CN104067869A - Novel chemical cotton topping method for use in shine early cotton region - Google Patents
Novel chemical cotton topping method for use in shine early cotton region Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of agricultural technology, in particular to a novel chemical cotton topping method for use in a shine early cotton region. The novel chemical cotton topping method comprises the following steps: from the seeding stage to maturation stage of cotton, spraying mepiquat chloride onto leaf surfaces for performing basic conventional chemical control; when the plant heights are 55-65 centimeters and the fruit branch quantity is 6-8 at the cotton maturation stage, spraying a chemical topping aqueous solution onto the top of cotton plants, wherein the chemical topping aqueous solution comprises the following components in parcentage by weight: 15-20 percent of mepiquat chloride soluble powder, 5-10 percent of Tuyouta cotton topping aqueous solution and 70-80 percent of water, and the using amount of the chemical topping aqueous solution is 40-50ml per mu. Through mechanical spraying and topping, the effects of topping and regulating plant growth are achieved, plant growth is inhibited, the labor force and labor intensity are reduced, the topping efficiency is increased, the topping cost is reduced, the yield is increased, and full-mechanical cotton production can be realized instead of manual topping.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural technology field, relate in particular to a kind of precocious cotton region new cotton and spend the chemistry method of pinching.
Background technology
Northern Xinjiang section belongs to Shine Early cotton subprovince, and cotton growth is short season, overemployment, and Cotton Production has a big risk, and culture technique is had relatively high expectations, especially higher to the requirement of Mechanization Level.Through long-term exploration and practice, this district's Cotton Production is applied fertilizer from ploughing to, has substantially been realized cotton mechanization from being seeded into the each link of results, only fails to realize mechanization in cotton topping link.The problem of " pinching " is the key link of restriction formation cotton entire mechanization always, last link in cotton entire mechanization is planted by Ye Shi formation, if solved the problem of pinching, not only can cost-saving synergistic, realize cotton entire mechanization, and can liberate labour, shorten Topping Time, to be that cotton in Xinjiang is planted the another great technological revolution after plastic mulching, water-saving irrigation, mechanical cotton picking in cotton history, the development of formation and even world's Cotton Industry is produced to important function.
At present cotton topping technology comprises and manually pinching and the machinery two kinds of modes of exempting to pinch, manually pinch take a lot of work, time-consuming, cost is high, and quality and effect also bad, more and more can not meet the efficient requirement of Cotton Production entire mechanization and abridged edition.Machinery is exempted from the technology of pinching and is mainly comprised that machinery is pinched and machinery sprays chemistry two technology of agent of exempting to pinch.Machinery is still immature in pinching and studying at home, although Xinjiang formation has also carried out the research and production of cotton top-cutting machine, mechanical property structure is at present also under test.Because there is higher requirement the machinery aspect such as flat condition, the uniformity coefficient of Cotton growth height to soil in process of pinching, cotton plant cotton buds and bolls are caused to certain mechanical damage simultaneously, reduce cotton boll forming number, thereby have a strong impact on output of cotton, this technology is still unrealized large-scale demonstration popularization at present.And machinery to spray the chemistry agent of exempting to pinch be the new technology that development in recent years is got up, it is that the chemistry of taking as the leading factor with biologic product is exempted from the technology of pinching.This technology cost-saving synergistic is remarkable, has effectively improved efficiency, has alleviated labour intensity, and can significantly improve the ageing of cotton topping, is that the most promising current cotton mechanization is learned the technology of pinching of exempting from.The at present chemistry agent of exempting to pinch has exceeded 100,000 mu in the use in Xinjiang, since 2010, on biologic product selling market, Xinjiang, successively there is the multiple agent product of pinching, wherein the maximum of use are flumetralim and native excellent tower, because flumetralim is aqueous emulsion, need spray for 2 times, consumption is more, also need to coordinate chlormequat chloride soluble powder and Cotton growth medication, operating technology is higher, and practicality is limited.
