CN103416196A - Fast high-yield lowstemmed mulberry tree shape cultivating method - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is a fast high-yield lowstemmed mulberry tree shape cultivating method. The method includes the steps that a healthy mulberry sapling is selected; the mulberry sapling is planted before late autumn to the beginning of winter; in mid-March of the first year when the tree shape is formed, the tip of the sapling is cut off for conducting stem fixing; when a young tip is grown to be the tip with five leaves and one core, the core and bifurcates are picked, a first limb is reserved, then the core and the bifurcates are picked in the selected and reserved branch, each branch in the whole branch is made to grow out a limb again, and a second limb is formed; in the next year, spring silkworms are raised, and then a normal summer harvesting management procedure is conducted; secondary core picking is carried out, and a novel mulberry field high-yield framework is erected; when the battery sapling is grown to be five leaves and one core, night soil is added with water for diluting and dressing; fertilizer is applied again, and the fertilizer is mainly organic fertilizer. The fast high-yield lowstemmed mulberry tree shape cultivating method runs through various links such as sapling selecting, planting, tree shape forming and mulberry field management of mulberries, by the aid of the method, the mulberries grow fast and are high in yield, the tree shape can be formed in only two years, and yield peak time can be achieved in three to four years.

Description

Low dry mulberry high-yield quick tree type is formed method

Technical field:

The present invention relates to a kind of silkworm and mulberry tree tree type and form method, particularly a kind of low dry silkworm and mulberry tree high-yield quick tree type is formed method.

Background technology:

Area, Feng County, Jiangsu is the flat-bottomed land of washing away, depositing and form after changing its course in ancient the Yellow River, soil layer is all that thousands of kilometer washes away the alluvials such as mud fine sand stone of getting off and forms from ancient the upper reaches of the Yellow River, the husky earth layer of soil property, gas permeability is good especially, be rich in various mineral trace elements and various organic and inorganic nutrients fertilizer that plant growth needs in soil layer, so soil is very fertile.In addition, the Feng County warmer climate, make a clear distinction between the four seasons, and sunshine, abundance was applicable to the growth of crops very much, especially the growth of silkworm and mulberry tree.

Mulberry tree is a kind of deciduous tree, well developed root system, and rudiment power is strong, looks fast, happiness light, branch density is medium; Can drought resisting resist cold, heatproof, wet, alkali resistant power is also larger.In addition, mulberry leaf are the main foodstuffs of feeding silkworm; Mulberry can furniture processed, farm implements, and can make the Minor Construction material; Paper mulberry bark can papermaking; Mulberry shoot can be compiled basket; Mulberries can be made wine.In sum, the good seeds that mulberry tree is not only water and soil conservation, fixes the sand, but also there is very high economic worth.Silkworm and mulberry trees be divided into the high level cadre mulberry, in dry mulberry and low dry mulberry, wherein, traditional low dry Sang Yangcheng generally needed for 3 years, exist growth slow, yield poorly, the various problems such as the cycle is long.In addition, the low dry mulberry tree type of tradition still needs 4 years ability formally to raise silkworm after forming, and within 5 years～7 years, just reaches the output peak, has had a strong impact on mulberry planter's enthusiasm.Therefore, how in the area, Feng County, under so good natural conditions, promote the high yield of low dry mulberry, this has formed a very important problem.

Summary of the invention

For overcome traditional low dry mulberry tree type form method exist growth slow, yield poorly, the deficiency such as the cycle is long.The invention provides a kind of low dry mulberry high-yield quick tree type and form method, the method runs through a plurality of links such as management in forming of the selecting seedling, plant of mulberry tree, tree type and mulberry field, the mulberry tree of utilization the method not only grows soon, output is high, and can form the tree type in 2 years, within 3 years～4 years, reach the output peak.

