CN103229691B - Constructing method for wide-narrow row J.sigillata Dode hard-twig cion cutting orchard - Google Patents
Constructing method for wide-narrow row J.sigillata Dode hard-twig cion cutting orchard Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a constructing method for a wide-narrow row J.sigillata Dode hard-twig cion cutting orchard. The method comprises the steps of orchard construction location selection, cutting orchard layout and land preparation, field planting of grafted seedlings, management in the same year after field planting and cutting orchard management. An area which has a year-round average temperature of 13-18 DEG C, year-round sunshine duration no smaller than 2,000 h, an annual rainfall of 800-1,200 mm, an elevation of 1,600-2,200 m and a soil PH value of 5.5-7 is selected as an orchard construction location; field planting holes are staggered in two rows, wide row spacing of the grafted seedlings is 200 cm, narrow row spacing of the grafted seedlings is 100 cm, and the soil field moisture capacity of the cutting orchard is no smaller than 60% and no larger than 70%; the field planting is performed in January, and cions can be picked in the same year. Through the method, 6,000-9,000 cions can be yielded per 666.7 square meters in the same year of field planting, 17,000-40,000 cions can be yielded per 666.7 square meters in the second or third year, the cion roughness is 1.0cm-1.5cm, a pith is smaller than 1/3 of the cion roughness, cion quality is good, production is rapid, and yield is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to high quality tree species raising technology field, be specifically related to hard scion grafting fringe breeding method for walnut grafting.
Background technology
Juglans (Juglans) seeds are world-renowned nonwood forest trees, walnut is to promote hill farmer to shake off poverty and set out on the road to prosperity, drive one of industry of Rural economy in the mountain area development, Yunnan Province is one of original producton location of walnut, it is national walnut main producing region, walnut has become the pillar industry of Yunnan Province's forestry, and its cultivated area and output account for 2/3rds of the whole nation.
Complex peach (J.sigillata Dode) is again iron walnut, dark line walnut and walnut, it is one of main body of Chinese cultivated walnut, walnut is mainly distributed in southwest, and Yunnan Province is that walnut (being complex peach) germ plasm resource is the abundantest, the most concentrated area of distribution cultivation.Hard scion grafting fringe adopts the hard branch of dormancy to do scion while referring to grafting, this scion is hard scion grafting fringe.
The mode of reproduction of improved variety of walnut is mainly grafting at present, needs every year a large amount of healthy and strong branches to do scion.Yunnan Province has approximately 3,200 ten thousand mu of walnuts for 2012, to ten thousand mu of planning and developments to 4000 in 2015, develop every year on average 4000000 mu, add annual approximately 200,000 mu of kind change and the transformation of low-yield nuclei peach garden, add up to 4,500,000 mu, the about forty-two million strain of improved variety of walnut seedling annual requirement, approximately 9,000 ten thousand of scion annual requirements.Add the ground such as Guizhou, Sichuan, Chongqing, Guangxi and also can arrive Yunnan and buy improved variety of walnut seedling, estimate that the annual requirement of Walnut in Yunnan seedling is in 5,000 ten thousand strains left and right, approximately 100,000,000 of scion annual requirements.Therefore,, within long one period, good Walnut Cultivars nursery stock and scion are all consumer goods in great demand but short supply.
Although walnut tree height is large, branch is sparse, and the fringe bar supply in traditional mode of production garden is very limited.In production garden, adopt in a large number at present after fringe, not only to then and next year walnut yield effect larger, and fringe bar existed the problems such as thick or meticulous, medulla is large, eye is not full, difficult quality guarantee.Also in improved variety scion, be mixed with unavoidably folder continuous walnut or iron walnut branch, cause grafting breeding purity not high, produced result evening, kind is very different, commodity is poor, the result that economic benefit is low, and its hysteresis effect will be brought serious economic loss to walnut plantation peasant household.Therefore, set up breeding cutting orchard, relying on cutting orchard to breed and promoting the use of fine strains and supply a large amount of scion is the successful means that each walnut main product state of the world generally adopts.The construction of research walnut (J.sigillata Dode) cutting orchard is the important leverage measure that realizes walnut improved variety.
