels band is as fire proofing material, overlap joint prefabricated panels band is inserted in the reserved gap of opposite side prefabricated panel, or also bonding with the exterior cover sheets of contiguous prefabricated wallboard; Or prefabricated panel seam crossing local thickeies topping; Or outside seam also brushing fireproof paint;
C or in the cross section of the insulation layer of prefabricated panel or/and inner surface also has internal protection layer, increase the fire resistance property on surface, insulation layer cross section; Or fire barrier is also had in insulation layer;
D, crab-bolt external end head install fire proofing material, the crab-bolt fireproof performance having fire proofing material to cover is not less than the fireproof performance of exterior cover sheets;
The fire protection construction of e, reinforced door window side insulation layer: the exterior cover sheets of door thereabout prefabricated panel is widened, the topping of door window side insulation layer is prefabricated panels topping; Paste between the exterior cover sheets of door and window mouth side prefabricated panels topping and the positive facade of assembled energy-saving body of wall and add to follow closely and fix; Vertical side insulation layer is had in exterior cover sheets, cavity between vertical side prefabricated panels topping and doorframe and window frame;
F, different parts outer protection layer thickness are different;
G, with cementitious materials and nail netted tensile materials and exterior cover sheets are fixed; Or netted tensile materials and reinforcing bar binding; Or fix with structure supporting parts, contiguous prefabricated wallboard connects by netted tensile materials;
The bonding adhesive of h, described bonding topping is the polymer adhesive having fire retardant, or is inorganic fire glue;
Adopt the 3rd) ~ the 6th) item structure time,
The insulation layer of light prefabricated warming plate is a kind of heat insulating material; Or be 2 kinds of heat insulating materials or multiple heat insulating material; The topping of described prefabricated panel is prefabricated panels topping, or described topping is plaster skin coat, or is the composite bed of prefabricated panels and plaster skin coat;
Or the insulation layer of described light prefabricated warming plate is a kind of inorganic heat insulation material, or it is the composite material of inorganic heat insulation material and organic insulation material; The topping of described prefabricated panel is prefabricated panels topping, or is the composite bed of prefabricated panels and plaster skin coat;
The exterior cover sheets of light prefabricated warming plate, internal protection layer are different materials, or are same material; Or exterior cover sheets, internal protection layer are different-thickness, or are same thickness;
Or described prefabricated panel is heavy precast heated board, or it is non-composite type precast heated board;
Or prefabricated panel is when being heavy precast heated board, prefabricated panel internal protection layer there is ironware to substitute crab-bolt prefabricated panel is connected with major structure of construction in indoor; Or not only connected with ironware but also used anchor bolts.
10. an assembled energy-saving body of wall, it comprises prefabricated panel, grade beam; Described prefabricated panel is the compound light-duty precast heated board of various structure; Described light prefabricated warming plate comprises insulation layer, topping; Described topping comprises exterior cover sheets, internal protection layer; Topping is positioned at insulation layer both sides, and insulation layer is connected with topping;
It is characterized in that,
The insulation layer of the light prefabricated warming plate of described composition is made up of 2 kinds of heat insulating materials or multiple heat insulating material; Insulation layer is divided into base insulating layer, external insulation layer, or also has other position insulation layer; Described base insulating layer is satisfied certain fire endurance, has the light inorganic heat preserving material of some strength; Described topping is prefabricated panels topping, or is plaster skin coat, or is the composite protection layer of prefabricated panels and plaster skin coat;
Or the insulation layer of described light prefabricated warming plate is a kind of inorganic heat insulation material, or it is the mixed material of a kind of inorganic heat insulation material and organic insulation material; Described topping is prefabricated panels topping, or is the composite protection layer of prefabricated panels and plaster skin coat;
Light prefabricated warming plate is fixed on grade beam above or side, bond with cementitious materials between light prefabricated warming plate and grade beam, or other connector is connected with grade beam in addition; Be interconnected between light prefabricated warming plate, form a kind of individual layer self-supporting assembled energy-saving body of wall.
CN201410052473.6A 2013-09-02 2014-02-17 Assembly type energy-saving wall Pending CN104420556A (en)

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CN201410052473.6A CN104420556A (en) 2013-09-02 2014-02-17 Assembly type energy-saving wall

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CN106522399A (en) * 2016-11-09 2017-03-22 昆明理工大学 Mounting method of wall type energy dissipation device
CN107366351A (en) * 2017-08-30 2017-11-21 广东松本绿色新材股份有限公司 A kind of assembled arthitecutral structure
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