CN102640764B - Botanical insecticide - Google Patents
Botanical insecticide Download PDFInfo
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- CN102640764B CN102640764B CN201210076671.7A CN201210076671A CN102640764B CN 102640764 B CN102640764 B CN 102640764B CN 201210076671 A CN201210076671 A CN 201210076671A CN 102640764 B CN102640764 B CN 102640764B
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- extracts
- insecticide
- aconitine
- crotin
- strychnia
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
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- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a botanical insecticide, which comprises the following active components extracted from sophora flavescens, tobacco, common monkshood mother roots, kusnezoff monkshood roots, a wormwood, ligusticum, nux vomica, quisqualis indica and croton: 55-70% by weight of matrine, 0.5-5% by weight of tobacco-alkaloid, and 25-44 % by weight of aconitine, ligusticum oil, brucine, potassium quisqualate and crotin. The insecticide belongs to an insecticidal and acaricidal pesticide, can be used for pest control of vegetables, fruit trees, crops and the like, the selected plants are naturally ubiquitous, can be degraded by microorganisms in the nature, have no injury or residues to crops, do not pollute the environment or agricultural products, do not kill natural enemies, have no teratogenic, carcinogenic and mutagenic hazards to mammals, have strong pest-killing effects, are efficient and safe, have good control efficiency and are low in cost. The botanical insecticide is particularly suitable for controlling citrus pests.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of insecticide, particularly a kind of plant insecticide that extracts effective ingredient and prepare from various plants.
Background technology
Citrus is one of topmost fruit of southern china, and edibility is high, economic benefits, and Main Cultivation is each province on the south the Changjiang river.In recent years, because weather turns warm, citrus thing marquis's phase was long, so mandarin orange pest is of a great variety, harm is on the rise.The larger insect that causes damage has two spotted spider mite, scale insect, citrus leaf-miner etc.
The insecticide of prior art mostly is chemical pesticide, and its drug effect is low, and the residual hazard phase is long, has a strong impact on crop growth environment and human and livestock health.Agricultural chemicals is the special chemicals of a class, and it can prevent and treat agricultural damage by disease and insect, also can produce harm to people and animals.Therefore, the use of agricultural chemicals, brings benefit to the mankind on the one hand, the environment of also depending on for existence to the mankind on the other hand brings harm, owing to using in a large number chemical pesticide, air, water source, soil and food have been subject to pollution, poisonous substance be accumulated in cause in the middle of domestic animal and human body poisoning etc.And, use for a long time some chemical pesticide also can make insect develop immunity to drugs, oneself has 417 kinds at present drug-fast insect.According to the literature, agricultural chemicals availability is generally 10%, and approximately 90% residual margin, in environment, causes the pollution to environment.A large amount of agricultural chemicals evaporate in air, flow in water body, sedimentation is gathered in soil, pollute farming animals fishing fruit product, and transfer in human body by the enrichment of food chain, and human body is produced to harm.The agricultural chemicals of efficient severe toxicity, toxicity is large, and in environment residual time long, when people and animals have eaten the food that contains remains of pesticide, will cause accumulation property poisoning.This class harm often will just demonstrate symptom through the accumulation of long period, it is again the enrichment by food chain, finally just enters human body, is difficult for finding in time, therefore, generally by people, do not paid attention to, and this class pollution range is wide, the number of harm is many, in many cases, be that the mankind oneself are poisoning oneself, thus, this class harm is more dangerous.
Once agricultural chemicals entered environment, its toxicity, high residue characteristic just can generating effects, cause the pollution of serious atmosphere, water body and soil, thereby bring harm to human health.When the poisonous applications of pesticide are on crops, fruit and vegetables, remain in the agricultural chemicals in crop surface, due to fat-soluble strong, be easy to infiltrate the wax coat of crop epidermis, so that be difficult to wash completely.If make the feed of livestock with these contaminated grains, vegetables, residual agricultural chemicals will be transferred in meat, newborn class and egg product and cause pollution, finally with food, enters human body.Agricultural chemicals also can enter rivers with the irrigation water in farmland, so that agricultural chemicals retains in the water plants that drug resistance is strong, through complicated biochemical cycles, in birds, fish and aquatic bird body, accumulate subsequently, trophic level enrichment and transfer gradually along with food chain, finally enter human body, cause chronic poisoning, even cause cancer.Agricultural chemicals is mainly to enter human body by food chain, accumulates, thereby affect normal physiological activity in fat and liver.
