CN104030741B - Acid fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Acid fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104030741B CN104030741B CN201410297122.1A CN201410297122A CN104030741B CN 104030741 B CN104030741 B CN 104030741B CN 201410297122 A CN201410297122 A CN 201410297122A CN 104030741 B CN104030741 B CN 104030741B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to fertilizer and preparation method, particularly acid fertilizer and preparation method thereof.Solve the problem that current fertilizer specific aim is not strong.The preparation method of acid fertilizer, comprises the following steps: 1. vat liquor; 2. acidification; 3. multiplication culture; 4. again breed; 5. degree of becoming thoroughly decomposed is detected; 6. pack is dried.Effective solution soil fertility is not enough, supplements fertilizer, and avoid soil compaction again, effectively improve surface soil alkalinity problem, specific aim is very strong simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fertilizer and preparation method, particularly acid fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Over nearly 40 years, people abandon the use of the organic fertilizer such as Traditional compost, use chemical fertilizer in a large number.And the food source of the organism such as compost soil animal and microorganism just, this just causes soil carbon content to decline, organic deficient, soil physics structural imbalance, species diversity decline, the problem such as available nutrient too high, mineral element proportional imbalance, soil compaction in soil.Finally cause agricultural output decline, quality landslide, even food-safety problem takes place frequently.
Fertilising imbalance for many years or the calcareous content height of soil own all likely cause soil meta-alkali.Although most plants is not too responsive to the acid-basicity of soil, plant nutrient major part relative availability when P in soil H5.5-6.5 is higher.In order to reach the object of normal growth, the amount of application of fertilizer must be strengthened, base manure, topdress, foliage fertilizer comprehensive solution plant nutrition problem.Get off like this, the input of fertilizer strengthens, and the Yield and quality of agricultural-food can't ensure.Still cannot fundamentally solve, the soda acid in soil hardens situation simultaneously.
Vegetable mould, one deck mixture be made up of the plant material rotted and all kinds of organic waste (more than kitchen), can be used for potted plant.Vegetable mould is that the residual leaf of deadwood of topsoil trees in forest is formed after putrid fermentation over a long time.
If application number is that a kind of alkaline soil improver of 200510012366.1 propositions is newly filled a prescription, to improve the efficiency of gypsum or phosphogypsum improvement alkaline soil, can be also that main soil improvement agent is applied to not only alkali but also the area of drought by gypsum or phosphogypsum.This alkaline soil improver, its composition comprises following weight part: gypsum 1, stalk 0.5-1.5, urea 0.01-0.08.Aforesaid method cannot be long-range the problem of radical cure surface soil alkalinity, be unfavorable for the life-time service of soil on the contrary.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the above-mentioned shortcoming of prior art, the invention provides a kind of effectively solution soil fertility not enough, supplementing fertilizer, avoid soil compaction again simultaneously, make soil application enter an eucyclic eubiosis, effectively improve surface soil alkalinity problem, the acid fertilizer that specific aim is very strong.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: the preparation method of acid fertilizer, comprises the following steps:
1. vat liquor: vegetable mould is added water according to the ratio of solid-to-liquid ratio 1:5-7 and makes vegetable mould vat liquor;
2. acidification: obtain vat liquor after filtering, add diluted acid and regulate vat liquor pH value to 4-5, keep 1-3 minute after mixing up pH, obtain the vat liquor of acidifying, diluted acid is dilute sulphuric acid;
3. multiplication culture: the fermented product of the 9-12 times amount of the vat liquor after acidifying and its quality is uniformly mixed rear compost, compost 20-45 days, and temperature reaches 50 DEG C and just carries out turning, turning 2-5 time,
Described fermented product is made up of in mass ratio cereals shell, cake fertilizer and chemical fertilizer, cereals shell: cake fertilizer: chemical fertilizer=6.3 ~ 7.5:2.5 ~ 3.6:0.05 ~ 0.12.
Described cake fertilizer comprises soybean cake, rapeseed cake, peanut cake, cedar seed cake.
Described cereals shell is rice hulls and/or seed of Job's tears shell.When particle is conducive to more greatly compost and multiplication culture, ventilation heat radiation, bacterial multiplication is even more ideal, avoids high temperature to kill bacterium simultaneously.
