CN102823411A - Chemical topping method of cotton - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a chemical topping method of cotton, comprising the following steps of: a, 3-5 days before and after the first bloom period of the cotton, spraying mepiquat chloride to carry out basic chemical control so that the cotton can grow stably without growing vigorously, wherein the dosage of the mepiquat chloride is 4-10g/mu; b, before and after the full bloom period of the cotton, spraying chemical topping agent on leaf surfaces, wherein the spray should be higher than the cotton plants, the dosage of the chemical topping agent is 40-80ml/mu and 15-30kg of water is mixed; and c, 3-15 days after the spraying of the chemical topping agent, spraying the mepiquat chloride to stabilize the chemical control of plant type, wherein the dosage of the plant type is 8-15g/mu, and the topping agent comprises the following components is percentage by weight: 20-30% of mepiquat chloride emulsion, 40-60% of water and 15-25% of flumetralin emulsion. Through the method, the automatic topping of the cotton can be realized, the topping quality can be ensured, the topping uniformity of cotton fields can be improved, the labor efficiency can be improved and the labor intensity can be lightened.

Description

The one chemistry method of pinching that grows cotton

Technical field

The present invention relates to agricultural technology field, in particular the chemistry method of pinching that grows cotton.

Background technology

China is cotton production, consumption and big trading nation, and the cotton industry is significant in national economy.At present, in China's grain, cotton, the oil three big industries, cotton is the most intensive industry of working, and has had a strong impact on people and has planted cotton enthusiasm.Pinching is a key link of Cotton in China cultivation management, directly influences ultimate output and the quality of cotton.Cotton is the warm crop of happiness, has the indeterminate growth habit, in order to make full use of effective vegetative period, reduces the generation of invalid cotton buds and bolls, when cotton gets into the certain growth stage (about flowering and boll-setting period), need pinch.All the time; Cotton in China is produced to go up and is adopted artificial method of pinching (to pinch by hand and remove cotton stem apical growing point; Sometimes also need remove the growing point of fruit branch and promptly beat crowd's point); The efficient of pinching is low, labour intensity is big, and mu input cost of labor is high, has also hindered the further reduction of further raising of mechanization level and cost of cotton plantation simultaneously.

Pinch for substituting the cotton manual work, people attempt to develop the machinery of pinching, and early 1960s, Aug. 1st agricultural college agricultural machinery system just developed the horse traction cotton top-cutting machine, and Shihezi Univ has developed group control formula single file profile modeling cotton top-cutting machine (Hu Bin etc., 2008 again in recent years; Sieve is listened etc., and 2008; Tang Jun etc., 2008), but influence all big because of the cotton individual difference, various unfavorable factors such as the cotton field is uneven, the underproduction fails effectively to promote.

Also have the researcher to have carried out the test of chemical agent control cotton apical dominance, Li Xue etc. (2009) have studied the sad first vinegar of foliage-spray, capric acid first vinegar and 6-benzyladenine (6-BA) and cotton have been gone the influence of pushing up.The result shows that sad first vinegar, capric acid first vinegar and the processing of 6-BA suitable concentration can replace manual work to pinch to a certain extent.Yet do not see in cotton production and to use the operation of pinching of such material.Li Xinyu etc. (2001) have carried out the long-staple cotton chemistry and have bound and replace artificial test of pinching, and the result shows to bind with chemistry and replaces manual work and pinch and can alleviate hand labor intensity, improves operating efficiency, improves output.But single binding with DPC can not be satisfied the requirement of producing well, and be especially more undesirable for the control effect of upland cotton, is difficult to apply.Over the past two years, occurred cotton pinch agent, Pesticidal products such as training agent etc. on the agricultural materials market, yet the corresponding cotton chemistry technology of pinching lacked research, did not more form standard and standard, very easily output of cotton, quality was had a negative impact.

