CN104366580A - 一种鱼肝羹的制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了鱼肝羹的制备方法,步骤如下:(一)鱼肝去腥;(二)制备豆沙;(三)制备鱼肝羹:鱼肝泥与果胶、琼脂、蔗糖、麦芽糖浆、豆沙和黑芝麻混合熬煮,即得。本发明将鱼肝经挑选、洗涤、低温浸泡去腥、预煮及绞碎成泥处理,再配以手制豆沙,经过与蔗糖和麦芽糖浆共同糖化熬制去腥等一系列工序制成鱼肝羹,该产品晶透红润,口感爽滑细腻,口味香甜无腥味,营养丰富,可作为青少年和中老年人补充维生素A和维生素D及微量矿物质的休闲性食品。本发明为鱼肝的精深加工和精细食用提供了一种新途径,对水产品下脚料的增值加工有重要意义。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种鱼肝羹的制备方法,属于食品加工领域。
背景技术
目前,随着电脑、手机等电子产品的普及,人们的用眼强度显著高于过去,这使得眼睛干涩、用眼疲劳等眼疾问题日益突显,尤其是青少年儿童,由于学业加重,近视眼的发病率也越来越高,且日趋小龄化。相关组织正积极建议食品加工行业在食品加工中多投入些肝脏,以改善人们体内的有机铁和甲种维生素的缺乏现象。
鱼肝和其他动物肝脏一样,含有较高的维生素A和维生素D等脂溶性维生素,以及铁锌等微量元素,经常食用鱼肝不仅可以改善视力,还可以预防少年儿童因缺铁锌等微量元素引起的营养不良症。但是,目前在我国只有部分鱼肝被用于生产鱼肝油及动物饲料,而大多数作为鱼类加工的下脚料被废弃,未被充分利用,造成资源的浪费。另外,与禽畜动物肝脏相比,鱼类肝脏的不饱和脂肪酸含量高,胆固醇含量低,是比较理想的营养补充原料。
发明内容
针对上述现有技术,本发明提供了一种鱼肝羹的制备方法,这不仅可以解决目前鱼肝利用率不高、资源浪费等问题,使鱼肝资源充分食品化,提高其附加值,而且本发明采用低温浸泡、焦糖化共同作用的除腥技术,降低了鱼肝在生产加工中因腥味所受的限制,弥补了现有技术中的不足。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的:
一种鱼肝羹的制备方法,步骤如下:
(一)鱼肝去腥:
(1)挑选原料:取鱼肝,解冻,选取结构完整,色泽均匀的鱼肝,将其切分成两半;
(2)洗涤:用水清洗,把血和其它污物冲洗干净,以免影响鱼肝羹的色泽与口味;
(3)低温去腥:将上述洗净的鱼肝浸泡在混合液中2~3小时,温度1~4℃,去除部分腥味;所述混合液是由食盐、料酒和水组成的,其中,食盐占2%~4%(质量百分数),料酒占5%~10%(质量百分数);
(4)预煮:将上述浸泡后的鱼肝放入90~100℃水中翻煮5~10分钟至基本无肝血,以避免影响鱼肝羹的风味,并且抑制微生物的生长;
(5)绞碎:将上述预煮后的鱼肝沥水冷却,切成小块,摘除血管、筋等异物,用调理机绞成泥状,得鱼肝泥;
(二)制备豆沙:
(1)选料:选取颗粒饱满、完整的豇豆,去除沙粒等杂质;
(2)泡发:将挑选好的豇豆放入水中浸泡12~24h;
(3)煮熟:将发泡的豇豆在高压锅内蒸煮20~30分钟;
(4)制沙:将煮熟的豇豆与水比以质量比1:1~2的比例用调理机打成豆浆,用50目纱布过滤出豆皮,然后将剩下的豆浆液用100目纱布挤压脱水,得豆沙;
(三)制备鱼肝羹:
(1)将琼脂与果胶以质量比1.5:1的比例加入水中,文火加热5~10分钟,使琼脂与果胶充分溶解;
(2)向上述溶液中加入蔗糖,加热2~3分钟并不断搅拌,温度105~110℃,然后在搅拌的同时加入麦芽糖浆,搅拌5~8分钟,其中,果胶与蔗糖的质量比为1:40,蔗糖与麦芽糖浆的质量比为2:1;
