CN112136616A

CN112136616A - Tomato planting method

Info

Publication number: CN112136616A
Application number: CN202011094492.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 匡云峰
Original assignee: Hengyang Kangyuan Ecological Agriculture Co ltd
Current assignee: Hengyang Kangyuan Ecological Agriculture Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-10-14
Filing date: 2020-10-14
Publication date: 2020-12-29

Abstract

A tomato planting method comprises the following steps: firstly, building a planting shed, and improving soil quality of soil in the planting shed to make the soil loose and fertile; step two, sowing and seedling raising, namely cleaning and disinfecting purchased high-quality seeds, then planting the seeds into a nutrient substrate, keeping stable temperature and humidity in the period, and then cultivating the seeds for about 20 days after the seeds germinate; thirdly, preferentially transferring the seedlings generated in the previous step into soil in a planting shed, keeping the plants in regular arrangement and keeping the plant spacing between 40cm and 60 cm; fourthly, daily management; performing daily fertilization, watering, pest control and plant type control at the stage; fifthly, when the tomato fruits are naturally red and thoroughly, manually picking.

Description

Tomato planting method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of vegetable planting, in particular to a tomato planting method.

Background

The tomato is named as tomato and Diospyros kaki, is one of the main vegetables in China, contains rich organic acid, vitamin, lycopene and mineral elements, can improve immunity and promote gastrointestinal function, and has various health care functions of clearing heat and detoxicating, protecting eyesight, beautifying and protecting skin, losing weight and slimming, protecting heart and cerebral vessels, delaying aging, resisting cancer and inhibiting cancer and the like. The tomato is a perennial herb, the height of the plant is 0.7-2 m, and the whole plant is clayey glandular hair; the stem is semi-erect or semi-vine, is easy to fall down, is 0.7-1.0 m or 1.0-1.3 m high, has strong branching capability, is easy to grow adventitious roots on stem nodes, is easy to fall down, and takes root when touching the ground, so the cutting propagation is easy to survive. The tomato cultivation method is used for 1-year-old cultivation in a region with frost, the growth and development process of the tomato cultivation method has certain stage and periodicity, the period can be roughly divided into 4 different periods of a germination period, a seedling period, a flowering period and a fruiting period, sufficient nutrition and proper temperature and humidity are guaranteed in each period, and the requirements of the fertilizer amount and temperature in each period are different, for example, the requirements of tomatoes on nitrogen fertilizer in the early stage, potassium fertilizer in the later stage and phosphate fertilizer are met throughout the growth period. Therefore, certain theoretical and practical experience needs to be held to ensure the yield and quality of tomato planting, and particularly, when large-scale planting is carried out, serious consequences of yield reduction of tomatoes can be caused by slight carelessness. The invention aims to provide a tomato planting method, which is simple in process and convenient to operate and can ensure the yield and quality of tomatoes during planting.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide the tomato planting method which is simple in process, convenient to operate and capable of ensuring the yield and quality of tomatoes.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a tomato planting method comprises the following steps:

firstly, building a planting shed, and improving soil quality of soil in the planting shed to make the soil loose and fertile;

step two, sowing and seedling raising, namely cleaning and disinfecting purchased high-quality seeds, then planting the seeds into a nutrient substrate, keeping stable temperature and humidity in the period, and then cultivating the seeds for about 20 days after the seeds germinate;

thirdly, preferentially transferring the seedlings generated in the previous step into soil in a planting shed, keeping the plants in regular arrangement and keeping the plant spacing between 40cm and 60 cm;

fourthly, daily management; performing daily fertilization, watering, pest control and plant type control at the stage;

fifthly, when the tomato fruits are naturally red and thoroughly, manually picking.

Furthermore, the planting shed is built in a place where the land is flat, wide, sunlight and sufficient in water source and is convenient to drain and irrigate, the size of the planting shed is adjusted according to the planting scale, a covering layer is arranged on the planting shed, and whether the covering layer is unfolded or not is selected according to the weather condition and the seedling growing process. The covering layer is made of film, sunshade net, insect-proof net, etc.

Further, disinfect and fertilize the processing to the soil in planting the canopy, use rotary tillage equipment cooperation soil disinfectant to realize during the disinfection, adopt rotary tillage equipment to come not hard up and smash the soil of darker, make things convenient for soil disinfectant to dip into darker soil, make soil disinfectant and soil mix more evenly, make soil more loose simultaneously, also be favorable to applying basic fertilizer.

