CN104026004A - Efficient bolting-resistance spring cabbage breeding method - Google Patents
Efficient bolting-resistance spring cabbage breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104026004A CN104026004A CN201410309436.9A CN201410309436A CN104026004A CN 104026004 A CN104026004 A CN 104026004A CN 201410309436 A CN201410309436 A CN 201410309436A CN 104026004 A CN104026004 A CN 104026004A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an efficient bolting-resistance spring cabbage breeding method. The method comprises the steps that selfing separation future generation plants are planted in an open field and a greenhouse protected field, the plants with the similar agronomic traits fall into the same class through agronomic trait investigation, then authentication for the bolting performance is carried out on the plants in the open field, authentication for the yielding ability, commodity, head-splitting performance and the like is carried out on the plants in the greenhouse protected field, finally, selection is carried out through comprehensive consideration, the single plant with the high bolting resistance performance, the high yield and the good commodity is selected, and the breeding efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of breeding method of wild cabbage, especially a kind of resistance to bolting spring wild cabbage high-efficient breeding method, belongs to field of plant variety breeding technology.
Background technology:
Head cabbage is the important vegetables of one that generally plant China various places, in vegetable growing and year-round supply, occupies critical role.But in Yangtze river basin open country spring wild cabbage cultivation, often, because of weather and the reason such as cultivation management is improper, make spring wild cabbage that " bolting in advance " phenomenon occur, thereby have a strong impact on the quality and yield of wild cabbage, bring massive losses to production.To fundamentally address this problem, only cultivate the spring head cabbage varieties of resistance to bolting.Therefore, spring wild cabbage breeding objective not only disease-resistant, high yield, commodity is good, but also wants bolting resistant property strong.
Take a broad view of the resistance to bolting breeding research of spring wild cabbage, it is the reason of bolting in advance, and utilizes cultivation step to prevent that the research of bolting is more in advance, but less in researchs such as Genetic Mechanisms, relevant breeding method selection, bolting and correlated traits.
Resistance to bolting qualification can be divided into field test and two kinds of modes of indoor artificial treatment qualification in seedling stage by qualification mode.Because artificial treatment qualification in indoor seedling stage is subject to the restriction of many objective condition, and field test is the most direct, can reflect the authentication method of bolting actual conditions, and simple, therefore, at present breeding units mostly or adopt adopt for many years pass through sowing ahead of time (than about 15 days in advance normal sowing time of spring wild cabbage), the authentication method of the natural vernalization of seedlings, strengthens the selection intensity of resistance to bolting in advance.(wild cabbage is sowed more early, and the seedling plant that survives the winter can be larger, runs into just easier bolting of short-term low temperature, and underdone ratio of taking out tomb is just higher)
Head cabbage belongs to green body vernalization type, and seedling need grow to a certain size, and certain time under certain low temperature could be by vernalization.Here the standard of " a certain size " of indication, according to different, such as the diameter of seedling stem, age in days, the number of sheets etc. of seedling, and these standards have much relations with breediness, therefore this brings very large difficulty also to spring wild cabbage breeding.Because wild cabbage just starts bolting at 2 ?March, and the wild cabbage commodity maturing stage in spring in 4 ?Mays, therefore in spring wild cabbage breeding process, be how conflict by comprehensive selection such as bolting and balling, yielding ability, commodity, blastomeres.
The author is in actual breeding process, although just discovery can be conducive to select the material of resistance to bolting by the method for sowing ahead of time, but also there is following problem: planting early enough can be selected the individual plant that bolting resistant property is strong, after blooming by vernalization bolting, later stage can not balling or balling when very loose with regard to bolting, also just cannot compare selection to its balling, yielding ability, commodity, resistance to cracking etc.
Therefore in spring wild cabbage breeding, lack a set of accurate, comprehensive, practical method, evaluate and rationally utilize breeding material that foundation is provided for correct.
