CN103999665B - A kind of method with certain herbaceous plants with big flowers dish cultivation aphidius gifuensis - Google Patents
A kind of method with certain herbaceous plants with big flowers dish cultivation aphidius gifuensis Download PDFInfo
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- CN103999665B CN103999665B CN201410194110.6A CN201410194110A CN103999665B CN 103999665 B CN103999665 B CN 103999665B CN 201410194110 A CN201410194110 A CN 201410194110A CN 103999665 B CN103999665 B CN 103999665B
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- aphid
- certain herbaceous
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Abstract
A kind of method that the present invention relates to certain herbaceous plants with big flowers dish cultivation aphid parasite, belongs to technical field of biological control.The method includes planting certain herbaceous plants with big flowers colza and plants, aphid inoculation reproduction, aphid parasite inoculation reproduction, management in aphid and aphid parasite breeding process, sterilizes, purificates and rejuvenates and large-scale cultivation step.The beneficial effects of the present invention is: 1, the employing certain herbaceous plants with big flowers dish that blade space is big, humidity is little is as the host plant material of aphid parasite host, avoid kind of an aphid, plant honeybee and go mouldy in breeding process infections, flexible to operation when aphid and aphid parasite inoculation, easily manage.2, aphid and the aphid parasite individuality raised out are sturdy, head compared with big, studies of migration of aphids rate is low, aphid and aphid parasite farrowing rate high.Can guarantee that kind of an aphid, the quantity planting honeybee and quality.3, certain herbaceous plants with big flowers dish cultivation aphid parasite, production cost is low, easy and simple to handle, safety and virus-free infection, it is simple to aphid parasite large-scale cultivation and popularization.
Description
Technical field
A kind of method that the present invention relates to certain herbaceous plants with big flowers dish cultivation aphid parasite, belongs to technical field of biological control.
Background technology
Aphid parasite is a kind of parasitic wasp, is the natural enemy of multiple kinds of crops aphid (insect) of causing harm.Application aphid parasite is prevented
Eliminate aphis and can reduce pesticide dosage in a large number, improve the safety of agricultural product.It is widely popularized on Nicotiana tabacum L. at present
Application, the cultivation of aphid parasite first has to plant the host plant of aphid, allows the host plant of aphid grow, then
Inoculating aphid on host plant makes aphid breed.Aphid parasite is inoculated after aphid breeding.Aphid parasite is with aphid for food
Material and ovipositing hosts in aphid body, aphid parasite, by the population of aphid breeding self, reaches to eliminate the mesh of aphid
's.
It is a kind of measure of biotic control that application aphid parasite eliminates aphid method.This method prevention effect is preferable, needs people
For artificial cultivation, make aphid parasite reach a number of population, it is ensured that this population child care in winter sufficient amount
Aphid and aphid parasite particularly important.The host crop of existing breeding aphid generally selects tobacco seedlings or cigarette strain, for a long time
Using a kind of aphid host plant, pathogen accumulates, causes host plant disease resistance to reduce, and increases cost and puts into,
It is unfavorable for the development of aphid and aphid parasite.For ensureing that aphid parasite cultivation is smoothed out, need to seek to be suitable for aphid breeding
Host plant, increase host plant multiformity.Aphid parasite cultivation base, Tengchong County is to aphid parasite host (aphid
Worm) host crop carry out a large amount of screening test research, the most screening study and go out to be suitable for cultivate the posting of aphid parasite
Main host plant certain herbaceous plants with big flowers dish, this host plant has lot of superiority to the conservation of aphid parasite, cultivation, expanding propagation.
This plant science title, certain herbaceous plants with big flowers dish, has another name called Chinese mallow, sliding dish, belongs to Malvaceae, be grown in Plant Taxonomy
In winter, cold-resistant, drought resisting, viral diseases ability are strong.Leaf, stem juice are colloidal, have stronger after aphid parasitism
Freezing tolerance, this plant has stronger anti-virus ability simultaneously, is not susceptible to virosis, is aphid and aphid
The good material that cocoon honeybee survives the winter and breeds.
