CN102505763B - Externally laid masonry composite heat-insulating sintered building block exterior wall heat insulating system - Google Patents
Externally laid masonry composite heat-insulating sintered building block exterior wall heat insulating system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an externally laid masonry composite heat-insulating sintered building block exterior wall heat insulating system, and relates to the technical field of building wall heat insulating and energy saving technology. The system comprises an exterior wall main body structure, a ring beam gutter, a floor gutter, a heat insulating material, I-type main building blocks, II-type main building blocks and the like, wherein the external laid masonry composite heat insulating sintered building blocks are laid and built outside a building exterior wall structure part; the heat insulating material is placed in the sintered building blocks; and an air space is reserved in the building blocks and outside the heat insulating material, and a protective layer is arranged on the outer side. The externally laid masonry composite heat-insulating sintered building blocks consist of main building blocks, corner matching blocks and hole matching blocks, wherein the main building blocks are divided into the I-type main building blocks and II-type main building blocks in category; and the corner matching blocks are divided into external corner matching blocks and internal corner matching blocks. The system has the advantages of easiness, convenience and practicability in building type construction, high construction speed, excellent wall integrity, superior wind resistance to the conventional sandwich heat insulation, factory production of materials and capability of reducing a complex operation process with high probability of causing the quality problem on site.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of construction wall energy-saving insulating technique field, the particularly outer subsides of a kind of usefulness and build the building exterior wall heat preserving energy-saving system that the formula composite heat insulation sintered building block is built by laying bricks or stones by laying bricks or stones.
Background technology
Along with the development of social economy and life and the variation of natural resources structure, country and various circles of society have proposed more and more higher requirement to novel construction wall, the pursuit of adiabatic heat-insulation, resistance to compression, tension, anti-aging, fire-retardant fireproof, water proof anti-seepage, environmental protection, the characteristic aspect such as economize on resources has represented the basic orientation of its development, and the research and development of new construction material and structure have become the heat subject of building the departments concerned.
At present, satisfy the requirement of building energy conservation 65%, combined wall more and more becomes the main flow of construction wall.The combined wall power-saving technology that China uses thermal insulation material mainly contains three kinds, outer heat preservation technology, interior heat preservation technology and sandwich thermal insulated technology.Emerging heat insulation building block also can meet the demands in some areas as the heat-preserving wall of homogenous material in addition.
1, External Thermal Insulation Technology for External.This technical system is relatively ripe, and country is once issuing standard standard popularization also, and through a large amount of engineering practices, there are the following problems to find it:
(1) exterior wall surface crack.Because the impact that external thermal insulation wall surface is changed by the multiple climatic factor such as temperature, humidity, solar radiation constantly produces the crack easily.In the past began one's study experiment and be used for some external heat insulating walls of construction, after the construction soon metope just produce the phenomenon of cracking, and the time is longer, the crack is more and more many, the slit is more and more wide.
(2) finish coat is decorated limited.Because the organic insulation material intensity that external heat insulating wall uses is lower, can't bear the larger building outside finish of weight, thereby limit the decorative effect of elevation of building.
(3) the external thermal insulation life-span is asynchronous with the major structure of construction life-span.Because external thermal insulation wall surface is among the atmospheric environment for a long time, the life-span of its heat insulating material only has 25 years, far below the average life span in house 50 years, this means warming plate, the heat preservation technology life-span is to after date outside, is again a great engineering for the renewal of house insulation system.Simultaneously, along with the heat insulating material properties descends, often be accompanied by the phenomenon generation that the exterior wall skin comes off.
(4) the execute-in-place link is too much, and the link that quality problems occur easily is too much.The factor that affects quality has: the planeness deviation link of substrate surface; Base layer construction humidity link; Substrate surface interface processing link; Warming plate sole mass link; The buried depth of the quality of used adhesive products, performance requirement link or anchoring piece and quantity link; The bond area link; Grid cloth overlap joint link; The depth of plastering link; Exterior wall finish layer performance link etc.
(5) fire prevention hidden danger in job site is larger.Because the job site environment is comparatively complicated, every operation is carried out simultaneously, and during the paste heat-preserving material, a large amount of benzene sheetpiles are placed on the job site, easily the initiation fire accident.