Summary of the invention
It is high that the object of the invention is to provide a kind of scion output, the construction method of the hard scion grafting fringe of the measured wide-and narrow-row walnut of scion matter cutting orchard.
The hard scion grafting fringe of wide-and narrow-row walnut of the present invention cutting orchard construction method, comprises the following steps and carries out:
1, the hard scion grafting fringe of wide-and narrow-row walnut cutting orchard construction method, comprises the following steps and carries out:
(1) selection of building garden
Jian Pu place is chosen in 13 ℃～18 ℃ of year-round average temperatures, definitely the minimum air temperature is not less than 5 ℃ of ﹣, 4 ℃～10 ℃ of the coldest monthly mean temperatures, annual sunshine duration >=2000h, annual rainfall 800mm～1200mm, height above sea level 1600m～2200m, P in soil H value is 5.5～7, soil thickness > 60cm, the region of subterranean water level≤1.5m;
(2) cutting orchard layout and whole ground
Excavate field planting ditch, field planting furrow width D is 150 ㎝, ditch depth F>=80 ㎝, and field planting ditch spacing E is 150 ㎝; When field planting ditch returns soil, every meter of 20kg～40kg well-rotted farmyard manure for field planting ditch and 1kg～2kg fused calcium magnesium phosphate are mixed and are all inserted afterwards in field planting ditch with table soil, and insert soil in field planting ditch and exceed the distance H=20～25cm of ground surface, then in every field planting ditch, dig two row's length and widths, be deeply respectively the planting pit of 40cm, planting pit cave is apart from being 100cm, the two plant hole interlaced arrangement that are ranked; CaO, P in described fused calcium magnesium phosphate
5o
2count take mass fraction with the content of MgO: CaO is 45.0%, P
5o
2be that 18.0%, MgO is 12.0%;
(3) field planting
Select the grafting field planting of making stock with walnut (J.sigillata Dode) in planting pit, after field planting, form the wide line-spacing B=200 ㎝ of grafting, narrow row is apart from A=100 ㎝, spacing in the rows C=100 ㎝, the seedling age of described grafting is 14 months seedling age to 16 month seedling ages, stem stalk diameter >=1.30 ㎝, height of seedling >=60 ㎝, the main root length >=15cm of every strain grafting, and one-level lateral root number >=5, the field planting time is annual January, it is surely dry that the front grafting of field planting is unified in 50 ㎝, and when field planting, the grafting mouth of grafting exposes soil surface, after field planting, water, cover mulch film; After field planting survives, the rudiment of erasing on stock;
(4) management then after field planting
After field planting, keep then the water-retaining quantity among field of soil of cutting orchard to be: 60%≤water-retaining quantity among field of soil≤70%; Every strain grafting retains 2～4 buds, fills the gaps with seedlings in time and makes grafting survival rate >=98%, Seedling survival rate >=95% after a year; Impose urea 10g/ strain and potassium dihydrogen phosphate 100g/ strain May 30 to June 10, impose again urea 10g/ strain and potassium dihydrogen phosphate 100g/ strain July 20 to July 31; In late September, to newly slightly carrying out pinching processing, gathers scion in December or January next year then then; While gathering scion, every strain grafting stays 2～4 of side shoots, and all the other branches are all wiped out, and retains 2～3 buds at the branch base portion of stayed every side shoot, and more than bud, 2 ㎝ places, ㎝～3 cut off branch;
(5) cutting orchard management
1. from field planting the 2nd year, keep the water-retaining quantity among field of soil of cutting orchard to be: 60%≤water-retaining quantity among field of soil≤70%; Impose urea 10g/ strain and potassium dihydrogen phosphate 100g/ strain annual May 30 to June 10, impose again urea 10g/ strain and potassium dihydrogen phosphate 100g/ strain annual July 20 to July 31; Annual late March is to early April, newly slightly grows to 20 ㎝ when above, stays 4～10 newly slightly and pinching, and mid or late September is to newly carrying out slightly pinching processing again every year;