(3)向上述溶液中加入鱼肝泥,搅拌5~10分钟,温度110~130℃,然后加入豆沙和黑芝麻,继续搅拌2~5分钟,其中,果胶与鱼肝泥的质量比为1:5,鱼肝泥、豆沙和黑芝麻三者的质量比为1:4:0.3;
(4)将上述熬制好的液体注入磨具内,冷却后即为红润晶透、口感爽滑细腻的鱼肝羹成品。
本发明的鱼肝羹的制备方法,将鱼肝经挑选、洗涤、低温浸泡去腥、预煮及绞碎成泥处理,再配以手制豆沙,经过与蔗糖和麦芽糖浆共同糖化熬制去腥等一系列工序制成鱼肝羹,该产品晶透红润,口感爽滑细腻,口味香甜无腥味,营养丰富,可作为青少年和中老年人补充维生素A和维生素D及微量矿物质的休闲性食品。本发明为鱼肝的精深加工和精细食用提供了一种新途径,对水产品下脚料的增值加工有重要意义。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步的说明。下述实施例中未详尽描述的原料、试剂、方法等,若无特别说明,均为现有技术中的常规原料、试剂、方法。
实验低温浸泡与糖化处理双重除腥对产品感官的影响,并确定料酒、蔗糖与麦芽糖浆的最佳添加量
采用下述方法制备鱼肝羹产品:
(一)鱼肝去腥:
(1)挑选原料:取鱼肝,解冻,选取结构完整,色泽均匀的鱼肝,将其切分成两半;
(2)洗涤:用水清洗,把血和其它污物冲洗干净,以免影响鱼肝羹的色泽与口味;
(3)低温去腥:将上述洗净的鱼肝50g浸泡在200g的混合液中浸泡2.5小时,温度1~4℃,去除部分腥味;所述混合液是由食盐、料酒和水组成的,其中,食盐占3%(质量百分数),料酒加入的量见表2;
(4)预煮:将上述浸泡后的鱼肝放入90~100℃水中翻煮10分钟至基本无肝血,以避免影响鱼肝羹的风味,并且抑制微生物的生长;
(5)绞碎:将上述预煮后的鱼肝沥水冷却,切成小块,摘除血管、筋等异物,用调理机绞成泥状,得鱼肝泥;
(二)制备豆沙:
(1)选料:选取颗粒饱满、完整的豇豆200g,去除沙粒等杂质;
(2)泡发:将挑选好的豇豆放入水中浸泡24h;
(3)煮熟:将发泡的豇豆在高压锅内蒸煮25分钟;
(4)制沙:将煮熟的豇豆放入调理机,加入300g水打成豆浆,用50目纱布过滤出豆皮,然后将剩下的豆浆液用100目纱布挤压,得豆沙;
(三)制备鱼肝羹:
(1)取10g果胶溶于水中配成4%的果胶溶液,再向其中加入15g琼脂,文火加热10分钟,边加热边搅拌,使琼脂与果胶充分溶解;
(2)向上述溶液中加入蔗糖(加入的量见表2),加热3分钟并不断搅拌,温度维持在105~110℃,然后在搅拌的同时加入麦芽糖浆(加入的量见表2),继续加热搅拌5分钟;
(3)向上述溶液中加入鱼肝泥50g,搅拌10分钟,温度维持在110~130℃,然后加入豆沙200g和黑芝麻15g,继续加热搅拌5分钟;
(4)将上述熬制好的液体注入磨具内,冷却后即为鱼肝羹成品。
对所得产品的感官作出评价,评价依据见表1。
表1 感官评定要求表
表2 正交因素水平表
试验结果见表3表4。
表3正交试验分析表
根据表2知,以感官评定总分为指标,影响鱼肝羹产品感官因素的主次关系为B(蔗糖添加量)>A(料酒添加量)>C(麦芽糖浆添加量),根据因素均值确定鱼肝羹制备的最适条件为:A2B2C1,即料酒质量分数8%,蔗糖添加量400g,麦芽糖浆添加量200g。
根据表2得出的最适条件,按照上述制备方法,制得的鱼肝羹产品与未经低温浸泡除腥处理制得的的鱼肝羹进行比较,结果见表4。
表4 不同除腥处理对产品感官影响结果
根据表4可知,经过低温浸泡和糖化处理双重作用,对产品的色泽和口感影响不大,但对其除腥效果明显高于未经低温浸泡处理,由此可见,低温浸泡加糖化处理共同作用在鱼肝羹产品制备的除腥处理中有重要作用。
