CN103988698A - No-tillage aphid-preventing and disease-preventing efficient cultivation method for flue-cured tobacco - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a no-tillage aphid-preventing and disease-preventing efficient cultivation method for flue-cured tobacco, and belongs to the field of agriculture cultivation. According to the method, the labor amount can be reduced for tobacco growers, the labor cost can be lowered, the number of aphids flying to tobacco plants during the migratory flight peak season of the aphids can be reduced, the harm of spreading viral diseases by the aphids can be relieved, the yield of the tobacco can be increased, and the quality of the tobacco can be improved. According to the technological means, wheat is planted in a field in October of the first year according to a conventional method; tobacco seedlings are planted between the wheat lines in April of the next year, the row spacing is 50 cm, the line spacing is 1 m, and the depth of a hole for planting the tobacco seedlings is 5-8 cm; the wheat is harvested in June, the wheat stubble is 0.2-0.3 m high and is removed in 25-30 days after the wheat is harvested, fertilization and hilling are carried out on the tobacco plants, and then the field management stage of the flue-cured tobacco begins; after the flue-cured tobacco is harvested in September, the soil is ploughed for planting the wheat.

Description

The no-tillage anti-aphid diseases prevention efficient cultivation method of a kind of flue-cured tobacco

Technical field

The invention belongs to agricultural planting field, be specifically related to the no-tillage anti-aphid diseases prevention efficient cultivation method of a kind of flue-cured tobacco.

Background technology

The Yellow River and Huai He River cigarette district major part is taked ridge culture, the main process of prior art flue-cured tobacco ridge culture is: the key steps such as cigarette ground, ridging, fertilising, transplanting, field management, results of growing seedlings, turn over, owing to being all artificial work, tobacco planting step is many, the amount of labour is large, has improved greatly the human cost of tobacco planting.

The Yellow River and Huai He River cigarette district generally takes flue-cured tobacco nonoculture, and the cropping index of crop is lower; Annual 5-6 month is the peak period of flue-cured tobacco studies of migration of aphids, expansion, the virus disease propagation of working the mischief of migrating of aphid.Nonoculture flue-cured tobacco needs only indivedual cigarette strains and infects virus disease, will soon have influence on full wafer vega by aphis propagation virus disease.

Summary of the invention

The object of the invention is to solve the aforementioned problems in the prior, the no-tillage insect protected preventing disease cultivation of a kind of flue-cured tobacco method is provided, had both improved the cropping index in soil, from 2 years one, ripe to become 2 years two ripe, improve the output in land area of one unit, increased farmers' income.The amount of labour that can reduce again tobacco grower, has reduced human cost, can also reduce the Aphed population migrating in cigarette strain in studies of migration of aphids peak period simultaneously, alleviates the harm of aphid biography virus disease, finally can also increase output and the quality of tobacco leaf.

In order to achieve the above object, the technological means adopting is in the present invention:

1) First Year is planted wheat October according to a conventional method in field;

2) Second Year is planted cigarette seedling in the ranks at wheat April, spacing in the rows 50cm, 1 meter of line-spacing, the dark 5-8 centimetre of tobacco growth cave;

3) June getting wheat, wheat wheat stubble height is 0.2-0.3 rice.Results wheat is after 25-30 days, and the arrish that goes out, gives cigarette strain fertilising ridging, enters the flue-cured tobacco field management stage;

?4) gathered in the crops the plantation wheat of ploughing after flue-cured tobacco September.

Said method is applicable to the Yellow River and Huai He River cigarette district of China.

Compared with prior art, the present invention has following characteristics and effect: 1) annual 5-6 month is the peak period of flue-cured tobacco studies of migration of aphids, and the flue-cured tobacco height of the at this moment aspect ratio of wheat stubble plantation is high, has effectively stopped migrating and viral propagation of aphid; 2) reduced the arable land of turning over before tobacco planting, ridging and transplant after control of aphids step, saved productive manpower cost; 3) plantation wheat can increase peasant's income, has also reached the utilization of vega soil and has maximized; 4) the present invention is in cigarette transplantation of seedlings process, and cigarette shoot root portion transplants deeply, well developed root system in later process of growth, and adventive root is many, and cigarette strain lodging tolerance is stronger, and it is more abundant that cigarette strain absorbs nutrition, improved output and the quality of tobacco leaf.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described:

Planting site is selected experimental field, the Yellow River and Huai He River cigarette district, and points two parts, 800 square metres of every part of experimental field, flue-cured tobacco is selected local main breed, and as cloud and mist 85, wheat is selected high-quality strong gluten wheat breed, as ligusticumic wheat 8901.

Process 1: by the method for the invention plantation flue-cured tobacco, step is as follows

1) First Year is planted wheat October according to a conventional method in field;

2) Second Year is planted cigarette seedling in the ranks at wheat April, spacing in the rows 50cm, 1 meter of line-spacing, the dark 5-8 centimetre of tobacco growth cave;

3) June getting wheat, wheat wheat stubble height is 0.2-0.3 rice.Results wheat is after 25-30 days, and the arrish that goes out, gives cigarette strain fertilising ridging, enters the flue-cured tobacco field management stage;

4) gathered in the crops the plantation wheat of ploughing after flue-cured tobacco September.

Process 2: by existing implantation methods plantation flue-cured tobacco

The economical character of 90d different disposal is as shown in the table:

From the above, plant height processes 1 all than processing 2 better effects if with stem girth aspect, and processing 1 and processing 2 maximum leaf length and widths and effective blade number etc. are without marked difference.

 

Different disposal economic characters are as shown in the table:

From the above, output, the output value and average price be all to process 1 as best, is respectively 119.72kg/ mu, 1861.12 yuan/mu and 15.55 yuan/kg, is significantly higher than and processes 2.

Claims (2)

1. the no-tillage anti-aphid diseases prevention efficient cultivation method of flue-cured tobacco, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:

1) First Year is planted wheat October according to a conventional method in field;

2) Second Year is planted cigarette seedling in the ranks at wheat April, spacing in the rows 50cm, 1 meter of line-spacing, the dark 5-8 centimetre of tobacco growth cave;

3) June getting wheat, wheat wheat stubble height is 0.2-0.3 rice, results wheat after 25-30 days, the arrish that goes out, gives cigarette strain fertilising ridging, enters the flue-cured tobacco field management stage;

4) gathered in the crops the plantation wheat of ploughing after flue-cured tobacco September.

2. the no-tillage insect protected preventing disease cultivation of flue-cured tobacco as claimed in claim 1 method, is characterized in that: described cultivation method is applicable to the Yellow River and Huai He River cigarette district of China.