CN104025827A - Artificial reproduction method of heterophylly falsestarwort roots - Google Patents
Artificial reproduction method of heterophylly falsestarwort roots Download PDFInfo
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- CN104025827A CN104025827A CN201310069543.4A CN201310069543A CN104025827A CN 104025827 A CN104025827 A CN 104025827A CN 201310069543 A CN201310069543 A CN 201310069543A CN 104025827 A CN104025827 A CN 104025827A
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Abstract
An artificial reproduction method of heterophylly falsestarwort roots is characterized in that (1) the sowing time is preferably late October; if the sowing time is too late, heterophylly falsestarwort root seeds start sprouting due to decreased temperatures, buds are easy to damage after being hit, and emergence of seedlings is affected in the following year; (2) tuberous roots which have complete buds and are large in heterophylly falsestarwort root body and free of injuries and plant diseases and insect pests are selected as the heterophylly falsestarwort root seeds; (3) a seedling culture method includes dipping base portions of the heterophylly falsestarwort root buds in a rooting agent, cutting the base portions in a matrix, and performing shading culture on 60% to 70% of the heterophylly falsestarwort root seeds in seven to ten days after cutting, wherein moisture in the matrix is maintained to be 80% to 90%, and air humidity is maintained to be over 90%; (4) during planting, a ditch with the depth of about 13cm is firstly transversally dug in an arranged bed surface, subsequently, the heterophylly falsestarwort root seedlings are planted slantwise in the ditch at row spacing of 5cm to 7cm, the buds are upward and are 6cm to the bed surface, and the buds are located on the same level. By means of the artificial reproduction method of the heterophylly falsestarwort roots, the heterophylly falsestarwort roots are cultivated under the condition of high altitudes and low temperatures in the northwest, cultivated areas are broadened, and cultivation efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to plant propagation technical field, be specially a kind of artificial fecundation method of radix pseudostellariae.
Background technology
Radix pseudostellariae be pinkwort pseudostellaria heterophylla Pseudostellaria heeterophyulla (Mig.) Pax ex Pax et Hoffm.] and dried root, have another name called virgin ginseng, caryophyllaceous ginseng.Tool replenishes qi to invigorate the spleen, promoting production of body fluid and nourishing the lung function.Main product Jiangsu, there is cultivation in Fujian, Anhui, Zhejiang, Shandong.Its morphological feature is perennial herb, 10 1 20 centimetres of plant heights.Piece root is most, meat, spindle, and crust is faint yellow, dredges raw fibrous root.Stem is upright, and closely square, memorandum is expanded, and internode has two row pubescence.Leaf is to life, nearly stockless, and bottom leaf cochlear or the lanceolar that falls, top leaf egg shape lanceolar, to long avette, is about 7 centimetres, wide approximately 1 centimetre; There are 4 lobate involucres of large shape on stem top.Flower armpit is raw, two types; Little shape is spent in the subaerial locking of the lower portion of the stem, purple, sepal 4, and closure, without petal, stamen common 2.Stem top raw common colored l-3 piece, and shape is large; White, sepal 5, petal 5, obovate, stamen 10, style 3, ovary is upper.Capsule is subsphaeroidal, sagging when ripe, cracking.Seed 7-8, oblate spheroid, puce, surperficial tool wart point.The florescence 4-5 month, the fruit phase 5-6 month.Its habit of growth is that radix pseudostellariae is mostly wild in the rock crevice and litter horizon on dark and damp hillside, loose humus, the well-drained sandy loam of being rich in of happiness.Be suitable for gentle humid climate, grow vigorous under the temperature of mean of dekan 10-20 ℃, avoid hot summer high temperature high light and be exposed to the sun, when temperature reaches more than 30 ℃, plant strain growth is stagnated.Late June, plant started to wither, and entered people's dormancy and got over the summer.Radix pseudostellariae cold resistance is strong, can safe overwintering under the temperature of-17 ℃.Happiness is fertile, be afraid of waterlogging, after ponding easily rotten.Seed should not be dried for a long time and put, should be with adopting with broadcasting, and must meet certain cryogenic conditions and could sprout.So under natural conditions, just can see seedling spring, the asexual seedling being grown by seed ginseng is emerged spring.After emerging, plant strain growth is accelerated gradually, and overground part forms branch, and blade increases.The characteristic of subterranean stem tool " stipes is taken root ", and along with the growth of overground part, enlarge into fusoid root.Radix pseudostellariae is at Northwest High Altitude, and under the condition of low temperature, plantation is not also reported, the present invention adopts asexual reproduction method, carries out test of many times, successfully solves propagation method, expands cultivated area, improves planting benefit.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to adopt vegetative method, at Northwest High Altitude, under the condition of low temperature, plant radix pseudostellariae, expand cultivated area, improve planting benefit.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is specific as follows:
1, the selection sowing time of sowing time is advisable before with late October, after late seed ginseng start rudiment because of mercury dropped, the bud head of easily damaging during plantation, affects and emerges next year.
