CN104145774B - A kind of cultural method of Feizixiao Litchi bearing basal shoot - Google Patents
A kind of cultural method of Feizixiao Litchi bearing basal shoot Download PDFInfo
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- CN104145774B CN104145774B CN201410430013.2A CN201410430013A CN104145774B CN 104145774 B CN104145774 B CN 104145774B CN 201410430013 A CN201410430013 A CN 201410430013A CN 104145774 B CN104145774 B CN 104145774B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of cultural method of Feizixiao Litchi bearing basal shoot, belong to lichee production technology application.This method is that the cv. Feizixiao after fruit picking does not carry out cutting back, take out the 1st young sprout sent out and carry out rich water quality management and tip work is protected in insect protected, its robust growth short is aging in time, 2nd young sprout does not spray medicine after taking out and sending out and protects the tip, treat that it grows into 5 ~ 10 cm and sprays tip medicine and kill and remove, delay the 3rd tips after about 15 days to continue to take out and send out, carry out rich water quality management and tip work is protected in insect protected, its robust growth short is aging in time.The Feizixiao Litchi bearing basal shoot that the inventive method is cultivated is generally fully aging when mid-November, and the tree crown greenery thickness of cultivation, bearing basal shoot quantity is many, for the high and stable yield of Second Year is laid a good foundation.The method reduces artificial, reduces the consumption of fertilizer agricultural chemicals, reduces the workload of control shoot, and the bearing basal shoot abloom rate cultivated is high, and percentage of fertile fruit is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cultural method of bearing basal shoot, be specifically related to a kind of cultural method of Feizixiao Litchi bearing basal shoot, belong to the production application technical field of research of lichee.
Background technology
China is the lichee country of origin and the first in the world big producing country, and be mainly distributed in the ground such as Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Hainan and Taiwan, area and output account for global 81% and 70% respectively.In the structure of rural undertaking of each provinces and regions, south China, lichee belongs to one of pillar industry, and lichee Ye Shi China most strives one of power, the large south subtropics fruit of foreign exchange earning potentiality unexpectedly.Feizixiao Litchi is the ancient and famous Litchi Varieties of China, is also the main breed of the provinces and regions such as Hainan, Guangdong.Cv. Feizixiao quality and flavor is excellent, fruit oval, and fruit macronucleus is little, and the thick matter of meat is crisp, aromatic flavour, and succulence is fresh and sweet, and time ripe, the green middle band of pericarp is red.Cv. Feizixiao plant is slightly raw fast long, and nourish and grow vigorous, tree crown is evacuated, and branch is sturdy, and orthostatic is strong, and well developed root system, blade oblong, leaf is thick dark green smooth.Although cv. Feizixiao easily becomes colored, flower amount is large, and the aging time of the last tip, the power of branch will directly affect one-tenth flower and the setting in the coming year, cultivate the key that high-quality in good time autumn growth is high yield in the coming year as bearing basal shoot.Therefore must cultivate to the bearing basal shoot of cv. Feizixiao.
Cultural method at present for cv. Feizixiao bearing basal shoot mainly contains following two kinds: (1) is cultivated 2 young sprouts and done bearing basal shoot; (2) cultivate 3 young sprouts and do bearing basal shoot.Cultivating 2 young sprouts, to do bearing basal shoot be the method that the aged cv. Feizixiao of current China is most widely used, 2nd autumn growth of cv. Feizixiao is after aging at the beginning of by the end of September or 10 months, just carry out control shoot with medicine or band girdle, but this training method, aging easily the taking out too early of bearing basal shoot sends out the winter tip, adds the number of times of control shoot, difficulty and the amount of labour, and this training method is spent early, flower amount is large, and general percentage of fertile fruit is low, yields poorly down.Cultivating 3 tips, to do bearing basal shoot be the method that current China cv. Feizixiao is most widely used, and the 3rd young sprout of cv. Feizixiao was taken out and sent out at the beginning of by the end of September or 10 months, strengthened rich water and pest management, impelled Feizixiao Litchi the 3rd young sprout fully aging before mid-November.This training method control shoot is easy, be not easy to take out and send out the winter tip, spend more late, flower amount is moderate, percentage of fertile fruit is high, output is high, but if autumn and winter season, low temperature and less sunshine weather was many, the 3rd time the tip is not aging in time, before and after " the beginning of spring ", temperature is lower, general abloom rate is not high, and directly affects the output of Second Year, risk is larger.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of cultural method of bearing basal shoot of middle aged Feizixiao Litchi, the method is not by carrying out cutting back to the Feizixiao Litchi tree after fruit picking, in 8 ~ September, when the 2nd young sprout of cv. Feizixiao grows into 5 ~ 10 centimetres, killing except the 2nd young sprout by spraying tip medicine, effectively making last autumn growth in good time aging, and improving percentage of fertile fruit, increase yield, reduces manually and reduces the consumption of fertilizer agricultural chemicals, reduces the workload of control shoot, saves manually.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows: a kind of cultural method of Feizixiao Litchi bearing basal shoot, comprises the steps:
The cultivation of (1) the 1st young sprout: the cv. Feizixiao after fruit picking is not pruned, and protects tip work by rich water quality management and insect protected, makes to take out the 1st the young sprout robust growth sent out aging in time;
In (2) 8 ~ September, when the 2nd young sprout of cv. Feizixiao grows into 5 ~ 10 centimetres, by sprayer machine with killing tip medicine spray young sprout, being sprayed onto till leaflet tablet soon drips, killing except the 2nd young sprout.