By literature search, have no that the disclosure identical with the present invention is reported.
Summary of the invention
Present invention aim to overcome that the deficiency of prior art, it is provided that a kind of method with certain herbaceous plants with big flowers dish cultivation aphid parasite.
The present invention method of certain herbaceous plants with big flowers dish cultivation aphid parasite, it specifically comprises the following steps that
1, certain herbaceous plants with big flowers colza is planted
1.1 transplant: with the carrier that basin is plantation certain herbaceous plants with big flowers dish；
1.2 nutritive soil preparation: before transplanting 7 days, by the farm manure of mass ratio 25%, the paddy soils of 70%, 4.5%
Oil cake and compound fertilizer's mix homogeneously of 0.5%, load ornaments specification in basin neat, wherein, in compound fertilizer
N P the mass ratio of K be 8:16:25；
1.3 planting types: in basin live or transplant 2 strain 4 leaf 2 heart certain herbaceous plants with big flowers dish Seedlings, certain herbaceous plants with big flowers dish growth thermophilic be 15～
20 DEG C, plant latter 7 days, mix to water with the water of 99.6% with the compound fertilizer of mass ratio 0.4% and execute, according to weather feelings
Condition is watered in good time；
2, aphid inoculation reproduction
2.1 connect aphid: inoculate aphid when certain herbaceous plants with big flowers dish grows to 6 leaf 2 heart, 6-8 head high-quality aphid selected by every strain certain herbaceous plants with big flowers dish
Carry out inoculation reproduction；
2.2 connect aphid mode: use manually to choose and connect or sheet connects, bar connects, naturally connect；
The 2.3 postvaccinal management of aphid: use aphid parasite cultivation equipment, keep temperature 28 30 DEG C, humidity
45 55%, aphid amount reproduction while allowing certain herbaceous plants with big flowers dish grow；
3, aphid parasite inoculation reproduction
3.1 connect honeybee: have aphid 100 when aphid breeding reaches every leaf, select during 3500, every basin healthy and strong,
Individual bigger stiff aphid or become honeybee to render on the certain herbaceous plants with big flowers dish of aphid as kind of honeybee, allows aphid parasite parasitism aphid；
3.2 connect the honeybee time and connect honeybee quantity: 9 o'clock to 12 o'clock in the morning, and 4 o'clock to 5 o'clock afternoon, at every basin
Throw in aphid parasite in honeybee aphid ratio 1:200 on the certain herbaceous plants with big flowers dish of plantation and become honeybee or stiff aphid；
4, the management in aphid and aphid parasite breeding process
The breeding of aphid and aphid parasite is affected bigger, under suitable damp condition, with temperature by 4.1 temperature
The reproduction speed raising aphid parasite and aphid accelerate；Temperature controls between 10 DEG C-30 DEG C；
4.2 humid control are suitable aphid and the coordinated development of aphid parasite between 45 55%；
4.3 illumination: connect the same day after honeybee, opened once at interval of 30 minutes by sunshade net, opening time is 15-20
Minute, move to new host with nature photostimulation aphid, in operation it is noted that fly net is covered tightly；
4.4 liquid manure: the resistance to fertility of certain herbaceous plants with big flowers dish is strong, fertilizer requirement big, plants latter 7 days, with the compound fertilizer of mass ratio 0.4%
With 99.6% water mix to water and execute, water according to weather condition in good time；
5, sterilization: links will the most conscientiously use lime water disinfectant to aphid parasite cultural technique personnel
Carry out disinfection with foot hands and the inoculating appliance of operator；
6, purification and rejuvenation: select the pure certain herbaceous plants with big flowers vegetable aphid big, healthy and strong of head on certain herbaceous plants with big flowers dish repeatedly at crop in cruciferae
3-5 detoxification on radish cabbage, i.e. obtains detoxification kind aphid and plants honeybee, throws in expanding propagation for large area and provides kind of a source；
7, large-scale cultivation: in the equipment of large-scale cultivation, by above-mentioned steps plantation certain herbaceous plants with big flowers dish, aphid and aphid
Cocoon honeybee inoculation expanding propagation.