Chinese patent CN102823411.A discloses the chemistry method of pinching that grows cotton, it sprays chlormequat chloride for 3-5 days and carries out basisization control before and after cotton initial bloom stage, the foliage-spray chemistry agent of pinching before and after cotton full-bloom stage, spray chemistry and pinch and within 3-15 days, spray chlormequat chloride after agent and stablize plant type control, the described agent of pinching is that chlormequat chloride aqueous emulsion, water and flumetralim emulsion are formulated.The agent of pinching of this invention is aqueous emulsion, in aqueous emulsion dilution with the dissolubility of water not as aqua good, the assimilation effect spraying application to behind blade face does not have the absorption ratio of aqua high, and the need of work of pinching in this patented technology carries out secondary and sprays operation, operating procedure is many, operation is numerous and diverse, dosing is large, and machinery sprays cost and strengthens, and flumetralim sprays and requires also high to operating technology.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide and a kind ofly spray simple to operate, precocious cotton region that less demanding to operating technology, dosing is little, absorption efficiency is high, cost is low new cotton and spend the chemistry method of pinching.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of precocious cotton region new cotton is spent the chemistry method of pinching, and it comprises the steps:
(1) cotton seeding stage to the bell phase is carried out the basis control that routinizes to foliage-spray chlormequat chloride;
(2) the cotton knot bell phase is in the time of plant height 55-65cm, fruit branch number of units 6-8 platform, spray the chemistry aqua of pinching at cotton plant top, the described chemistry aqua of pinching comprises following component by weight percentage, the water of 15-20% chlormequat chloride soluble powder, the 5-10% excellent tower cotton topping aqua of soil and 70-80%, the described chemistry aqua consumption of pinching is 40-50ml/ mu;
(3) spray chemistry and pinch after aqua, in conjunction with the control that routinizes of last chlormequat chloride, every mu of cotton field sprays potassium dihydrogen phosphate 100～200g.
The precocious cotton region of above-mentioned one new cotton is spent the chemistry method of pinching, and the Cotton growth of the step (1) described in it is crossed when prosperous, and routinizing to adjust on the basis of usage amount in locality increases chlormequat chloride soluble powder consumption 2-3g.
The precocious cotton region of above-mentioned one new cotton is spent the chemistry method of pinching, in step (2) described in it, native excellent tower cotton topping aqua comprises the component of following ratio, by weight percentage, comprise flumetralim emulsion, 0.01% naphthalene boronic acids, 15-20% emulsifier, 8-15% dispersant, 5-10% cosolvent and the 2-5% stabilizing agent of 20-25%.
The precocious cotton region of above-mentioned one new cotton is spent the chemistry method of pinching, and the time that sprays of the step (2) described in it is the centre of the time of dripping for twice.
The precocious cotton region of above-mentioned one new cotton is spent the chemistry method of pinching, and the time that sprays of the step (2) described in it is the 3-5 days after dripping.
The precocious cotton region of above-mentioned one new cotton is spent the chemistry method of pinching, and when step (2) Cotton growth described in it is vigorous, the chemistry consumption of chlormequat chloride soluble powder in aqua of pinching increases 5g, is watered 20-25kg.
The precocious cotton region of above-mentioned one new cotton is spent the chemistry method of pinching, and the step (2) described in it is spraying the chemistry aqua of pinching from 20cm place, cotton plant top.
The precocious cotton region of above-mentioned one new cotton is spent the chemistry method of pinching, the chemistry of the step (2) described in it aqua of pinching adopts the preparation of secondary returning water dilution method, first to the water that adds half capacity in medicine-chest, the each components dissolved weighing is made and poured medicine-chest into after mother liquor and stir, again topped up with water in medicine-chest is stirred.
Beneficial effect:
Chemistry of the present invention pinch agent be a kind of contact hold concurrently local in the aqua that suppresses of absorption efficient plant growth.Spray cotton plant type compactness after this medicament, plant height becomes short, stem and fruit branch internode all shortens, become bell good, permeability is good, increase the light transmittance of cotton middle and lower part canopy, be conducive to growth and the blow-of-cottons of middle and lower part cotton boll, be conducive to later stage defoliant and spray all even disleaves, be easy to the mechanical harvesting of machine cotton picking.By regulating the steric structure that can change fruit branch and blade tip, be conducive to increase population density, give full play to fertilizer and moisture effect, improve rich water availability.
The present invention sprays chemical agent mode by machinery and pinches, and has concurrently and pinches and two kinds of effects of coordinate plant growth, suppresses growth rate of cotton plant thereby realize, reduce artificial and labour intensity, improve the efficiency of pinching, reduce cotton topping cost, increase output, reach the object of cost-saving synergistic.Alternative manually pinching realized the mechanization of cotton in Xinjiang whole production process.