2, exterior wall insulating temperature technique.This technology is that heat insulation system is placed inner side of outer wall, makes building reach the job practices of insulation.Normally outside within the walls the surface use the prefabricated thermal insulation material paste, splice, wipe one's face or directly apply heat-insulation mortar bed, to reach the purpose of insulation.Mainly there is following subject matter in exterior wall internal insulation:
(1) body of wall produces the crack easily.Exterior wall is because round the clock and seasonal variations, be subjected to the impact of outside air temperature and solar radiation and breathing occurs, and the heat insulating inner wall plate is not subjected to this impact substantially.When outside temperature was lower than interior temperature, the speed of warming plate was fast in the Amplitude Ratio that exterior wall shrinks; When outside air temperature was higher than indoor air temperature, the speed of exterior wall expansion also was higher than interior warming plate.This repeatedly variation makes interior warming plate be in all the time a kind of unsure state, causes that easily the crack produces.
(2) heat bridge insulation difficult treatment is prone to the dewfall phenomenon.Facts have proved that exterior wall internal insulation easily causes cracking or produces " heat bridge " at following position: exterior wall internal insulation adopts the plate seam position, top building parapet of warming plate along the overhanging component position in the lower portion of roof panel, two kinds of different materials J-shaped wall position and the exterior wall outside between the seam areas on the same surface of exterior wall, interior exterior wall etc.The generation of heat bridge causes Outside wall average heat conducting modulus to improve, and the wall thermal insulating ability descends.
(3) take indoor usable floor area, be unfavorable for interior decoration.Heat insulating material is positioned at the body of wall inboard, has both caused taking of usable floor area, brings again the weight nail to hang the problems such as difficulty, install an air-conditioner, especially inconvenience during the facility such as phone and other ornaments, need resident family's resettlement during to the construction of old room, affect normal life, be not easy to the reducing energy consumption of existing building.
(4) be unfavorable for protection to building envelope, shorten the life-span of agent structure.
3, sandwiched thermal-insulating wall.This technology is divided into body of wall load-bearing and protection part exactly, and certain space is stayed in the centre, in fill out inorganic loose or block insulation material etc., also underfill material is not made air layer.Facts have proved that the subject matter of sandwiched thermal-insulating wall is:
(1) construction relative complex will be inserted more reinforced mesh and tension member during owing to construction, causes the working procedure of relative complex.
(2) anti-seismic performance a little less than.Because body of wall is divided into interior siphonal lobe wall, and active force (comprising wind and geological process) is delivered to the internal lobe wall by steel tie net sheet outside the plane of siphonal lobe wall, therefore wind resistance and the anti-seismic performance to the siphonal lobe wall needs especially to note when design.
(3) cracking appears in body of wall easily.Sandwiched thermal-insulating wall is in the outdoor environment temperature change procedure, and interior siphonal lobe wall very easily produces cracking destruction because of deformation.
(4) be unfavorable for protection to building envelope, shorten the life-span of agent structure.
4, disclose in the recent period various self-insulating sintered blocks, its form multi-source is from the sintered building block in West Europe, and some areas heat insulation building block still can satisfy energy-conservation requirement in China, but uses merely heat insulation building block for severe cold and cold district, is difficult to satisfy energy-conservation requirement.In addition, the building block system in West Europe considers that Seismic Design of Building is less, and all there is requirements for fortification against earthquake in the area more than 90% in China's construction land.Therefore, for self-insulating sintered block, both satisfied the performance requirement of the terms of mechanics such as intensity, antidetonation, and satisfied again the low thermal conductivity requirement, the difficulty of realization is larger.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to overcome the deficiency of existing External Walls Heating Insulation, provides a kind of outer subsides to build formula composite heat insulation sintered building block outer wall heat preservation system by laying bricks or stones.Outer subsides are built the formula composite heat insulation sintered building block by laying bricks or stones and are pasted the outside of building in external wall agent structure part; place sintered building block inner heat insulating material; and leave air space in the outside of building block inside thermal conservation material; its outside is provided with topping; both be convenient to wall body moisture-removing; the assurance body of wall is dry, is beneficial to again building fire protection.This heat insulation system thermal property all satisfies national existing energy conservation criteria requirement.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions: formula composite heat insulation sintered building block outer wall heat preservation system is built in a kind of outer subsides by laying bricks or stones; it is characterized in that: it is to build outer subsides by laying bricks or stones the formula composite heat insulation sintered building block to paste the outside of building in the outer wall structure of building part; place sintered building block inner heat insulating material; and leave air space in the outside of building block inside thermal conservation material, its outside is provided with topping.