Summary of the invention:
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: the defect existing for prior art, a kind of resistance to bolting spring wild cabbage high-efficient breeding method is proposed, and be bred as resistance to bolting, good spring wild cabbage material, accelerate spring wild cabbage breeding process.
The present invention is technical solution problem by the following technical programs, and a kind of resistance to bolting spring wild cabbage high-efficient breeding method, comprises the following steps:
Step 1, using the spring head cabbage varieties introduced or material as starting material, therefrom select a fine individual plant to reserve seed for planting, in spring in next year, under florescence isolation condition, artificial individual plant selfing pollination, obtains selfed seed;
Step 2, by selfed seed in seeding and seedling raising by the end of September, about seedling age 38 days, divide half field planting open country and booth protection ground by seedling, booth protection ground cultivation will be strengthened temperature, rich water quality management, after field planting, as run into the microthermal climate of continuous many days, in booth, add a cover little shed, improve temperature, prevent by vernalization, guarantee the normal balling of plant;
Step 3, growing period, carry out economical character investigation to open country and booth protection ground plant, and plant similar economical character be divided into a class;
Step 4, the plant that open country is planted carry out bolting resistant property qualification, selection.The plant of booth Greenhouse is carried out balling, yielding ability, commodity, resistance to cracking qualification, selected simultaneously.
Step 5, in the similar class plant of economical character, consider select that strong, the balling of bolting resistant property is tight, high yield, commodity individual plant good, resistance to cracking ball reserve seed for planting, under florescence isolation condition, artificial individual plant selfing pollination, obtains selfed seed;
Step 6, according to step 2 to five, repeat continuously 3 generations select, selfing, obtain selfed seed;
Step 7, by the selfed seed of above-mentioned acquisition, adopt again conventional method, by sowing ahead of time and under outdoor cropping, directed select fine individual plant selfing purifying 2 ?3 generations, just can obtain bolting resistant property is strong, proterties is good stable wild cabbage self incompatible line or inbred line, for preparing hybrid spring wild cabbage.
This method is exactly by separating selfing offspring plant; respectively simultaneously at open country and booth Greenhouse; investigate by economical character again, by the class that is divided into similar economical character, then open country plant is carried out to bolting qualification; and to booth Greenhouse plant; carry out the qualifications such as yielding ability, commodity, blastomere, finally consider selection, reach and both select bolting resistant property strong; the individual plant get bumper crops again, commodity being good, improves breeding efficiency.
Bolting qualification one is according to bolting " Invest, Then Investigate " in spring bolting percentage in advance.The one, according to the method for Li Changying, identify in early days resistance to bolting power according to flower bud differentiation index.The calculating of flower bud differentiation index: flower bud differentiation index=[Σ (flower bud differentiation progression × strain number at the corresponding levels)/(highest number × total strain number)] × 100%.
The observation of flower bud differentiation: peel off stem apex under anatomical lens, the progression of investigation flower bud differentiation, calculates flower bud differentiation index.Repeat 3 times, every duplication l0 smears.The grade scale of flower bud differentiation: 0 grade: bud does not break up, growing point is wrapped up by leaf primordium, is conical; 1 grade: growing point is wrapped up by many flakey leaflets, starts to break up flower primordium, and growing point is steamed bun shape; 3 grades: growing point is surrounded by little Hua battalion, and scape does not extend; 5 grades: scape starts to extend, and under 2 times of anatomical lens, can distinguish inflorescence; 7 grades: scape extends, range estimation is buddingged as seen.
Brief description of the drawings:
Fig. 1 is the procedure schema of the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment:
Below preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in detail, thereby so that advantages and features of the invention can be easier to be it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that, protection scope of the present invention is made to more explicit defining.
Embodiment mono-:
Material: spring rich (source: vegetables institute of academy of agricultural sciences of Jiangsu Province, Jiang Shu seedling company is on sale), profit beautiful (source: Japanese Ye Qi seed breeding station, Ruifan Agricultural Gardening Co., Ltd., Zhenjiang City is on sale).