The beneficial effects of the present invention is:
1, the employing certain herbaceous plants with big flowers dish that blade space is big, humidity is little is as the host plant material of aphid parasite host, it is to avoid
Kind aphid, plant honeybee and go mouldy in breeding process infections, in aphid and aphid parasite flexible to operation, appearance when inoculating
Manageability.
2, certain herbaceous plants with big flowers dish is raised out aphid and aphid parasite individuality are sturdy, head compared with big, studies of migration of aphids rate is low, aphid
High with aphid parasite farrowing rate.Can guarantee that kind of an aphid, the quantity planting honeybee and quality.
3, certain herbaceous plants with big flowers dish cultivation aphid parasite, production cost is low, easy and simple to handle, safety and virus-free infection, it is simple to aphid cocoon
Honeybee large-scale cultivation and popularization.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is as follows by the concrete grammar step of the method for certain herbaceous plants with big flowers dish cultivation aphid parasite:
1, plantation certain herbaceous plants with big flowers colza is planted
1.1 transplant: with the carrier that basin is plantation certain herbaceous plants with big flowers dish；
1.2 nutritive soil preparation: transplant first 7 days, by the farm manure of mass ratio 25%, the paddy soils of 70%, 4.5%
Oil cake and compound fertilizer's mix homogeneously of 0.5%, it is neat to furnish specification in the Nutrition Soil for preparing is loaded basin,
N in compound fertilizer P the ratio of K be 8:16:25；
1.3 planting types: live or transplanting 2 strain 4 leaf 2 heart certain herbaceous plants with big flowers dish Seedlings in basin, the happiness of certain herbaceous plants with big flowers dish cools moistening
Weather conditions, avoid high temperature, and cold hardiness is strong, and heat hardiness is weak, and growth thermophilic is 15～20 DEG C, and light frost is the most withered,
The resistance to fertility of certain herbaceous plants with big flowers dish is strong, fertilizer requirement big, plants latter 7 days, mixes with the water of the compound fertilizer of mass ratio 0.4% with 99.6%
Conjunction is watered and is executed, and waters according to weather condition in good time.
2, aphid inoculation reproduction
2.1 connect aphid: inoculate aphid when certain herbaceous plants with big flowers dish grows to 6 leaf 2 heart, 6-8 head high-quality aphid selected by every strain certain herbaceous plants with big flowers dish
Carry out inoculation reproduction.
2.2 connect aphid mode: use manually to choose and connect or sheet connects, bar connects, naturally connect.
The 2.3 postvaccinal management of aphid: use aphid parasite cultivation equipment, temperature and humidity regulation to applicable aphid is raw
The scope of long breeding, keeps temperature 28 30 DEG C, humidity 45 55%, and while allowing certain herbaceous plants with big flowers dish grow, aphid is big
Amount breeding.
3, aphid parasite inoculation reproduction
3.1 connect honeybee: have aphid 100 when aphid breeding reaches every leaf, select during 3500, every basin healthy and strong,
Individual bigger stiff aphid or become honeybee to render on the certain herbaceous plants with big flowers dish of aphid as kind of honeybee, allows aphid parasite parasitism aphid.
3.2 connect the honeybee time and connect honeybee quantity: 9 o'clock to 12 o'clock in the morning, and 4 o'clock to 5 o'clock afternoon, at every basin
Throw in aphid parasite in honeybee aphid ratio 1:200 on the certain herbaceous plants with big flowers dish of plantation and become honeybee or stiff aphid.