It is thus clear that manual work this labour intensive link of pinching is the problem that presses for solution in the cotton production.Its major defect has:

(1) workload is big, efficient is low, pinch for each person every day 3 mu of less thaies of skilled worker;

(2) difficult operation, the manual work method difficulty of pinching has strict standard, and general the requirement destroyed top one leaf wholeheartedly, difficult identification, and it is excessive or too small to be easy to pinch.Pinching excessive is the method for " greatly seizing ", and this method has been removed several fruit branches more, is equivalent to shift to an earlier date the time of pinching, and has not only wasted the nutriment that is used on these several the fruit branches, has also had a strong impact on output of cotton; It is too small to pinch, and then is difficult for distinguishing a little fruit branch at terminal bud and top, think a uppermost fruit branch by mistake terminal bud easily and picked-off, and it is many to take a lot of work.

(3) poor in timeliness.If by everyone control of production quotas of 2 hectares, the then whole process of pinching will be used the time about 10 days, be difficult to accomplish the unified requirement that finishes fast, be easy to miss effective critical squaring period.

(4) be prone to no marking.The no marking phenomenon was serious when manual work was pinched, and needed several times of inspection or mend to pinch just can reach better effects several times.

(5) regularity of pinching is low.Different labor person inconsistently all can influence the cotton field regularity at inconsistent or time of pinching of standard of pinching.

Therefore, there is defective in prior art, needs to improve.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to; Provide a kind of Chemical Control to substitute the method that the cotton manual work is pinched; This method be before and after the cotton initial bloom stage 3-5 days the foliage-spray mepiquat chloride (Mepiquat chloride) carry out the basis control; (when cotton plant has 2-5 platform fruit branch to bloom) sprays the chemistry agent of pinching before and after the cotton full-bloom stage, sprays the casing coupling peace in 3-15 days afterwards once more and stablizes the plant type control.The present invention utilizes the cotton chemistry powerful performance that suppresses the cotton apical dominance of agent of pinching, and combines plant growth regulator casing coupling peace to control the action principle of internode elongation, cotton is carried out chemistry bind.Thereby can make cotton substitute manual work from binding through method of the present invention pinches.

Technical scheme of the present invention is following:

The one chemistry method of pinching that grows cotton, concrete operations are following:

A, cotton initial bloom stage front and back sprayed mepiquat chloride in 3-5 days and carry out the basis control, made cotton growth sane, avoided cotton to be in prosperous long situation, mepiquat chloride dosage 4-10 gram/mu;

(when cotton plant has 2-5 platform fruit branch to bloom) foliage-spray chemistry agent of pinching before and after the b, cotton full-bloom stage, spraying should be higher than cotton plant, and chemistry is pinched the agent consumption every mu of 40-80 milliliter, converts water 15-30 kilogram;

C, spray chemistry and pinch and spray mepiquat chloride in 3-15 days after the agent and stablize the plant type control, mepiquat chloride dosage is at 8-15 gram/mu;

The described agent of pinching is: by weight percentage, and the mepiquat chloride aqueous emulsion of 20%-30%, the water of 40%-60%; The flumetralim emulsion of 15%-25%.

The present invention utilizes chemical control method to substitute manual work and pinches, thereby can guarantee the quality of pinching, and improves the cotton field regularity, raises labour efficiency, and alleviates hand labor intensity.Along with the raising of flexibe work(labour) cost, reduce work and drop into, simplify and plant cotton process to plant cotton benefit for raising significant.Chemistry is pinched further simplifying the cotton culture measure, reduces work and drops into, and increases and plants cotton benefit.

Present technique can be carried out the scale application, and the alternative manual work of method that sprays chemical agent through machinery is pinched, and does not influence output of cotton and quality; The extensive use of chemical fedtilizers and other farm chemical and mechanization that cotton is pinched have been realized; Can significantly reduce working time, if spray calculating by machinery, pinch deficiency of time 3 minutes of every mu of chemistry; Cotton is pinched efficient improves more than hundred times, cost relatively manual work pinch and reduce more than 50%, improve and plant cotton scale per capita more than 30%.