Preferably killing tip medicine is the short colored growth promotor for crop of lichee, and before spray young sprout, prepare short for commercially available lichee colored growth promotor for crop to desired concn in advance, its compound method is for mix short for commercially available for 20ml lichee colored growth promotor for crop and 20 ~ 25kg water.The short colored growth promotor for crop of described lichee; or claim lichee growth promotor for crop; be a kind of growth regulator lichee to control shoot, short flower, high yield effect, the lichee that common are the Plant Protection Institute preparation of academy of agricultural sciences of Guangdong Province kills tip florigen, the short colored growth promotor for crop of lichee, lichee kill little foline etc.The present invention preferably adopts the lichee growth promotor for crop of academy of agricultural sciences of Guangdong Province Plant Protection Institute preparation.
Describedly kill except after the 2nd young sprout, 12 ~ 18 days, the 3rd tip continues to take out to be sent out, and carried out rich water quality management and tip work is protected in insect protected, impelled that to take out the 3rd tip robust growth sent out aging in time.
The compound method of preferably killing tip medicine is mixed short for commercially available for 20ml lichee colored growth promotor for crop and 20kg water.
The cultural method of the Feizixiao Litchi bearing basal shoot optimized can also be following steps:
The cultivation of (1) the 1st young sprout: the cv. Feizixiao after fruit picking is not pruned, and protects tip work by rich water quality management and insect protected, makes to take out the 1st the young sprout robust growth sent out aging in time;
In (2) 8 ~ September, when the 2nd young sprout of cv. Feizixiao grows into 5 ~ 10 centimetres, kill tip medicine spray young sprout by sprayer machine with what prepare in advance, be sprayed onto till leaflet tablet soon drips, kill except the 2nd young sprout; Described compound method of killing tip medicine short for commercially available for 20ml lichee colored growth promotor for crop and 25kg water is mixed with to form;
After (3) the 2nd times young sprout kills and removes, 12 ~ 18 days, the 3rd tip continues to take out to be sent out, and carried out rich water quality management and tip work is protected in insect protected, impelled that to take out the 3rd tip robust growth sent out aging in time.
The present invention is as follows relative to the beneficial effect of prior art: autumn growth is the bearing basal shoot in the coming year, and the pumping time of autumn growth, the power of branch will directly affect the production in the coming year, cultivates the key that high-quality in good time autumn growth is high yield in the coming year as bearing basal shoot.In order to ensure that Feizixiao Litchi can on time and have time enough to carry out flower bud differentiation, the in good time pumping of Feizixiao Litchi last autumn growth and on time aging must be impelled, agingly easily taking out a winter tip too early.For western district of Guangdong, Feizixiao Litchi last autumn growth should be fully aging before mid-November.Because cv. Feizixiao kind tree vigo(u)r is healthy and strong, Shoot growth amount is large, generally carries out cutting back after fruit picking.Earsh is under the condition of rich water abundance, and tree fruit picking of bearing fruit generally can extraction 3 young sprouts after pruning, but the middle aged cv. Feizixiao on producing at present bear fruit tree 3 young sprout part times of extraction then can not be on time aging, abloom rate is low, and risk is high.Bear fruit after tree fruit picking is pruned and put 2 young sprouts, aging easily the taking out too early of bearing basal shoot sends out the winter tip, adds difficulty and the amount of labour of controlling the treetops and hastening blossom, and spends early, and general flower amount is large, percentage of fertile fruit can be caused low, yield poorly.Compared to existing technology, the inventive method can make last autumn growth in good time aging effectively, and tree crown greenery layer thickens, and the consumption of reduction fertilizer agricultural chemicals, saves pruning and control shoot is artificial, and the coming year, abloom rate was high, and percentage of fertile fruit is high, output increase.
Embodiment
Be described in further details the present invention below by embodiment, these embodiments are only used for the present invention is described, do not limit the scope of the invention.