4. again breed: the compost matter obtained after multiplication culture, then the fermented product adding itself quality 8-11 times amount proceeds compost, compost matter internal temperature in composting process, starts turning when reaching 50 DEG C, and control compost temperature can not more than 55 DEG C simultaneously.
5. degree of becoming thoroughly decomposed is detected: observe material index:
1) latter temperature that ferments reduces naturally;
2) no longer mosquitos and flies is attracted;
3) tedious stink is not had;
4) due to fungal growth, compost surface adularescent and the attachment of canescence mycelia;
5) composting production presents loose crumb structure;
The compost matter choosing 3-10 different positions carries out becoming thoroughly decomposed the inspection of chemical index:
1) starch must not detect;
2) water-soluble sugar content > 0.1%;
3) the change T < 0.6 of carbon-nitrogen ratio, the change of carbon-nitrogen ratio: T=(terminal C/N)/initial (C/N) evaluate rotten degree, represent become thoroughly decomposed as T < 0.6.
6. pack is dried: after detection compost matter reaches the degree of becoming thoroughly decomposed, dry compost matter, make its water content be less than 30%, pack airtight preservation.
The present invention has following beneficial effect: obtain acid microorganism by acidification, ensures the living environment of acid microorganism, kills the alkaline microbial of existence simultaneously, like this in the making processes of the acid fertilizer of postorder, obtains acidification better.
After the acidified process of vat liquor, major part of surviving is all acid microorganism, carries out multiplication culture to microorganism, ensures that postorder is produced, saves containing microorganism purchase humous, kill two birds with one stone and achieve the preparation of fertilizer.
The material such as oarse-grained husk in nutriment, can ensure that microorganism is in propagation and digest process, ensures good ventilation property, reaches radiating effect like this, reduce compost matter internal temperature, avoids killing microorganism because of high temperature.
Adopt the acid fertilizer of the application, utilize acid microorganism to solve surface soil alkalinity to harden, biology is utilized to reach the eubiosis to improve soil, avoid adopting the unfavorable of inorganic fertilizer improvement, adopt this acid fertilizer, can reduce when planting at ordinary times, the frequency of mugineic acid material, improve the security of plantation.
The soil of plantation laurustinus with loose, fertile and well-drained sand loam as well.But pattern affects by soil acidity or alkalinity, sour earth flower is in blue, and alkaline soil flower is for red.In the sale of laurustinus, be excellent with pure color, namely pure blue or pure red value high, and variegated commodity is poor.Therefore we adopt laurustinus as verifying the instruction crop that acid organic fertilizer is good to land reform.Soil after the application's soil fertility quality, the color of plantation laurustinus is out pure, and blueness is more pure, and commodity is good.In conjunction with the ES value detected in soil close to neutral, be effective.Although other fertilizer are effective, the pattern obtained from the plantation of ES data and actual laurustinus judges, less than the successful obtained after the application's soil fertility quality.
Embodiment
embodiment 1
The preparation method of acid fertilizer, comprises the following steps:
1. vat liquor: vegetable mould is added water according to the ratio of solid-to-liquid ratio 1:5 and makes vegetable mould vat liquor;
2. acidification: obtain vat liquor after filtering, adds dilute sulphuric acid and regulates vat liquor pH value to 4, keeps 1 minute after mixing up pH.
3. multiplication culture: the fermented product of 10 times amount of the vat liquor after acidifying and its quality is uniformly mixed rear compost, compost 25 days, and temperature reaches 50 DEG C and just carries out turning, turning 2-5 time,
Described fermented product is made up of in mass ratio cereals shell, cake fertilizer and chemical fertilizer, rice hulls: cake fertilizer: chemical fertilizer=6.9:3:0.1.
Described cake fertilizer comprises soybean cake, rapeseed cake, peanut cake, cedar seed cake.
Described husk is rice hulls.When particle is conducive to more greatly compost and multiplication culture, ventilation heat radiation, bacterial multiplication is even more ideal, avoids high temperature to kill bacterium simultaneously.
4. again breed: the compost matter obtained after multiplication culture, then the fermented product adding itself quality 10 times amount proceeds compost, compost matter internal temperature in composting process, starts turning when reaching 50 DEG C, and control compost temperature can not more than 55 DEG C simultaneously.
