CN202509654U - External wall heat insulation system for externally pasted masonry type composite heat insulation sintering building block - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to an external wall thermal insulation system of a masonry type composite thermal insulation sintered block, and relates to the technical field of thermal insulation and energy saving of building walls. It includes the main structure of the outer wall, ring beam picks, floor picks, thermal insulation materials, type I main blocks, type II main blocks, etc. On the outer side of the structural part, the thermal insulation material is placed inside the sintered block, and an air interlayer is left on the outer side of the thermal insulation material in the block, and a protective layer is provided on the outer side. Externally attached masonry composite thermal insulation sintered blocks are composed of main blocks, corner matching blocks and hole matching blocks. Corner matching blocks and internal corner matching blocks. Its masonry method is simple and easy to construct, with fast construction speed, good wall integrity, wind resistance performance is better than traditional sandwich insulation, and the materials are produced in factories to reduce complex operating procedures that are prone to quality problems on site.

Description

A thermal insulation system for externally attached masonry composite thermal insulation sintered block external walls

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of building wall heat preservation and energy saving, in particular to a building exterior wall heat preservation and energy saving system built with externally attached masonry type composite heat preservation and sintered blocks. the

Background technique

With the development of social economy and life and the change of natural resource structure, the country and all walks of life have put forward higher and higher requirements for new building walls, such as heat insulation, compression resistance, tensile resistance, aging resistance, flame retardant and fire prevention, The pursuit of characteristics such as waterproof and anti-seepage, green environmental protection, and resource conservation represents the basic direction of its development. The research and development of new building wall materials and structures has become a hot topic for various construction departments. the

At present, to meet the requirement of building energy saving of 65%, composite walls are increasingly becoming the mainstream of building walls. There are three main types of composite wall energy-saving technologies using thermal insulation materials in my country, external thermal insulation technology, internal thermal insulation technology and sandwich thermal insulation technology. In addition, the emerging self-insulation block as a single material insulation wall can also meet the requirements in some areas. the

1. Exterior wall insulation technology. This technical system is relatively mature, and the country once promulgated standard specifications to promote it. After a large number of engineering practices, it is found that there are the following problems: 

(1) Cracks on the surface of the exterior wall. Because the external insulation wall is constantly affected by changes in temperature, humidity, solar radiation and other climatic factors, cracks are prone to occur. In the past, some external thermal insulation walls that have been studied and used for construction have cracks on the wall soon after construction, and the longer the time, the more cracks and the wider the gaps.

(2) The decoration of the facing layer is limited. Due to the low strength of organic thermal insulation materials used in external thermal insulation walls, they cannot bear the heavy building exterior finishes, thus limiting the decorative effect of building facades. the

(3) The life of the external insulation layer is not synchronized with the life of the main structure of the building. Since the external thermal insulation wall is in the atmospheric environment for a long time, the life span of its thermal insulation material is only 25 years, which is far lower than the average life span of 50 years of the house. Updating is another huge project. At the same time, as the performance of the insulation material declines, it is often accompanied by the phenomenon that the outer wall skin falls off. the

(4) There are too many on-site operation links, and there are too many links prone to quality problems. The factors affecting the quality are: the flatness deviation link of the surface of the base layer; the dry humidity link of the base layer construction; the interface treatment link of the base layer surface; the quality link of the insulation board itself; the quality and performance requirements of the adhesive product used or the buried depth and quantity of the anchor link; bonded area link; grid cloth lap link; plastering thickness link; external wall finish layer performance link, etc. the

(5) There are relatively large fire hazards at the construction site. Due to the complex environment of the construction site, various operations are carried out at the same time. When pasting thermal insulation materials, a large number of benzene panels are piled up on the construction site, which is likely to cause fire accidents. the