Outer subsides are built the formula composite heat insulation sintered building block by laying bricks or stones and are joined piece and hole by main building block, corner and join piece and form, and wherein are divided into the master's building block of I type and II type master building block on the main building block type, and corner is joined piece and is divided into that external corner is joined piece and inner corner trim is joined piece.
The building method of I type master building block be upper hypodermis building block hole to hole, rib to rib, fissure of displacement overlap joint, is close to, squeezes tight at the heat insulating material consistency from top to bottom, uses " U " shape tension member to strengthen connecting between the main building block.
Be equipped with II type master building block in the end, with the metope of making uniform in metope turning point, negative and positive angle, between block insulation layer and main structure body metope, every certain altitude setting together antirust steel tie net sheet or tension member, the tension member plum blossom-shaped is arranged along vertically.
Its inner corner trim is joined piece and is connected piece with external corner and uses " U " shape connector to be connected with adjacent main building block enhancing at end straight joint place, and use pre-buried tension member to strengthen drawknot between the body of wall agent structure, the district provides fortification against earthquakes, join between the piece at vertical yin, yang angle, in its hole, wear respectively ф 4～ф 5 elongated vertical reinforcements, built-in fitting colligation drawknot in reinforcing bar and the body of wall agent structure, inner corner trim are joined piece and external corner and are joined piece and be adjacent main building block every certain altitude and lay horizontal mesh reinforcement sheet reinforcement drawknot or do elongated drawknot with main wall face reinforced mesh.
When door and window hole both sides pier does not meet the modulus requirement from the edge, hole to the adjacent shaft linear dimension, use the hole to join piece.Its straight joint place uses " U " shape connector and adjacent main building block to reinforce the connection, and use pre-buried tension member to strengthen drawknot between the body of wall agent structure, the district provides fortification against earthquakes, join between the piece at vertical hole, wear ф 4～ф 5 elongated vertical reinforcements in its hole, with the built-in fitting colligation drawknot in the body of wall agent structure.Join between piece and the main building block at the hole, vertically lay the horizontal mesh reinforcement sheet every certain altitude and strengthen drawknot or do elongated drawknot with main wall face reinforced mesh.
At every layer of collar tie beam place of building or floor absolute altitude place, arrange choose 100mm high choose mouth, choose a mouthful outside paste heat-preserving material and reach heat insulation effect, smooth for making facade, choosing the length that mouth grows can be slightly short than insulation blocks.
Insulation blocks above the building door window hole, lintel that can be in wall body structure part or collar tie beam outwards encorbelment 90mm high choose mouth, the insulation blocks of top, hole can according to the height situation, be cut to the proper height construction.
Advantage of the present invention and effect are:
1. masonry way construction, simple and easy to do, speed of application is fast.For masonry structure, insulation blocks and wall body structure be building construction simultaneously.Press in position set aside pre-embedded spare extension block construction of designing requirement for reinforced concrete structures such as framework or shear walls.
2. it is sandwich thermal insulated that body of wall good integrity, wind resistance are better than tradition.For masonry structure, insulation layer and deck are built by laying bricks or stones simultaneously, and reliable connection is arranged; For structure filling wall and insulation blocks while building constructions such as framework or shear walls, guarantee that insulation blocks reliably is connected with wall body structure, and load and horizontal applied force are passed to agent structure.
3. to the heat insulating material reliably protecting, be beneficial to fire prevention, and heat insulating material and building body life-span are equal to.Heat insulating material is built in the building block, and its outside still has thicker topping, is conducive to building fire protection, and topping protection heat insulating material is avoided the adverse circumstances image, the life-span of assurance heat insulating material.
