CN1043346C - 季酮酸烷酯的制备方法 - Google Patents

季酮酸烷酯的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN1043346C
CN1043346C CN93106843A CN93106843A CN1043346C CN 1043346 C CN1043346 C CN 1043346C CN 93106843 A CN93106843 A CN 93106843A CN 93106843 A CN93106843 A CN 93106843A CN 1043346 C CN1043346 C CN 1043346C
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约阿希姆·伦茨纳
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    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D307/00Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D307/02Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings
    • C07D307/34Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D307/38Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms
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    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D307/00Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D307/02Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings
    • C07D307/34Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D307/56Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D307/60Two oxygen atoms, e.g. succinic anhydride

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Abstract

本发明揭示了制备式Ⅰ所示季酮酸烷酯
(其中R为C1-C6烷基)的新方法,它是在第一步反应中,在强酸存在下,将4-卤代乙酰乙酸烷酯与亚硫酸二烷基酯反应,转化为4-卤代-3-烷氧基-2E-丁烯酸烷酯;然后在第二步反应中,将其与甲酸盐和强酸进行环化而生成最终产物。

Description

季酮酸烷酯的制备方法
本发明涉及一种制备季酮酸(4-羟乙酰乙酸内酯)烷酯的新方法,其通式为
Figure C9310684300041
其中R表示C1-C6烷基,来自4-卤代-乙酰乙酸烷酯,其通式为
Figure C9310684300042
其中X表示氯或溴,R1表示一个C1-C6烷基。
季酮酸烷酯是制造生物活性药物(维生素、性激素等)的重要中间产品(Pelter等,J.Chem.Soc.Perkin Trans I,1987,第717-742页)。
至今已知有许多制备季酮酸烷酯的方法。例如欧洲专利EP-A 409147描述一种从4-氯-3-乙氧基-2E-丁烯酸烷酯制备季酮酸烷基酯的方法,此法系在190-260℃之间的温度下,于惰性气体气氛中,在无溶剂存在情况下,将4-氯-3-乙氧基-2E-丁烯酸烷酯转化为相应的季酮酸烷酯。