The present invention utilizes the alternative manual work of " the cotton chemistry is pinched, and agent+control routinizes " technology mode to pinch, and binds certainly through the method realization cotton of foliage-spray, reaches the purpose of optimizing the cotton group structure, promoting to tie bell, raising output.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is elaborated.

Concrete operations follow these steps to carry out:

A, cotton initial bloom stage front and back sprayed mepiquat chloride in 3-5 days and carry out the basis control, made cotton growth sane, avoided cotton to be in prosperous long situation, mepiquat chloride dosage 4-10 gram/mu;

(cotton plant has 2-5 platform fruit branch to bloom, and individual plant fruit branch platform number is the 8-11 platform) foliage-spray chemistry agent of pinching before and after the b, cotton full-bloom stage, chemistry is pinched the agent consumption every mu of 40-80ml, converts water 15-30 kilogram; Spraying should be higher than cotton plant, sprays the chemistry agent of pinching and should not adopt and hang spray, but top spray (flat spray), and in when avoiding spraying chemistry as far as possible and pinching agent and the front and back 3 days water in the cotton field;

C, spray chemistry and pinch and spray mepiquat chloride in 3-15 days after the agent and stablize the plant type control, mepiquat chloride dosage is at 8-15 gram/mu.

In the said method, cotton back to the casing coupling amination control of flower bud phase and the liquid manure cultivation step such as plan strategies for of emerging carries out according to routine, avoids cotton excessive growth.

D. the agent prescription of pinching:

By weight percentage, the mepiquat chloride of 20%-30% (English name: Mepiquat chloride, molecular formula: C ₇H ₁₆ClN) water of aqueous emulsion, 40%-60%; The flumetralim of 15%-25% (English name: Flumetralin, molecular formula: C ₁₆H ₁₂C1F ₄N ₃O ₄) emulsion.

Application experiment:

6 new 2 on farm, (1) 2010 year fragrant grass lake connects, 44 mu of areas, and kind is new land early No. 42; Sowing on April 27; Carry out chemistry according to the method described above and pinch, the several 1.4 ten thousand strain/mus of real receipts strain in the term of opening bolls, 5.2 of average boll per plants; Real unginned cotton's output 380kg/ mu of receiving exceeds 26kg/ mu than the manual work contrast 354kg/ mu of pinching.

147 14 of (2) 2011 years agricultural eight teachers connect, 34 mu of areas, and kind is new land early 42; Carry out chemistry according to the method described above and pinch, early August, cotton was from binding final cotton plant height 90-100cm; Fruit branch is counted 11-12; 6 of boll per plants, individual plant bell number are pinched than manual work and are Duoed 0.5, unginned cotton's output 450kg/ mu.

147 16 of agricultural eight teachers connected in (3) 2011 years, 35 mu of areas, and kind is No. 1, fort, carries out chemistry according to the method described above and pinches, early August, cotton was from binding 6.5 of final boll per plants, unginned cotton's output 410kg/ mu.

Should be understood that, concerning those of ordinary skills, can improve or conversion, and all these improvement and conversion all should belong to the protection domain of accompanying claims of the present invention according to above-mentioned explanation.

Claims (1)

1. the chemistry method of pinching that grows cotton is characterized in that concrete operations are following:

A, cotton initial bloom stage front and back sprayed mepiquat chloride in 3-5 days and carry out the basis control, made cotton growth sane, avoided cotton to be in prosperous long situation, mepiquat chloride dosage 4-10 gram/mu;

(when cotton plant has 2-5 platform fruit branch to bloom) foliage-spray chemistry agent of pinching before and after the b, cotton full-bloom stage, spraying should be higher than cotton plant, and chemistry is pinched the agent consumption every mu of 40-80 milliliter, converts water 15-30 kilogram;

C, spray chemistry and pinch and spray mepiquat chloride in 3-15 days after the agent and stablize the plant type control, mepiquat chloride dosage is at 8-15 gram/mu;

The described agent of pinching is: by weight percentage, and the mepiquat chloride aqueous emulsion of 20%-30%, the water of 40%-60%; The flumetralim emulsion of 15%-25%.