CN104285538A - Treatment method of Melicope ptelefolia (Champ.ex Benth.) Hartley seeds and Melicope ptelefolia (Champ.ex Benth.) Hartley breeding method - Google Patents
Treatment method of Melicope ptelefolia (Champ.ex Benth.) Hartley seeds and Melicope ptelefolia (Champ.ex Benth.) Hartley breeding method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the plant breeding field and particularly relates to a treatment method of Melicope ptelefolia (Champ.ex Benth.) Hartley seeds and a Melicope ptelefolia (Champ.ex Benth.) Hartley breeding method. The treatment method of the seeds is capable of effectively avoiding seed harness, breaking through the period of dormancy of the Melicope ptelefolia (Champ.ex Benth.) Hartley seeds and shortening the germination time. With the improvement of seed acquisition, manual seed treatment, soil preparation, seed sowing and field management techniques, the operation is simple and convenient, the cost is low, the seedling breeding period is short, germination is quick, emergence rate is high, a firm technical foundation is laid for realizing industrial manual breeding of Melicope ptelefolia (Champ.ex Benth.) Hartley, an important role is played in increasing the Melicope ptelefolia (Champ.ex Benth.) Hartley breeding coefficient, protecting the wild resources and promoting sustainable utilization of the resources, and the treatment method and the Melicope ptelefolia (Champ.ex Benth.) Hartley breeding method have the economic prospect of wide and sufficient popularization.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to breeding plant field, be specifically related to a kind of processing method of evodia lepta seed and the mating system of evodia lepta.
Background technology
Evodia lepta Melicope ptelefolia (Champ.ex Benth.) Hartley, is Rutaceae honey fruit of medicinal cornel platymiscium, is used as medicine with dry stem, branch and band leaf spray.Evodia lepta begins to be loaded in " south of the Five Ridges gather medicinal herbs record ", have another name called that three forks are bitter, little Huang loose, Ji Gushu, three bifurcations are bitter, three rifles, trident tigers etc., for wild plant resource, be distributed in the provinces and regions such as Chinese Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Taiwan, Yunnan, primary growth is in the shrub of low mountain sparse woods and knob.
Evodia lepta plant is shrub or dungarunga, usual high 2-8m, complete stool bitter.Bark canescence, has Long Circle hole skin.Ye Weisan number compound leaf, to life; The long 3-10cm of petiole, base portion slightly swells; The oval shape lanceolar of vanelets, long 6-12cm, wide 2-6cm, papery, the blunt point of tip, full edge or irregular shallow wavy, bottle green above leaf, below yellow green, have gland point, petiolule is short.Umbrella room shape panicle armpit is raw, and floral axis and bennet, at the beginning by pubescence, gradually come off after spending.Spend little, unisexuality, yellow-white, slightly fragrance; Calyx drastic crack, extensively avette, be about 0.5mm; Petal is 4 lobes, and oval is to Long Circle, and long 1.5-2mm, has gland point; Male flower has stamen 4 lobe, and comparatively petal is long, and filigree is linear, flower pesticide ovum shape Long Circle, and degeneration ovary is short and small; Female flower ovary is close by hair, staminodium 4 lobe, short compared with petal, sterility of anthers.The normal 2-3 of Follicle radish fruit, rare 1 or 2, the dark yellow brown of exocarp, to bronzing, has newborn point; Seed black is glossy, and ovum shape is spherical.
Evodia lepta nature and flavor bitter cold, the effect have heat-clearing, detoxify, dispel the wind, dehumidifying, is mainly used in treatment and controls the diseases such as abscess of throat, treating rheumatic ostealgia, malaria, jaundice, eczema, dermatitis, traumatic injury and worm snake bite.Also be simultaneously the primary raw material medicinal material of famous Chinese patent drug SANJIU WEITAI KELI, Ganmaoling Granules etc., market demand is huge and increase year by year.And in recent years because forest plantation exploitation and state farm are built; wild resource is seriously damaged, and imbalance between supply and demand is day by day serious, therefore needs badly and carries out evodia lepta scale, standardized planting technical research; promote the industrialization of evodia lepta production of crude drugs, protect wild resource simultaneously.
