CN102823411B - One chemistry that grows cotton is pinched method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses the chemistry that grows cotton to pinch method, concrete operations are as follows: within before and after a, cotton initial bloom stage 3-5 days, spray mepiquat chloride and carry out basisization control, make cotton growth sane, avoid cotton to be in prosperous long situation, mepiquat chloride dosage 4-10 gram/acre; Before and after b, cotton full-bloom stage, foliage-spray chemistry is pinched agent, and spraying should higher than cotton plant, and chemistry pinches agent consumption 40-80 milliliter every mu, is watered 15-30 kilogram; C, spray chemistry and pinch and spray mepiquat chloride in 3-15 days after agent and carry out stable plant type control, mepiquat chloride dosage is at 8-15 gram/acre; Described agent of pinching is: by weight percentage, the mepiquat chloride aqueous emulsion of 20%-30%, the water of 40%-60%; The flumetralim emulsion of 15%-25%.Cotton self sealing top can be realized, guarantee quality of pinching, improve cotton field and to pinch regularity, raise labour efficiency, alleviate hand labor intensity.

Description

One chemistry that grows cotton is pinched method

Technical field

The present invention relates to agricultural technology field, in particular the chemistry that grows cotton is pinched method.

Background technology

China is Cotton Production, consumption and big trading nation, and Cotton Industry is significant in national economy.At present, in China's grain, cotton, oily three industries, cotton is the industry of labor intensive type, has had a strong impact on people and has planted cotton enthusiasm.Pinching is a key link of Cotton in China cultivation management, directly affects ultimate output and the quality of cotton.Cotton is the warm crop of happiness, having indeterminate growth habit, in order to make full use of effective vegetative period, reducing the generation of invalid cotton buds and bolls, when cotton enters the certain growth stage (about flowering and boll-setting period), need pinch.All the time, the method that the upper employing of Cotton in China production is manually pinched (is pinched by hand except cotton stem apical growing point, sometimes the growing point removing fruit branch is also needed namely to beat group's point), efficiency of pinching is low, labour intensity is large, mu input cost of labor is high, also counteracts that Mechanization Level improves the further reduction with cost of cotton plantation further simultaneously.

For alternative cotton is manually pinched, people attempt development and to pinch machinery, early 1960s, agricultural machinery system of Aug. 1st agricultural college just have developed horse traction cotton top-cutting machine, and Shihezi Univ have developed again group control formula single file profile modeling cotton top-cutting machine (Hu Bin etc., 2008 in recent years; Sieve is listened, and 2008; Tang Jun etc., 2008), but all because the impact of the various unfavorable factors such as cotton individual difference is large, cotton field is uneven, the underproduction fails effectively to promote.

Also have researcher to carry out the test of chemical agent control cotton apical dominance, Li Xue etc. (2009) have studied the sad first vinegar of foliage-spray, capric acid first vinegar and 6-benzyladenine (6-BA) to the impact of cotton top removal.Result shows that sad first vinegar, capric acid first vinegar and the process of 6-BA suitable concentration can replace manually pinching to a certain extent.But have no and in Cotton Production, apply such material carry out pinching operation.Li Xinyu etc. (2001) have carried out the chemical test replacing and manually pinch of binding of long-staple cotton, and result shows to bind to replace with chemistry manually to pinch and can alleviate hand labor intensity, improves operating efficiency, improves output.The requirement that can not meet well and produce but alone DPC carries out binding, the control effects especially for upland cotton is more undesirable, is difficult to apply.Over the past two years, agricultural materials market has occurred the Pesticidal products such as cotton topping agent, training agent, but the corresponding cotton chemistry technology of pinching lacked research, did not form standard and specification, very easily had a negative impact to output of cotton, quality.

Visible, this labour intensive link of manually pinching is problem in the urgent need to address in Cotton Production.Its major defect has:

(1) workload is large, efficiency is low, and skilled worker pinches less than 3 mu for each person every day;

(2) difficult operation, method of manually pinching difficulty has strict standard, and General Requirements destroys top one leaf wholeheartedly, more difficult identification, is easy to pinch excessive or too small.Pinch the method for excessive i.e. " greatly seizing ", this method has removed several fruit branches more, is equivalent to be advanced by Topping Time, not only wastes the nutriment be used on these several fruit branches, has also had a strong impact on output of cotton; Pinch too small, then not easily distinguish a little fruit branch of terminal bud and top, easily think a uppermost fruit branch by mistake terminal bud and picked-off, and it is many to take a lot of work.

(3) poor in timeliness.If by everyone control of production quotas of 2 hectares, then whole process of pinching was with the time of about 10 days, was difficult to accomplish the unified requirement terminated fast, easily missed effective critical squaring period.

(4) easily no marking.When manually pinching, no marking phenomenon is serious, needs several times of inspection or complement top just can reach better effects several times.

(5) regularity of pinching is low.Different labor person pinches, and standard is inconsistent or Topping Time is inconsistent all can affect cotton field regularity.

Therefore, prior art existing defects, needs to improve.

Summary of the invention

The object of the invention is to, a kind of method providing Chemical Control to substitute cotton manually to pinch, the method be before and after cotton initial bloom stage 3-5 days foliage-spray mepiquat chloride (Mepiquatchloride) carry out basisization control, before and after cotton full-bloom stage, (when cotton plant has 2-5 platform fruit branch to bloom) sprays chemistry and to pinch agent, again sprays casing coupling peace and carry out stable plant type control in 3-15 days afterwards.The present invention utilizes the chemical agent brute force of pinching of cotton to suppress the performance of cotton apical dominance, controls the action principle of internode elongation, carry out chemistry bind to cotton in conjunction with plant growth regulator casing coupling peace.Cotton self sealing top can be made by method of the present invention thus substitute manually to pinch.

Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

One chemistry that grows cotton is pinched method, and concrete operations are as follows:

Within before and after a, cotton initial bloom stage 3-5 days, spray mepiquat chloride and carry out basisization control, make cotton growth sane, avoid cotton to be in prosperous long situation, mepiquat chloride dosage 4-10 gram/acre;

Before and after b, cotton full-bloom stage, (when cotton plant has 2-5 platform fruit branch to bloom) foliage-spray chemistry is pinched agent, and spraying should higher than cotton plant, and chemistry pinches agent consumption 40-80 milliliter every mu, is watered 15-30 kilogram;

C, spray chemistry and pinch and spray mepiquat chloride in 3-15 days after agent and carry out stable plant type control, mepiquat chloride dosage is at 8-15 gram/acre;

Described agent of pinching is: by weight percentage, the mepiquat chloride aqueous emulsion of 20%-30%, the water of 40%-60%; The flumetralim emulsion of 15%-25%.

The present invention utilizes chemical control method to substitute and manually pinches, thus can guarantee quality of pinching, and improves cotton field regularity, raises labour efficiency, alleviate hand labor intensity.Along with the raising of flexibe work(labour) cost, reduce working feature, simplify and plant cotton process to plant cotton benefit for raising significant.Chemistry is pinched and will be simplified cotton culture measure further, reduces working feature, increases and plants cotton benefit.

This technology can carry out scale application, and the method spraying chemical agent by machinery substitutes manually pinches, and does not affect output of cotton and quality; Achieve the chemicalization of cotton topping and mechanization, significantly can reduce working time, if to play tricks calculation by mechanical spray, every mu of chemical Topping Time was less than 3 minutes, make that cotton topping efficiency improves more than hundred times, cost relatively manually pinches reduction by more than 50%, improve and plant cotton scale more than 30% per capita.

The present invention utilizes " cotton chemistry is pinched, and agent+routinize control " technology mode to substitute and manually pinches, and realizes cotton self sealing top by the method for foliage-spray, the object reaching Optimization of Cotton group structure, promote knot bell, improve output.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.

Concrete operations follow these steps to carry out:

Within before and after a, cotton initial bloom stage 3-5 days, spray mepiquat chloride and carry out basisization control, make cotton growth sane, avoid cotton to be in prosperous long situation, mepiquat chloride dosage 4-10 gram/acre;

Before and after b, cotton full-bloom stage, (cotton plant has 2-5 platform fruit branch to bloom, and individual plant fruit branch number of units is 8-11 platform) foliage-spray chemistry is pinched agent, and chemistry pinches agent consumption 40-80ml every mu, is watered 15-30 kilogram; Spraying should higher than cotton plant, sprays chemistry agent of pinching and should not adopt and hang spray, but top spray (flat spray), avoid spraying as far as possible chemistry pinch agent time and front and back 3 days in cotton field water;

C, spray chemistry and pinch and spray mepiquat chloride in 3-15 days after agent and carry out stable plant type control, mepiquat chloride dosage is at 8-15 gram/acre.

In described method, conveniently carry out to the casing coupling amination control of flower bud phase and the liquid manure cultivation step such as to plan strategies for after cotton emerges, avoid cotton excessive growth.

D. to pinch agent prescription:

By weight percentage, mepiquat chloride (English name: Mepiquatchloride, the molecular formula: C of 20%-30% ₇h ₁₆clN) water of aqueous emulsion, 40%-60%; Flumetralim (English name: Flumetralin, the molecular formula: C of 15%-25% ₁₆h ₁₂c1F ₄n ₃o ₄) emulsion.

Application experiment:

6, farm, (1) 2010 year fragrant grass lake new 2 connects, area 44 mu, kind is early No. 42, new land, April 27 was sowed, carry out chemistry according to the method described above to pinch, the term of opening bolls paid strain number 1.4 ten thousand plants/acre, average boll per plant 5.2, paid seed cotton yield 380kg/ mu, than manually pinching, contrast 354kg/ mu exceeds 26kg/ mu.

Within (2) 2011 years, agriculture eight teacher 147 14 connects, area 34 mu, kind is new land early 42, carry out chemistry according to the method described above to pinch, early August cotton self sealing top, final cotton plant height 90-100cm, fruit branch number 11-12, boll per plant 6, single basal munure is than manually pinching many 0.5, seed cotton yield 450kg/ mu.

(3) 2011 years agriculture eight teachers 147 16 connect, area 35 mu, and kind is No. 1, fort, carries out chemistry according to the method described above and pinches, early August cotton self sealing top, final boll per plant 6.5, seed cotton yield 410kg/ mu.

Should be understood that, for those of ordinary skills, can be improved according to the above description or convert, and all these improve and convert the protection domain that all should belong to claims of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. the chemistry that grows cotton is pinched method, and it is characterized in that, concrete operations are as follows:

Within before and after a, cotton initial bloom stage 3-5 days, spray mepiquat chloride and carry out basisization control, make cotton growth sane, avoid cotton to be in prosperous long situation, mepiquat chloride dosage 4-10 gram/acre;

Before and after b, cotton full-bloom stage, foliage-spray chemistry is pinched agent, and spraying should higher than cotton plant, and chemistry pinches agent consumption 40-80 milliliter every mu, is watered 15-30 kilogram;

C, spray chemistry and pinch and spray mepiquat chloride in 3-15 days after agent and carry out stable plant type control, mepiquat chloride dosage is at 8-15 gram/acre;

Described agent of pinching is: by weight percentage, and the flumetralim emulsion of the mepiquat chloride aqueous emulsion of 20%-30%, the water of 40%-60%, 15%-25%, each constituent content sum is 100%.