4. few to the building exterior decoration restriction, can do shimizu finish, also can do more complicated outside finish.Insulation blocks and wall body structure bonding are firm, and still are the building block outer wall with the outside finish adhesive substratum, guarantee the intensity of bonding basic unit.
5. air space is left in the heat insulating material outside, is convenient to wall body moisture-removing, avoids decorative layer to produce because body of wall makes moist and destroys.Hypodermis is communicated with on the air space in the heat insulating material outside, is beneficial to the discharge of the wet G﹠W of invading body of wall, avoids body of wall to affect performance because making moist for a long time.
6. the material batch production is produced, and reduces the on-the-spot complex job program that is prone to quality problems.Material industry production, finished product thermal insulation building block are dispatched from the factory and is qualified products, and the civil engineering operation procedure is only arranged at the scene, and is few on the link that affects the exterior-wall heat insulation performance, is convenient to control quality.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the axonometric drawing of I type master of the present invention building block 5;
Fig. 2 is II type master building block 6 shaft side figures of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is that external corner of the present invention is joined piece 7 shaft side figures;
Fig. 4 is that inner corner trim of the present invention is joined piece 8 shaft side figures;
Fig. 5 is that piece 9 shaft side figures are joined at hole of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is hypodermis building block row piece figure in the present invention;
Fig. 7 is drawknot and blockhouse drawknot schematic diagram between building block of the present invention and agent structure;
Fig. 8 is collar tie beam of the present invention or Vierendeel girder place organigram;
1 is that exterior wall agent structure 2 is that to choose mouthfuls 3 be that to choose mouthfuls 4 be that heat insulating material 5 is that I type master building block 6 is that II type master building block 7 is that to join piece 8 be that to join piece 9 be that to join piece 10 be that pre-buried tension member 11 is that U-shaped tension member 12 is that masonry mortar 13 is that collar tie beam 19 is exterior trim surface layers at the hole to inner corner trim to external corner to floor to collar tie beam among the figure.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Outer subsides are built formula composite heat insulation sintered building block outer wall heat preservation system by laying bricks or stones and are joined piece and hole by main building block, corner and join piece and form.Be divided into I type master building block 5 and II type master building block 6 on its main building block type.Corner is joined piece and is divided into that external corner is joined piece 7 and inner corner trim is joined piece 8.The hole is joined piece 9 and is only had a kind of form, is used for the body of wall modular coordination.
Formula composite heat insulation sintered building block outer wall heat preservation system is built in aforesaid outer subsides by laying bricks or stones, when building by laying bricks or stones take I type master building block as main building block, building block is arranged and should be satisfied: upper hypodermis building block fissure of displacement overlap joint, marshalling is regular, upper hypodermis building block answer the hole to hole, rib to rib, the heat insulating material consistency from top to bottom, be close to, squeeze tight, main body metope place reduces straight joint as far as possible.Be equipped with II type master building block in the end, with the metope of making uniform in metope turning point, negative and positive angle.Between block insulation layer and main structure body metope, bonding with masonry mortar 12, and the edge is vertically every certain altitude setting together antirust steel tie net sheet or pre-buried tension member 10.Tension member answers plum blossom-shaped to arrange that the tension member level interval is as the criterion to meet local requirements for fortification against earthquake.
Formula composite heat insulation sintered building block outer wall heat preservation system is built in aforesaid outer subsides by laying bricks or stones, the inside recessed certain size of two adjacent outer walls difference between the main building block, to form vertically along short transverse heat insulating material insertion groove, insert heat insulating material 4 during construction within it, and guarantee that heat insulating material has certain thickness, be used for cutting off the heat bridge of perpends between the building block.Perpends uses " U " shape tension member 11 to strengthen connecting, and after same skin-deep adjacent two concrete block masonry are complete, " U " shape tension member 11 is inserted in the slit of both sides brick rib and warming plate, connects with reinforcement.
Aforesaid " U " shape tension member 11, it strengthens the drawknot that connected mode is applicable to all same skin blockhouses in the body series, and position is decided on the grade of providing fortification against earthquakes.
The formula composite heat insulation sintered building block is built in aforesaid outer subsides by laying bricks or stones, and its outside finish coat 19 can be external wall plastering or paste exterior wall tile by screed.
