CN103931686B - A kind of botanical pesticide and its preparation method and application - Google Patents
A kind of botanical pesticide and its preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN103931686B CN103931686B CN201410139600.6A CN201410139600A CN103931686B CN 103931686 B CN103931686 B CN 103931686B CN 201410139600 A CN201410139600 A CN 201410139600A CN 103931686 B CN103931686 B CN 103931686B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of botanical pesticide and its preparation method and application, botanical pesticide of the present invention mainly comprises common pratia fruit, rhizoma zingiberis, dry green pepper, rheum officinale, peppermint, garlic and camphor.Pesticide with Chinese medicinal material of the present invention is synthesized by natural plants, not containing any toxic chemical composition, after sprinkling, plant, fruit tree, vegetables do not have residual toxin, harmless to people, ambient water resource, the chemical pesticide of alternative existing use is a kind of novel nuisanceless, environment-friendly insecticide; And preparation method is simple, effective, can be used for the damage by disease and insect preventing and treating various crops, especially have good control efficiency to the insect pest of Homoptera Phytophthira, aleyrodid class.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of agricultural chemicals, specifically, relate to a kind of botanical pesticide and its preparation method and application.
Background technology
Due to China at present agricultural and forestry pest control process in use chemical insecticide in a large number, toxic and side effect is large, jeopardize the life security of humans and animals, cause the severe contamination at soil and water source simultaneously, environmental pollution is serious, and a large amount of chemical insecticide that uses brings serious consequence, production cost is high, and effective drug duration is short.And the production method of these chemical pesticides is complicated, there is serious environmental pollution in process of production, the physical and mental health of harm producers, after using these insecticides, long in the surface detention time of grain, vegetables, melon and fruit, herbage etc., be difficult to decompose, bring serious harm to people and animals, even threat to life.In the process of spraying insecticide, operator also often has poisoning phenomenon, and Long-Time Service can produce serious pesticide resistance, for ensureing insecticidal effect, must increase Pesticide use dosage, residue of pesticide are serious, thus make the residue of pesticide of grain, vegetables, melon and fruit, herbage etc. directly endanger human and livestock health, because poison by food, the accident of the people and animals' death caused happens occasionally, simultaneously the long-term edible generation even canceration that can cause the various disease of eater.Therefore, all having in countries in the world, even some residue of pesticide of permission use are serious in restriction use, the insecticide that toxicity is larger.
Enhancing along with people's environmental consciousness and the needs to food security, the whole society's especially agriculture, woods, the animal husbandry producer are badly in need of efficiently, low toxicity, eco-friendly insecticide.Wherein, Pesticide with Chinese medicinal material is one very important in present stage non-poisonous pesticides, to the research of Farm chemical of Chinese berbs be in the exploratory stage as Chinese patent application 00121313.X discloses a kind of Pullution-free insecticide prepared from Chinese herbacteous plant, its preparation technology is simple, to various insect, particularly there are good suppression and killing action to green vegetables worm, cotton ridge worm, aphid, two spotted spider mite; Take crust as the Chinese medicine composite biological pesticide of primary raw material as Chinese patent 200610044147.6 discloses a kind of.But the Pesticide with Chinese medicinal material of real wide spectrum, practicality is also fewer at present.
Based on the demand, the invention provides a kind of efficient, nontoxic, botanical pesticide of environmental protection and its preparation method and application.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of botanical pesticide.This botanical pesticide is synthesized by natural plants, not containing any toxic chemical composition, and environmental protection, efficiently, nontoxic, after sprinkling, plant, fruit tree, vegetables do not have residual toxin, can be widely used in the production of agriculture forest and husbandry, are particularly suitable for killing Homoptera Phytophthira, aleyrodid class pest.
The present invention also provides the preparation method of above-mentioned botanical pesticide;
Another object of invention is to provide the application of above-mentioned botanical pesticide.
Botanical pesticide of the present invention, is mainly made up of the Chinese medicine of following parts by weight: common pratia fruit: 0.5-2 part; Rhizoma zingiberis: 1-4 part, dry green pepper: 0.5-2 part; Rheum officinale: 1-3 part; Peppermint: 0.1-1 part; Garlic: 0.1-1 part; Camphor: 0.1-0.5 part.
Wherein, common pratia fruit slightly warm in nature, puckery is nontoxic.Bitter, pungent, property is put down, and is generally for dispeling the wind as Chinese medicine; Dampness removing; Regulate the flow of vital energy; The loose stasis of blood.