The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: this low dry mulberry high-yield quick tree type is formed method and is,

(1) select health anosis, root system is good, even thickness, the mulberry sapling that axillalry bud is complete;

(2) at annual Qiu Mozhi, before the Beginning of Winter, planted;

(3) press line-spacing 1.4m～1.8m, straight having peace of mind is planted, held up to the standard of spacing in the rows 0.3m～0.5m by mulberry sapling;

(4) the tree type is formed: before and after mid-March of First Year, at 20cm～25cm place overhead, cut off the seedling tip and surely do; When young sprout grows to 5 leaf 1 core, at 40cm～60cm place overhead, select branch to pluck the core bifurcated, often select good strains in the field for seed and get 3～4 healthy and strong branches, all the other remove, reserved the first limb, then pinching bifurcated on the branch of selecting and remain, make each branch on branch produce 2～3 limbs again, forms the second limb; Every like this strain treelet all can produce 6～8 healthy and strong bars then, reaches the purpose in fast rapid-result garden; In addition, can utilize then on branch mulberry leaf support 1～1.25 of silkworms in late fall; Second Year, support one of silkworm in spring, then enters the normal summer to cut down hypervisor; Pluck core by secondary, put up new mulberry field high yield framework, realize ten thousand of mu Sang Qian strains, for the good quality and high output of silk cocoon lays a solid foundation;

(5) enhance field management: while growing to then 5 leaf 1 core, every mu is watered dilution by night soil 5 load～10 loads and imposes; After new mulberry field is surely dry, prevent and treat the food bud insects such as mulberry small weevil, chafer; Heavy dressing fertilizer, accomplish that fertilizer coordinates with inorganic fertilizer, take fertilizer as main, notices that nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium coordinate, and the rational proportion of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is 10:4:5; Take the high yield mulberry field of cocoon of 200 kilograms of per mu yields is example, and an annual mu fertilizing amount is: 50 kilograms～60 kilograms of purity nitrogens, and 18 kilograms～22 kilograms, pure phosphorus, 24 kilograms～26 kilograms, pure potassium, use 4 times～5 times the whole year, and wherein spring fertilizer accounts for 25%, Xia Qiu accounts for 60%, winter top dressing accounts for 15%.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, can make growing of mulberry quickening, output increase, within 2 years, can form the tree type, within 3 years～4 years, reach the output peak.

Specific embodiments

(1) select health anosis, root system is good, even thickness, the mulberry sapling that axillalry bud is complete;

(2) at annual Qiu Mozhi, before the Beginning of Winter, planted;

(3) press line-spacing 1.6m, straight having peace of mind is planted, held up to the standard of spacing in the rows 0.42m by mulberry sapling;

(4) form the tree type: before and after mid-March of First Year, cut off the seedling tip at 25cm place overhead and surely do; When young sprout grows to 5 leaf 1 core, at 50cm overhead, select at place branch to pluck the core bifurcated, often select good strains in the field for seed and get 3 healthy and strong branches, all the other remove, and reserved the first limb is then plucked the core bifurcated on 3 branches selecting and remain, make each branch on 3 branches produce again 2 limbs, form the 2nd limb; Every like this strain treelet produces 6 healthy and strong bars then, reaches the purpose in fast rapid-result garden, can utilize then blade on branch to support 1 of silkworm in late fall, before arriving winter mulberry tree overhead high 1m place straight snips survive the winter; After Second Year is raised silkworm in spring and finished, enter the normal summer to cut down hypervisor, by secondary, pluck core, put up new mulberry field high yield framework, realize ten thousand of mu Sang Qian strains, for the good quality and high output of silk cocoon lays a solid foundation;

(5) enhance field management: while growing to then 5 leaf 1 core, every mu is watered dilution by night soil 7 loads and imposes, after new mulberry field is surely dry, prevent and treat the food bud insects such as mulberry small weevil, chafer, heavy dressing fertilizer, accomplish that fertilizer coordinates with inorganic fertilizer, take fertilizer as main, notice that nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium coordinate, the rational proportion of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is 10:4:5; Take the high yield mulberry field of cocoon of 200 kilograms of per mu yields is example, and an annual mu fertilizing amount is: 55 kilograms of purity nitrogens, and 20 kilograms, pure phosphorus, 25 kilograms, pure potassium, use 4 the whole year, and wherein spring fertilizer accounts for 25%, Xia Qiu accounts for 60%, winter top dressing accounts for 15%.

