CN104322298A - Water-saving type pruning method for jujube trees - Google Patents
Water-saving type pruning method for jujube trees Download PDFInfo
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- CN104322298A CN104322298A CN201410439669.0A CN201410439669A CN104322298A CN 104322298 A CN104322298 A CN 104322298A CN 201410439669 A CN201410439669 A CN 201410439669A CN 104322298 A CN104322298 A CN 104322298A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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Abstract
The invention relates to a water-saving type pruning method for jujube trees. The method disclosed by the invention aims at reducing the water consumption in the transpiration process so as to prevent from causing the dry formation of soil due to excessive consumption of wood soil resulting from less rainfall and lack of irrigation. The method disclosed by the invention fills up a technical blank of realizing the water balance of soil of jujube orchards in pruning methods of China and foreign countries. The method disclosed by the invention is proposed on the basis of many years of test observations, and the yield, the tree body specification, the fruiting branches, the shedding shoot length of jujubes and the quantity of jujube fruits are determined respectively according to the rainfall capacity, the yield, the tree body specification, the fruiting branches and the shredding shoot lengths of the jujubes. The method disclosed by the invention is mainly applicable to closely planted jujube orchards of Zanhuang jujubes and pear-jujubes, the quantity of which is 111, per mu, under the condition that the irrigation is not provided and the irrigation condition cannot meet the growth demands of the jujube trees in semiarid loess areas.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the water-saving trimming method of a kind of jujube tree.
Background technology
Pruning is an important technology being applied in fruit growing, but the main purpose of pruning fruit trees is increase yield in the past.If the fruit tree of semiarid region cultivation does not have irrigation conditions, fruit tree often shows the abnormal lack of water symptom of growth, and causes waning for a long time and the mummification of deep soil of Forest Soil Moisture, makes soil water ecological environmental deterioration expediently.How according to the fruit of local rainfall production suitable number, and ensure that Growth status is normal, do not cause deep soil mummification, realizing that optimum continuable woods fruit manages is the target that local dry farming economic forest is pursued.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is application trimming method and reduce transpiration water consumption, cause Soil Dried Layer to prevent the timbered soil lacking again irrigation due to little precipitation from consuming excessively.The method has filled up the technological gap that domestic and international trimming method realizes jujube Forest Soil Moisture balance.The present invention proposes on test observation basis for many years, according to rainfall determine output, determine to set body specification according to output, according to tree body specification determination result branch, the principle of hanging, hanging according to jujube length determination jujube fruit quantity according to secondary branch determination jujube, be mainly applicable to Zanhuang jujube and pear and date-printing blocks under the non-irrigated condition of semiarid loess area and set the dense planting jujube woods of every mu of 111 strains trees.
(1) in 400mm-450mm annual rainfall situation, foundation for many years rainfall determines the target output of every mu of about 600kg, tree body specification is determined, tree crown width 170cm (hat width diameter), hat panel height degree 130-150cm (not containing jujube tree base portion trunk 50cm height) according to output.
(2) stratotype is dredged based on happy type and coronule.Happy type stays three major branches, major branch length 140cm, and each master has 5 fruit bearing shoot (Secondary Branch), fruit bearing shoot length 60-80cm.Coronule is dredged stratotype and is stayed 5 layers, 3 every layer fruit bearing shoot (Secondary Branch), fruit bearing shoot length 60-90cm.
(3) strictly control in whole breeding time body index of climbing the tree, the jujube head that Timeliness coverage is new is wiped out in time, to eliminate the water consumption of newborn branch.
(4) each fruit bearing shoot has 6-8 jujube stock, and each jujube stock stays 3 jujubes to hang, and the jujube fruit quantity that jujube hangs on is hung length with jujube and determines, and average every 15cm jujube hangs length and stays a jujube fruit, and average each jujube has hung 2-3 jujube fruit.
(5) take the band girdle skin be suitable for, the band girdle skin time be jujube tree bloom about 1/3 time operation, band girdle skin position at major branch base portion 10-20cm place, band girdle skin width 0.5-1.0cm.To enter with rainwater-proof and insect with plastic tape wrapping after band girdle skin that to make city wound healing bad.
(6) in order to improve moisture efficiency, jujube woods conveniently basal dressing is mainly emphasized outward to use chemical fertilizer according to weather forecast, as diamines, urea etc., blooming, the phase of bearing fruit carries out foliage spray foliage fertilizer, the spray borax of 3 0.2% concentration and the urea of 0.3 concentration are to ensure that the amount of bearing fruit reaches the quantity of every strain tree result more than 230, the output of about 5.5kg/ strain simultaneously.