Embodiment adopts this method to carry out the cultivation of bearing basal shoot in Feizixiao Litchi orchard, mountain, high hill, pin village, green hill, Qing Ping town, Lianjiang City of Guangdong Province on September 6th, 12012, now the 2nd young sprout of cv. Feizixiao is about 10 centimetres, in advance short for 20ml lichee colored growth promotor for crop (preparation of academy of agricultural sciences of Guangdong Province Plant Protection Institute) is mixed to be made into 20kg water and kill tip medicine, tip medicine spray young sprout will be killed by sprayer machine, be sprayed onto till leaflet tablet soon drips, kill except the 2nd young sprout, 3rd young sprout is taken out in late September and is sent out, strengthen rich water quality management and the extermination of disease and insect pest, cultivate healthy and strong in good time bearing basal shoot.Result shows: the bearing basal shoot that the method is cultivated is fully aging in mid-November, and tree crown greenery thickness, bearing basal shoot quantity is many.This bearing basal shoot training method the 2nd year flower amount is little, and in evening in flowering stage, percentage of fertile fruit is high, and 2013 annual per mu yields reach 1363 kilograms, achieve good economic benefits, and reduces the consumption of fertilizer agricultural chemicals, saves cost of labor.The method technology is particularly suitable for the light simple stable yields High-efficient Production of Feizixiao Litchi.
Embodiment adopts this method to carry out the cultivation of bearing basal shoot in south subtropics crop investigations institute's lichee orchard, Zhanjiang, Guangdong Province on August 30th, 22012; now the 2nd young sprout of cv. Feizixiao is about 5 centimetres; in advance short for 20ml lichee colored growth promotor for crop (preparation of academy of agricultural sciences of Guangdong Province Plant Protection Institute) is mixed to be made into 25kg water and kill tip medicine; tip medicine spray young sprout will be killed by sprayer machine; be sprayed onto till leaflet tablet soon drips; kill except the 2nd young sprout; 3rd young sprout is taken out in mid-September and is sent out; strengthen rich water quality management and the extermination of disease and insect pest, cultivate healthy and strong bearing basal shoot in good time.Result shows: the bearing basal shoot that the method is cultivated is fully aging in mid-November, and tree crown greenery thickness, bearing basal shoot quantity is many.This bearing basal shoot training method the 2nd year flower amount is little, and in evening in flowering stage, percentage of fertile fruit is high, and 2013 annual per mu yields reach 1156 kilograms, achieve good economic benefits, and reduces the consumption of fertilizer agricultural chemicals, saves cost of labor.The method technology is particularly suitable for the light simple stable yields High-efficient Production of Feizixiao Litchi.
Embodiment adopts this method to carry out the cultivation of bearing basal shoot in Feizixiao Litchi orchard, mountain, high hill, pin village, green hill, Qing Ping town, Lianjiang City of Guangdong Province on August 28th, 32013, now the 2nd young sprout of cv. Feizixiao is about 5 centimetres, in advance short for 20ml lichee colored growth promotor for crop (preparation of academy of agricultural sciences of Guangdong Province Plant Protection Institute) is mixed to be made into 20kg water and kill tip medicine, tip medicine spray young sprout will be killed by sprayer machine, be sprayed onto till leaflet tablet soon drips, kill except the 2nd young sprout, 3rd young sprout is taken out in mid-September and is sent out, strengthen rich water quality management and the extermination of disease and insect pest, cultivate healthy and strong bearing basal shoot in good time.Result shows: the bearing basal shoot that the method is cultivated is fully aging in mid-November, and tree crown greenery thickness, bearing basal shoot quantity is many.This bearing basal shoot training method the 2nd year flower amount is little, and in evening at florescence, percentage of fertile fruit is high, and 2014 annual per mu yields reach 1518 kilograms, achieve good economic benefits, and reduces the consumption of fertilizer agricultural chemicals, saves cost of labor.The method technology is particularly suitable for the light simple stable yields High-efficient Production of Feizixiao Litchi.
Embodiment adopts this method to carry out the cultivation of bearing basal shoot in south subtropics crop investigations institute's lichee orchard, Zhanjiang, Guangdong Province on September 3rd, 42013; now the 2nd young sprout of cv. Feizixiao is about 8 centimetres; in advance short for 20ml lichee colored growth promotor for crop (preparation of academy of agricultural sciences of Guangdong Province Plant Protection Institute) is mixed to be made into 22kg water and kill tip medicine; tip medicine spray young sprout will be killed by sprayer machine; be sprayed onto till leaflet tablet soon drips; kill except the 2nd young sprout; 3rd young sprout is taken out in mid-September and is sent out; strengthen rich water quality management and the extermination of disease and insect pest, cultivate healthy and strong bearing basal shoot in good time.Result shows: the bearing basal shoot that the method is cultivated is fully aging in mid-November, and tree crown greenery thickness, bearing basal shoot quantity is many.This bearing basal shoot training method the 2nd year flower amount is little, and in evening at florescence, percentage of fertile fruit is high, and 2014 annual per mu yields reach 1259 kilograms, achieve good economic benefits, and reduces the consumption of fertilizer agricultural chemicals, saves cost of labor.