2. Insulation technology for exterior walls. This technology is a construction method that puts the thermal insulation system on the inner side of the outer wall to make the building achieve thermal insulation. Usually, prefabricated thermal insulation materials are used to paste, splice, plaster or directly apply thermal insulation mortar layer on the inner surface of the external wall to achieve the purpose of thermal insulation. There are mainly the following main problems in the insulation of the exterior wall:

(1) The wall is prone to cracks. Due to day and night and seasonal changes, the outer wall expands and contracts under the influence of outdoor air temperature and solar radiation, while the inner wall insulation board is basically not affected by this. When the outdoor temperature is lower than the indoor temperature, the outer wall shrinks faster than the inner insulation board; when the outdoor temperature is higher than the indoor temperature, the outer wall expands faster than the inner insulation board. This repeated change keeps the inner insulation board in an unstable state all the time, which easily causes cracks to occur.

(2) Thermal bridge insulation is difficult to deal with, and condensation is prone to occur. Practice has proved that the internal insulation of the external wall is likely to cause cracks or "thermal bridges" in the following parts: the joints of the thermal insulation board used for the internal thermal insulation of the external wall, the bottom part of the parapet of the top floor building along the roof panel, and two different materials in the same external wall. The joints on the surface, the T-wall between the inner and outer walls, and the cantilevered component parts on the outer side of the outer wall, etc. The generation of thermal bridges leads to an increase in the average heat transfer coefficient of the external wall and a decrease in the thermal insulation capacity of the wall. the

(3) Occupying the indoor usable area is not conducive to interior decoration. The insulation material is located on the inside of the wall, which not only causes the occupation of the usable area, but also brings problems such as the difficulty of nailing heavy objects. It is especially inconvenient when installing air conditioners, telephones and other decorations. For the construction of old houses, residents need to be relocated, which affects Normal life is not convenient for energy-saving renovation of existing buildings. the

(4) It is not conducive to the protection of the outer protective structure of the building and shortens the life of the main structure. the

3. Sandwich insulation wall. This technology is to divide the wall into load-bearing and protective parts, leave a certain gap in the middle, and fill it with inorganic loose or block insulation materials, etc., or not fill the material to make an air layer. Practice has proved that the main problems of sandwich insulation walls are:

(1) The construction is relatively complicated, because a lot of steel mesh and tie pieces need to be inserted during construction, resulting in a relatively complicated construction process.

(2) The seismic performance is weak. Since the wall is divided into inner and outer leaf walls, and the out-of-plane force (including wind and earthquake action) of the outer leaf wall is transmitted to the inner leaf wall by the tensioned steel mesh, the wind resistance and Seismic performance requires extra attention. the

(3) The wall is prone to cracking. When the temperature of the sandwich insulation wall changes in the outdoor environment, the inner and outer leaf walls are easily cracked and damaged due to uncoordinated deformation. the

(4) It is not conducive to the protection of the outer protective structure of the building and shortens the life of the main structure. the

4. Recently, there are various self-insulating sintered blocks, most of which are derived from sintered blocks in Western Europe. In some areas of our country, self-insulating blocks can still meet the energy-saving requirements, but self-insulating blocks are only used in severe cold and cold regions , it is difficult to meet the energy saving requirements. In addition, the block system in Western Europe considers less building anti-seismic design, while more than 90% of the construction land in my country has anti-seismic fortification requirements. Therefore, for self-insulating sintered blocks, it is difficult to meet the mechanical performance requirements such as strength and earthquake resistance, and also meet the requirements of low thermal conductivity. the

Contents of the invention

The utility model aims at overcoming the deficiency of the existing external wall thermal insulation technology, and provides an externally attached masonry type composite thermal insulation sintered block external wall thermal insulation system. Externally attached masonry type composite thermal insulation sintered blocks are pasted on the outside of the main structure of the building's exterior wall, and the thermal insulation material is placed inside the sintered block, and an air interlayer is left outside the thermal insulation material in the block. There is a protective layer, which is not only convenient for the wall to drain moisture, keep the wall dry, but also conducive to building fire prevention. The thermal performance of the thermal insulation system meets the requirements of the current national energy-saving regulations. the