2. gather scion annual January December to next year, while gathering scion, stay 2～4 side shoots, all the other branches are all wiped out, and the branch base portion of the every side shoot staying retains 2～3 buds, and more than bud, 2 ㎝ places, ㎝～3 cut off branch; Gather after scion, with spreading manuer in holes or strip fertilization method organic fertilizer 800-1000kg/666.7m
2, in described fertilizer in butt, the content of organic matter>=30%, the percentage of the content of organic matter is mass fraction;
3. extermination of disease and insect pest control, enters the ground, garden of turning over before the winter, cleaning dry branches and fallen leaves, with lime sulfur brush tree body; The disease initial phase of powdery mildew and brown spot, spraying mass fraction is 800 times～1000 times liquid of 50% topsin wetting powder, sprayed every 10 days～15 days 1 time to scab portion gradually overstrike, dark brown until withered; At larval phase and the emergence period of green cicada moth, with mass fraction be spraying continuously 2 times～3 times of 500 times of liquid of 2.5% decamethrin wetting powder.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, the inventive method is according to the biological property of walnut plant, propose first employing wide-and narrow-row configuration and set up the specialized cutting orchard of dense planting, for management then after selection, cutting orchard layout and the whole ground of building ground, garden of cutting orchard, field planting, field planting, cutting orchard is managed key technique that method is provided.
2, the planting structure distribution that the inventive method adopts has increased the growing space of walnut scion-seed tree, improve illumination condition, make scion output and the quality of scion-seed tree obtain increasing substantially, scion rugosity between 1.0 ㎝～1.5 ㎝, full, bud footpath >=0.5 ㎝ of sprout, every qualified full bud of scion is more than 1, and bud spacing is suitable, degree of lignification is higher, and medulla is less than 1/3 of scion rugosity, scion length is not less than 15 ㎝, thereby has guaranteed that the quality of scion is good.Field planting then can output scion 6000～9000/mu, after field planting, Second Year can output scion 17000～19000/mu, after field planting the 3rd year can output scion approximately 40000 articles/mu, show that the scion quality that the inventive method produces is good, output is high.Rising then of field planting can be adopted fringe, go into operation fast, cutting orchard can service life more than 20 years.
And conventional every mu of plantation Juglans 10～12 strains of traditional walnut production garden, in 12 strains, second is only and can produces 40～48 scion, and plantation is to the 10th year (2009), 804/mu, product scion, plantation was to the 11st year (2010), produce 936/mu, scion, plantation, to the 12nd year (2011), is produced 912/mu, scion, the inventive method has produced unforeseeable technique effect compared with producing scion with traditional walnut production garden.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the plane figure that the inventive method cutting orchard walnut grafting seed is planted.
Fig. 2 is the profile that the inventive method walnut grafting seed is planted front field planting ditch.
Fig. 3 is the profile that the inventive method walnut grafting seed is planted rear field planting ditch.
In figure, each mark represents: 1-field planting ditch, and 2-walnut grafting seedling, 3-ground surface, A represents narrow row distance, B represents wide line-spacing, and C represents spacing in the rows, and D represents field planting furrow width, E represents field planting ditch spacing, and F represents field planting ditch depth, and H represents to insert soil in field planting ditch and exceed the distance of ground surface.
Embodiment
In following embodiment, the material such as grafting kind used, film, fertilizer, agricultural chemicals all can be bought in market.What in embodiment, nothing specified is conventional method.
Implement place: Yi Autonomous Prefecture of Chuxiong, Yunnan Province Dayao County.
Grafting is for doing the grafting of the cloud new range Walnut Cultivars of stock with walnut (J.sigillata Dode).
The grafting field planting time: in January, 2009.