Evodia lepta medicinal material main product Lingnan area, for wild product, under field conditions (factors) by seminal propagation, seed maturity is that early September is to early October, but there is strong phenomenon in its seed, dormancy time reaches 5-6 month, and therefore germination rate is extremely low usual less than 8%, and this is also cause evodia lepta to plant limited first cause.Chinese patent CN 103168600A discloses a kind of seedling-cultivating method of evodia lepta, describe the technology using seedling-raising cup the method adopting overhead layering to breed to breed evodia lepta seed, but the resting stage being still limited to evodia lepta seed is long and method exists the problems such as reproduction coefficient is low, seedling cost is high, growing-seedling period is long, the quick industrialization production being difficult to realize evodia lepta seedling is bred.Therefore how to break the dormancy of evodia lepta seed and then promote seed sprouting, thus by artificial propagation with cultivation evodia lepta industrialized development to expand source and the output of medicinal material, become the matter of utmost importance that evodia lepta breeds field.
Summary of the invention
For this reason, technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of processing method effectively can breaking the evodia lepta seed dormancy phase, and provide further a kind of germinate fast, emergence rate is high, can realize the evodia lepta mating system that industrialization produces.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of evodia lepta mating system, it is characterized in that, the method includes the steps of:
(1) soak: by the evodia lepta seed mass concentration of collection be 0.2 ?0.4% KMnO
4solution soaks; With clear water drip washing after immersion, and add ethyl acetate and again soak; After discarding ethyl acetate, with 35 ?mass concentration is 0.5-2% at 40 DEG C washing powder water soaking, and rub seed to seed coat in the solution and become yellow-white or rough surface, rinse to neutral with clear water;
(2) preserve: the thin river sand after the seed after immersion treatment and sterilizing is mixed and carries out piling husky storage, control temperature 20 ?30 DEG C of storages 50-60 days, control temperature 8 ?15 DEG C of storage 20-30 days, control in described storage the husky water content of described heap be 5 ?8%, piling height is no more than 40cm;
(3) cause: screen out thin river sand, preserve the seed after described storage process, prior to seeding described seed being dipped in concentration is cause process in the PEG solution of 180 ?220g/L, and rinses with clear water, to obtain final product.
Further, the processing method of described evodia lepta seed, comprises the steps:
(1) soak: be the KMnO of 0.3% by the evodia lepta seed mass concentration of collection
4solution soaks; With clear water drip washing after immersion, and add ethyl acetate and again soak; After discarding ethyl acetate, with 35 ?at 40 DEG C mass concentration be the washing powder water soaking of 1%, and rub seed to seed coat in the solution and become yellow-white or rough surface, rinse to neutral with clear water;
(2) preserve: the thin river sand after the seed after immersion treatment and sterilizing is mixed and carries out piling husky storage, control temperature 25 DEG C storage 50-60 days, control temperature 10 DEG C storage 20-30 days, control in described storage the husky water content of described heap be 5 ?8%, piling height is no more than 40cm;
(3) cause: screen out thin river sand, preserve the seed after described storage process, prior to seeding described seed being dipped in concentration is cause process in the PEG solution of 200g/L, and rinses with clear water, to obtain final product.
The processing method of described evodia lepta seed, comprises the steps: in described step (2), the volume ratio of described evodia lepta seed and described thin river sand be 1:2 ?4.
A kind of evodia lepta mating system, the method includes the steps of:
1) gather seed: gather evodia lepta fruit, dry in the shade, after pericarp cracking, take out seed;
2) seed treatment: according to claim 1 ?3 arbitrary described methods seed is processed; 3) wholely: weeding is turned over, airing sterilization to select deep, that fertility is higher, moisture the is sufficient subacidity red-yellow soil of soil layer to carry out, ridging bedding, and smooth furrow face;
4) sow: make base manure with mixed organic manure, and the evodia lepta seed uniform broadcasting after step (2) being processed is on seedbed, gets fine earth and cover, sprinkle water and keep seedbed moistening;
5) field management: water to keep seedbed moistening depending on weather condition, can carry out thinning final singling work when tool 3 pairs of true leaves, when evodia lepta seedling enters fast growing period, selectivity imposes composite fertilizer, and transplants in next year.
Described step 4) in, the total nutrient N+P of described mixed organic manure
2o
5+ K
2mass fraction>=25% of O, organic mass fraction is>=15%.
Described step 4) in, the seeding quantity of described evodia lepta seed be 7 ?9kg/ mu, and preferred 8kg/ mu.