The purpose of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions: an externally attached masonry type composite thermal insulation sintered block external wall thermal insulation system is characterized in that: it is an externally attached masonry type composite thermal insulation sintered block On the outer side of the structural part of the outer wall of the building, the thermal insulation material is placed inside the sintered block, and an air interlayer is left on the outer side of the thermal insulation material in the block, and a protective layer is provided on the outer side. the

Externally attached masonry composite thermal insulation sintered blocks are composed of main blocks, corner matching blocks and hole matching blocks. Corner matching blocks and internal corner matching blocks. the

The masonry method of type I main blocks is that the upper and lower skin blocks are hole-to-hole, rib-to-rib, staggered joints are overlapped, the insulation materials are aligned up and down, close to each other, and tightly squeezed, and "U"-shaped knots are used between the main blocks components to strengthen the connection. the

Type II main blocks are arranged at the end to align the walls at the turning point of the yin and yang corner walls, and between the block insulation layer and the main wall of the structure, an anti-rust tie bar is set at a certain height vertically Mesh or tie pieces, the tie pieces are arranged in a quincunx shape. the

The internal corner matching block and the male corner matching block use "U"-shaped connectors to strengthen the connection with the adjacent main blocks at the joints at the ends, and use pre-embedded tie fasteners to strengthen the tie between the main wall structure and the earthquake resistance In the fortified area, between the vertical female and male corner blocks, respectively pass ф4 to ф5 full-length vertical steel bars in the holes. Lay horizontal steel mesh sheets with adjacent main blocks at intervals of a certain height between the block and the external corner block to strengthen the tie, or make a full-length tie with the steel mesh sheet on the main wall. the

When the size of the wall stacks on both sides of the door and window openings from the edge of the opening to the adjacent axis does not meet the modulus requirements, the opening matching blocks are used. The "U"-shaped connectors are used at the joints to reinforce the connection with the adjacent main blocks, and the pre-embedded tie-ties are used to strengthen the tie between the main structure of the wall. In the seismic fortification area, between the vertical opening blocks, The holes are pierced with ф4-ф5 full-length vertical steel bars, which are tied and tied with the pre-embedded tie parts in the main structure of the wall. Between the hole matching block and the main block, horizontal steel mesh sheets are laid vertically at certain heights to strengthen the tie or tie with the main wall steel mesh sheets for full length. the

At the ring beam of each floor of the building or at the level of the floor slab, set a 100mm-high cantilever, and paste insulation materials on the outside of the cantilever to achieve thermal insulation effect. In order to make the facade smooth, the length of the cantilever can be slightly shorter than the insulation block . the

The thermal insulation blocks above the openings of the doors and windows of the building can be cantilevered from the lintel or ring beam in the wall structure part, and the 90mm high ring beam cantilever cantilevered. The thermal insulation blocks above the openings can be cut to a suitable height according to the height. High construction. the

Advantage and effect of the present invention are:

1. The masonry construction method is simple and easy, and the construction speed is fast. For the masonry structure, the thermal insulation blocks and the wall structure are built at the same time. For reinforced concrete structures such as frames or shear walls, pre-embedded anchors are reserved in appropriate positions for hanging construction according to design requirements.

2. The integrity of the wall is good, and the wind resistance performance is better than that of traditional sandwich insulation. For the masonry structure, the thermal insulation layer and the structural layer are built at the same time, and there is a reliable connection; for the frame or shear wall and other structural filling walls and thermal insulation blocks are built at the same time, to ensure that the thermal insulation block and the wall structure are reliably connected, and Transfer loads and horizontal forces to the main structure. the

3. Reliable protection for thermal insulation materials, which is conducive to fire prevention, and the life span of thermal insulation materials is equal to that of the main body of the building. The thermal insulation material is built into the block, and there is still a thick protective layer on the outside, which is conducive to building fire prevention, and the protective layer protects the thermal insulation material from harsh environmental images and ensures the life of the thermal insulation material. the