Therefore, be necessary to propose a kind of novel vegetable insecticide, crops, without poisoning, noresidue, free from environmental pollution and agricultural product, to people and animals also safety, and are especially applicable to the insecticide of Citrus insect.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, plant insecticide of the present invention, its selected plant is all that natural world is ubiquitous, natural microorganism has formed degradation mechanism to it already, to crops without poisoning, noresidue, free from environmental pollution and agricultural product, strong to insect lethal effect, safe, preventive effect is good and with low cost.Especially be suitable for the control of mandarin orange pest two spotted spider mite, scale insect, citrus leaf-miner etc.
Plant insecticide of the present invention, from kuh-seng, tobacco, monkshood, radix aconiti agrestis, Herba Achilleae, Jehol Ligusticum Rhizome, vomiting nut, the fruit of Rangoon creeper, crotons, extract effective ingredient, described effective ingredient is: matrine 55-70%, nicoteine 0.5-5%, and the percentage that the gross weight of aconitine, Rhizoma Ligustici oil, strychnia, quisqualic acid potassium, crotin accounts for insecticide is 25-44%; Mixed proportion between described aconitine, Rhizoma Ligustici oil, strychnia, quisqualic acid potassium, croton oil is: 3:1:2:1:1;
Further, described effective ingredient is: matrine 60%, nicoteine 1%, and the percentage that the gross weight of aconitine, Rhizoma Ligustici oil, strychnia, quisqualic acid potassium, crotin accounts for insecticide is 39%;
Matrine, is agricultural chemical of natural plant, once insect touches this medicine, benumbs nerve center, then makes polypide protein coagulating, increases dead polypide pore, and insect is choked to death, and to people, animal low toxicity, is broad spectrum pesticide, has and tags and stomach poison function.The insects such as the cabbage caterpillar on various crops, aphid, two spotted spider mite are had to obvious control efficiency.
Nicoteine, is the primary raw material of low toxicity strengthening plant insecticide, and nicotine is commercially as parasitic expellent in insecticide and animal doctor's medicament.Nicotine severe toxicity, lethal dose is 40mg, can prevent and treat the production damage by disease and insect on agricultural, the gardening such as the withered worry of aphid, snout moth, rice fulgorid, late rice, cutworm, two spotted spider mite of the multiple kinds of crops such as wheat, cotton, vegetables, tobacco leaf, fruit, paddy.
Aconitine, can make people's decreased heart rate, pulse soft and a little less than, blood pressure edges down, and can suppress respiratory center, makes to breathe to slow down, and to the first excitement of the sensory nerve ending of local skin and mucosa, itch, burn feeling, continues to benumb unconsciousness.
Crotin, can affect elongation factor 1 and 2 and ribosomal interaction, suppresses phatidylcholine esterase active effect, thereby causes insect death.
Strychnia, can make central nervous system excited.First strengthen spinal reflex excitability, make it exagger.Secondly respiratory center and the vasomotor center of excited oblongata, and improve cerebral cortex sensorium (depending on, listen, smell) susceptibility.
Rhizoma Ligustici oil, acute toxicity experience is tried to achieve mouse stomach Neutral Oil of Ligusticum sinense Oliv 72 hours with karber's method, median lethal dose is that 70.17 ± 4.95g/kg(calculates by crude drug).
Quisqualic acid potassium, can expelling parasite, has renal toxicity, can cause kidney damage.
Extract of the present invention extracts by methods such as alcohol-pickled, Soxhlet extractions, plants the ripening fruits that subclass is preferably gathered then, and skin, root, footpath, leaf are the new dry products of gathering then.