Described step 5) in, in the nutrient of described composite fertilizer N:P:K be 10 ?20:10 ?20:10 ?20.
Described step 3) in, the furrow in described furrow face are high be 25 ?30cm, furrow face width 1.0 ?1.2m, furrow furrow width 45 ?55cm.
Described evodia lepta seed gathered in early September to early October, and started sowing mid-January next year.
Technique scheme of the present invention has the following advantages compared to existing technology:
The method of process evodia lepta seed of the present invention by after ethyl acetate process by the mode that washing powder water soaking is rubbed, the strong phenomenon of seed can be abolished, seed coat is made to move back wax, increase permeating properties of seed capsule, abandon dangerous high dense sulfuric acid treatment simultaneously, there is safety and environmental protection, be easy to operation, feature with low cost; Adopt the method for wet husky alternating temperature stratification simultaneously, evodia lepta seed dormancy can be broken, make the seed dormancy time foreshorten to 90 days by 6 months under natural conditions; After adopting PEG to cause prior to seeding further, can improve and sprout regularity and shorten sprout time.
The method that evodia lepta of the present invention is bred, by to seed collection, seed artificial treatment technology, wholely, sowing, the research of field management technology, the biological property of and dormancy strong for evodia lepta seed, through repetition test, analyze seed collection period, seed artificial treatment method, thicknesss of sowing etc. are on the impact of evodia lepta seedling breeding, and adopt appropriateness to strengthen the method for seeding quantity, effectively can control nursery weeds quantity, save land resources and human cost simultaneously, evodia lepta is bred according to the inventive method, wholely, sowing, after emerging, the emergence rate of evodia lepta can reach more than 35%.
Evodia lepta seedling breeding method of the present invention; easy and simple to handle, cost is low, the seedling breeding cycle is short; for the industrialization artificial breeding realizing evodia lepta establishes solid technical foundation; to raising evodia lepta reproduction coefficient; protection wild resource; promote that the sustainable use of resource is significant, compared to existing technology, the method for seedling-raising cup overhead layering breeding is also more easily promoted.
Experimental example
The different artificial processing method evodia lepta percentage of seedgermination experimental study of experimental example 1
1 materials and methods
1.1 experiment material
Experiment material is the wild evodia lepta seed (fruit and seed pictorial diagram are shown in Fig. 1,2) gathered in Heng Po town, Wuhua County, Growth in Meizhou City, Guangdong on September 15th, 2012.
1.2 experimental technique
1.2.1 different agent treated evodia lepta percentage of seedgermination experiment
After evodia lepta Fruit returns, dry in the shade, take out seed after pericarp cracking, being divided into 4 groups at random, often organizing 1000g, is 0.3%KMnO by mass percentage concentration
4solution disinfection is after 15 minutes, take out with after clear water drip washing, use following methods process respectively: (1) clear water process soaks 10 minutes, (2) concentrated sulfuric acid soaks 10 minutes, clear water rinses to neutral, and (3) benzinum soaks 10 minutes, and clear water rinses to neutral, (4) ethyl acetate soaks 10 minutes, and clear water rinses to neutral.After each group of seed treatment, with the washing powder water soaking 24 hours that the mass fraction of 35-40 DEG C is 1%, then rub seed to seed coat becomes yellow-white or rough surface in the solution, seed coat is made to take off wax, strengthen seed water-permeable and air permeable, rinse to neutral with clear water, then adopt the mode of now adopting and now broadcasting, often process on germinating bed that Stochastic choice 1000 seeds are placed in soil property identical with nursery and carry out Seed germination (see Fig. 3), statistics seed germinating time and germination rate.Above-mentioned experiment in triplicate, calculates average germination percentage.
1.2.2 the germination rate of evodia lepta seed under different reserve temperature
Through the seed that 1.2.1 item method (4) processes, after washing powder water treatment, rinse to neutral with clear water, be divided into 5 groups at random, often organize 1000g, (seed and thin river sand are by volume for 1:3 mixes in wet husky storage respectively, wet husky water content is 5%-8%, piling height is no more than 40cm) under following temperature condition: (1) is now adopted without storage and is now broadcast, preserve 90 days under (2) 25 DEG C of environmental conditions, preserve 90 days under (3) 10 DEG C of environmental conditions, preserve 90 days under (4) 0 DEG C of environment, preserve under (5) 25 DEG C of environmental conditions after 60 days, preserve 30 days under 10 DEG C of environmental conditions.After storage terminates, often process on germinating bed that Stochastic choice 1000 seeds are placed in soil property identical with nursery and carry out Seed germination, statistics seed sprouting initial time and germination rate.Above-mentioned experiment in triplicate, calculates average germination percentage.