Rhizoma zingiberis is the dry product of ginger.Rhizoma zingiberis is pungent, heat, nontoxic.Generally as Chinese medicine be in temperature by cold, Hui Yang promotes blood circulation.Control trusted subordinate's crymodynia, vomit and diarrhoea, the cold weak pulse of limb, breath with cough for cold time, wind-cold-dampness arthralgia etc.
Dry green pepper is dry red pepper, and nature and flavor are pungent, and heat, its capsaicine contained has anti-inflammatory and antioxidation.
Rheum officinale nature and flavor are bitter, cold.Return spleen, stomach, large intestine, liver, pericardium channel.Primary efficacy be attack stagnant; Clearing away damp-heat; Purging intense heat; Cool blood; To dispel the stasis of blood; Removing toxic substances.
Peppermint is pungent, cool.Enter lung channel, Liver Channel.Have antiviral, ease pain antipruritic, sterilization, cholagogic and anti-irritant, antitussive action.
Garlic is the bulb of liliaceous plant garlic, and nature and flavor temperature is pungent, sweet.Be included into spleen, stomach, lung channel, stomach invigorating in temperature, helps digestion and regulates the flow of vital energy.Can be used for the desinsection that detoxifies, swelling and pain relieving, antidiarrheal stops dysentery, and warm spleen warms up stomach etc.
Camphor be the dry branches and leaves of root of canella camphor tree through refining the crystalline particulate made of goods, crystallization is white crystalline powder or water white lump, can be sensible, desinsection, pain relieving and keep away dirty.
Under suitable dosage, above-mentioned traditional Chinese medicinal components all belongs to the Chinese medicine harmless to human non-toxic, inventor finds, by said components compatibility, various drug synergism, the Chinese medicinal formulae made can use as insecticide, especially has particularly preferred killing effect to Homoptera Phytophthira, aleyrodid class pest.
Preferably, described botanical pesticide is made up of the Chinese medicine of following parts by weight: common pratia fruit: 0.5-1.5 part; Rhizoma zingiberis: 1.5-2.5 part, dry green pepper: 0.5-1.5 part; Rheum officinale: 1-2 part; Peppermint: 0.2-0.5 part; Garlic: 0.2-0.5 part; Camphor: 0.1-0.2 part.
Preferred, described botanical pesticide, is made up of the Chinese medicine of following parts by weight: common pratia fruit: 1 part; Rhizoma zingiberis: 2 parts, dry green pepper: 1 part; Rheum officinale: 1.5 parts; Peppermint: 0.25 part; Garlic: 0.25 part; Camphor: 0.125 part.
For strengthening insecticidal effect, botanical pesticide of the present invention also comprises ethanol.
Described ethanol is high concentration ethanol, can be the ethanol that mass percent is 70-95%; The ethanol on the one hand alcohol melt into that can extract in each traditional Chinese medicinal components divides; On the other hand by killing the various bacteriums in Pesticide with Chinese medicinal material, improving the shelf-life, protecting the stability of each component; And itself also there is insecticidal action and synergistic effect (improving the effect of insecticide), alcohol in high concentration can make the protein denaturation of insects body surface, can also destroy the body structure of insect, thus kill them.
The addition of described ethanol can soak or flood medicinal material and be as the criterion, and preferably, the addition of described ethanol is 1.1-2 times of traditional Chinese medicinal components gross weight; More preferably 1.1-1.5 doubly.
Botanical pesticide of the present invention can adopt various formulation, as pulvis, and suspension, wetting agent, granule, fumicants, aqueous solvent etc.
As prepared pulvis, various traditional Chinese medicinal components can be pulverized and mixed, add ethanol wet.
As prepared fumicants, after various traditional Chinese medicinal components can being pulverized, be configured to powder with oxidant and combustion adjuvant.
As prepared aqueous solvent, by each traditional Chinese medicinal components water extraction except camphor, then can camphorate, mix; Or add ethanol further, mix.
Above-mentioned various formulation has himself characteristics and advantages, can select according to different situations.
According to its formulation and for the kind of insect, botanical pesticide of the present invention can adopt the conventional method in this area to use, as aqueous solvent can dilute 200-800 doubly, 4-10 kilogram of botanical pesticide solution of the present invention is used according to the size of plant and unit are every mu, according to the order of severity of insect pest, every 2-5 days uses once, can continuous administration 2-5 time.
Especially, the invention provides a kind of preparation method of described botanical pesticide aqueous solvent.