Embodiment
For technological means, creation characteristic that the present invention is realized, reach object and effect is easy to understand, below in conjunction with embodiment, further set forth the present invention.
The present invention includes three basic operating procedures:
First, carry out the basis control that routinizes in cotton seeding stage to the bell phase to foliage-spray chlormequat chloride, chlormequat chloride control and the liquid manure cultivation step such as plan strategies for carries out according to local cotton variety routine.For the cotton field of over growth, can within 5-10 days before chemistry is pinched, change and adjust 1 time, adjust by local normalization on the basis of usage amount, take the circumstances into consideration to increase chlormequat chloride soluble powder 2-3g and mix use.
Secondly,, according to soil, Cotton growth differently, cotton variety, sprays medicine as long as reach the fruit number of units of kind requirement in conjunction with the principle of pinching.In the cotton knot bell phase during when plant height 55-65cm, fruit branch number of units 6-8 platform, spray the chemistry aqua of pinching at cotton plant top, the described chemistry aqua of pinching comprises following component by weight percentage, the water of 15-20% chlormequat chloride soluble powder, the 5-10% excellent tower cotton topping aqua of soil and 70-80%, the described chemistry aqua consumption of pinching is 40-50ml/ mu.As vigorously in Cotton growth can suitably increase the chemistry chlormequat chloride soluble powder 5g in aqua that pinches, be watered 20-25kg.The excellent tower cotton topping of described soil aqua comprises the component of following ratio, by weight percentage, comprises flumetralim emulsion, 0.01% naphthalene boronic acids, 15-20% emulsifier, 8-15% dispersant, 5-10% cosolvent and the 2-5% stabilizing agent of 20-25%.
Conventionally the time backward delay that spray date should more locally manually be pinched is carried out for 5-6 days, conventionally brings into use-15 days on the 5th July.Spray date and the irrigation time of dripping need be adjusted, and spray date should be in the centre of dripping for upper and lower twice, are the Best Times of spray medicine after namely dripping after 4～5 days.
Finally, pinch after aqua spraying chemistry, in conjunction with the control that routinizes of last chlormequat chloride, every mu of cotton field sprays potassium dihydrogen phosphate 100～200g.
Dosage:
(1) chemistry every mu of consumption 40～50ml of aqua that pinches, as vigorously in Cotton growth can suitably increase chlormequat chloride soluble powder 5g, is watered 20-25kg.The sprinkler height of top spray is controlled at from cotton plant top 20cm, is beneficial to liquid and fully sprays application to cotton plant top.Can not with other combined use of pesticides, can only spray with chlormequat chloride soluble powder mixture.
(2) for the cotton field of over growth, can within 5-10 days before chemistry is pinched, change and adjust 1 time, adjust by local normalization on the basis of usage amount, take the circumstances into consideration to increase chlormequat chloride soluble powder 2-3g and mix use.The cotton field general for growing way or growth is weak, adjusts usage amount to carry out chlormequat chloride control by local normalization.
Dosage: medicament need carry out using after secondary dilution, concrete grammar: (1) is ready to one, bucket before making up a prescription, and one, measurer, with the accuracy that ensures to make up a prescription.(2) first to the half that adds water in medicine-chest, pour bucket into by the good drug dose of measurer weightometer and prepare mother liquor, add medicine-chest to carry out backwater stirring in mother liquor; Again water is filled it up with and stirred.
Spray requirement:
(1) locomotive is connected with sprayer and guarantees solid and reliablely, and the installation of spray boom is parallel to the ground, highly suitable.Dispenser machinery should have pressure regulation, relief arrangement with pump, pressure regulation reposefully within the scope of specified or maximum working pressure, and atomisation pressure is O.3-0.4MPa.Should be under rated operating pressure before dispenser, fill water examination spray field investigation, do not occur that sound, connector are loosening, leakage of oil, drainage.Dispenser machinery must be furnished with three-stage filtration and antiseptic property.
(2) while sprinkling, should first give power, then open liquor charging switch and spray, when parking, should first close liquor charging switch, rear cut-out power.In the turning course of the edge of a field, power take-off should rotate all the time, and to keep the stirring of liquid in medicine-chest, but liquor charging switch must be closed condition.