The hard scion grafting fringe of wide-and narrow-row walnut cutting orchard construction method, comprises the following steps and carries out:
1, the hard scion grafting fringe of wide-and narrow-row walnut cutting orchard construction method, comprises the following steps and carries out:
(1) selection of building garden
13 ℃～18 ℃ of this Jian Pu place year-round average temperatures, definitely the minimum air temperature is not less than 5 ℃ of ﹣, 4 ℃～10 ℃ of the coldest monthly mean temperatures, annual sunshine duration >=2000h, annual rainfall 800mm～1200mm; Height above sea level 1600m～2200m, P in soil H value is 5.5～7, soil thickness > 60cm, the region of subterranean water level≤1.5m.
(2) cutting orchard layout and whole ground
Excavate field planting ditch, field planting furrow width D is 150 ㎝, ditch depth F >=80 ㎝, and field planting ditch spacing E is 150 ㎝; When field planting ditch returns soil, every meter of field planting ditch is mixed and is all inserted afterwards in field planting ditch with table soil with 40kg well-rotted farmyard manure and 2kg fused calcium magnesium phosphate, and insert soil in field planting ditch and exceed the distance H=20cm of ground surface, then in every field planting ditch, dig two row's length and widths, be deeply respectively the planting pit of 40cm, planting pit cave is apart from being 100cm, the two plant hole interlaced arrangement that are ranked.CaO, P in described fused calcium magnesium phosphate
5o
2with the content of MgO take mass fraction CaO as 45.0%, P
5o
2be that 18.0%, MgO is 12.0%; (seeing Fig. 1-Fig. 3).
(3) field planting
Grafting field planting, in planting pit, forms the wide line-spacing B=200 ㎝ of grafting after field planting, narrow row is apart from A=100 ㎝, spacing in the rows C=100 ㎝ (see figure 1), the seedling age of described grafting is 14 months seedling ages, stem stalk diameter >=1.30 ㎝, height of seedling >=60 ㎝, the main root length >=15cm of every strain grafting, and one-level lateral root number >=5, the field planting time is in January, 2009, it is surely dry that the front grafting of field planting is unified in 50 ㎝, and when field planting, the grafting mouth of grafting exposes soil surface, after field planting, water, cover mulch film; After field planting survives, the rudiment of erasing on stock.
(4) management then after field planting
After field planting, keep then the water-retaining quantity among field of soil of cutting orchard to be: 60%≤water-retaining quantity among field of soil≤70%; Every strain grafting retains 2～4 buds, fill the gaps with seedlings in time and make grafting survival rate >=98%, Seedling survival rate >=95% after 1 year, imposed urea 10g/ strain and potassium dihydrogen phosphate 100g/ strain on May 30, imposed again urea 10g/ strain and potassium dihydrogen phosphate 100g/ strain July 20; In late September, to newly slightly carrying out pinching processing, gathers scion December then then; While gathering scion, every strain grafting stays 2～4 of side shoots, and all the other branches are all wiped out, and retains 2～3 buds at the branch base portion of stayed every side shoot, and more than bud, 2 ㎝ places, ㎝～3 cut off branch.
(5) cutting orchard management
1. from field planting the 2nd year, keep the water-retaining quantity among field of soil of cutting orchard to be: 60%≤water-retaining quantity among field of soil≤70%; Impose urea 10g/ strain and potassium dihydrogen phosphate 100g/ strain on May 30th, 2010, impose again urea 10g/ strain and potassium dihydrogen phosphate 100g/ strain on July 20th, 2010; Impose urea 10g/ strain and potassium dihydrogen phosphate 100g/ strain on June 10th, 2011, impose again urea 10g/ strain and potassium dihydrogen phosphate 100g/ strain on July 31st, 2011; Annual late March, newly slightly grows to 20 ㎝ when above, stays 7～10 newly slightly and pinching, and mid or late September is to newly carrying out slightly pinching processing again every year.