此法的最大缺点是在大规模工业中不能实行,并且会产生氯乙烷,这是一种令人担忧的副产物。
本发明的任务是提供一种可进行大工业生产而又经济的制备季酮酸烷酯的方法。
这一任务是用新方法来完成的。
本发明的方法是这样实施的,在惰性气体气氛下,第一步将如下式Ⅱ所示4-卤代-乙酰乙酸烷酯
Figure C9310684300051
其中X和R1定义如前述,与式Ⅲ亚硫酸二烷基酯反应
(RO)2S=O                 Ⅲ其中R定义如前述,转化为相应的中间体酮缩醇酯,然后将其在强酸存在下转化成4-卤代-3-烷氧基-2E-丁烯酸烷酯,其结构式为
Figure C9310684300052
其中X,R和R1定义如前述;然后第二步再将其与甲酸盐和强酸环化得到式Ⅰ最终产物。
本方法的起始物质4-卤代-乙酰乙酸C1-C6烷酯可在工业化生产中,从双烯酮制得,其中卤素得自相应的酰基氯。
4-卤代-乙酰乙酸烷酯的合适代表是4-卤代-乙酰乙酸-甲酯、-乙酯、-丙酯、-异丙酯或丁酯,其中卤素表示溴原子或氯原子。
较好是使用4-氯乙酰乙酸乙酯,
亚硫酸二烷基酯(结构式Ⅲ)可就地通过亚硫酰二氯与相应的脂族醇转化而生成。脂族醇可使用甲醇、乙醇、丙醇、异丙醇或丁醇,较好是用乙醇,照此,生成的亚硫酸二乙酯即作为亚硫酸二烷基酯。为使之就地形成亚硫酸二烷基酯,要使用过量的乙醇,较好是2.5-4mol/mol亚硫酰二氯。
为了生成酮缩醇酯,第一步的转化反应宜在-10-60℃的温度范围内进行。
接着,生成4-卤代-3-烷氧基-2E-丁烯酸烷酯(式Ⅳ)的转化反应是在强酸存在条件下,于60-120℃的适宜温度下进行的。
在反应中生成的低沸点组份以蒸馏法去除。
强酸以采用甲磺酸或对甲苯磺酸为宜,较好是采用甲磺酸。
强酸以催化量20-30mmol/mol 4-卤代-乙酰乙酸烷酯(式Ⅱ)加入。
一般反应3-6小时后可分离出式Ⅳ所示4-卤代-3-烷氧基-2E-丁烯酸烷酯或者直接用于第二步反应。优选的是4-卤代-3-烷氧基-2E-丁烯酸烷酯不经分离直接用于第二步反应。
第二步,4-卤代-3-烷氧基-2E-丁烯酸烷酯环化生成季酮酸是用强酸和甲酸盐进行的。
强酸可采用在第一步反应中所述的相同的甲磺酸或P-甲苯磺酸。
甲酸盐可使用碱金属甲酸盐或碱土金属甲酸盐,碱金属甲酸盐可采用甲酸钠或甲酸钾,碱土金属甲酸盐可采用甲酸镁或甲酸钙。
甲酸盐的用量要过量于4-卤代-3-烷氧基-2E-丁烯酸烷酯(式Ⅳ)的量,较好为过量于4-卤代-3-烷氧基-2E-丁烯酸烷酯5-15重量%。
在第二步反应中采用极性的非质子传递溶剂。
极性的非质子传递的溶剂可采用二甲基甲酰胺和水的混合物。
较好的是二甲基甲酰胺与水以1.5-1.8的克分子比混和。
第二步反应在110-130℃温度下进行,较好的是在115-120℃时进行。
在反应10-15小时后可以用本专业的方法将季酮酸烷酯以好的得率分离出来。
实施例
季酮酸烷酯的制备
取4-氯乙酰乙酸乙酯(447.0kg;2.7kmol)和无水乙醇(621.4升),于惰性气体气氛下,在温度为-5--10℃时加入亚硫酰二氯(349.2kg;2.94kmol),使温度不超过20℃,在加入亚硫酰二氯后,温度从20℃升至60℃(0.3℃/分钟),加入甲磺酸(2.56kg;26mol)后温度从60℃升至120℃,收集蒸发的乙醇,然后在减压和110-120℃温度下将酮缩醇酯转化为4-氯-3-乙氧基-2E-丁烯酸乙酯,蒸出所生成的乙醇。
接着,将全部物料冷却至40℃,备于第二步反应用,然后在惰性气体气氛下加入甲磺酸(2.5kg;26mol)、甲酸钠(189.2kg;2.74kmol)、二甲基甲酰胺(513.4升)和水(75.8升)。
将内部温度提高至120℃后,将反应混和物搅拌12小时,将反应时生成的低沸点组份蒸馏去除。接着在30-50毫巴(mbar)下蒸馏去除二甲基甲酰胺。
将反应混和物用丙酮(500升)悬浮,过滤,并再用丙酮洗涤。
接着再蒸馏去除丙酮。
将含季酮酸乙酯的溶液冷却至20℃。
制得328.2kg含量为75%(按照GC法)的季酮酸乙酯(粗制品),相当于得率为75%。

Claims (10)