1.2.3PEG the impact on evodia lepta seed germination is caused
Seed after 1.2.2 item method (5) storage, causes process with PEG before sowing: adopt PEG4000, if 100gL
-1, 150gL
-1, 200gL
-1, 250gL
-1, 300gL
-1totally 5 process, seed is dipped in a certain amount of liquid initiator, sealing, and in 20 DEG C of constant incubators, process 24 hours, takes out seed, and clear water is cleaned, and dries in order to sowing, not do the seed of initiation process in contrast.Often process on germinating bed that Stochastic choice 1000 seeds are placed in soil property identical with nursery and carry out Seed germination, statistics potentiality of seed and germination rate, when germination vigor is sowing 15 days, seed sprouting number accounts for the percentage of sowing number.Above-mentioned experiment in triplicate, calculates average germination percentage.
2 results and analysis
The percentage of seedgermination of 2.1 different agent treated
Under different disposal, percentage of seedgermination result is as shown in table 1.Result shows, it is strong that the concentrated sulfuric acid, ethyl acetate, benzinum process all can abolish evodia lepta seed, improves seed water-permeable and air permeable, shortens seed germinating time, improves percentage of seedgermination.Given this and the safety of practical operation but different agent treated percentages of seedgermination difference to some extent, the process of soaking 10 minutes with ethyl acetate is optimum, and, the process therefore selecting ethyl acetate to soak 10 minutes is suitable.
Evodia lepta seed sprouting situation under the different agent treated of table 1
The germination rate of evodia lepta seed under 2.2 different reserve temperatures
The seed sand bed that wets amasss process, and under different reserve temperature, percentage of seedgermination situation is as shown in table 2.Result shows, and evodia lepta seed exists dormancy, need through 25 DEG C of wet sand beds after long-pending 60 days, and alternating temperature to 10 DEG C ambient storage 30 days, significantly can break seed dormancy, shortens dormancy time, improves percentage of seedgermination.And constant temperature storage is not remarkable to breaking seed dormant effect, especially under 0 DEG C of environment storage, percentage of seedgermination significantly declines, after this and evodia lepta seed maturation in annual October, naturally need through off-season variations in temperature after coming off, until the natural phenomena just sprouted in Second Year 3-4 month is consistent, and Lingnan area winter temperature mean temperature about 10 DEG C, rare 0 DEG C of low temperature.
The germination of evodia lepta seed under the different holding conditions of table 2
2.3PEG causes the impact on evodia lepta seed germination
As can be seen from Table 3, PEG 4000 can significantly promote evodia lepta seed germination after causing.At 100gL
-1-300gL
-1under concentration process, raise with initiator concentration, germination vigor and the germination rate of evodia lepta seed all present the trend of falling after rising, with 200gL
-1concentration for the treatment of best, compare control group, potentiality of seed improves 208.6.5%, and germination rate improves 34.6%.Result shows, the PEG4000 of debita spissitudo, can promote the sprouting of evodia lepta seed, and improves sprouting regularity (seed germination figure is shown in Fig. 4).
Table 3 variable concentrations PEG 4000 processes the germination of lower evodia lepta seed
Experimental example 2 Different Harvesting Time evodia lepta percentage of seedgermination experimental study
1 materials and methods
1.1 experiment material
Experiment material is the wild evodia lepta seed gathered as Heng Po town, Wuhua County, Growth in Meizhou City, Guangdong 10 months September in 2012, and acquisition time is September 5, September 15, September 25 respectively.
1.1 experimental technique
After every batch of evodia lepta Fruit returns, dry in the shade, take out seed after pericarp cracking, measure thousand grain weigth, vitality at random.Be 0.3%KMnO by mass percentage concentration
4solution soaks 15 minutes, other process are with 1.2.2 (5) group, and add up thousand grain weigth, vitality after gathering, after planting add up percentage of seedgermination, germination condition is identical with above-mentioned each experiment, and every batch is in triplicate, calculate average germination percentage.