The procedure schema of the present embodiment is shown in Fig. 1, specifically breeding according to the following steps:
Step 1, seed selection female parent, breeding selects that growing way is good for initial 2005 rich wild cabbage of spring from spring, leaf-head rounding, fine individual plant that disease resistance is strong carries out the florescence and the selfing of flower bud phase obtains seed, September 18 in 2006 is by the planting seed obtaining, then be colonizated in open country and booth, each field planting 50 strains, strengthen temperature of shed management, guarantee that plant can not be by vernalization.The strain phase is carried out plant height, degree of development, the outer number of sheets, leaf look, the economical character investigation such as leaf, by close economical character in 100 strains plant classification, is divided into 6 classes.After the beginning of spring, again the plant of open country plantation is carried out to bolting resistant property qualification, to the commodity maturing stage, to booth Greenhouse plant, carry out yielding ability, commodity, the qualifications such as blastomere, then comprehensively compare in same class plant, should resistance to bolting, performance high yield again, commodity is good, resistance to cracking ball, so just can from this class plant of open country plantation, select an individual plant to carry out the florescence again and the selfing of flower bud phase obtains seed, (such as, first kind plant, in booth, cultivate, performance high yield, commodity is good, resistance to cracking ball etc., so just see again this class plant, show at open country bolting resistant property, if done very well, just therefrom select an individual plant to reserve seed for planting, if bolting resistant property is bad, that does not just select, from other class plant, compare selection again).In 06 year, 07 year, directed selection of 3 generations like this continuously in 08 year, selfing purifying, the 4th generation basic proterties stable after, just by usual method, directly open country plantation, continue again directed selection fine individual plant and carry out florescence and two generations of flower bud phase selfing, and carry out self-incompatibillity mensuration, select florescence self-compatible index≤1, and flower bud phase self-compatible index >=5, select economical character to the 6th generation good, resistance to bolting resistance to cracking ball is strong, the stable self incompatible line of self-incompatibillity 05 ?3 ?2 ?2 ?1 ?4, this self incompatible line plant height 34cm, degree of development 55～60cm, 14～15 of the outer numbers of sheets, leaf look grayish green, growing way is prosperous, bolting resistant property is strong, more disease-resistant, leaf-head point peach-shaped, the heavy 0.9kg of single ball left and right, florescence and flower bud phase self-compatible index are respectively 0.3 and 9.1, and (above-mentioned economical character refers to: the outer number of sheets, degree of development, plant height, leaf-head color, spherical, core length and wide, leaf-head is long and wide, the degree of packing).
Step 2, seed selection male parent, breeding selects that growing way is good initial 2005 spring from moisten beautiful wild cabbage, leaf-head rounding, fine individual plant that disease resistance is strong carries out the florescence and the selfing of flower bud phase obtains seed, since 2006, according to maternal selection, selected by 2010 self incompatible line that economical character is good, stable 05 ?2 ?1 ?2 ?2 ?1, this self incompatible line plant height 32cm, degree of development 52～54cm, 10～12 of the outer numbers of sheets, leaf look green, bolting resistant property, disease resistance are strong, leaf-head tip circle, the heavy 1.1kg of average single ball, is difficult for blastomere.Florescence and flower bud phase self-compatible index are respectively 0.18 and 11.1;
Step 3, cultivate crossbreed, spring in 2011, select stable, good wild cabbage self incompatible line 05 ?3 ?2 ?2 ?1 ?4 and 05 ?2 ?1 ?2 ?2 ?1 preparing hybrid combination, carry out combining ability test, through planting experimentally product ratio, the reciprocal cross of this combination all show bolting resistant property,, disease resistance is strong, quality better, output is high.This combination degree of development 60cm, plant height 34cm, siphonal lobe 14, leaf look green, is spherically fat OX-heart shape, and single ball weighs 1.3 ?1.5kg, and it is high by 46% that newel accounts for ball, and breeding time is than spring Feng Chi 3 ?5 days, per mu yield 4000kg left and right.