Formula composite heat insulation sintered building block outer wall heat preservation system is built in aforesaid outer subsides by laying bricks or stones, and its metope turning point, yin, yang angle uses respectively inner corner trim to join piece 8 and external corner is joined piece 7 and main building block is joined, and guarantees the complete covering wall of heat insulating material.Inner corner trim and external corner are joined piece and are adopted respectively unified section form, use " U " shape to connect 11 at end straight joint place and are connected with adjacent main building block enhancing.The pre-buried tension member 10 enhancing drawknots of use between piece and the body of wall agent structure are joined at the yin, yang angle.Join between the piece at vertical yin, yang angle in the district that provides fortification against earthquakes, and wears respectively ф 4～ф 5 elongated vertical reinforcements in its hole, the built-in fitting 10 colligation drawknots that reinforcing bar and body of wall agent structure (reinforced concrete post, reinforced concrete structural column, stem stem or load bearing wall) are interior.The negative and positive angle is joined piece and is adjacent main building block laying horizontal mesh reinforcement sheet reinforcement drawknot or does elongated drawknot with main wall face reinforced mesh every certain altitude.
Formula composite heat insulation sintered building block outer wall heat preservation system is built in aforesaid outer subsides by laying bricks or stones, when door and window hole both sides pier does not meet the modulus requirement from the edge, hole to the adjacent shaft linear dimension, uses the hole to join piece, to coordinate the modulus requirement.For example: on 3300mm standard width of a room in an old-style house exterior wall, open between two parties the wide window hole of 1800mm or open between two parties the wide window hole of 1500mm at 3000mm, 3600mm standard width of a room in an old-style house exterior wall, the wide room situation of 150mm appears in the capital in the opening of external window both sides, need use door and window hole to join piece herein and be connected with main building block.
Aforesaid hole is joined the piece cross section and is adopted Unified Form, uses " U " shape connector 11 and adjacent main building block to reinforce the connection at the straight joint place.The pre-buried tension member 10 enhancing drawknots of use between piece and the body of wall agent structure are joined at the hole.Join between the piece at vertical hole in the district that provides fortification against earthquakes, and wears ф 4～ф 5 elongated vertical reinforcements in its hole, with the built-in fitting 10 colligation drawknots in the body of wall agent structure (reinforced concrete structural column, armored concrete post, stem stem or load bearing wall).Join between piece and the main building block at the hole, vertically lay the horizontal mesh reinforcement sheet every certain altitude and strengthen drawknot or do elongated drawknot with main wall face reinforced mesh.
Formula composite heat insulation sintered building block outer wall heat preservation system is built in aforesaid outer subsides by laying bricks or stones, at every layer of collar tie beam of building 13 places or floor absolute altitude place, arrange choose 100mm high choose mouthfuls 3, in order to the support insulation blocks, its weight layering is passed in the fabric structure system.Choose a mouthful outside paste heat-preserving material 4 and reach heat insulation effect.For making facade smooth, choose mouthful length of growing and slightly to lack (in conjunction with the thickness of outer subsides heat insulating material) than insulation blocks.
Formula composite heat insulation sintered building block outer wall heat preservation system is built in aforesaid outer subsides by laying bricks or stones, the insulation blocks above the building door window hole, lintel that can be in wall body structure part or collar tie beam outwards encorbelment 90mm high choose mouthfuls 2, in order to support.The insulation blocks of top, hole can according to the height situation, be cut to the proper height construction.Heat bridge position around the hole can solve with the hole decorative effect in conjunction with erection of doors and windows by paste heat-preserving material 4.
Claims (7)
1. outer a subsides built formula composite heat insulation sintered building block outer wall heat preservation system by laying bricks or stones; it comprises the exterior wall agent structure; collar tie beam is chosen mouth; floor is chosen mouth; heat insulating material; I type master building block; II type master building block; external corner is joined piece; inner corner trim is joined piece; piece is joined at the hole; pre-buried tension member; the U-shaped tension member; masonry mortar; collar tie beam; the exterior trim surface layer; it is characterized in that: it is to build outer subsides by laying bricks or stones the formula composite heat insulation sintered building block to paste the outside of building in the outer wall structure of building part; place sintered building block inner heat insulating material; and leave air space in the outside of building block inside thermal conservation material, its outside is provided with topping.