4. There are few restrictions on the exterior decoration of the building, and it can be used as a clear water finish or a more complex exterior finish. The thermal insulation block is firmly bonded to the wall structure, and the base layer bonded to the exterior surface is still the outer wall of the block to ensure the strength of the bonded base layer. the

5. There is an air space layer on the outside of the thermal insulation material, which is convenient for the wall to dehumidify and prevents the decorative layer from being damaged due to the damp of the wall. The air interlayer on the outside of the thermal insulation material is connected to the upper and lower layers, which is conducive to the discharge of moisture and water that invades the wall, and prevents the performance of the wall from being affected by long-term damp. the

6. Factory production of materials reduces complex operating procedures that are prone to quality problems on site. The material is produced industrially, and the finished thermal insulation block is a qualified product when it leaves the factory. There are only civil construction procedures on site, and there are few links that affect the thermal insulation performance of the external wall, which is convenient for quality control. the

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the axonometric view of type I main building block 5 of the present utility model;

Fig. 2 is a 6-axis side view of the Type II main block of the utility model;

Fig. 3 is an axial side view of the male corner matching block 7 of the utility model;

Fig. 4 is an axial side view of the utility model's internal angle matching block 8;

Fig. 5 is a side view of the utility model hole matching block 9;

Fig. 6 is a block diagram of upper and lower skin blocks of the present utility model;

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the tie between the block and the main structure of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of pulling knot between blocks of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ring beam or frame beam of the present invention.

Among them, a in Fig. 6 is a block diagram of the upper skin block of the present utility model, and b is a block diagram of the lower skin block of the utility model.

In the figure, 1 is the main structure of the external wall; 2 is the ring beam cantilever; 3 is the floor cantilever; 4 is the thermal insulation material; 5 is the main block of type I; 6 is the main block of type II; 8 is an inner corner matching block; 9 is a hole matching block; 10 is a pre-embedded tie; 11 is a U-shaped tie; 12 is a masonry mortar; 13 is a ring beam; 19 is an outer surface layer.

Detailed ways

The utility model is described in detail below with reference to accompanying drawing. the

The external wall thermal insulation system of the externally attached masonry type composite thermal insulation sintered block is composed of the main block, the corner matching block and the hole matching block. Its main block type is divided into type I main block 5 and type II main block 6 . The corner matching block is divided into male corner matching block 7 and female corner matching block 8. Hole matching block 9 has only a kind of form, is used for wall body modulus coordination. the

For the external wall insulation system of externally attached masonry type composite thermal insulation sintered blocks as mentioned above, the main block of type I is used as the main block during masonry. Regularly, the upper and lower skin blocks should be hole-to-hole, rib to rib, the insulation materials should be aligned up and down, close to each other, tightly squeezed, and the main wall should minimize the joints. Type II main blocks are arranged at the end to align the walls at the turning points of the yin and yang corner walls. Between the block insulation layer and the wall surface of the main body of the structure, masonry mortar 12 is used to bond each other, and a rust-proof tie reinforcement mesh or pre-embedded tie pieces 10 are arranged at regular intervals along the vertical direction. The anchors shall be arranged in a quincunx shape, and the horizontal spacing of the anchors shall comply with the local seismic fortification requirements. the

In the above-mentioned externally attached masonry type composite thermal insulation sintered block external wall thermal insulation system, the two adjacent external walls between the main blocks are respectively indented to a certain size to form a vertical insulation material insertion groove along the height direction. Insert the thermal insulation material 4 therein, and ensure that the thermal insulation material has a certain thickness, which is used to cut off the thermal bridge of the vertical mortar joint between the blocks. The vertical mortar joints are strengthened with "U"-shaped anchors 11. After two adjacent blocks of the same skin are built, the "U"-shaped anchors 11 are inserted into the gaps between the brick ribs and insulation boards on both sides. , to strengthen the connection. the