(3) locomotive, entering necessary medicine-chest, jet pipe, the shower nozzle of cleaning before cotton field, has been debugged shower nozzle, accomplishes that atomization is good, and liquid is even, the lower water yield 20-25kg of mu, and spray boom height is from cotton plant 20cm, and locomotive shunting speed is controlled at second gear, 4-5 kilometer per hour.
(4) mother liquor configuring is poured into after medicine-chest, be stirred, can descend ground operation.
(5) chemistry is pinched after agent dispenser, and in conjunction with the control that routinizes of last chlormequat chloride, every mu of cotton field sprays potassium dihydrogen phosphate 100～200g.
Points for attention:
(1) chemistry pinch aqua need with chlormequat chloride soluble powder mutually coordinate dosage use, can not mix with agricultural chemicals use.
(2) need to be according to each round area definition spraying volume when dispenser, accomplish that fixed point, quantitative dosing add water, come and go and check, all close in every tank and every plot, and mark track route before dispenser is accomplished not leak heavy.
(3) in spraying operation, should note wind speed, wind direction, mechanical spraying wind speed should be lower than 4 metre per second (m/s)s.Should diligently check that shower nozzle has or not clogging, if any stopping up cleaning during shutdown immediately.
(4) in product, be added with strong binding be stained with agent dispenser 6 hours with interior chance rainfall without again spraying.
(5) should avoid rainy day and direct sunlight period at noon, with in the afternoon 17～18 carry out spraying effect the best.Product can not be deposited below at 0 DEG C.
Application test:
Within (1) 2013 year, four fields are taken turns on the tested ground one of research of agricultural science institute of Shihezi of Xinjiang cotton, 42 mu of areas, and kind is new land early No. 62, sowing on April 16.Carrying out according to the method described above chemistry exempts to pinch, July 20 left and right cotton self sealing top, final cotton plant height 65-74cm, individual plant bell number and Dan Lingchong more manually pinch respectively many O.6 and 0.2g, unginned cotton's output 243kg more manually pinches and contrasts 227kg/ mu volume increase 17kg/ mu, volume increase 7%.
Within (2) 2013 years, 130 3 of the 7th teachers connect waste No. 12 articles of fields, west, 30 mu of areas, and kind is that Shandong cotton is ground No. 24, sowing on April 17.Carry out according to the method described above chemistry and exempt to pinch, early August cotton self sealing top, final cotton plant height 84-95cm, 12.6 of final boll per plants, contrast bell number and maintain an equal level with manually pinching, the lint yield 407kg/ mu contrast 410kg/ mu underproduction 3kg/ mu of more manually pinching, the underproduction 0.7%.
184 agricultural technique spread stations of (3) 2013 years the tenth teachers experimental field, 25 mu of areas, kind is that gold is cultivated 5-6, April 17 sowing.Carrying out according to the method described above chemistry exempts to pinch, early August cotton self sealing top, final cotton plant height 65-70cm, fruit branch number of units contrasts manually to pinch increases 1-2 platform, the four fruit branch cotton buds and bolls that fall contrast manually to pinch increases by 1 times, 4.5 of boll per plants contrast manually to pinch and increase by 1.9, and unginned cotton's output 201kg/ mu is more manually pinched and contrasted 189kg/ mu volume increase 12kg/ mu, volume increase 6%.
149 No. 91 articles of fields of (4) 2013 years the 8th teachers, 80 mu of areas, kind is new land early No. 45, sowing on April 10.Carrying out according to the method described above chemistry exempts to pinch, early August cotton self sealing top, final cotton plant height 75-85cm, fruit branch number of units contrasts manually to pinch increases 1-2 platform, the four fruit branch cotton buds and bolls that fall contrast manually to pinch increases by 1 times, and 5 of boll per plants contrast manually to pinch increases 0.5g, unginned cotton's output 320kg/ mu, the contrast 300kg/ mu of more manually pinching increases production 20kg/ mu, volume increase 6%.
In the process of application the present invention technology; for those of ordinary skills; can be improved or convert spraying time and dosage in conjunction with local conditions according to the above description, and all operations technical method all should belong to the protection domain of claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. precocious cotton region new cotton is spent the chemistry method of pinching, and it is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(1) cotton seeding stage to the bell phase is carried out the basis control that routinizes to foliage-spray chlormequat chloride;
(2) the cotton knot bell phase is in the time of plant height 55-65cm, fruit branch number of units 6-8 platform, spray the chemistry aqua of pinching at cotton plant top, the described chemistry aqua of pinching comprises following component by weight percentage, the water of 15-20% chlormequat chloride soluble powder, the 5-10% excellent tower cotton topping aqua of soil and 70-80%, the described chemistry aqua consumption of pinching is 40-50ml/ mu;
(3) spray chemistry and pinch after aqua, in conjunction with the control that routinizes of last chlormequat chloride, every mu of cotton field sprays potassium dihydrogen phosphate 100～200g.