5. degree of becoming thoroughly decomposed is detected: observe material index:
1) latter temperature that ferments reduces naturally;
2) no longer mosquitos and flies is attracted;
3) tedious stink is not had;
4) due to fungal growth, compost surface adularescent and the attachment of canescence mycelia;
5) composting production presents loose crumb structure;
The compost matter choosing 3-10 different positions carries out becoming thoroughly decomposed the inspection of chemical index:
1) starch must not detect;
2) water-soluble sugar content > 0.1%;
3) the change T < 0.6 of carbon-nitrogen ratio, the change of carbon-nitrogen ratio: T=(terminal C/N)/initial (C/N) evaluate rotten degree, represent become thoroughly decomposed as T < 0.6.
6. pack is dried: after detection compost matter reaches the degree of becoming thoroughly decomposed, dry compost matter, make its water content be less than 30%, pack airtight preservation.
Test method: potted plant (28*30cm) totally 100 basins: wherein process 50 basins, contrast 50 basins.
Treatment process: all soil measures original pH, EC value according to saturated matrix method after mixing thoroughly, every basin applies 300 grams of acid organic fertilizers as process, and contrast adopts 300 grams, common organic fertilizer in contrast.Unified the watering of chemical fertilizer executes 16-10-14 bulk blended fertilizer, waters and executes concentration 0.1%, water weekly and execute once, water fertilizer water 1kg at every turn.
Trial sheet: cultivate the detection that the earth that starts for latter 1 month to fetch earth carries out pH, EC.The color of Taking Pictures recording flower when blooming.
In the sale of laurustinus, be excellent with pure color, namely pure blue or pure red value high, and variegated commodity is poor.Therefore we adopt laurustinus as verifying the instruction crop that alkalescent fertilizer material is good to land reform.
primary soil detected result on July 26th, 2013
Sample number into spectrum | pH | EC(us/cm) |
1 | 8.13 | 1256 |
2 | 7.55 | 1038 |
3 | 7.62 | 1073 |
4 | 7.82 | 1167 |
5 | 7.81 | 1134 |
6 | 8.07 | 1190 |
soil K+adsorption result on August 26th, 2013
Sample number into spectrum | pH | EC(us/cm) | Sample number into spectrum | pH | EC(us/cm) |
Contrast 1 | 7.66 | 1108 | Process 1 | 7.55 | 1057 |
Contrast 2 | 7.94 | 1075 | Process 2 | 7.43 | 1023 |
Contrast 3 | 7.82 | 1052 | Process 3 | 7.26 | 1036 |
Contrast 4 | 7.91 | 1073 | Process 4 | 7.45 | 1066 |
Contrast 5 | 7.45 | 1109 | Process 5 | 7.27 | 1048 |
Contrast 6 | 7.26 | 1102 | Process 6 | 7.36 | 993 |
soil K+adsorption result on September 26th, 2013
Sample number into spectrum | pH | EC(us/cm) | Sample number into spectrum | pH | EC(us/cm) |
Contrast 1 | 7.83 | 1009 | Process 1 | 7.25 | 957 |
Contrast 2 | 7.58 | 1057 | Process 2 | 7.35 | 844 |
Contrast 3 | 7.48 | 1194 | Process 3 | 7.26 | 1057 |
Contrast 4 | 7.62 | 1107 | Process 4 | 7.08 | 946 |
Contrast 5 | 7.43 | 1103 | Process 5 | 6.93 | 903 |
Contrast 6 | 7.37 | 1078 | Process 6 | 6.89 | 992 |
embodiment 2
The preparation method of acid fertilizer, comprises the following steps:
1. vat liquor: vegetable mould is added water according to the ratio of solid-to-liquid ratio 1:6 and makes vegetable mould vat liquor;
2. acidification: obtain vat liquor after filtering, adds dilute sulphuric acid and regulates vat liquor pH value to 5, keeps 2 minutes after mixing up pH.
3. multiplication culture: the fermented product of 11 times amount of the vat liquor after acidifying and its quality is uniformly mixed rear compost, compost 30 days, and temperature reaches 50 DEG C and just carries out turning, turning 2-5 time,
Described fermented product is made up of in mass ratio cereals shell, cake fertilizer and chemical fertilizer, seed of Job's tears shell: cake fertilizer: chemical fertilizer=6.8:3.3:0.09.
Described cake fertilizer comprises soybean cake, rapeseed cake, peanut cake, cedar seed cake.