2. results and analysis
The seed collection time on germination rate to affect situation as shown in table 4.Result shows, picking time is (early September, when seed is just ripe) too early, and seed Empty grain rate is higher, and vitality is lower, is unfavorable for that the later stage germinates; Picking time is excessively late, although kernel maturing is higher, vitality is strong, and germination rate increases, and seed major part comes off, is unfavorable for collecting; Gather when ftractureing with fruit more than 1/2 the most suitable (mid or late September), both can ensure higher seed vigor, be unlikely to again seed and come off completely enough seeds of cannot gathering.
Table 4 Different Harvesting Time is on the impact of evodia lepta percentage of seedgermination
Experimental example 3 different thickness of sowing evodia lepta breeding experiment is studied
1 materials and methods
1.1 experiment material
Experiment material is the wild evodia lepta seed gathered in Heng Po town, Wuhua County, Growth in Meizhou City, Guangdong on September 15th, 2012, is 0.3%KMnO by mass percentage concentration
4solution soaks 15-20 minute, 10 minutes are soaked with ethyl acetate under room temperature condition after the drip washing of taking-up clear water, discard liquid, then be the washing powder water soaking 24 hours of 1% with the mass fraction of 35-40 DEG C, then rub seed to seed coat becomes yellow-white or rough surface in the solution, seed coat is made to take off wax, strengthen seed water-permeable and air permeable, rinse to neutral with clear water, with thin river sand by volume for 1:3 mixes, wet husky water content is 8%, piling height is no more than 40cm, preserve 60 days under 25 DEG C of environmental conditions, preserve 30 days under 10 DEG C of environmental conditions, in order to sowing.
1.2 experiment places
This is tested in 2012, carries out in evodia lepta nursery base, Heng Po town, Meizhou City Wuhua County.Sample plot is located in north latitude 23 ° of 23', east longitude 115 ° of 18', belongs to subtropics monsoon season, and sample plot physical features is smooth, on the sunny side, irrigation and drainage are convenient, and the soil is porous, and soil fertility is medium, and previous crops is peanut.The bedding of whole ground, furrow face width 1.0m, high 30cm furrow furrow width 50cm.Planting site soil physico-chemical property: content of organic matter 14.2g/kg, full nitrogen 1.19g/kg, available nitrogen 103.60mg/kg, full phosphorus 0.89g/kg, rapid available phosphorus 26.30mg/kg, full potassium 21g/kg, available potassium 135.00mg/kg.
1.3 experimental design
Experiment establishes 3 process: M1 (broadcast sowing, seeding quantity is 4kg/ mu), M2 (seeding quantity is 8kg/ mu), M3 (seeding quantity is 12kg/ mu).The group arrangement of random district, repeats for 3 times, 9 communities, each plot area 10m2 (long 10m × wide 1m) totally, and surrounding plantation evodia lepta makes protection row.
1.4 cultivation management
Sow by 1.3 experimental designs, before sowing, under 20 DEG C of conditions, seed is dipped in 200gL
-1cause 24 hours in PEG4000 solution, after initiation, seed clear water rinses sowing well.After planting 15-20 days, has seed sprouting to emerge, and within 25-40 days, a large amount of evodia lepta seedling is unearthed afterwards.Seedling waters depending on weather condition after being unearthed, and keeps seedbed moistening, before carrying out thinning final singling work, in image data by the end of April, and record seedbed unit are number of weeds, seedling number and seedling early growth data.Other field management measures are with local Production of Large Fields.
2. results and analysis
Under different thickness of sowing, evodia lepta nursery result is as shown in table 5.Result shows, under different thickness of sowing, seedling stage weeds in field number, seedling emergence number and seedling early growth situation be different.Strengthening thickness of sowing can significantly suppress weeds in field to grow, and improve seedling in garden quantity, but the excessive rear seedling early growth of density is overstocked, is unfavorable for seedling early growth and later stage thinning work.Therefore during selected evodia lepta nursery, the thickness of sowing of the best is 8kg/ mu, emerge comparatively neat, and weeds in field is less.
Breed described evodia lepta seed according to the seeding quantity of 8kg/ mu, select with potted plant and field plantation pattern, experimental result is shown in shown in accompanying drawing 5 and 6 respectively, visible, the mating system of the evodia lepta under this thickness of sowing, emerges neater, and weeds in field is less, be convenient to field management.