(7) fruit bearing shoot is full after 3 years, will carry out retraction and upgrade, can ensure fruiting quantities like this thus improve water use efficiency the 4th year Spring Festival.
Embodiment
Hereinafter, will describe the present invention more fully now, show various embodiment.But the present invention can implement in many different forms, and should not be interpreted as being confined to embodiment set forth herein.On the contrary, provide these embodiments to make the disclosure will be thoroughly with completely, and scope of the present invention is conveyed to those skilled in the art fully.
Application example 1:
Objective for implementation is without the pear and date-printing blocks garden, 4 years raw mountain regions irrigated, and area 2 mu, happy type is tree-like, carries out pruning sizing on April 12, requires standard height of tree 180cm, tree crown width diameter 170cm, hat panel height degree 130cm.May 16, jujube tree started to germinate, May 23 started pinching, removed the jujube of each jujube stock more than 3 and hung, also have the jujube stock that some self-assembling formations only have 2 jujubes to hang, except indivedual fruit bearing shoot substitutes, all the other keep regularly removing new jujube head always subsequently, in case new branch consumes moisture.June 16 went out band girdle skin at 3 major branch base portion 10-15cm, peeling width 0.5cm, and June 23, June 28, July 2 spray 0.3 concentration urea for 2 times, spray 0.2 borax 1 time.Carry out 2 fruit thinnings afterwards, roughly keep lignification jujube to hang 5-7 fruit, other jujubes hang 1-3 fruit, and average each jujube hangs about 2.1 fruits..June 22, root imposed diamines every strain tree 600g, did not have basal dressing then.Keep wiping out new jujube head after jujube tree result always and occur fruit harvest.Results were surveyed and were produced 586kg/ mu September 21.As annual rainfall 457mm, October 6 got forest land 5m deep soil moisture with soil drilling method, average mass water content of soil reaches 11.42%, compared with 2011, this jujube woods soil water content same period 11.35% was basically identical, illustrate that the method does not have transition to consume the moisture of soil, but consume rainfall then.
Application example 2:
Objective for implementation is without the pear and date-printing blocks garden, 6 years raw mountain regions irrigated, and area 3 mu, it is tree-like that coronule dredges stratotype, carried out pruning sizing on April 9, require standard height of tree 190cm, tree crown width diameter 170cm, hat panel height degree 140cm.May 9, jujube tree started to germinate, May 17 started pinching, removed the jujube of each jujube stock more than 3 and hung, also have the jujube stock that some self-assembling formations only have 2 jujubes to hang, except indivedual fruit bearing shoot substitutes, all the other keep regularly removing new jujube head always subsequently, in case new branch consumes moisture.June 10 went out band girdle skin, peeling width 1.0cm at 15 secondary branch base portion 10-15cm, and June 16, June 21, July 1 spray 0.3 concentration urea for 2 times, spray 0.2 borax 1 time.Carry out 2 fruit thinnings afterwards, roughly keep lignification jujube to hang 5-7 fruit, other jujubes hang 1-3 fruit, and average each jujube hangs about 2.5 fruits.June 17, root imposed diamines every strain tree 600g, executed sheep excrement then as base manure.Keep wiping out new jujube head after jujube tree result always and occur fruit harvest.Results were surveyed and were produced 656kg/ mu September 27.As annual rainfall 516mm, October 9 got forest land 5m deep soil moisture with soil drilling method, average mass water content of soil reaches 11.82%, basically identical compared with this jujube woods soil water content same period 11.42% of embodiment 1, illustrate that the method does not have transition to consume the moisture of soil, but consume rainfall then.