2. gather scion annual December, while gathering scion, stay 2～4 side shoots, all the other branches are all wiped out, and the branch base portion of the every side shoot staying retains 2～3 buds, and more than bud, 2 ㎝ places, ㎝～3 cut off branch; Gather after scion, with strip fertilization method organic fertilizer 1000kg/666.7m
2, in described fertilizer in butt, the content of organic matter>=30%, the percentage of the content of organic matter is mass fraction.
3. extermination of disease and insect pest control, enters the ground, garden of turning over before the winter, cleaning dry branches and fallen leaves, with lime sulfur brush tree body; The disease initial phase of powdery mildew and brown spot, spraying mass fraction is 1000 times of liquid of 50% topsin wetting powder, sprayed every 10 days～15 days 1 time to scab portion gradually overstrike, dark brown until withered, at larval phase and the emergence period of green cicada moth, with mass fraction be spraying continuously 2 times～3 times of 500 times of liquid of 2.5% decamethrin wetting powder.
The investigation of the present embodiment scion output refers to table 1.
Embodiment 2: the inventive method embodiment
Implement place: Luliang County, Qujing City of Yunnan Province.
Grafting is for doing three Walnut Cultivars graftings of stock with walnut (J.sigillata Dode).
The grafting field planting time: in January, 2009.
The hard scion grafting fringe of wide-and narrow-row walnut cutting orchard construction method, comprises the following steps and carries out:
(1) selection of building garden
Jian Pu place is chosen in 13 ℃～18 ℃ of year-round average temperatures, and definitely the minimum air temperature is not less than 5 ℃ of ﹣, 4 ℃～10 ℃ of the coldest monthly mean temperatures, annual sunshine duration >=2000h, annual rainfall 800mm～1200mm; Height above sea level 1600m～2200m, P in soil H value is 5.5～7, soil thickness > 60cm, the region of subterranean water level≤1.5m;
(2) cutting orchard layout and whole ground
Excavate field planting ditch, field planting furrow width D is 150 ㎝, ditch depth F >=80 ㎝, and field planting ditch spacing E is 150 ㎝; When field planting ditch returns soil, every meter of field planting ditch is mixed and is all inserted afterwards in field planting ditch with table soil with 20kg well-rotted farmyard manure and 1kg fused calcium magnesium phosphate, and insert soil in field planting ditch and exceed the distance H=25cm of ground surface, then in every field planting ditch, dig two row's length and widths, be deeply respectively the planting pit of 40cm, planting pit cave is apart from being 100cm, the two plant hole interlaced arrangement that are ranked.CaO, P in described fused calcium magnesium phosphate
5o
2with the content of MgO take mass fraction CaO as 45.0%, P
5o
2be that 18.0%, MgO is 12.0%; (seeing Fig. 1-Fig. 3).
(3) field planting
Grafting field planting, in planting pit, forms the wide line-spacing B=200 ㎝ of grafting after field planting, narrow row is apart from A=100 ㎝, spacing in the rows C=100 ㎝ (see figure 1), the seedling age of described grafting is 16 months seedling ages, stem stalk diameter >=1.30 ㎝, height of seedling >=60 ㎝, the main root length >=15cm of every strain grafting, and one-level lateral root number >=5, the field planting time is January, it is surely dry that the front grafting of field planting is unified in 50 ㎝, and when field planting, the grafting mouth of grafting exposes soil surface, after field planting, water, cover mulch film; After field planting survives, the rudiment of erasing on stock;
(4) management then after field planting
After field planting, keep then the water-retaining quantity among field of soil of cutting orchard to be: 60%≤water-retaining quantity among field of soil≤70%; Every strain grafting retains 2～4 buds, fills the gaps with seedlings in time and makes grafting survival rate >=98%, Seedling survival rate >=95% after a year; Impose urea 10g/ strain and potassium dihydrogen phosphate 100g/ strain on June 10, imposed again urea 10g/ strain and potassium dihydrogen phosphate 100g/ strain July 31; In late September, to newly slightly carrying out pinching processing, gathers scion December then then; While gathering scion, every strain grafting stays 2～4 of side shoots, and all the other branches are all wiped out, and retains 2～3 buds at the branch base portion of stayed every side shoot, and more than bud, 2 ㎝ places, ㎝～3 cut off branch.