Its plant extracts can replace with commercially available functional component, exempts and extracts procedure, and its component content is also purer.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: plant insecticide of the present invention, toxicity is large, belongs to desinsection, kills mite dual-purpose agricultural chemicals, has the function of tagging, stomach toxicity function, food refusal function, suppresses the insect function of growing.Aconitine has powerful anesthetic effect, suppresses the nervous system of insect, interrupts the neurotransmission of insect, with the quisqualic acid potassium acting in conjunction that promotes neuronal cell necrosis, there is the paralysis of enhancing polypide, destroy rapidly the effect of insect nervous function, suppress the respiration of insect; Strychnia stimulates the skin of insect, makes skin and mucosa sensory nerve present excitatory state, produces itch and burning heat sensation, continues to anaesthetize insect, and insect is lost consciousness; The intense stimulus performance damage polypide epidermis of croton oil, destroys the chitin of polypide; Crotin can suppress polypide acetylcholine esterase active, causes insect death; Nicotine, by Selective Control insect nerve system nicotinic acetylcholine esterase acceptor, is blocked the conduction of insect central nervous system, thereby causes insect to occur paralysis and then dead; And that Rhizoma Ligustici oil has is antibacterial, the effect of expelling parasite.Plant insecticide of the present invention, each effective ingredient complements each other, synergy, have interior absorption strong, quick-acting good, active high, the lasting period long, can ovicidal can kill larva again, adult, can be used for the control of insect of the aspects such as vegetables, fruit tree, crops.Because its selected plant is all that natural world is ubiquitous, natural microorganism has formed degradation mechanism to it already, to crops without key, noresidue, free from environmental pollution and agricultural product, do not kill natural enemy, to mammal without teratogenesis, carcinogenic, mutagenic harm, strong to insect lethal effect, highly effective and safe, preventive effect is good and with low cost.Especially be suitable for the control of mandarin orange pest.
Embodiment
Take below citrus as example illustrates plant insecticide of the present invention.
Embodiment mono-
Plant insecticide of the present invention, described effective ingredient is: matrine 60%, nicoteine 1%, the percentage that the total amount of aconitine, Rhizoma Ligustici oil, strychnia, quisqualic acid potassium, crotin accounts for insecticide is 39%.
Plant insecticide of the present invention, the mixed proportion between described aconitine, Rhizoma Ligustici oil, strychnia, quisqualic acid potassium, crotin is: 3:1:2:1:1.
Plant insecticide of the present invention, described matrine extracts in kuh-seng, nicoteine extracts in tobacco, aconitine by monkshood, radix aconiti agrestis or/and extract in Herba Achilleae, Rhizoma Ligustici oil extracts in Jehol Ligusticum Rhizome, strychnia extracts in vomiting nut, and quisqualic acid potassium extracts in the fruit of Rangoon creeper, and crotin extracts in crotons.
Each uniform ingredients is mixed and made into insecticide, after dilution, is sprayed on 10 mu of citrus woodss, spray once after 7 days at interval again, evidence, and citrus is not found the mandarin orange pests such as two spotted spider mite, scale insect, citrus leaf-miner whole vegetative period; The detection of ripening fruits is identified and do not found any medicament residue; To the testing result of soil, be that desaturase activity in soil does not reduce.
Embodiment bis-
Plant insecticide of the present invention, described effective ingredient is: matrine 55%, nicoteine 1%, the percentage that the total amount of aconitine, Rhizoma Ligustici oil, strychnia, quisqualic acid potassium, crotin accounts for insecticide is 44%.
Plant insecticide of the present invention, the mixed proportion between described aconitine, Rhizoma Ligustici oil, strychnia, quisqualic acid potassium, crotin is: 3:1:2:1:1.
Plant insecticide of the present invention, described matrine extracts in kuh-seng, nicoteine extracts in tobacco, aconitine by monkshood, radix aconiti agrestis or/and extract in Herba Achilleae, Rhizoma Ligustici oil extracts in Jehol Ligusticum Rhizome, strychnia extracts in vomiting nut, and quisqualic acid potassium extracts in the fruit of Rangoon creeper, and crotin extracts in crotons.
Each uniform ingredients is mixed and made into insecticide, after dilution, is sprayed on 10 mu of citrus woodss, spray once after 7 days at interval again, evidence, and citrus is found the mandarin orange pests such as a small amount of two spotted spider mite, scale insect, citrus leaf-miner whole vegetative period; Adding spray and once eliminate completely, the detection of ripening fruits is identified and do not found any medicament residue, is that desaturase activity in soil does not reduce to the testing result of soil.