2. formula composite heat insulation sintered building block outer wall heat preservation system is built in described outer subsides by laying bricks or stones according to claim l, it is characterized in that: the building method of I type master building block be upper hypodermis building block hole to hole, rib to rib, fissure of displacement overlap joint, the heat insulating material consistency from top to bottom, be close to, squeeze tight, use " U " shape tension member to strengthen connecting between the main building block.
3. formula composite heat insulation sintered building block outer wall heat preservation system is built in described outer subsides by laying bricks or stones according to claim l, it is characterized in that: be equipped with II type master building block in the end, with the metope of making uniform in metope turning point, negative and positive angle, between block insulation layer and main structure body metope, every certain altitude setting together antirust steel tie net sheet or tension member, the tension member plum blossom-shaped is arranged along vertically.
4. formula composite heat insulation sintered building block outer wall heat preservation system is built in outer subsides according to claim 2 by laying bricks or stones, it is characterized in that: its inner corner trim is joined piece and is connected piece with external corner and uses " U " shape connector to be connected with adjacent main building block enhancing at end straight joint place, and use pre-buried tension member to strengthen drawknot between the body of wall agent structure, the district provides fortification against earthquakes, at vertical the moon, external corner is joined between the piece, in its hole, wear respectively ф 4～ф 5 elongated vertical reinforcements, built-in fitting colligation drawknot in reinforcing bar and the body of wall agent structure, inner corner trim are joined piece and external corner and are joined piece and be adjacent main building block every certain altitude and lay horizontal mesh reinforcement sheet reinforcement drawknot or do elongated drawknot with main wall face reinforced mesh.
5. formula composite heat insulation sintered building block outer wall heat preservation system is built in described outer subsides by laying bricks or stones according to claim l, it is characterized in that: when door and window hole both sides pier does not meet the modulus requirement from the edge, hole to the adjacent shaft linear dimension, use the hole to join piece, its straight joint place uses " U " shape connector and adjacent main building block to reinforce the connection, and use pre-buried tension member to strengthen drawknot between the body of wall agent structure, the district provides fortification against earthquakes, join between the piece at vertical hole, wear ф 4～ф 5 elongated vertical reinforcements in its hole, with the built-in fitting colligation drawknot in the body of wall agent structure, join between piece and the main building block at the hole, vertically lay the horizontal mesh reinforcement sheet every certain altitude and strengthen drawknot or do elongated drawknot with main wall face reinforced mesh.
6. formula composite heat insulation sintered building block outer wall heat preservation system is built in described outer subsides by laying bricks or stones according to claim l, it is characterized in that: at every layer of collar tie beam place of building or floor absolute altitude place, setting choose 100mm high choose mouth, choose a mouthful outside paste heat-preserving material and reach heat insulation effect, for making facade smooth, choosing mouthful length of growing can be slightly short than insulation blocks.
7. formula composite heat insulation sintered building block outer wall heat preservation system is built in outer subsides according to claim 6 by laying bricks or stones, it is characterized in that: the insulation blocks above the building door window hole, lintel that can be in wall body structure part or collar tie beam outwards encorbelment 90mm high choose mouth, the insulation blocks of top, hole can according to the height situation, be cut to the proper height construction.
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| CN 201110322525 CN102505763B (en) | 2011-10-21 | 2011-10-21 | Externally laid masonry composite heat-insulating sintered building block exterior wall heat insulating system |
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| CN 201110322525 CN102505763B (en) | 2011-10-21 | 2011-10-21 | Externally laid masonry composite heat-insulating sintered building block exterior wall heat insulating system |
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| CN109914678A (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2019-06-21 | 上海市房屋建筑设计院有限公司 | A kind of corner wall of self-heat conserving quoin and its construction |
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| CN2095896U (en) * | 1991-03-09 | 1992-02-12 | 冯启文 | Wedge type composite hollow insulation brick |
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| CN102505763A (en) | 2012-06-20 |
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