Table 5 thickness of sowing is on the impact of evodia lepta nursery
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to make content of the present invention be more likely to be clearly understood, below according to specific experiment example of the present invention also by reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is further detailed explanation, wherein
Fig. 1 is evodia lepta fruit pictorial diagram in experimental example 1 of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is evodia lepta seed pictorial diagram in experimental example 1 of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is evodia lepta seed treatment experiment in experimental example 1 of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is evodia lepta seed germination figure in experimental example 1 of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the potted plant seedling figure of evodia lepta of 8kg/ mu thickness of sowing in experimental example 3 of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the evodia lepta field plantation seedling figure of 8kg/ mu thickness of sowing in experimental example 3 of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Wild evodia lepta seed is gathered in Heng Po town, Meizhou City Wuhua County in mid-September, 2012, former plant is accredited as rutaceae evodia lepta Melicope ptelefolia (Champ.ex Benth.) Hartley through South China Botanical Garden Ye Huagu researcher, after seed collection dries in the shade, be 0.3%KMnO September 27 by mass percentage concentration
4solution soaks 15 minutes, 10 minutes are soaked with ethyl acetate under room temperature condition after the drip washing of taking-up clear water, discard liquid, then be the washing powder water soaking 24 hours of 1% with the mass fraction of 39 DEG C, then rub seed to seed coat becomes yellow-white or rough surface in the solution, make seed coat take off wax, strengthen seed water-permeable and air permeable, rinse to neutral with clear water; With thin river sand by volume for 1:3 mixes, wet husky water content is 7%, piling height 35cm, preserve 60 days under 25 DEG C of environmental conditions, preserve 30 days under 10 DEG C of environmental conditions, duration of storage regularly checks wet husky temperature and humidity, meets abnormal high temperature, also the wet sand of watering maintenance is in time moistening need to stir wet sand cooling, preserves and has seed sprouting to when 86 days.After storage terminates in by the end of December, 2012, Asia, Yang En village, Heng Po town, Wuhua County Ji row planting site selection of land 2 mu, ridging bedding, artificial smooth furrow face, furrow height 27cm, furrow face width 1.1m, furrow furrow width 50cm.Sowing date is on January 5th, 2013, and seed, except sand, under 20 DEG C of conditions, is dipped in 200gL by sowing fore worker
-1cause 24 hours in PEG 4000 solution, after initiation, seed clear water is rinsed well, broadcast sowing on seedbed by 8kg/ mu even density, earthing 0.5cm, broadcast rear employing equipment of sprinkler irrigation and sprinkle water to seedbed, keep seedbed moistening, stratification, had seed to emerge successively after about 18 days, and within 30 days, a large amount of seedling is unearthed afterwards.Seedling stage removes weeds in field in time, during to April 2, and seedling tool 5 pairs of true leaves, height of seedling 9cm, start thinning, thinning density is 8 × 10cm, waters normal root water in time after thinning, meet hot weather after entering June and need set up shade and regular trickle, treat seedling Feng Hanghou, remove sunshade net.After June, evodia lepta seedling enters fast growing period, suitably can impose composite fertilizer (N:P:K=15:15:15), execute based on thin, every mu of 5kg, and interval fertilising in 2 months 1 time, topdresses altogether 2 times, note trickle after fertilising.To in March, 2014, plant height can reach more than 60cm, can carry out transplanting work, carry out nursery in this way, and the qualified seedling of per mu yield can reach more than 40,000 strains.