The above-mentioned "U"-shaped tie piece 11, its reinforced connection method is suitable for the tie knots between all the same skin blocks in the system, and the arrangement position depends on the seismic fortification level. the

For the above-mentioned externally attached masonry type composite thermal insulation sintered block, its outer facing layer 19 can be external wall plastering or pasting external wall bricks through a mortar layer. the

In the above-mentioned externally attached masonry type composite thermal insulation sintered block external wall thermal insulation system, the turning points of the internal and external corners of the walls are respectively connected with the main block by using the internal corner matching block 8 and the male corner matching block 7, and ensuring The insulation material completely covers the wall. The supporting blocks of the inner corner and the outer corner adopt a uniform cross-section form, and 11 "U"-shaped connections are used at the end joints to strengthen the connection with the adjacent main block. The pre-embedded tie 10 is used between the female and male corner fittings and the main wall structure to strengthen the tie. In the anti-seismic fortification area, between the vertical yin and yang corner blocks, ф4~ф5 full-length vertical steel bars are respectively inserted in the holes, and the steel bars are connected with the main structure of the wall (reinforced concrete columns, reinforced concrete structural columns, core columns or The pre-embedded anchors 10 in the load-bearing wall) are bound with anchors. The yin and yang corner blocks are laid with horizontal steel mesh sheets to strengthen the tie with the adjacent main blocks at intervals of a certain height, or to make a full-length tie with the steel mesh sheets on the main wall. the

For the above-mentioned externally attached masonry type composite thermal insulation sintered block external wall thermal insulation system, when the size of the wall stacks on both sides of the door and window openings from the edge of the opening to the adjacent axis does not meet the modulus requirements, the openings are used to coordinate the modulus. Require. For example, if a 1800mm wide window opening is centered on the outer wall of a 3300mm bay or a 1500mm wide window opening is opened on the center of the outer wall of a 3000mm or 3600mm bay, there will be 150mm wide vacancies on both sides of the outer window opening. Blocks are connected to the main block. the

The cross-section of the above-mentioned opening block adopts a unified form, and a "U"-shaped connector 11 is used at the joint to reinforce the connection with the adjacent main block. The pre-embedded tie 10 is used between the hole matching block and the main body structure of the wall to strengthen the tie. In the seismic fortification area, between the vertical opening blocks, the holes are pierced with ф4~ф5 full-length vertical steel bars, which are connected with the main structure of the wall (reinforced concrete structural column, reinforced concrete column, core column or load-bearing wall). The pre-embedded draw tie member 10 binds draw knots. Between the hole matching block and the main block, horizontal steel mesh sheets are laid vertically at certain heights to strengthen the tie or to make full-length tie with the main wall steel mesh sheet. the

For the above-mentioned externally attached masonry type composite thermal insulation sintered block external wall thermal insulation system, a 100mm-high floor pick 3 is set at 13 ring beams on each floor of the building or at the floor level to support the thermal insulation masonry block, transferring its weight layered into the building's structural system. Paste thermal insulation material 4 on the outside of the pick to achieve thermal insulation effect. In order to make the facade smooth, the length of the overhang can be slightly shorter than that of the insulation block (combined with the thickness of the external insulation material). the

In the above-mentioned externally attached masonry type composite thermal insulation sintered block external wall thermal insulation system, the thermal insulation block above the door and window opening of the building can be cantilevered 90mm high from the lintel or ring beam in the wall structure part. Ring beam pick 2, in order to support. The insulation blocks above the opening can be cut to a suitable height for construction according to the height. The heat bridge position around the hole can be solved together by pasting the thermal insulation material 4 in combination with the installation of doors and windows and the decorative effect of the hole. the

Claims (8)