Embodiment tri-
Plant insecticide of the present invention, described effective ingredient is: matrine 65%, nicoteine 5%, the percentage that the total amount of aconitine, Rhizoma Ligustici oil, strychnia, quisqualic acid potassium, crotin accounts for insecticide is 30%,
Plant insecticide of the present invention, the mixed proportion between described aconitine, Rhizoma Ligustici oil, strychnia, quisqualic acid potassium, crotin is: 3:1:2:1:1.
Plant insecticide of the present invention, described matrine extracts in kuh-seng, nicoteine extracts in tobacco, aconitine by monkshood, radix aconiti agrestis or/and extract in Herba Achilleae, Rhizoma Ligustici oil extracts in Jehol Ligusticum Rhizome, strychnia extracts in vomiting nut, and quisqualic acid potassium extracts in the fruit of Rangoon creeper, and crotin extracts in crotons.
Each uniform ingredients is mixed and made into insecticide, each uniform ingredients is mixed and made into insecticide, after dilution, is sprayed on 10 mu of citrus woodss, spray once after 7 days at interval again, evidence, citrus is found the mandarin orange pests such as a small amount of two spotted spider mite, scale insect, citrus leaf-miner whole vegetative period; Adding spray and once eliminate completely, the detection of ripening fruits is identified and do not found any medicament residue, is that desaturase activity in soil does not reduce to the testing result of soil.
Embodiment tetra-
Plant insecticide of the present invention, described effective ingredient is: matrine 70%, nicoteine 5%, the percentage that the total amount of aconitine, Rhizoma Ligustici oil, strychnia, quisqualic acid potassium, crotin accounts for insecticide is 25%,
Plant insecticide of the present invention, the mixed proportion between described aconitine, Rhizoma Ligustici oil, strychnia, quisqualic acid potassium, crotin is: 3:1:2:1:1.
Plant insecticide of the present invention, described matrine extracts in kuh-seng, nicoteine extracts in tobacco, aconitine by monkshood, radix aconiti agrestis or/and extract in Herba Achilleae, Rhizoma Ligustici oil extracts in Jehol Ligusticum Rhizome, strychnia extracts in vomiting nut, and quisqualic acid potassium extracts in the fruit of Rangoon creeper, and crotin extracts in crotons.
Each uniform ingredients is mixed and made into insecticide, after dilution, is sprayed on 10 mu of citrus woodss, spray once after 7 days at interval again, evidence, and citrus is found the mandarin orange pests such as a small amount of two spotted spider mite, scale insect, citrus leaf-miner whole vegetative period; Adding spray and once eliminate (after adding spray or finding insect pest winter, add spray all can) completely, the detection evaluation of ripening fruits is not found to any medicament residue, is that desaturase activity in soil does not reduce to the testing result of soil.
Embodiment five
Plant insecticide of the present invention, described effective ingredient is: matrine 60%, nicoteine 0.5%, the percentage that the total amount of aconitine, Rhizoma Ligustici oil, strychnia, quisqualic acid potassium, crotin accounts for insecticide is 39.5%.
Plant insecticide of the present invention, the mixed proportion between described aconitine, Rhizoma Ligustici oil, strychnia, quisqualic acid potassium, crotin is: 3:1:2:1:1.
Plant insecticide of the present invention, described matrine extracts in kuh-seng, nicoteine extracts in tobacco, aconitine by monkshood, radix aconiti agrestis or/and extract in Herba Achilleae, Rhizoma Ligustici oil extracts in Jehol Ligusticum Rhizome, strychnia extracts in vomiting nut, and quisqualic acid potassium extracts in the fruit of Rangoon creeper, and crotin extracts in crotons.
Each uniform ingredients is mixed and made into insecticide, after dilution, is sprayed on 10 mu of citrus woodss, spray once after 7 days at interval again, evidence, and citrus is found the mandarin orange pests such as a small amount of two spotted spider mite, scale insect, citrus leaf-miner whole vegetative period; Adding spray and once eliminate completely, the detection of ripening fruits is identified and do not found any medicament residue, is that desaturase activity in soil does not reduce to the testing result of soil.