Embodiment 2
Wild evodia lepta seed is gathered in Heng Po town, Meizhou City Wuhua County in early September, 2012, former plant is accredited as rutaceae evodia lepta Melicope ptelefolia (Champ.ex Benth.) Hartley through South China Botanical Garden Ye Huagu researcher, after seed collection dries in the shade, be 0.3%KMnO September 7 by mass percentage concentration
4solution soaks 20 minutes, 10 minutes are soaked with ethyl acetate under room temperature condition after the drip washing of taking-up clear water, discard liquid, then be the washing powder water soaking 24 hours of 1% with the mass fraction of 35 DEG C, then rub seed to seed coat becomes yellow-white or rough surface in the solution, make seed coat take off wax, strengthen seed water-permeable and air permeable, rinse to neutral with clear water; With thin river sand by volume for 1:3 mixes, wet husky water content is 8%, piling height 35cm, preserve 60 days under 20 DEG C of environmental conditions, preserve 30 days under 8 DEG C of environmental conditions, duration of storage regularly checks wet husky temperature and humidity, meets abnormal high temperature, also the wet sand of watering maintenance is in time moistening need to stir wet sand cooling, preserves and has seed sprouting to when 86 days.After storage terminates in by the end of December, 2012, Asia, Yang En village, Heng Po town, Wuhua County Ji row planting site selection of land 2 mu, ridging bedding, artificial smooth furrow face, furrow height 25cm, furrow face width 1.2m, furrow furrow width 50cm.Sowing date is on January 5th, 2013, and seed, except sand, under 20 DEG C of conditions, is dipped in 200gL by sowing fore worker
-1cause 24 hours in PEG 4000 solution, after initiation, seed clear water is rinsed well, broadcast sowing on seedbed by 7kg/ mu even density, earthing 1cm, broadcast rear employing equipment of sprinkler irrigation and sprinkle water to seedbed, keep seedbed moistening, stratification, had seed to emerge successively after about 15 days, and within 40 days, a large amount of seedling is unearthed afterwards.Seedling stage removes weeds in field in time, to April, and seedling tool 5 pairs of true leaves, height of seedling 5cm, start thinning, thinning density is 8 × 10cm, waters normal root water in time after thinning, meet hot weather after entering June and need set up shade and regular trickle, treat seedling Feng Hanghou, remove sunshade net.After June, evodia lepta seedling enters fast growing period, suitably can impose composite fertilizer (N:P:K=15:15:15), execute based on thin, every mu of 5kg, and interval fertilising in 2 months 1 time, topdresses altogether 2 times, note trickle after fertilising.To in March, 2014, plant height can reach more than 60cm, can carry out transplanting work, carry out nursery in this way, and the qualified seedling of per mu yield can reach more than 40,000 strains.
Embodiment 3
Wild evodia lepta seed is gathered in Heng Po town, Meizhou City Wuhua County in early October, 2012, former plant is accredited as rutaceae evodia lepta Melicope ptelefo lia (Champ.ex Benth.) Hartley through South China Botanical Garden Ye Huagu researcher, after seed collection dries in the shade, be 0.3%KMnO October 7 by mass percentage concentration
4solution soaks 15 minutes, 10 minutes are soaked with ethyl acetate under room temperature condition after the drip washing of taking-up clear water, discard liquid, then be the washing powder water soaking 24 hours of 1% with the mass fraction of 40 DEG C, then rub seed to seed coat becomes yellow-white or rough surface in the solution, make seed coat take off wax, strengthen seed water-permeable and air permeable, rinse to neutral with clear water; With thin river sand by volume for 1:3 mixes, wet husky water content is 5%, piling height 35cm, preserve 50 days under 30 DEG C of environmental conditions, preserve 20 days under 15 DEG C of environmental conditions, duration of storage regularly checks wet husky temperature and humidity, meets abnormal high temperature, also the wet sand of watering maintenance is in time moistening need to stir wet sand cooling, preserves and has seed sprouting to when 86 days.After storage terminates in by the end of December, 2012, Asia, Yang En village, Heng Po town, Wuhua County Ji row planting site selection of land 2 mu, ridging bedding, artificial smooth furrow face, furrow height 30cm, furrow face width 1.0m, furrow furrow width 50cm.Sowing date is on January 5th, 2013, and seed, except sand, under 20 DEG C of conditions, is dipped in 200gL by sowing fore worker
-1cause 24 hours in PEG 4000 solution, after initiation, seed clear water is rinsed well, broadcast sowing on seedbed by 9kg/ mu even density, earthing 0.5cm, broadcast rear employing equipment of sprinkler irrigation and sprinkle water to seedbed, keep seedbed moistening, stratification, had seed to emerge successively after about 20 days, and within 25 days, a large amount of seedling is unearthed afterwards.Seedling stage removes weeds in field in time, during to April 2, and seedling tool 5 pairs of true leaves, height of seedling 10cm, start thinning, thinning density is 5 × 10cm, waters normal root water in time after thinning, meet hot weather after entering June and need set up shade and regular trickle, treat seedling Feng Hanghou, remove sunshade net.After June, evodia lepta seedling enters fast growing period, suitably can impose composite fertilizer (N:P:K=15:15:15), execute based on thin, every mu of 5kg, and interval fertilising in 2 months 1 time, topdresses altogether 2 times, note trickle after fertilising.To in March, 2014, plant height can reach more than 60cm, can carry out transplanting work, carry out nursery in this way, and the qualified seedling of per mu yield can reach more than 40,000 strains.