4, the management in aphid and aphid parasite breeding process
The breeding of aphid and aphid parasite is affected bigger, under suitable damp condition, with temperature by 4.1 temperature
The reproduction speed raising aphid parasite and aphid accelerate；When temperature is more than 30 DEG C, with the rising breeding potential of temperature
And decline, during less than 10 DEG C, aphid parasite and aphid breeding potential are relatively low, enter resting state.Temperature controls at 10 DEG C
Between-30 DEG C.
4.2 humidity: humidity is ratio conveniently aphid and the coordinated development of aphid parasite when 45 55%, when humidity surpasses
Crossing 70%, aphid will fall ill, the most difficult breeding of aphid parasite；Humidity is less than 40%, and aphid breeding is very fast, but aphid
Cocoon honeybee spawning rate is relatively low, the development ratio imbalance of honeybee and aphid.
4.3 illumination: aphid and aphid parasite are more sensitive to illumination reflection, aphid parasite Comparison of Gardening Activities when illumination is more weak
Frequently；In contrast, the time period that illumination is strong at noon is most frequent for aphid.Connect the same day after honeybee, at interval of 30
Minute sunshade net is opened once, again by sunshade net lid after opening 15-20 minute, with nature photostimulation aphid
Move to new host, in operation it is noted that fly net is covered tightly.
4.4 liquid manure: the resistance to fertility of certain herbaceous plants with big flowers dish is strong, fertilizer requirement big, plants latter 7 days, with the compound fertilizer of mass ratio 0.4%
With 99.6% water mix to water and execute, water according to weather condition in good time.
5, sterilization: links will the most conscientiously use disinfectant (lime water) to aphid parasite cultural technique
The foot hands of personnel and operator and inoculating appliance carry out disinfection.
6, purification and rejuvenation: select the pure certain herbaceous plants with big flowers vegetable aphid big, healthy and strong of head on certain herbaceous plants with big flowers dish repeatedly at crop in cruciferae
Detoxification 3-5 time on radish cabbage, can obtain detoxification kind aphid and plant honeybee, throws in expanding propagation for large area and provides kind of a source.
7, large-scale cultivation: in the equipment of large-scale cultivation, by above-mentioned steps plantation certain herbaceous plants with big flowers dish, aphid and aphid
Cocoon honeybee inoculation expanding propagation.
Inventor implements the method with certain herbaceous plants with big flowers dish cultivation aphid parasite in Tengchong County, Baoshan, Yunnan city, obtains good effect
Really.
Claims (1)
1. the method with certain herbaceous plants with big flowers dish cultivation aphid parasite, it is characterised in that specifically comprising the following steps that of the method
(1), certain herbaceous plants with big flowers colza is planted
A. transplant: with the carrier that basin is plantation certain herbaceous plants with big flowers dish；
B. nutritive soil preparation: before transplanting 7 days, by the farm manure of mass ratio 25%, the paddy soils of 70%, 4.5%
Oil cake and compound fertilizer's mix homogeneously of 0.5%, load ornaments specification in basin neat, wherein, in compound fertilizer
N P the mass ratio of K be 8:16:25；
C. planting type: in basin live or transplant 2 strain 4 leaf 2 heart certain herbaceous plants with big flowers dish Seedlings, certain herbaceous plants with big flowers dish growth thermophilic be 15～
20 DEG C, plant latter 7 days, mix to water with the water of 99.6% with the compound fertilizer of mass ratio 0.4% and execute, according to weather feelings
Condition is watered in good time；
(2), aphid inoculation reproduction
A. connecing aphid: inoculate aphid when certain herbaceous plants with big flowers dish grows to 6 leaf 2 heart, 6-8 head high-quality aphid selected by every strain certain herbaceous plants with big flowers dish
Carry out inoculation reproduction；
B. aphid mode is connect: use manually to choose and connect or sheet connects, bar connects, naturally connect；