(5) cutting orchard management
1. from field planting the 2nd year, keep the water-retaining quantity among field of soil of cutting orchard to be: 60%≤water-retaining quantity among field of soil≤70%; Impose urea 10g/ strain and potassium dihydrogen phosphate 100g/ strain on June 10th, 2010, impose again urea 10g/ strain and potassium dihydrogen phosphate 100g/ strain on July 29th, 2010; Impose urea 10g/ strain and potassium dihydrogen phosphate 100g/ strain on June 7th, 2011, impose again urea 10g/ strain and potassium dihydrogen phosphate 100g/ strain on July 26th, 2011; Annual early April, newly slightly grow to 20 ㎝ when above, stay 4～6 newly slightly and pinching, mid or late September is to newly carrying out slightly pinching processing again every year.
2. gather scion annual December, while gathering scion, stay 2～4 side shoots, all the other branches are all wiped out, and the branch base portion of the every side shoot staying retains 2～3 buds, and more than bud, 2 ㎝ places, ㎝～3 cut off branch; Gather after scion, with perforated method organic fertilizer 800kg/666.7m
2, in described fertilizer in butt, the content of organic matter>=30%, the percentage of the content of organic matter is mass fraction.
3. extermination of disease and insect pest control, enters the ground, garden of turning over before the winter, cleaning dry branches and fallen leaves, with lime sulfur brush tree body; The disease initial phase of powdery mildew and brown spot, spraying mass fraction is 800 times of liquid of 50% topsin wetting powder, sprayed every 10 days～15 days 1 time to scab portion gradually overstrike, dark brown until withered, at larval phase and the emergence period of green cicada moth, with mass fraction be spraying continuously 2 times～3 times of 500 times of liquid of 2.5% decamethrin wetting powder.
The investigation of the present embodiment scion output refers to table 1.Embodiment 1-embodiment 2, in the time gathering fringe bar, must use secateurs, and clip will be put down, and can not be cut into oblique stubble; Fringe bar base portion clip should be under bud 5 ㎝ places, top notches is 2 ㎝ places on bud, branch base portion 1～2 the full buds of extroversion of selecting and remain; Cut off that top is long, bending, bifurcated or the excessive tip of a branch of medulla.
Table 1 embodiment 1-embodiment 2 cutting orchard scion output application form of the present invention
The scion rugosity of above embodiment 1-embodiment 2 outputs between 1.0 ㎝-1.5 ㎝, full, bud footpath >=0.5 ㎝ of sprout, every qualified full bud of scion is more than 1, bud spacing is suitable, degree of lignification is higher, medulla is less than 1/3 of scion rugosity, scion length is not less than 15 ㎝, thereby has guaranteed that scion quality is good.Field planting then can output scion 6000～9000/mu, after field planting, Second Year can output scion 17000～19000/mu, after field planting the 3rd year can output scion approximately 40000 articles/mu, show that the scion quality that the inventive method produces is good, output is high.Rising then of field planting can be adopted fringe, go into operation fast, this cutting orchard can service life more than 20 years.
The conventional every mu of plantation Juglans 10-12 strain of traditional walnut production garden, in 12 strains, second is only and can produces 40～48 scion, and plantation is to the 10th year (2009), 804/mu, product scion, plantation was to the 11st year (2010), produce 936/mu, scion, plantation, to the 12nd year (2011), is produced 912/mu, scion, the inventive method has produced unforeseeable technique effect compared with producing scion with traditional walnut production garden.