2, the selection seed ginseng of seed should select bud head complete, and ginseng body is loose, without wound, without the piece root of damage by disease and insect.
After the method for 3, growing seedlings is dipped in root-growing agent by seed ginseng bud head base portion, cuttage is in matrix, and trickle impels stem segment base portion and matrix close contact; After cuttage in 7～10 days, shelter from heat or light and 60%～70% cultivate, and keep water supply in media 80%～90% and air humidity more than 90%, then will shelter from heat or light gradually, water supply in media, air humidity be reduced to 25%～35%, 65%～75%, 60%～70%, after stem section is taken root, adopt urea liquid to drench and fertilely grow up to seedling; Described root-growing agent is the aqueous solution that 2,4-D, IBA, paclobutrazol are mixed with, and wherein the concentration of each component is 2,4-D200mgIBA1000mgL, paclobutrazol 600mgL-1.
While 4, planting, first on whole good furrow face, laterally open 13 centimetres of bar ditches that left and right is dark, then will plant seedling, by spacing in the rows 5-7 centimetre, tiltedly plant in ditch, require bud head-up, from 6 centimetres, furrow face, bud head position is in same level.Every mu of sowing quantity 40-60 kilogram.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is to adopt vegetative method, at Northwest High Altitude, under the condition of low temperature, plants radix pseudostellariae, expands cultivated area, improves planting benefit.
Embodiment
In conjunction with planting base, Gansu, be described further.
The artificial fecundation method of example 1, a kind of radix pseudostellariae
Selection of land, whole select fertile loose, draining is good, containing the abundant sandy loam of humus.Avoid continuous cropping, front stubble is with sweet potato, vegetables etc. for well, and hillside fields is with northwards, person is advisable eastwards.Generally, after early autumn crop results, soil is ploughed, heavy dressing base manure, fertile kind be take farmyard manure as main, and should fully become thoroughly decomposed.Hug thin rake even, make that 1.2-1.5 rice is wide, 20 centimetres of high furrow, furrow face keeps hunchbacked shape.
2. before adopting the vegetative method sowing time with late October, be advisable, after late seed ginseng start rudiment because of mercury dropped, the bud head of easily damaging during plantation, affects and emerges next year.Seed ginseng should select bud head complete, and ginseng body is loose, without wound, without the piece root of damage by disease and insect.During plantation, first on whole good furrow face, laterally open 13 centimetres of bar ditches that left and right is dark, then seed ginseng is tiltedly planted in ditch by spacing in the rows 5-7 centimetre, require bud head-up, from 6 centimetres, furrow face, bud head position, in same level, is practised and is claimed " upper neat lower uneven ".Then by 15 centimetres of line-spacings (ditch distance), open again second ditch, and will on rear～bar ditch, overlay on last ditch that has sequenced ginseng, then row row ginseng, the rest may be inferred.Planted 1 furrow, suppression a little, and furrow face is made into hunchbacked shape.Every mu of sowing quantity 40-60 kilogram.