C. the postvaccinal management of aphid: use aphid parasite cultivation equipment, keeps temperature 28 30 DEG C, humidity 45
55%, aphid amount reproduction while allowing certain herbaceous plants with big flowers dish grow；
(3), aphid parasite inoculation reproduction
A. honeybee is connect: have aphid 100 when aphid breeding reaches every leaf, select healthy and strong, individual during 3500, every basin
Stiff aphid that body is bigger or become honeybee to render on the certain herbaceous plants with big flowers dish of aphid as kind of honeybee, allows aphid parasite parasitism aphid；
B. connecing the honeybee time and connect honeybee quantity: 9 o'clock to 12 o'clock in the morning, 4 o'clock to 5 o'clock afternoon, in every basin kind
Throw in aphid parasite in honeybee aphid ratio 1:200 on the certain herbaceous plants with big flowers dish planted and become honeybee or stiff aphid；
(4), the management in aphid and aphid parasite breeding process
A. the breeding of aphid and aphid parasite is affected bigger, under suitable damp condition, with temperature by temperature
The reproduction speed raising aphid parasite and aphid is accelerated；Temperature controls between 10 DEG C-30 DEG C；
B. humid control suitable aphid and coordinated development of aphid parasite between 45 55%；
C. illumination: connect the same day after honeybee, opened once at interval of 30 minutes by sunshade net, opening time is 15-20
Minute, move to new host with nature photostimulation aphid, in operation it is noted that fly net is covered tightly；
D. liquid manure: the resistance to fertility of certain herbaceous plants with big flowers dish is strong, fertilizer requirement is big, plants latter 7 days, with the compound fertilizer of mass ratio 0.4% with
The water mixing of 99.6% is watered and is executed, and waters according to weather condition in good time；
(5), sterilization: links will the most conscientiously use lime water disinfectant to aphid parasite cultural technique people
Member and the foot hands of operator and inoculating appliance carry out disinfection；
(6), purification and rejuvenation: select the pure certain herbaceous plants with big flowers vegetable aphid big, healthy and strong of head on certain herbaceous plants with big flowers dish repeatedly to make at Cruciferae
Detoxification 3-5 time on thing radish cabbage, i.e. obtains detoxification kind aphid and plants honeybee, throws in expanding propagation for large area and provides kind of a source；
(7), large-scale cultivation: in the equipment of large-scale cultivation, by above-mentioned steps plantation certain herbaceous plants with big flowers dish, aphid and
Aphid parasite inoculation expanding propagation.
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| CN105475232B (en) * | 2014-10-13 | 2020-03-24 | 郑州正合化学制品有限公司 | Method for large-scale feeding and aphid control of aphidiidae |
| CN104472284B (en) * | 2014-12-10 | 2017-01-04 | 黔西南州烟草公司兴义市分公司 | In Nicotiana tabacum L., interplant vegetable breed the method that aphidius gifuensis is prevented eliminating aphis |
| CN104756955B (en) * | 2015-03-11 | 2017-03-08 | 中国烟草总公司四川省公司 | Aphidius gifuensis are with numerous method together with Encarsia formosa |
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| CN104957081A (en) * | 2015-05-26 | 2015-10-07 | 三江县连兴蛇业有限公司 | Construction method of king rat snake ecological park |
| CN105165733A (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2015-12-23 | 黔南州烟草公司瓮安县分公司 | Overwintering breeding method for aphidius gifuensis population |
| CN106171681A (en) * | 2016-07-26 | 2016-12-07 | 柳州创宇科技有限公司 | A kind of measure of biotic control eliminating aphid |
| CN106234312B (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2019-02-26 | 云南省烟草公司昆明市公司 | A kind of save space, low cost, the aphidius gifuensis of economical and efficient for kind of a method |
| CN106386705B (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2019-03-05 | 云南省烟草公司保山市公司 | It tames aphidius gifuensis and prevents and treats rape aphid method |
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