Claims (3)
1. a resistance to bolting spring wild cabbage high-efficient breeding method, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
Step 1, using the spring head cabbage varieties introduced or material as starting material, therefrom select a fine individual plant to reserve seed for planting, in spring in next year, under florescence isolation condition, artificial individual plant selfing pollination, obtains selfed seed;
Step 2, by selfed seed in seeding and seedling raising by the end of September, seedling age, about 38 days, divides semidefinite to be implanted in open country and booth protection ground seedling;
Step 3, growing period, carry out economical character investigation to open country and booth protection ground plant, and plant similar economical character be divided into a class;
Step 4, the plant that open country is planted carry out bolting resistant property qualification, selection, the plant of booth Greenhouse are carried out balling, yielding ability, commodity, resistance to cracking qualification, are selected simultaneously;
Step 5, in the similar class plant of economical character, select Comprehensive Traits good individual plant to reserve seed for planting, under florescence isolation condition, artificial individual plant selfing pollination, obtains selfed seed;
Step 6, according to step 2 to five, repeat continuously 3 generations select, selfing, obtain selfed seed;
Step 7, by the selfed seed of above-mentioned acquisition, adopt again conventional method, by sowing ahead of time and under outdoor cropping, directed select fine individual plant again selfing purifying 2 ?3 generations, just can obtain bolting resistant property is strong, proterties is good stable wild cabbage self incompatible line or inbred line, for preparing hybrid spring wild cabbage.
2. wild cabbage high-efficient breeding method of resistance to bolting spring of one as claimed in claim 1; it is characterized in that; described step (two) booth protection ground cultivation will be strengthened temperature, rich water quality management; after field planting as run into the microthermal climate of continuous many days; to in booth, add a cover little shed; improve temperature, prevent by vernalization, guarantee the normal balling of plant.
3. wild cabbage high-efficient breeding method of resistance to bolting spring of one as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, described step (five) Comprehensive Traits is good is that bolting resistant property is strong, balling is tight, high yield, commodity are good, resistance to cracking ball.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN109220773A (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2019-01-18 | 东北农业大学 | A kind of breeding method of resistance to bolting head cabbage varieties |
| CN109601373A (en) * | 2019-01-17 | 2019-04-12 | 西北农林科技大学 | A kind of spring wild cabbage resists the selection of underdone bolting early-maturing variety |
| CN111480537A (en) * | 2020-04-27 | 2020-08-04 | 上海市农业科学院 | Method for promoting early bolting and flowering of common head cabbage |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109220773A (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2019-01-18 | 东北农业大学 | A kind of breeding method of resistance to bolting head cabbage varieties |
| CN109220773B (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2021-11-02 | 东北农业大学 | Method for cultivating bolting-resistant cabbage variety |
| CN109601373A (en) * | 2019-01-17 | 2019-04-12 | 西北农林科技大学 | A kind of spring wild cabbage resists the selection of underdone bolting early-maturing variety |
| CN111480537A (en) * | 2020-04-27 | 2020-08-04 | 上海市农业科学院 | Method for promoting early bolting and flowering of common head cabbage |
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Effective date of registration: 20180829 Address after: No. 112, NInghang Road, Jurong City, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Patentee after: Zhenjiang Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Hilly Region Address before: No. 112, NInghang Road, Jurong City, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Patentee before: Ruifan Agricultural Gardening Co., Ltd., Zhenjiang City |
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Effective date of registration: 20201208 Address after: 214104 High-tech Agricultural Demonstration Park in Anzhen Street, Xishan District, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province Patentee after: WUXI DIMODE BIOLOGICAL SEED INDUSTRY TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Address before: 212400 Zhenjiang City, Jiangsu Province Hangzhou Ning Jurong City No. 112 Patentee before: JIANGSU FOOTHILL ZHENJIANG AGRICULTURE Research Institute |