3. after the method for growing seedlings is dipped in root-growing agent by seed ginseng bud head base portion, cuttage is in matrix, and trickle impels stem segment base portion and matrix close contact; After cuttage in 7～10 days, shelter from heat or light and 60%～70% cultivate, and keep water supply in media 80%～90% and air humidity more than 90%, then will shelter from heat or light gradually, water supply in media, air humidity be reduced to 25%～35%, 65%～75%, 60%～70%, after stem section is taken root, adopt urea liquid to drench and fertilely grow up to seedling; Described root-growing agent is the aqueous solution that 2,4-D, IBA, paclobutrazol are mixed with, and wherein the concentration of each component is 2,4-D200mgIBA1000mgL, paclobutrazol 600mgL-1.
4, field management
(l) prevent from not emerging then after people and animals from trampling cultivation, keep furrow face smooth, avoid people and animals to trample on, otherwise easily cause local short-term ponding, make to join root rot, more should prevent from trampling during finally causing the underproduction of being short of seedling, seed field to get over the summer.
(2) weeding, ridging early Febuary, while coming up, poor growth, the numerous life of the weeds that survive the winter, the shallow hoe of available spud 1 time is shown in that grass just pulls out later.In conjunction with arranging furrow ditch, the soil being collapsed in furrow limit is withdrawn furrow face to simultaneously, or earths up with soil moved in to improve the original, and ridging thickness is advisable to be no more than 2 centimetres.After the first tenday period of a month in May, plant is sealed row already, except pulling out large grass, can stop weeding.
(3) radix pseudostellariae that topdresses is short vegetative period, mainly take base manure as main, particularly the later stage, topdresses improper, as many nitrogen fertilizer applications can cause cauline leaf excessive growth, affects output.As thin and weak in seedling, can apply 30 1 40 kilograms, the cake fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed every mu of early April, and water subsequently.
(4) irrigation and drainage radix pseudostellariae is afraid of waterlogging, and after rain, the necessary draining of furrow ditch is unimpeded.When drought, should note watering, to keep furrow face moistening, be beneficial to root of hair and plant strain growth.
5. the extermination of disease and insect pest
(1) be injured plant leaf shrinkage and floral leaf of virus disease, plant is early withered, and piece root is thin and little.Answer integrated control: attention control aphid; Choosing is reserved seed for planting without diseased plant or seedling; Crop rotation.
(2) leaf spot is mainly in spring and summer rainy season, the blade of causing harm, and when serious, plant is withered and yellow and dead.Generally use at the initial stage of a disease the bordeaux mixture of 1: 1: 100, every 7-10 days, spray 1 time or prevent and treat with 65% Zineb wettable powder 500-600 times of liquid spraying.
(3) cutworm, grub, wireworm larva sting food piece root or rhizome, especially with piece root expand, that overground part is about to when withered harm is serious.Can be equipped with chlorophos poison bait traps and kills in spreading field at dusk.
6, gather and process
Late June, plant withers while falling seedling, except seed-plot, answers digging, gathers in the crops the appropriate to the occasion fine day that selects, and cleans earth, puts in boiling water and scalds 2-3 minute, pulls out and is exposed to the sun to half-dried, rubs with the hands and removes fibrous root, and bank out and make it moisture regain, then shine to absolutely dry.This method products obtained therefrom is practised and is claimed to scald ginseng, also can after digging, directly dry without having one's hair waved, claims sun-dried ginseng.This product take body dry, need not root, size evenly, light yellow complexion person is as good.