Described cereals shell is seed of Job's tears shell.When particle is conducive to more greatly compost and multiplication culture, ventilation heat radiation, bacterial multiplication is even more ideal, avoids high temperature to kill bacterium simultaneously.
4. again breed: the compost matter obtained after multiplication culture, then the fermented product adding itself quality 9 times amount proceeds compost, compost matter internal temperature in composting process, starts turning when reaching 50 DEG C, and control compost temperature can not more than 55 DEG C simultaneously.
5. degree of becoming thoroughly decomposed is detected: observe material index:
1) latter temperature that ferments reduces naturally;
2) no longer mosquitos and flies is attracted;
3) tedious stink is not had;
4) due to fungal growth, compost surface adularescent and the attachment of canescence mycelia;
5) composting production presents loose crumb structure;
The compost matter choosing 3-10 different positions carries out becoming thoroughly decomposed the inspection of chemical index:
1) starch must not detect;
2) water-soluble sugar content > 0.1%;
3) the change T < 0.6 of carbon-nitrogen ratio, the change of carbon-nitrogen ratio: T=(terminal C/N)/initial (C/N) evaluate rotten degree, represent become thoroughly decomposed as T < 0.6.
6. pack is dried: after detection compost matter reaches the degree of becoming thoroughly decomposed, dry compost matter, make its water content be less than 30%, pack airtight preservation.
Test method: potted plant (28*30cm) totally 100 basins: wherein process 50 basins, contrast 50 basins.
Treatment process: all soil measures original pH, EC value according to saturated matrix method after mixing thoroughly, every basin applies 300 grams of acid organic fertilizers as process, and contrast adopts 300 grams, common organic fertilizer in contrast.Unified the watering of chemical fertilizer executes 16-10-14 bulk blended fertilizer, waters and executes concentration 0.1%, water weekly and execute once, water fertilizer water 1kg at every turn.
Trial sheet: cultivate the detection that the earth that starts for latter 1 month to fetch earth carries out pH, EC.The color of Taking Pictures recording flower when blooming.
primary soil detected result on July 26th, 2013
Sample number into spectrum | pH | EC(us/cm) |
1 | 8.13 | 1256 |
2 | 7.55 | 1038 |
3 | 7.62 | 1073 |
4 | 7.82 | 1167 |
5 | 7.81 | 1134 |
6 | 8.07 | 1190 |
soil K+adsorption result on October 26th, 2013
Sample number into spectrum | pH | EC(us/cm) | Sample number into spectrum | pH | EC(us/cm) |
Contrast 1 | 7.55 | 994 | Process 1 | 6.94 | 845 |
Contrast 2 | 7.92 | 893 | Process 2 | 6.55 | 838 |
Contrast 3 | 7.82 | 904 | Process 3 | 6.87 | 827 |
Contrast 4 | 7.63 | 893 | Process 4 | 6.32 | 839 |
Contrast 5 | 7.38 | 778 | Process 5 | 6.31 | 861 |
Contrast 6 | 7.47 | 809 | Process 6 | 7.85 | 849 |
soil K+adsorption result on November 26th, 2013
Sample number into spectrum | pH | EC(us/cm) | Sample number into spectrum | pH | EC(us/cm) |
Contrast 1 | 7.23 | 804 | Process 1 | 5.42 | 780 |
Contrast 2 | 7.58 | 955 | Process 2 | 5.76 | 826 |
Contrast 3 | 7.83 | 947 | Process 3 | 5.96 | 774 |
Contrast 4 | 7.37 | 983 | Process 4 | 5.89 | 790 |
Contrast 5 | 7.58 | 927 | Process 5 | 5.90 | 891 |
Contrast 6 | 7.80 | 938 | Process 6 | 5.91 | 790 |
soil K+adsorption result on December 26th, 2013
Sample number into spectrum | pH | EC(us/cm) | Sample number into spectrum | pH | EC(us/cm) |
Contrast 1 | 7.47 | 960 | Process 1 | 5.29 | 887 |
Contrast 2 | 7.52 | 906 | Process 2 | 5.47 | 902 |
Contrast 3 | 7.57 | 829 | Process 3 | 5.33 | 917 |
Contrast 4 | 7.47 | 843 | Process 4 | 5.62 | 960 |
Contrast 5 | 7.38 | 805 | Process 5 | 5.29 | 935 |
Contrast 6 | 7.32 | 891 | Process 6 | 5.37 | 809 |
Claims (5)
1. acid fertilizer, adopts following steps to be prepared:
1. vat liquor: vegetable mould is added water according to the ratio of solid-to-liquid ratio 1:5-7 and makes vegetable mould vat liquor;