实施例1 制备鱼肝羹
步骤如下:
(一)鱼肝去腥:
(1)挑选原料:取鱼肝,解冻,选取结构完整,色泽均匀的鱼肝,将其切分成两半;
(2)洗涤:用水清洗,把血和其它污物冲洗干净,以免影响鱼肝羹的色泽与口味;
(3)低温去腥:将上述洗净的鱼肝50g浸泡在200g的混合液中浸泡2.5小时,温度1~4℃,去除部分腥味;所述混合液是由盐、料酒和水组成的,其中,食盐占3%(质量百分数),料酒占8%(质量百分数);
(4)预煮:将上述浸泡后的鱼肝放入90~100℃水中翻煮10分钟至基本无肝血,以避免影响鱼肝羹的风味,并且抑制微生物的生长;
(5)绞碎:将上述预煮后的鱼肝沥水冷却,切成小块,摘除血管、筋等异物,用调理机绞成泥状,得鱼肝泥;
(二)制备豆沙:
(1)选料:选取颗粒饱满、完整的豇豆200g,去除沙粒等杂质;
(2)泡发:将挑选好的豇豆放入水中浸泡24h;
(3)煮熟:将发泡的豇豆在高压锅内蒸煮25分钟;
(4)制沙:将煮熟的豇豆放入调理机,加入300g水打成豆浆,用50目纱布过滤出豆皮,然后将剩下的豆浆液用100目纱布挤压,得豆沙;
(三)制备鱼肝羹:
(1)取10g果胶溶于水中配成4%的果胶溶液,再向其中加入15g琼脂,文火加热10分钟,边加热边搅拌,使琼脂与果胶充分溶解;
(2)向上述溶液中加入蔗糖400g,加热3分钟并不断搅拌,温度维持在105~110℃,然后在搅拌的同时加入麦芽糖浆200g,继续加热搅拌5分钟;
(3)向上述溶液中加入鱼肝泥50g,搅拌10分钟,温度维持在110~130℃,然后加入豆沙200g和黑芝麻15g,继续加热搅拌5分钟;
(4)将上述熬制好的液体注入磨具内,冷却后即为鱼肝羹成品。该产品晶透红润,口感爽滑细腻,口味香甜无腥味,营养丰富,可作为青少年和中老年人补充维生素A和维生素D及微量矿物质的休闲性食品。
Claims (1)
1.一种鱼肝羹的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤如下:
(一)鱼肝去腥:
(1)挑选原料:取鱼肝,解冻,选取结构完整,色泽均匀的鱼肝,将其切分成两半;
(2)洗涤:用水清洗,把血和其它污物冲洗干净;
(3)低温去腥:将上述洗净的鱼肝浸泡在混合液中2~3小时,温度1~4℃,去除部分腥味;所述混合液是由盐、料酒和水组成的,其中,盐占2%~4%,料酒占5%~10%;
(4)预煮:将上述浸泡后的鱼肝放入90~100℃水中翻煮5~10分钟;
(5)绞碎:将上述预煮后的鱼肝沥水冷却,切成小块,摘除血管、筋,绞成泥状,得鱼肝泥;
(二)制备豆沙:
(1)选料:选取颗粒饱满、完整的豇豆;
(2)泡发:将豇豆放入水中浸泡12~24h;
(3)煮熟:将发泡的豇豆蒸煮20~30分钟;
(4)制沙:将煮熟的豇豆打成豆浆,用50目纱布过滤出豆皮,然后将剩下的豆浆液用100目纱布挤压脱水,得豆沙;
(三)制备鱼肝羹:
(1)将琼脂与果胶以质量比1.5:1的比例加入水中,加热5~10分钟;
(2)向上述溶液中加入蔗糖,加热2~3分钟并不断搅拌,温度105~110℃,然后在搅拌的同时加入麦芽糖浆,搅拌5~8分钟,其中,果胶与蔗糖的质量比为1:40,蔗糖与麦芽糖浆的质量比为2:1;
(3)向上述溶液中加入鱼肝泥,搅拌5~10分钟,温度110~130℃,然后加入豆沙和黑芝麻,继续搅拌2~5分钟,其中,果胶与鱼肝泥的质量比为1:5,鱼肝泥、豆沙和黑芝麻三者的质量比为1:4:0.3;
(4)上述熬制后的液体冷却后即为鱼肝羹。
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