Preparation method of the present invention is simple, mainly comprises the following steps:
1) water extraction: common pratia fruit, rhizoma zingiberis, dry green pepper, rheum officinale, peppermint and garlic are put into container, decocts;
2) etc. decoct complete, filter to get filtrate, then camphorate, mix.
Method of the present invention, in step 2) after, also comprise step 3) cooling, add ethanol.
Described decoction can adopt conventional Chinese medicine decocting method, as divided 2-3 time, and each decoction 5-30 minute; Preferred following decoction method: adding weight is above-mentioned Chinese medicine weight 7-10 water doubly, soaks 2-30h, then decocts 2-5h;
The preferred 24h of described soak time; The preferred 5h of described decocting time.
Above-mentioned aqueous solvent can be used according to the application process that this area is conventional, as can according to the size of plant and plant spacing, the order of severity of damage by disease and insect, aqueous solvent is diluted 20-800 doubly, every mu sprays 10-50 kilogram; Spray number of times and can be 1-3 time weekly; Can spray 2-8 time continuously.
The preferred 20-50 of described extension rate doubly; More preferably 40 times.
Botanical pesticide of the present invention can adopt the store method of this area aqueous solvent to preserve, but due to wherein containing ethanol, for preventing ethanol from volatilizing, preferably long-term preservation method is preserved at low temperatures it, as about 10 DEG C preservations.
Botanical pesticide of the present invention can be used for the damage by disease and insect preventing and treating various crops, especially has good control efficiency to the insect pest of Homoptera Phytophthira, aleyrodid class.
Pesticide with Chinese medicinal material of the present invention is synthesized by natural plants, not containing any toxic chemical composition, after sprinkling, plant, fruit tree, vegetables do not have residual toxin, harmless to people, ambient water resource, the chemical pesticide of alternative existing use is a kind of novel nuisanceless, environment-friendly insecticide; And preparation method is simple, effective, especially there is good control efficiency to the insect pest of Homoptera Phytophthira, aleyrodid class.
Embodiment
Following examples only for illustration of the present invention, but are not used for limiting invention scope of the present invention.The technician in this field can make some nonessential improvement and adjustment according to the content of foregoing invention to the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Raw material is taken: common pratia fruit 200g, rhizoma zingiberis 400g, dry green pepper 200g, rheum officinale 300g, peppermint 50g, garlic 50g by following formula.Add water 10L, soaks 24 hours, heat 5 hours.Filter to get filtrate, before then taking the dish out of the pot, add camphor 50g.Add alcohol 2L after cooling, mix.
Embodiment 2
Raw material is taken: common pratia fruit 50g, rhizoma zingiberis 250g, dry green pepper 150g, rheum officinale 200g, peppermint 20g, garlic 20g by following formula.Add water 5L, soaks 30 hours, heat 4 hours.Filter to get filtrate, before then taking the dish out of the pot, add camphor 10g.Add alcohol 1L after cooling, mix.
Embodiment 3
Raw material is taken: common pratia fruit 300g, rhizoma zingiberis 500g, dry green pepper 400g, rheum officinale 200g, peppermint 50g, garlic 50g by following formula.Add water 15L, soaks 12 hours, heat 5 hours.Filter to get filtrate, add camphor 50g before then taking the dish out of the pot, mix.
Embodiment 4
Raw material is taken: common pratia fruit 200g, rhizoma zingiberis 500g, dry green pepper 300g, rheum officinale 200g, peppermint 100g, garlic 100g by following formula.Add water 12L, soaks 24 hours, heat 2 hours.Filter to get filtrate, before then taking the dish out of the pot, add camphor 100g.Add alcohol 2.5L after cooling, mix.
Embodiment 5 control of aphids is tested
Experimental subjects is cotten aphid, experiment place is experiment field, zhengding, in field Stochastic choice 10 regions, 1 mu, each region, spray insecticide 20 times of liquid (A) prepared by embodiment 1 respectively, 40 times of liquid (B) and 100 times of liquid (C), 200 times of liquid (D) and each 3 times of clear water (control group), 3 days once, each 30 kilograms.
Adopt and determine strain and determine leaf mode and investigate, every region 3 strain, every strain 3 blades, before spraying, at every turn spray 1 day record aphid number afterwards, calculating mean.
Table 1 control of aphids experimental result
Obviously, the efficient of Pesticide with Chinese medicinal material of the present invention can reach more than 85%, and especially the efficient of 20-40 times of liquid can reach more than 95%, has good insecticidal effect.