2. the precocious cotton region of one according to claim 1 new cotton is spent the chemistry method of pinching, and it is characterized in that, the Cotton growth of described step (1) is crossed when prosperous, and routinizing to adjust on the basis of usage amount in locality increases chlormequat chloride soluble powder consumption 2-3g.
3. the precocious cotton region of one according to claim 1 new cotton is spent the chemistry method of pinching, it is characterized in that, in described step (2), native excellent tower cotton topping aqua comprises the component of following ratio, by weight percentage, comprise flumetralim emulsion, 0.01% naphthalene boronic acids, 15-20% emulsifier, 8-15% dispersant, 5-10% cosolvent and the 2-5% stabilizing agent of 20-25%.
4. the precocious cotton region of one according to claim 1 new cotton is spent the chemistry method of pinching, and it is characterized in that, the time that sprays of described step (2) is the centre of the time of dripping for twice.
5. the precocious cotton region of one according to claim 1 new cotton is spent the chemistry method of pinching, and it is characterized in that, the time that sprays of described step (2) is the 3-5 days after dripping.
6. the precocious cotton region of one according to claim 1 new cotton is spent the chemistry method of pinching, and it is characterized in that, when described step (2) Cotton growth is vigorous, the chemistry consumption of chlormequat chloride soluble powder in aqua of pinching increases 5g, is watered 20-25kg.
7. the precocious cotton region of one according to claim 1 new cotton is spent the chemistry method of pinching, and it is characterized in that, described step (2) is spraying the chemistry aqua of pinching from 20cm place, cotton plant top.
8. the precocious cotton region of one according to claim 1 new cotton is spent the chemistry method of pinching, it is characterized in that, the chemistry of described step (2) aqua of pinching adopts the preparation of secondary returning water dilution method, first to the water that adds half capacity in medicine-chest, the each components dissolved weighing is made and poured medicine-chest into after mother liquor and stir, again topped up with water in medicine-chest is stirred.
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| CN201410170088.1A CN104067869B (en) | 2014-04-25 | 2014-04-25 | Chemical cotton topping method for shine early cotton region |
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Cited By (7)
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| CN104823643A (en) * | 2015-04-20 | 2015-08-12 | 唐兴龙 | Cotton planting method |
| CN105638205A (en) * | 2016-01-06 | 2016-06-08 | 新疆农垦科学院 | Cotton planting method |
| CN106305791A (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2017-01-11 | 北京神农源生物科技发展有限公司 | Biological topping-avoiding agent for cotton |
| CN106818855A (en) * | 2017-02-16 | 2017-06-13 | 新疆农业大学 | One chemistry that grows cotton is pinched agent |
| CN111466410A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-07-31 | 中棉小康生物科技有限公司 | Plant growth regulator for cotton topping |
| CN114503893A (en) * | 2022-03-01 | 2022-05-17 | 新疆农垦科学院 | Xinjiang early-middle-maturing upland cotton chemical topping and later-period management method |
| CN114616993A (en) * | 2022-03-01 | 2022-06-14 | 新疆农垦科学院 | Method for chemically topping cotton by utilizing agricultural unmanned aerial vehicle |
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| CN106305791A (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2017-01-11 | 北京神农源生物科技发展有限公司 | Biological topping-avoiding agent for cotton |
| CN106305791B (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2020-05-01 | 北京神农源生物科技发展有限公司 | Cotton biological topping-free agent |
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| CN111466410A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-07-31 | 中棉小康生物科技有限公司 | Plant growth regulator for cotton topping |
| CN114503893A (en) * | 2022-03-01 | 2022-05-17 | 新疆农垦科学院 | Xinjiang early-middle-maturing upland cotton chemical topping and later-period management method |
| CN114616993A (en) * | 2022-03-01 | 2022-06-14 | 新疆农垦科学院 | Method for chemically topping cotton by utilizing agricultural unmanned aerial vehicle |
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