Obviously, above-described embodiment is only for clearly example being described, and the restriction not to embodiment.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description.Here exhaustive without the need to also giving all embodiments.And thus the apparent change of extending out or variation be still among the protection domain of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. a processing method for evodia lepta seed, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(1) soak: by the evodia lepta seed mass concentration of collection be 0.2 ?0.4% KMnO
4solution soaks; With clear water drip washing after immersion, and add ethyl acetate and again soak; After discarding ethyl acetate, with 35 ?mass concentration is 0.5-2% at 40 DEG C washing powder water soaking, and rub seed to seed coat in the solution and become yellow-white or rough surface, rinse to neutral with clear water;
(2) preserve: the thin river sand after the seed after immersion treatment and sterilizing is mixed and carries out piling husky storage, control temperature 20 ?30 DEG C of storages 50-60 days, control temperature 8 ?15 DEG C of storage 20-30 days, control in described storage the husky water content of described heap be 5 ?8%, piling height is no more than 40cm;
(3) cause: screen out thin river sand, preserve the seed after described storage process, prior to seeding described seed being dipped in concentration is cause process in the PEG solution of 180 ?220g/L, and rinses with clear water, to obtain final product.
2. the processing method of evodia lepta seed according to claim 1, is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
(1) soak: be the KMnO of 0.3% by the evodia lepta seed mass concentration of collection
4solution soaks; With clear water drip washing after immersion, and add ethyl acetate and again soak; After discarding ethyl acetate, with 35 ?at 40 DEG C mass concentration be the washing powder water soaking of 1%, and rub seed to seed coat in the solution and become yellow-white or rough surface, rinse to neutral with clear water;
(2) preserve: the thin river sand after the seed after immersion treatment and sterilizing is mixed and carries out piling husky storage, control temperature 25 DEG C storage 50-60 days, control temperature 10 DEG C storage 20-30 days, control in described storage the husky water content of described heap be 5 ?8%, piling height is no more than 40cm;
(3) cause: screen out thin river sand, preserve the seed after described storage process, prior to seeding described seed being dipped in concentration is cause process in the PEG solution of 200g/L, and rinses with clear water, to obtain final product.
3. the processing method of evodia lepta seed according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, comprises the steps: in described step (2), the volume ratio of described evodia lepta seed and described thin river sand be 1:2 ?4.
4. an evodia lepta mating system, is characterized in that, the method includes the steps of:
1) gather seed: gather evodia lepta fruit, dry in the shade, after pericarp cracking, take out seed;
2) seed treatment: according to claim 1 ?3 arbitrary described methods seed is processed;
3) wholely: weeding is turned over, airing sterilization to select deep, that fertility is higher, moisture the is sufficient subacidity red-yellow soil of soil layer to carry out, ridging bedding, and smooth furrow face;
4) sow: make base manure with mixed organic manure, and by step 2) evodia lepta seed uniform broadcasting after process on seedbed, get fine earth and cover, sprinkle water and keep seedbed moistening;
5) field management: water to keep seedbed moistening depending on weather condition, can carry out thinning final singling work when tool 3 pairs of true leaves, when evodia lepta seedling enters fast growing period, selectivity imposes composite fertilizer, and transplants in next year.
5. evodia lepta mating system according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described step 4) in, the total nutrient N+P of described mixed organic manure
2o
5+ K
2mass fraction>=25% of O, organic mass fraction is>=15%.
6. evodia lepta mating system according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described step 4) in, the seeding quantity of described evodia lepta seed be 7 ?9kg/ mu.
7. according to claim 4 ?6 arbitrary described evodia lepta mating systems, it is characterized in that, described step 5) in, in the nutrient of described composite fertilizer N:P:K be 10 ?20:10 ?20:10 ?20.
8. according to claim 4 ?7 arbitrary described evodia lepta mating systems, it is characterized in that, described step 3) in, the furrow in described furrow face are high be 25 ?30cm, furrow face width 1.0 ?1.2m, furrow furrow width 45 ?55cm.
9. according to claim 4 ?8 arbitrary described evodia lepta mating systems, it is characterized in that, described evodia lepta seed gathered in early September to early October, and started sowing mid-January next year.
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