2. acidification: obtain vat liquor after filtering, adds diluted acid and regulates vat liquor pH value to 4-5, keep 1-3 minute, obtain the vat liquor of acidifying after mixing up pH;
3. multiplication culture: the fermented product of the 9-12 times amount of the vat liquor after acidifying and its quality is uniformly mixed rear compost, compost 20-45 days, and temperature reaches 50 DEG C and just carries out turning, turning 2-5 time; Described fermented product is made up of in mass ratio cereals shell, cake fertilizer and chemical fertilizer, cereals shell: cake fertilizer: chemical fertilizer=6.3 ~ 7.5:2.5 ~ 3.6:0.05 ~ 0.12;
4. again breed: the compost matter obtained after multiplication culture, then the fermented product adding itself quality 8-11 times amount proceeds compost, compost matter internal temperature in composting process, starts turning when reaching 50 DEG C, and control compost temperature can not more than 55 DEG C simultaneously;
5. degree of becoming thoroughly decomposed is detected: observe material index:
1) latter temperature that ferments reduces naturally;
2) no longer mosquitos and flies is attracted;
3) tedious stink is not had;
4) due to fungal growth, compost surface adularescent and the attachment of canescence mycelia;
5) composting production presents loose crumb structure;
The compost matter choosing 3-10 different positions carries out becoming thoroughly decomposed the inspection of chemical index:
1) starch must not detect;
2) water-soluble sugar content > 0.1%;
3) the change T < 0.6 of carbon-nitrogen ratio;
The change of carbon-nitrogen ratio: T=(terminal C/N)/initial (C/N) evaluate rotten degree, represent become thoroughly decomposed as T < 0.6;
6. pack is dried: after detection compost matter reaches the degree of becoming thoroughly decomposed, dry compost matter, make its water content be less than 30%, pack airtight preservation.
2. acid fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described cake fertilizer is made up of soybean cake, rapeseed cake, peanut cake, one or more mixing of cedar seed cake.
3. acid fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described cereals shell is rice hulls and/or seed of Job's tears shell.
4. acid fertilizer as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: described cereals shell is rice hulls and/or seed of Job's tears shell.
5. the acid fertilizer as described in any one of claim 1-4, is characterized in that: described step 2. in diluted acid be dilute sulphuric acid.
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Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH04222895A (en) * | 1990-12-25 | 1992-08-12 | Keijiro Nakamura | Production of soil improver, organic fertilizer and livestock feed |
CN101935236A (en) * | 2010-09-27 | 2011-01-05 | 上海创博生态工程有限公司 | Method for preparing acid organic fertilizer by orientation fermentation of organic waste |
CN102249747A (en) * | 2010-05-20 | 2011-11-23 | 陈立兵 | BYM-biotechnology for leaching Huic. Acid |
CN102531801A (en) * | 2012-01-05 | 2012-07-04 | 上海创博生态工程有限公司 | Acidic microbial organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
CN102674910A (en) * | 2012-05-03 | 2012-09-19 | 潍坊太乙生物科技有限公司 | Bio-fertilizer for organically cultivating crops and preparation method of bio-fertilizer |
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2014
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Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH04222895A (en) * | 1990-12-25 | 1992-08-12 | Keijiro Nakamura | Production of soil improver, organic fertilizer and livestock feed |
CN102249747A (en) * | 2010-05-20 | 2011-11-23 | 陈立兵 | BYM-biotechnology for leaching Huic. Acid |
CN101935236A (en) * | 2010-09-27 | 2011-01-05 | 上海创博生态工程有限公司 | Method for preparing acid organic fertilizer by orientation fermentation of organic waste |
CN102531801A (en) * | 2012-01-05 | 2012-07-04 | 上海创博生态工程有限公司 | Acidic microbial organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
CN102674910A (en) * | 2012-05-03 | 2012-09-19 | 潍坊太乙生物科技有限公司 | Bio-fertilizer for organically cultivating crops and preparation method of bio-fertilizer |
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