The foregoing is only embodiments of the invention, be not limited to the present invention.The present invention can have various suitable change and change.All any amendments done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. the water-saving trimming method of jujube tree, is characterized in that described method comprises the steps:
(1) in 400mm-450mm annual rainfall situation, foundation for many years rainfall determines the target output of every mu of about 600kg, tree body specification is determined, tree crown width 170cm, hat panel height degree 130-150cm (not containing jujube tree base portion trunk 50cm height) according to output;
(2) stratotype is dredged based on happy type and coronule; Happy type stays three major branches, major branch length 140cm, and each major branch has 5 secondary lopwoods, Secondary Branch length 60-80cm; Coronule is dredged stratotype and is stayed 5 layers, every layer of 3 Secondary Branch, Secondary Branch length 60-90cm;
(3) strictly control in whole breeding time body index of climbing the tree, the jujube head that Timeliness coverage is new is wiped out in time, to eliminate the water consumption of newborn branch;
(4) each Secondary Branch ensures 6-8 jujube stock, and each jujube stock stays 3 jujubes to hang, and the jujube fruit quantity that jujube hangs on is hung length with jujube and determines, and average every 15cm jujube hangs length and stays a jujube fruit, and average each jujube hangs and remains with 2-3 jujube fruit, and unnecessary carries out fruit thinning;
(5) take the band girdle skin be suitable for, the band girdle skin time be jujube tree bloom about 1/3 time operation, band girdle skin position at major branch base portion 10-20cm place, band girdle skin width 0.5-1.0cm; To enter with rainwater-proof and insect with plastic tape wrapping after band girdle skin that to make city wound healing bad;
(6) in order to improve water use efficiency, jujube woods conveniently basal dressing is mainly emphasized outward before rainfall, to use chemical fertilizer as topdressing according to weather forecast, as diamines, urea etc., blooming, the phase of bearing fruit sprays foliage fertilizer, the spray borax of 3 0.2% concentration and the urea of 0.3 concentration are to ensure that the amount of bearing fruit reaches the quantity of every strain tree result more than 230, the output of about 5.5kg/ strain simultaneously;
(7) Secondary Branch is full after 3 years, will carry out retraction and upgrade, can ensure fruiting quantities like this thus improve water use efficiency the 4th year Spring Festival.
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| CN201410439669.0A CN104322298B (en) | 2014-09-01 | 2014-09-01 | A kind of water-saving pruning method of jujube tree |
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| CN201410439669.0A CN104322298B (en) | 2014-09-01 | 2014-09-01 | A kind of water-saving pruning method of jujube tree |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104620929A (en) * | 2015-03-17 | 2015-05-20 | 苏洪明 | High-efficiency fruiting method of jujube trees |
| CN106386344A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-15 | 刘国利 | Rejuvenation and fruit bearing method for aging fruit bearing jujube trees |
| CN106613632A (en) * | 2016-11-10 | 2017-05-10 | 金陵科技学院 | Cornus walteri layering type crown shaping and cultivation method |
| CN107306737A (en) * | 2017-07-24 | 2017-11-03 | 徐永芳 | A kind of tree-like trimming of pear and date-printing blocks dense planting and its cultural method |
| CN108990651A (en) * | 2018-02-08 | 2018-12-14 | 刘国利 | It is a kind of that the winter jujube tree expanded of jujube fruit is promoted to open Party A's method |
| CN109691337A (en) * | 2017-10-21 | 2019-04-30 | 镇江市水木年华现代农业科技有限公司 | A kind of trimming that pear and date-printing blocks dense planting is tree-like and its cultural method |
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| CN102948352A (en) * | 2011-08-29 | 2013-03-06 | 骆伟伟 | Cultivating method of Guoguang date tree |
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- 2014-09-01 CN CN201410439669.0A patent/CN104322298B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104620929A (en) * | 2015-03-17 | 2015-05-20 | 苏洪明 | High-efficiency fruiting method of jujube trees |
| CN104620929B (en) * | 2015-03-17 | 2016-11-30 | 苏洪明 | A kind of method of Chinese jujube high-efficiency result |
| CN106386344A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-15 | 刘国利 | Rejuvenation and fruit bearing method for aging fruit bearing jujube trees |
| CN106386344B (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2019-12-10 | 刘国利 | Method for rejuvenating and rejuvenating jujube trees with good fruiting effect in aging period |
| CN106613632A (en) * | 2016-11-10 | 2017-05-10 | 金陵科技学院 | Cornus walteri layering type crown shaping and cultivation method |
| CN107306737A (en) * | 2017-07-24 | 2017-11-03 | 徐永芳 | A kind of tree-like trimming of pear and date-printing blocks dense planting and its cultural method |
| CN107306737B (en) * | 2017-07-24 | 2020-08-28 | 徐永芳 | Pruning and cultivation method for pear jujube close planting tree form |
| CN109691337A (en) * | 2017-10-21 | 2019-04-30 | 镇江市水木年华现代农业科技有限公司 | A kind of trimming that pear and date-printing blocks dense planting is tree-like and its cultural method |
| CN108990651A (en) * | 2018-02-08 | 2018-12-14 | 刘国利 | It is a kind of that the winter jujube tree expanded of jujube fruit is promoted to open Party A's method |
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| CN104322298B (en) | 2016-09-14 |
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