Furthermore, the sowing time of the tomato seeds is 11 middle-year-old each year, whether the germination accelerating treatment is carried out or not is determined according to the weather condition, and if the temperature is low in the current year, the germination accelerating treatment is required.

Further, during germination accelerating, the seeds are wrapped by the warm and moist paper or gauze and then placed on an electric blanket, then a quilt is covered, preferably, the seeds can also be wrapped by the warm and moist paper or gauze and then placed in a temperature-adjustable oven, a basin of water is placed in the oven, and the temperature of the oven is controlled so as to ensure the temperature and the humidity in the oven.

Furthermore, the temperature is kept within the range of 25-35 ℃ during pregermination, and the humidity is kept within the range of 70-85%.

Further, the nutrient medium is prepared by mixing 4-6 parts of attapulgite, 10-14 parts of pine needle soil, 8-10 parts of dry bean dregs, 7-9 parts of crop straw powder, 2-4 parts of calamine powder, 7-9 parts of wheat bran, 6-8 parts of fermentation residues, 4-6 parts of humus, 3-6 parts of microorganisms and a proper amount of water after stirring.

Further, the microorganisms include photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, and yeast.

Furthermore, in the daily management stage, the temperature in the planting shed is controlled to be 23-27 ℃, the soil temperature is controlled to be 21-25 ℃, and the air humidity is controlled to be 40-50%, when the tomato fruits grow to the size of eggs, the application force of the compound fertilizer is increased, and the growth of the fruits is promoted.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the tomato planting method provided by the invention, seeds are disinfected, and meanwhile, soil is reasonably disinfected and fertilized, so that the disease and insect pest incidence rate of plants in the growth process is greatly reduced, the incidence rate is reduced, and the yield and the quality of tomatoes are ensured; and the whole process is simple and the operation is convenient.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described in detail with reference to specific examples, wherein details of steps not specifically described in the present example are prior art.

Examples

The embodiment is a tomato planting method, which comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the steps of firstly, building a planting shed, building the planting shed in a place where the land is flat, wide, sunlight and sufficient in water source and is convenient to drain and irrigate, adjusting the size of the planting shed according to the planting scale, arranging a covering layer on the planting shed, and selecting whether to expand the covering layer according to the weather condition and the seedling growing process. The covering layer is made of film, sunshade net, insect-proof net, etc. The soil quality of the soil in the planting shed is improved, so that the soil is loose and fertile; it is specific, need disinfect and fertilize the processing to the soil in planting the canopy, use rotary tillage equipment cooperation soil disinfectant to realize during the disinfection, adopt rotary tillage equipment to come not hard up and smash the soil of deeper layer, make things convenient for soil disinfectant to dip deeper soil, make soil disinfectant and soil mix more evenly, make soil more loose simultaneously, also be favorable to applying base fertilizer, base fertilizer mainly is bio-fertilizer, for example the excrement and urine of chicken, duck etc..

And secondly, sowing and raising seedlings in 11-month middle ten days, cleaning purchased high-quality seeds, disinfecting by using a disinfectant, determining whether to perform germination acceleration treatment according to the weather condition of the year before the seeds are planted in a nutrient substrate, and performing germination acceleration treatment if the temperature of the year is low. During germination accelerating, the seeds can be wrapped by warm and moist paper or gauze and then placed on an electric blanket, and then a quilt is covered; in other embodiments, the seeds can also be placed in an oven with adjustable temperature, and a basin of water is placed in the oven, so that the temperature of the oven can be controlled while the proper humidity in the oven can be ensured; the temperature is kept within the range of 25-35 ℃ during pregermination, and the humidity is kept within the range of 70-85%; the seeds are planted in the nutrient substrate, the temperature and the humidity are kept stable during the period, the temperature is about 25 ℃, the humidity is about 40 percent, and the seeds are cultured for 20 days after germination.

The nutrient medium is prepared by mixing 6 parts of attapulgite, 12 parts of pine needle soil, 10 parts of dried bean dregs, 8 parts of crop straw powder, 3 parts of calamine powder, 8 parts of wheat bran, 6 parts of fermentation residue, 6 parts of humus, 5 parts of microorganisms and a proper amount of water by weight after stirring, wherein the microorganisms comprise photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, saccharomycetes and the like.