1.制备季酮酸烷酯的方法,其结构式为
Figure C9310684300021
其中R表示C1-C6烷基,该方法的特征在于,在惰性气体气氛下,在第一步反应中将如下式Ⅱ所示4-卤代-乙酰乙酸烷酯
Figure C9310684300022
其中Ⅹ为氯或溴,R1为C1-C6烷基,与式Ⅲ亚硫酸二烷基酯反应
(RO)2S=O                    Ⅲ其中R定义如前述,转化为相应的中间体酮缩醇酯,它在强酸存在下转化为4-卤代-3-烷氧基-2E-丁烯酸烷酯,其结构式为:其中X,R和R1定义如前述;然后第二步将其与甲酸盐和强酸环化得到式Ⅰ最终产物。
2.根据权利要求1的方法,其特征在于,在第一步反应中采用4-氯乙酰乙酸乙酯作为结构式Ⅱ的4-卤代-乙酰乙酸烷酯。
3.根据权利要求1的方法,其特征在于,在第一步采用亚硫酸二乙酯作为结构式Ⅲ的亚硫酸二烷基酯。
4.根据权利要求1或3的方法,其特征在于,在第一步反应中亚硫酰二氯与相应的脂族醇就地转化成结构式Ⅲ的亚硫酸二烷基酯。
5.根据权利要求1的方法,其特征在于,在第一步转化成中间形成的酮缩醇酯的反应是在-10-60℃下进行的,然后转化成结构式Ⅳ的4-卤代-3-烷氧基-2E-丁烯酸烷酯的反应是在60-120℃时进行的。
6.根据权利要求1的方法,其特征在于,在反应的第一步和第二步中用甲磺酸或P-甲苯磺酸作为强酸。
7.根据权利要求1的方法,其特征在于,在第二步反应中用碱金属甲酸盐或碱土金属甲酸盐作为甲酸盐。
8.根据权利要求1的方法,其特征在于,第二步反应是在二甲基甲酰胺和水的混合物中进行的。
9.根据权利要求1的方法,其特征在于,第二步反应是在110-130℃下进行的。
10.根据权利要求1的方法,其特征在于,进行转化反应时不须分离式Ⅳ中间产物。
CN93106843A 1992-06-11 1993-06-05 季酮酸烷酯的制备方法 Expired - Fee Related CN1043346C (zh)

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US5781081A (en) * 1995-09-01 1998-07-14 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. LC-type dielectric filter having an inductor on the outermost layer and frequency adjusting method therefor
CA2211503A1 (en) * 1996-09-04 1998-03-04 Josef Schroer Process for the preparation of tetronic acid derivatives
JP2001256751A (ja) * 2000-03-13 2001-09-21 Sony Corp シャッター及びこれを有するディスクカートリッジ
US7373951B2 (en) 2004-09-07 2008-05-20 Fisher Controls International Llc Control valve having “C” seal
JP5763231B1 (ja) 2014-02-18 2015-08-12 Whill株式会社 操作装置および電動モビリティ

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4880940A (en) * 1985-09-24 1989-11-14 Lonza Ltd. 4-alkoxy-3-pyrrolin-2-on-1-yl acetic acid alkyl esters
US5144047A (en) * 1989-07-20 1992-09-01 Lonza Ltd. Process for the production of tetronic acid alkyl esters

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2845037C2 (de) * 1978-10-16 1980-12-11 Fa. Dr. Willmar Schwabe, 7500 Karlsruhe Verfahren zur Herstellung von Tetronsäuremethylester
CH668423A5 (de) * 1986-06-19 1988-12-30 Lonza Ag Verfahren zur herstellung von 4-alkoxy-3-pyrrolin-2-onen.

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4880940A (en) * 1985-09-24 1989-11-14 Lonza Ltd. 4-alkoxy-3-pyrrolin-2-on-1-yl acetic acid alkyl esters
US5144047A (en) * 1989-07-20 1992-09-01 Lonza Ltd. Process for the production of tetronic acid alkyl esters

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JP3166017B2 (ja) 2001-05-14
PL173073B1 (pl) 1998-01-30
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DK0573999T3 (da) 1998-10-26
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FI932697A0 (fi) 1993-06-11
CN1083482A (zh) 1994-03-09
EP0573999A1 (de) 1993-12-15
US5310947A (en) 1994-05-10
HU9301717D0 (en) 1993-09-28
HUT64530A (en) 1994-01-28
JPH0656813A (ja) 1994-03-01
FI106124B (fi) 2000-11-30
AU3999493A (en) 1993-12-16
SK59893A3 (en) 1994-02-02
HU213832B (en) 1997-10-28
SK280170B6 (sk) 1999-09-10
DE59308915D1 (de) 1998-10-01
ATE170181T1 (de) 1998-09-15
IL105938A (en) 1997-04-15

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