Claims (2)

1. one kind low dry silkworm and mulberry tree high-yield quick tree type is formed method, and it is characterized in that: this low dry mulberry high-yield quick tree type is formed method and is,

(1) select health anosis, root system is good, even thickness, the mulberry sapling that axillalry bud is complete;

(2) at annual Qiu Mozhi, before the Beginning of Winter, planted;

(3) press line-spacing 1.4m～1.8m, straight having peace of mind is planted, held up to the standard of spacing in the rows 0.3m～0.5m by mulberry sapling;

(4) the tree type is formed: before and after mid-March of First Year, at 20cm～25cm place overhead, cut off the seedling tip and surely do; When young sprout grows to 5 leaf 1 core, at 40cm～50cm place overhead, select branch to pluck the core bifurcated, often select good strains in the field for seed and get 3～4 healthy and strong branches, all the other remove, reserved the first limb, then pinching bifurcated on the branch of selecting and remain, make each branch on branch produce 2～3 limbs again, forms the second limb; Every like this strain treelet all can produce 6～8 healthy and strong bars then, reaches the purpose in fast rapid-result garden; In addition, can utilize then on branch mulberry leaf support 1～1.25 of silkworms in late fall; Second Year, support one of silkworm in spring, then enters the normal summer to cut down hypervisor; Pluck core by secondary, put up new mulberry field high yield framework, realize ten thousand of mu Sang Qian strains, for the good quality and high output of silk cocoon lays a solid foundation;

(5) enhance field management: while growing to then 5 leaf 1 core, every mu is watered dilution by night soil 5 load～10 loads and imposes; After new mulberry field is surely dry, prevent and treat the food bud insects such as mulberry small weevil, chafer; Heavy dressing fertilizer, accomplish that fertilizer coordinates with inorganic fertilizer, take fertilizer as main, notices that nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium coordinate, and the rational proportion of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is 10:4:5; Take the high yield mulberry field of cocoon of 200 kilograms of per mu yields is example, and an annual mu fertilizing amount is: 50 kilograms～60 kilograms of purity nitrogens, and 18 kilograms～22 kilograms, pure phosphorus, 24 kilograms～26 kilograms, pure potassium, use 4 times～5 times the whole year, and wherein spring fertilizer accounts for 25%, Xia Qiu accounts for 60%, winter top dressing accounts for 15%.

2. low dry silkworm and mulberry tree high-yield quick tree type according to claim 1 is formed method, it is characterized in that:

(1) select health anosis, root system is good, even thickness, the mulberry sapling that axillalry bud is complete;

(2) at annual Qiu Mozhi, before the Beginning of Winter, planted;

(3) press line-spacing 1.6m, straight having peace of mind is planted, held up to the standard of spacing in the rows 0.42m by mulberry sapling;

(4) form the tree type: before and after mid-March of First Year, cut off the seedling tip at 25cm place overhead and surely do; When young sprout grows to 5 leaf 1 core, at 50cm overhead, select at place branch to pluck the core bifurcated, often select good strains in the field for seed and get 3 healthy and strong branches, all the other remove, and reserved the first limb is then plucked the core bifurcated on 3 branches selecting and remain, make each branch on 3 branches produce again 2 limbs, form the 2nd limb; Every like this strain treelet produces 6 healthy and strong bars then, reaches the purpose in fast rapid-result garden, can utilize then blade on branch to support 1 of silkworm in late fall, before arriving winter mulberry tree overhead high 1m place straight snips survive the winter; After Second Year is raised silkworm in spring and finished, enter the normal summer to cut down hypervisor, by secondary, pluck core, put up new mulberry field high yield framework, realize ten thousand of mu Sang Qian strains, for the good quality and high output of silk cocoon lays a solid foundation;

(5) enhance field management: while growing to then 5 leaf 1 core, every mu is watered dilution by night soil 7 loads and imposes, after new mulberry field is surely dry, prevent and treat the food bud insects such as mulberry small weevil, chafer, heavy dressing fertilizer, accomplish that fertilizer coordinates with inorganic fertilizer, take fertilizer as main, notice that nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium coordinate, the rational proportion of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is 10:4:5; Take the high yield mulberry field of cocoon of 200 kilograms of per mu yields is example, and an annual mu fertilizing amount is: 55 kilograms of purity nitrogens, and 20 kilograms, pure phosphorus, 25 kilograms, pure potassium, use 4 the whole year, and wherein spring fertilizer accounts for 25%, Xia Qiu accounts for 60%, winter top dressing accounts for 15%.