Claims (1)
1. the hard scion grafting fringe of wide-and narrow-row walnut cutting orchard construction method, comprises the following steps and carries out:
(1) selection of building garden
Jian Pu place is chosen in 13 ℃～18 ℃ of year-round average temperatures, definitely the minimum air temperature is not less than 5 ℃ of ﹣, 4 ℃～10 ℃ of the coldest monthly mean temperatures, annual sunshine duration >=2000h, annual rainfall 800mm～1200mm, height above sea level 1600m～2200m, P in soil H value is 5.5～7, soil thickness > 60cm, the region of subterranean water level≤1.5m;
(2) cutting orchard layout and whole ground
Excavate field planting ditch, field planting furrow width D is 150 ㎝, ditch depth F>=80 ㎝, and field planting ditch spacing E is 150 ㎝; When field planting ditch returns soil, every meter of 20kg～40kg well-rotted farmyard manure for field planting ditch and 1kg～2kg fused calcium magnesium phosphate are mixed and are all inserted afterwards in field planting ditch with table soil, and insert soil in field planting ditch and exceed the distance H=20～25cm of ground surface, then in every field planting ditch, dig two row's length and widths, be deeply respectively the planting pit of 40cm, planting pit cave is apart from being 100cm, the two plant hole interlaced arrangement that are ranked
;caO, P in described fused calcium magnesium phosphate
2o
5with the content of MgO take mass fraction CaO as 45.0%, P
2o
5be that 18.0%, MgO is 12.0%;
(3) field planting
Select with walnut (
j. sigillatadode) the grafting field planting of making stock is in planting pit, after field planting, form the wide line-spacing B=200 ㎝ of grafting, narrow row is apart from A=100 ㎝, spacing in the rows C=100 ㎝, the seedling age of described grafting is 14 months seedling age to 16 month seedling ages, stem stalk diameter>=1.30 ㎝, height of seedling>=60 ㎝, the main root length>=15cm of every strain grafting, and one-level lateral root number>=5, the field planting time is annual January, it is surely dry that the front grafting of field planting is unified in 50 ㎝, and when field planting, the grafting mouth of grafting exposes soil surface, after field planting, water, cover mulch film; After field planting survives, the rudiment of erasing on stock;
(4) management then after field planting
After field planting, keep then the water-retaining quantity among field of soil of cutting orchard to be: 60%≤water-retaining quantity among field of soil≤70%; Every strain grafting retains 2～4 buds, fills the gaps with seedlings in time and makes grafting survival rate >=98%, Seedling survival rate >=95% after a year; Impose urea 10g/ strain and potassium dihydrogen phosphate 100g/ strain May 30 to June 10, impose again urea 10g/ strain and potassium dihydrogen phosphate 100g/ strain July 20 to July 31; In late September, to newly slightly carrying out pinching processing, gathers scion in December or January next year then then; While gathering scion, every strain grafting stays 2～4 of side shoots, and all the other branches are all wiped out, and retains 2～3 buds at the branch base portion of stayed every side shoot, and more than bud, 2 ㎝ places, ㎝～3 cut off branch;
(5) cutting orchard management
1. from field planting the 2nd year, keep the water-retaining quantity among field of soil of cutting orchard to be: 60%≤water-retaining quantity among field of soil≤70%; Impose urea 10g/ strain and potassium dihydrogen phosphate 100g/ strain annual May 30 to June 10, impose again urea 10g/ strain and potassium dihydrogen phosphate 100g/ strain annual July 20 to July 31; Annual late March is to early April, newly slightly grows to 20 ㎝ when above, stays 4～10 newly slightly and pinching, and mid or late September is to newly carrying out slightly pinching processing again every year;
2. gather scion annual January December to next year, while gathering scion, stay 2～4 side shoots, all the other branches are all wiped out, and the branch base portion of the every side shoot staying retains 2～3 buds, and more than bud, 2 ㎝ places, ㎝～3 cut off branch; Gather after scion, with spreading manuer in holes or strip fertilization method organic fertilizer 800-1000 kg/666.7m