Finally explanation is, above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described, although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can modify or be equal to replacement technical scheme of the present invention, and not departing from aim and the scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a plant insecticide, is characterized in that: comprise by mass percentage: matrine 55-70%, nicoteine 0.5-5%, the composition 25-44% of aconitine, Rhizoma Ligustici oil, strychnia, quisqualic acid potassium and crotin; Aconitine in mass ratio in the composition of described aconitine, Rhizoma Ligustici oil, strychnia, quisqualic acid potassium and crotin: Rhizoma Ligustici oil: strychnia: quisqualic acid potassium: crotin is 3:1:2:1:1.
2. plant insecticide according to claim 1, is characterized in that: comprise by mass percentage: matrine 60%, nicoteine 1%, the composition 39% of aconitine, Rhizoma Ligustici oil, strychnia, quisqualic acid potassium and crotin.
3. plant insecticide according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described matrine extracts in kuh-seng, nicoteine extracts in tobacco, aconitine by monkshood, radix aconiti agrestis or/and extract in Herba Achilleae, Rhizoma Ligustici oil extracts in Jehol Ligusticum Rhizome, strychnia extracts in vomiting nut, and quisqualic acid potassium extracts in the fruit of Rangoon creeper, and crotin extracts in crotons.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210076671.7A CN102640764B (en) | 2012-03-21 | 2012-03-21 | Botanical insecticide |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201210076671.7A CN102640764B (en) | 2012-03-21 | 2012-03-21 | Botanical insecticide |
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| CN102640764A CN102640764A (en) | 2012-08-22 |
| CN102640764B true CN102640764B (en) | 2014-02-26 |
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| CN201210076671.7A Expired - Fee Related CN102640764B (en) | 2012-03-21 | 2012-03-21 | Botanical insecticide |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103461397B (en) * | 2013-09-26 | 2015-08-05 | 卞佳林 | A kind of natural pesticide for gingko and preparation method thereof |
| CN103814915A (en) * | 2014-02-19 | 2014-05-28 | 李�杰 | Brucine insecticide and its preparation method |
| CN104126558A (en) * | 2014-07-04 | 2014-11-05 | 泰山医学院 | Composite fly poisoning rope comprising delavay larkspur root water extract |
| CN104872206A (en) * | 2015-05-20 | 2015-09-02 | 苏州市贝克生物科技有限公司 | Preparation method of plant insecticide |
| CN105123777A (en) * | 2015-08-26 | 2015-12-09 | 青岛文创科技有限公司 | Botanical insecticide |
| CN106962422A (en) * | 2017-05-12 | 2017-07-21 | 还童（锦州）特殊医学用途配方食品有限公司 | Vegetable insecticide and preparation method thereof |
Citations (3)
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| CN1064389A (en) * | 1991-03-02 | 1992-09-16 | 王杰民 | The preparation of kushenin vegetable insecticide and make usage |
| CN101926372A (en) * | 2010-07-12 | 2010-12-29 | 重庆东方农药有限公司 | Nicotinamide-matrine aqua vegetable insecticide and preparation method thereof |
| CN102283260A (en) * | 2011-09-07 | 2011-12-21 | 杜肇南 | Biologic bactericide prepared from plant sources |
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2012
- 2012-03-21 CN CN201210076671.7A patent/CN102640764B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1064389A (en) * | 1991-03-02 | 1992-09-16 | 王杰民 | The preparation of kushenin vegetable insecticide and make usage |
| CN101926372A (en) * | 2010-07-12 | 2010-12-29 | 重庆东方农药有限公司 | Nicotinamide-matrine aqua vegetable insecticide and preparation method thereof |
| CN102283260A (en) * | 2011-09-07 | 2011-12-21 | 杜肇南 | Biologic bactericide prepared from plant sources |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
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| 47种植物提取物对3种柑桔常见贮藏病害病原菌活性抑制作用研究;胡军华等;《中国南方果树》;20101231;第39卷(第3期);1-4,8 * |
| 胡军华等.47种植物提取物对3种柑桔常见贮藏病害病原菌活性抑制作用研究.《中国南方果树》.2010,第39卷(第3期),1-4,8. |
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