The above results illustrates that the method is applicable to the cultivation of middle aged Feizixiao Litchi bearing basal shoot, and the method technology is particularly suitable for the light simple stable yields High-efficient Production of Feizixiao Litchi.
Claims (5)
1. a cultural method for the bearing basal shoot of Feizixiao Litchi, is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
The cultivation of (1) the 1st young sprout: the cv. Feizixiao after fruit picking is not pruned, and protects tip work by rich water quality management and insect protected, makes to take out the 1st the young sprout robust growth sent out aging in time;
In (2) 8 ~ September, when the 2nd young sprout of cv. Feizixiao grows into 5 ~ 10 centimetres, by sprayer machine with killing tip medicine spray young sprout, being sprayed onto till leaflet tablet soon drips, killing except the 2nd young sprout.
2. the cultural method of the bearing basal shoot of Feizixiao Litchi according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the described tip medicine that kills is the short colored growth promotor for crop of lichee prepared in advance, described in kill tip medicine compound method be that short for commercially available for 20ml lichee colored growth promotor for crop and 20 ~ 25kg water are mixed.
3. the cultural method of the bearing basal shoot of Feizixiao Litchi according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described in kill except after the 2nd young sprout 12 ~ 18 days, 3rd tip continues to take out to be sent out, and carries out rich water quality management and tip work is protected in insect protected, impels to take out the 3rd tip stalwartness sent out and produce aging in time.
4. the cultural method of the bearing basal shoot of Feizixiao Litchi according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: the described tip medicine that kills is the short colored growth promotor for crop of lichee prepared in advance, described in kill tip medicine compound method be that short for commercially available for 20ml lichee colored growth promotor for crop and 20kg water are mixed.
5. the cultural method of the bearing basal shoot of Feizixiao Litchi according to claim 1, is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
The cultivation of (1) the 1st young sprout: the cv. Feizixiao after fruit picking is not pruned, and protects tip work by rich water quality management and insect protected, makes to take out the 1st the young sprout robust growth sent out aging in time;
In (2) 8 ~ September, when the 2nd young sprout of cv. Feizixiao grows into 5 ~ 10 centimetres, kill tip medicine spray young sprout by sprayer machine with what prepare in advance, be sprayed onto till leaflet tablet soon drips, kill except the 2nd young sprout; Described compound method of killing tip medicine short for commercially available for 20ml lichee colored growth promotor for crop and 25kg water is mixed with to form;
After (3) the 2nd times young sprout kills and removes, 12 ~ 18 days, the 3rd tip continues to take out to be sent out, and carried out rich water quality management and tip work is protected in insect protected, impelled to take out the 3rd tip stalwartness sent out and produce aging in time.
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Citations (3)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1244338A (en) * | 1999-06-23 | 2000-02-16 | 苏华生 | High-yield litchi cultivation method including grafting one-year old sapling and bearing fruits in two years after grafting |
| CN102948349A (en) * | 2011-08-27 | 2013-03-06 | 骆伟伟 | Planting method of Nuomici litchi trees |
| CN103651033A (en) * | 2013-11-19 | 2014-03-26 | 北海市东雨农业科技有限公司 | Cultivation method for beak-shaped litchis |
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- 2014-08-28 CN CN201410430013.2A patent/CN104145774B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1244338A (en) * | 1999-06-23 | 2000-02-16 | 苏华生 | High-yield litchi cultivation method including grafting one-year old sapling and bearing fruits in two years after grafting |
| CN102948349A (en) * | 2011-08-27 | 2013-03-06 | 骆伟伟 | Planting method of Nuomici litchi trees |
| CN103651033A (en) * | 2013-11-19 | 2014-03-26 | 北海市东雨农业科技有限公司 | Cultivation method for beak-shaped litchis |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 妃子笑荔枝丰产稳产栽培技术;张海岚等;《广东农业科学》;19980610(第03期);第22-23页、第29页 * |
| 妃子笑荔枝优质高效栽培技术;卢光等;《广西热带农业》;20040910(第04期);第18-19页 * |
| 妃子笑荔枝安全高效生产技术体系;李伟才等;《广西热带农业》;20090710(第04期);第34-36页 * |
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