2, in described fertilizer in butt, the content of organic matter>=30%, the percentage of the content of organic matter is mass fraction;
3. extermination of disease and insect pest control, enters the ground, garden of turning over before the winter, cleaning dry branches and fallen leaves, with lime sulfur brush tree body; The disease initial phase of powdery mildew and brown spot, spraying mass fraction is 800 times～1000 times liquid of 50% topsin wetting powder, sprayed every 10 days～15 days 1 time withered to scab portion; At larval phase and the emergence period of green cicada moth, with mass fraction be spraying continuously 2 times～3 times of 500 times of liquid of 2.5% decamethrin wetting powder.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310155613.8A CN103229691B (en) | 2012-12-31 | 2013-04-28 | Constructing method for wide-narrow row J.sigillata Dode hard-twig cion cutting orchard |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201210589873 CN102972254A (en) | 2012-12-31 | 2012-12-31 | Construction method of wide and narrow row spacing hardwood scion cutting orchard for Yunnan walnut |
| CN201210589873.1 | 2012-12-31 | ||
| CN201310155613.8A CN103229691B (en) | 2012-12-31 | 2013-04-28 | Constructing method for wide-narrow row J.sigillata Dode hard-twig cion cutting orchard |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103229691A CN103229691A (en) | 2013-08-07 |
| CN103229691B true CN103229691B (en) | 2014-06-18 |
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| CN 201210589873 Pending CN102972254A (en) | 2012-12-31 | 2012-12-31 | Construction method of wide and narrow row spacing hardwood scion cutting orchard for Yunnan walnut |
| CN201310155613.8A Expired - Fee Related CN103229691B (en) | 2012-12-31 | 2013-04-28 | Constructing method for wide-narrow row J.sigillata Dode hard-twig cion cutting orchard |
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| CN 201210589873 Pending CN102972254A (en) | 2012-12-31 | 2012-12-31 | Construction method of wide and narrow row spacing hardwood scion cutting orchard for Yunnan walnut |
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| CN104823790B (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2018-03-20 | 河池学院 | A kind of bulla walnut cuttage fast seedling-cultivating method |
| CN108617385B (en) * | 2018-05-09 | 2019-11-08 | 福建林业职业技术学院 | A kind of China fir band hat buries the construction method of dry method cutting orchard |
| CN108738967B (en) * | 2018-05-09 | 2020-06-23 | 福建省洋口国有林场 | Rejuvenation method of fir tree dry-method cutting orchard with crown |
| CN109197314B (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2020-08-28 | 福建省龙海林下国有林场 | Method for constructing and maintaining scion orchard of dalbergia odorifera |
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| CN103004415A (en) * | 2012-12-12 | 2013-04-03 | 云南省林业技术推广总站 | Semi-annual walnut stock and cultivating method of semi-annual stock walnut seedlings |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103004415A (en) * | 2012-12-12 | 2013-04-03 | 云南省林业技术推广总站 | Semi-annual walnut stock and cultivating method of semi-annual stock walnut seedlings |
Non-Patent Citations (8)
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| 习学良等.早实新品系核桃采穗圃快速营建技术研究.《云南林业科技》.2001,(第4期),第38-41页. |
| 云南耐晚霜核桃采穗圃营建与管理技术;徐德兵等;《陕西林业科技》;20130415(第2期);第20-21页 * |
| 冯兆民等.核桃采穗圃的建立及幼园丰产配套技术.《湖北林业科技》.2005,(第1期),第58-59页. |
| 徐德兵等.云南耐晚霜核桃采穗圃营建与管理技术.《陕西林业科技》.2013,(第2期),第20-21页. |
| 早实新品系核桃采穗圃快速营建技术研究;习学良等;《云南林业科技》;20011230(第4期);第38-41页 * |
| 核桃良种采穗圃建设技术;王明科等;《中国果树》;20050715(第4期);第47-48页 * |
| 核桃采穗圃的建立及幼园丰产配套技术;冯兆民等;《湖北林业科技》;20050215(第1期);第58-59页 * |
| 王明科等.核桃良种采穗圃建设技术.《中国果树》.2005,(第4期),第47-48页. |
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| CN102972254A (en) | 2013-03-20 |
| CN103229691A (en) | 2013-08-07 |
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