Embodiment 6 rice fulgorid control experiment
Test method is with reference to " People's Republic of China (PRC) agricultural industry criteria NY/T1154.11-2008 ", adopt rice-stem dipping method: the rice strain extracting with root healthy and strong tillering stage to the booting initial stage, clean, be cut into the band root rice stem that 15cm is long, 3 strains one group, dry in the air in shady and cool place to surface without washmarking.By rice stem respectively in embodiment 2,3, the botanical pesticide (A, B, C) of 4 preparations, 20, after in 40,80 times of medicaments diluted, leaching taking-up in 30 seconds is dried, encase root with the absorbent cotton soaked and put into cultivation cup, draw 3 mid-term in age nymph put into and cultivate cup, 20 every glass, put that temperature is 27 DEG C, the photoperiod be raise in the incubator of 16h: 8h (L: D).Clear water contrasts.Death toll is checked after 4 days.
Table 2 rice fulgorid prevents and treats experimental result
Obviously, the efficient of Pesticide with Chinese medicinal material of the present invention can reach more than 85%, and especially the efficient of 20-40 times of liquid can reach more than 95%, has good insecticidal effect.
Claims (12)
1. a Chinese medicine composition insecticide, is characterized in that, it is mainly made up of the Chinese medicine of following parts by weight: common pratia fruit: 0.5-2 part; Rhizoma zingiberis: 1-4 part; Dry green pepper: 0.5-2 part; Rheum officinale: 1-3 part; Peppermint: 0.1-1 part; Garlic: 0.1-1 part; Camphor: 0.1-0.5 part.
2. Chinese medicine composition insecticide as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described Chinese medicine composition insecticide is made up of the Chinese medicine of following parts by weight: common pratia fruit: 0.5-1.5 part; Rhizoma zingiberis: 1.5-2.5 part; Dry green pepper: 0.5-1.5 part; Rheum officinale: 1-2 part; Peppermint: 0.2-0.5 part; Garlic: 0.2-0.5 part; Camphor: 0.1-0.2 part.
3. Chinese medicine composition insecticide as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, described Chinese medicine composition insecticide, is be made up of the Chinese medicine of following parts by weight: common pratia fruit: 1 part; Rhizoma zingiberis: 2 parts; Dry green pepper: 1 part; Rheum officinale: 1.5 parts; Peppermint: 0.25 part; Garlic: 0.25 part; Camphor: 0.125 part.
4. Chinese medicine composition insecticide as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, described Chinese medicine composition insecticide also comprises ethanol.
5. Chinese medicine composition insecticide as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described Chinese medicine composition insecticide also comprises ethanol.
6. Chinese medicine composition insecticide as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, the ethanol of described ethanol to be mass percent be 70-95%.
7. Chinese medicine composition insecticide as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, the ethanol of described ethanol to be mass percent be 70-95%.
8. Chinese medicine composition insecticide as claimed in claims 6 or 7, is characterized in that, the addition of described ethanol be the 1.1-2 of traditional Chinese medicinal components gross weight doubly.
9. the Chinese medicine composition method for producing insecticide as described in claim 1-8 any one, is characterized in that, mainly comprise the following steps:
1) water extraction: common pratia fruit, rhizoma zingiberis, dry green pepper, rheum officinale, peppermint and garlic are put into container, decocts;
2) etc. decoct complete, filter to get filtrate, then camphorate, mix.
10. preparation method as claimed in claim 9, is characterized in that, in step 2) after, also comprise step 3) cooling, add ethanol.
11. preparation methods as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that, described water extraction is carried out as follows: adding weight is above-mentioned Chinese medicine weight 7-10 water doubly, soaks 2-30h, then decocts 2-5h.
The application of 12. Chinese medicine composition insecticides as described in claim 1-8 any one, is characterized in that, for preventing and treating the insect pest of Homoptera Phytophthira, aleyrodid class.
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| CN107371771A (en) * | 2017-09-12 | 2017-11-24 | 六盘水黔丰农业发展有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of Radix Codonopsis |
| CN107593788A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-01-19 | 徐卫东 | A kind of botanical pesticide reagent for preventing and treating landscape flower pest and disease damage and preparation method thereof |
| CN109566671A (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2019-04-05 | 河南科技学院 | A kind of crops Pesticide with Chinese medicinal material and its preparation method and application |
| CN113662019A (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2021-11-19 | 何登友 | A disinfectant powder containing Chinese medicinal composition, and its preparation method |
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