7, the technology of reserving seed for planting
While playing ginseng, choosing ginseng body is stout and strong, bud head is full, without the piece root of damage by disease and insect, make seed ginseng, and husky Tibetan the in the indoor shady and cool place of juxtaposition, often keeps moistening, and 15 1 20 days and stir 1 time, and anti-rain, avoid husky Tibetan on concrete floor.Until when plantation take out and again select.Also can adopt original place conservation method,, when playing ginseng, reserve part ginseng furrow and do not dig, and the first tenday period of a month in May, interplanting soya bean or sweet potato in ginseng ground.In plant to be planted while falling seedling,, be layed onto the soil in furrow ditch on furrow face, is 3-5 centimetre, and now soya bean or Sweet Potato Leaf have been covered with furrow face, not only shade but also can keep certain moisture, are beneficial to seed ginseng and get over the summer.Radix pseudostellariae germination capacity of seeds is stronger, but easy to crack after fruit maturation, seed is easily scattered, and seminal propagation poor growth, and the place of production can utilize seed that nature is scattered to carry out original place and grow seedlings.Method be after ginseng root results, apply fertilizer, plough, the bedding of whole ground, the vegetables such as radish, green vegetables in cultivation.After early spring in next year, seed sprouting emerged, remove or results crop on the ground the management such as seedling, weeding in the ranks of going forward side by side.Interplanting the first tenday period of a month in May such as soya bean etc. is kept a full stand of seedings more multiple.While planting, can gather in the crops and be used as seed ginseng autumn.When seed ginseng lacks, this method breeding seed ginseng of Chang Keyong.
Claims (1)
1. an artificial fecundation method for radix pseudostellariae, is characterized in that
(1) sowing time is advisable before with late October, after late seed ginseng start rudiment because of mercury dropped, the bud head of easily damaging during plantation, affects and emerges next year;
(2) seed ginseng selects bud head complete, and ginseng body is loose, without wound, without the piece root of damage by disease and insect;
(3) method of growing seedlings is that after seed ginseng bud head base portion is dipped in to root-growing agent, cuttage is in matrix, and trickle impels stem segment base portion and matrix close contact; After cuttage in 7～10 days, shelter from heat or light and 60%～70% cultivate, and keep water supply in media 80%～90% and air humidity more than 90%, then will shelter from heat or light gradually, water supply in media, air humidity be reduced to 25%～35%, 65%～75%, 60%～70%, after stem section is taken root, adopt urea liquid to drench and fertilely grow up to seedling; Described root-growing agent is the aqueous solution that 2,4-D, IBA, paclobutrazol are mixed with, and wherein the concentration of each component is 2,4-D200mgIBA1000mgL, paclobutrazol 600mgL-1;
(4) when plantation, first on whole good furrow face, laterally open 13 centimetres of bar ditches that left and right is dark, then will plant seedling, by spacing in the rows 5-7 centimetre tiltedly in cultivation ditch, bud head-up, from 6 centimetres, furrow face, bud head position in same level, every mu of sowing quantity 40-60 kilogram.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104380965A (en) * | 2014-11-03 | 2015-03-04 | 贵州省植物园 | Production method for radix pseudostellariae roots |
| CN106962375A (en) * | 2017-03-27 | 2017-07-21 | 贵州大学 | Radix pseudostellariae kind root inorganic agent and its application |
| CN110024675A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2019-07-19 | 福建省农业科学院作物研究所 | A kind of hybrid orchid tiltedly plants the method for inspiring seedling |
-
2013
- 2013-03-05 CN CN201310069543.4A patent/CN104025827A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104380965A (en) * | 2014-11-03 | 2015-03-04 | 贵州省植物园 | Production method for radix pseudostellariae roots |
| CN106962375A (en) * | 2017-03-27 | 2017-07-21 | 贵州大学 | Radix pseudostellariae kind root inorganic agent and its application |
| CN106962375B (en) * | 2017-03-27 | 2019-11-08 | 贵州大学 | Radix pseudostellariae kind root inorganic agent and its application |
| CN110024675A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2019-07-19 | 福建省农业科学院作物研究所 | A kind of hybrid orchid tiltedly plants the method for inspiring seedling |
| CN110024675B (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2021-03-05 | 福建省农业科学院作物研究所 | Method for promoting hybrid orchid to grow seedlings in inclined planting mode |
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Application publication date: 20140910 |