1. An externally attached masonry type composite thermal insulation sintered block external wall thermal insulation system, which includes the main structure of the external wall, ring beam picks, floor picks, thermal insulation materials, type I main blocks, type II main blocks, External corner matching blocks, internal corner matching blocks, hole matching blocks, pre-embedded tie pieces, U-shaped tie pieces, masonry mortar, ring beams, and exterior finishes, are characterized in that it is an externally pasted masonry type The composite thermal insulation sintered block is pasted on the outside of the outer wall structure of the building, the thermal insulation material is placed inside the sintered block, and an air space layer is left outside the thermal insulation material in the block, and a protective layer is provided on the outer side. 2. A kind of external wall thermal insulation system of a masonry type composite thermal insulation sintered block according to claim 1, characterized in that: the external masonry type composite thermal insulation sintered block is composed of a main block, a corner matching block and an opening Composition of matching blocks, in which the main block type is divided into type I main block and type II main block, and corner matching blocks are divided into male corner matching blocks and female corner matching blocks. 3. The externally pasted masonry type composite thermal insulation sintered block external wall thermal insulation system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the masonry method of type I main block is that the upper and lower skin blocks are hole-to-hole, rib to rib, Staggered joints, thermal insulation materials are aligned up and down, close to each other, tightly squeezed, and "U"-shaped tie pieces are used to strengthen the connection between the main blocks. 4. The externally attached masonry type composite thermal insulation sintered block external wall thermal insulation system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the end is equipped with a type II main block to align the wall surface at the turning point of the yin and yang corners , Between the block insulation layer and the wall of the main body of the structure, a rust-proof tie reinforcement mesh or tie pieces are arranged at a certain height along the vertical direction, and the tie pieces are arranged in a plum blossom shape. 5. The externally pasted masonry type composite thermal insulation sintered block external wall thermal insulation system according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the internal corner matching block and the male corner matching block are connected in a "U" shape at the joints at the ends The connection between the pieces and the adjacent main blocks is strengthened, and the pre-embedded tie pieces are used to strengthen the tie between the main structure of the wall. In the anti-seismic fortification area, between the vertical female and male corner blocks, respectively wear ф4 in the holes. ～ф5 full-length vertical steel bars, the steel bars are bound and tied with the pre-embedded tie parts in the main structure of the wall, and the internal corner matching blocks and the male corner matching blocks are laid with horizontal steel mesh sheets to reinforce the adjacent main blocks at intervals of a certain height Tie or make a full-length tie with the steel mesh on the main wall. 6. The externally pasted masonry type composite thermal insulation sintered block external wall thermal insulation system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: when the wall stacks on both sides of the door and window openings do not meet the modulus requirements from the edge of the opening to the adjacent axis size, Use holes to match blocks; The "U"-shaped connectors are used at the joints to strengthen the connection with the adjacent main blocks, and the pre-embedded tie-ties are used to strengthen the tie between the main structure of the wall. In the seismic fortification area, between the vertical opening blocks, The hole is pierced with ф4～ф5 full-length vertical steel bars, which are tied and tied with the pre-embedded tie parts in the main structure of the wall; Between the hole matching block and the main block, horizontal steel mesh sheets are laid vertically at certain heights to strengthen the tie or to make full-length tie with the main wall steel mesh sheet. 7. The externally pasted masonry type composite thermal insulation sintered block external wall thermal insulation system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: at the ring beam place or the floor elevation of each floor of the building, a 100mm high pick is set, The insulation material is pasted on the outside of the overhang to achieve the insulation effect. In order to make the facade smooth, the length of the overhang can be slightly shorter than that of the insulation block. 8. The externally pasted masonry type composite thermal insulation sintered block external wall thermal insulation system according to claim 6 is characterized in that: the thermal insulation block above the opening of the building door and window can be placed on the lintel or in the wall structure part The ring beam overhangs the 90mm high ring beam opening (2), and the insulation block above the opening can be cut to a suitable height for construction according to the height.

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