And thirdly, preferentially transferring the seedlings generated in the previous step into soil in a planting shed, keeping the plants in regular arrangement and keeping the distance between the plants to be 40 cm.

Fourthly, daily management; performing daily fertilization, watering, pest control and plant type control at the stage; and controlling the temperature in the planting shed to be 23-27 ℃, the soil temperature to be 21-25 ℃ and the air humidity to be 40-50%, and increasing the application force of the compound fertilizer to promote the growth of the tomato when the tomato grows to the size of eggs.

It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, but may be implemented by various combinations and modifications of the above technical features, and those skilled in the art can modify, substitute, and use the structure or method of the present invention in other fields without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tomato planting method is characterized by comprising the following steps: firstly, building a planting shed, and improving soil quality of soil in the planting shed to make the soil loose and fertile; step two, sowing and seedling raising, namely cleaning and disinfecting purchased high-quality seeds, then planting the seeds into a nutrient substrate, keeping stable temperature and humidity in the period, and then cultivating the seeds for about 20 days after the seeds germinate; thirdly, preferentially transferring the seedlings generated in the previous step into soil in a planting shed, keeping the plants in regular arrangement and keeping the plant spacing between 40cm and 60 cm; fourthly, daily management; performing daily fertilization, watering, pest control and plant type control at the stage; fifthly, picking; when the tomato fruit is naturally red, the tomato fruit is picked manually.

2. The tomato planting method according to claim 1, wherein: in the first step, the planting shed is built in a place where the land is flat and wide, sunlight and water sources are sufficient, and irrigation and drainage are convenient, the size of the planting shed is adjusted according to the planting scale, a covering layer is arranged on the planting shed, whether the covering layer is unfolded or not is selected according to the weather condition and the seedling growing process, and the covering layer is mainly made of a film, a sunshade net, an insect-proof net and the like.

3. The tomato planting method according to claim 2, characterized in that: the soil to planting in the canopy disinfects and fertilizes the processing in the first step, uses rotary tillage equipment cooperation soil disinfectant to realize during the disinfection, adopts rotary tillage equipment to come not hard up and smash the soil of darker, makes things convenient for soil disinfectant to dip into darker soil, makes soil disinfectant and soil mix more evenly, makes soil more loose simultaneously, also is favorable to applying the base fertilizer.

4. A tomato planting method as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: and in the second step, the sowing time of the tomato seeds is 11 middle-year-old each year, whether the germination accelerating treatment is carried out is determined according to the weather condition, and if the temperature is lower in the current year, the germination accelerating treatment is required.

5. The tomato planting method as claimed in claim 4, wherein: during germination accelerating, the seeds are wrapped by warm and moist paper or gauze and then placed on an electric blanket, and then a quilt is covered.

6. The tomato planting method as claimed in claim 4, wherein: during germination accelerating, the seeds are wrapped by warm and moist paper or gauze and then placed in an oven with adjustable temperature, a pot of water is placed in the oven, and the temperature of the oven is controlled so as to ensure the temperature and the humidity in the oven.

7. A tomato planting method as claimed in any one of claims 5-6, characterized in that: the temperature is kept within the range of 25-35 ℃ during pregermination, and the humidity is kept within the range of 70-85%.

8. The tomato planting method according to claim 1, wherein: the nutrient medium in the second step is prepared by stirring and mixing 4-6 parts of attapulgite, 10-14 parts of pine needle soil, 8-10 parts of dry bean dregs, 7-9 parts of crop straw powder, 2-4 parts of calamine powder, 7-9 parts of wheat bran, 6-8 parts of fermentation residues, 4-6 parts of humus, 3-6 parts of microorganisms and a proper amount of water by weight.

9. The tomato planting method as claimed in claim 8, wherein: the microorganism includes photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria and yeast.

10. The tomato planting method according to claim 1, wherein: and in the fourth step, controlling the temperature in the planting shed to be 23-27 ℃, the soil temperature to be 21-25 ℃ and the air humidity to be 40-50%, and increasing the application force of the compound fertilizer when the tomato fruits grow to the size of eggs.