CN103947692A - Plant-derived composition pesticide and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Plant-derived composition pesticide and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103947692A CN103947692A CN201410140567.9A CN201410140567A CN103947692A CN 103947692 A CN103947692 A CN 103947692A CN 201410140567 A CN201410140567 A CN 201410140567A CN 103947692 A CN103947692 A CN 103947692A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention relates to a plant-derived composition pesticide, a preparation method and an application thereof. The plant-source composition pesticide of the invention mainly comprises rehmanniae radix, dry pepper, dry xanthate, basil, and fennel. The traditional Chinese medicine pesticide of the invention is synthesized by natural plants, contains no toxic chemical components, has no residual toxin on plants, fruit trees, or vegetables after sprinkling, has no harm to human and environment water resources, can substitute existing chemical pesticides, and is a novel, pollution-free, environment-friendly green pesticide; the pesticide is simple in preparation method and good in effect, can be used for control of various crop diseases and insect pests, and especially has very good control effect on insect pests of lepidoptera pyralidae, stem borers such as rice leaf rollers, chilo suppressalis and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of agricultural chemicals, specifically, relate to a kind of plant resource composite pesticide and its preparation method and application.
Background technology
Because China is used in a large number chemical insecticides at present in the process of forest and cultural control damage by disease and insect, toxic and side effect is large, jeopardize the life security of humans and animals, cause the severe contamination at soil and water source simultaneously, environmental pollution is serious, and use in a large number chemical insecticide to bring serious consequence, and production cost is high, and effective drug duration is short.And the production method of these chemical pesticides is complicated, there is in process of production serious environmental pollution, harm producers' physical and mental health, use after these insecticides, the surface detention time in grain, vegetables, melon and fruit, herbage etc. is long, be difficult to decompose, to people and animals, bring serious harm, even threat to life.In the process of spraying insecticide, operator also often has poisoning phenomenon, and long-term use can produce serious pesticide resistance, for guaranteeing insecticidal effect, must increase agricultural chemicals using dosage, residue of pesticide are serious, thereby make the residue of pesticide of grain, vegetables, melon and fruit, herbage etc. directly endanger human and livestock health, because the accident of people and animals' death that food poisoning causes happens occasionally, the long-term edible even canceration of generation that can cause eater's various diseases simultaneously.Therefore, all having in countries in the world, even some residue of pesticide of permission use are not serious in restriction use, the insecticide that toxicity is larger.
Along with enhancing and the needs to food security of people's environmental consciousness, especially agriculture of the whole society, woods, the animal husbandry producer are badly in need of efficiently, low toxicity, eco-friendly insecticide.Wherein, Pesticide with Chinese medicinal material is very important a kind of in present stage non-poisonous pesticides, the research of Farm chemical of Chinese berbs is disclosed to a kind of Pullution-free insecticide prepared from Chinese herbacteous plant in the exploratory stage as Chinese patent application 00121313.X, its preparation technology is simple, to various insects, particularly green vegetables worm, cotton ridge worm, aphid, two spotted spider mite are had to good inhibition and killing action; As Chinese patent 200610044147.6 discloses a kind of Chinese medicine composite biological pesticide that crust is primary raw material of take.But the Pesticide with Chinese medicinal material of at present real wide spectrum, practicality is also fewer.
Based on the demand, the invention provides a kind of efficient, nontoxic, plant resource composite pesticide of environmental protection and its preparation method and application.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of plant resource composite pesticide.This plant resource composite pesticide is synthesized by natural plants, not containing any poisonous chemical analysis, environmental protection, efficiently, nontoxic, after sprinkling, plant, fruit tree, vegetables do not have residual toxin, can be widely used in the production of agriculture forest and husbandry, be particularly suitable for killing Lepidoptera Pyralidae, the snout moth's larva class class pests such as rice leaf roller, striped rice borer.
The present invention also provides the preparation method of above-mentioned plant resource composite pesticide;
Another object of invention is to provide the application of above-mentioned plant resource composite pesticide.
Plant resource composite pesticide of the present invention, mainly the Chinese medicine by following parts by weight forms: raw cigarette root: 2-10 part; Dry green pepper: 2-10 part; Dry xanthate: 1-5 part; Sweet basil: 3-10 part; Fennel seeds: 0.1-0.6 part.
Wherein, the root that raw cigarette root is tobacco obtains after super-dry, in fact can not can be regarded as proper traditional Chinese medicine, present stage, it was not admitted in Chinese pharmacopoeia yet, but in practice, inventor finds that the smell of raw cigarette root and tobacco leaf is similar, tobacco leaf is mainly as preparation tobacco and cigarette, its main effect is that subdhing swelling and detoxicating and desinsection are (as oncomelania, mosquito, fly, mouse etc.), and the foundation of tobacco does not originally have industrial use, general directly throw aside or minute quantity is used (but because its cigarette amount is larger as the combustion material in rural area, for health, consider, also unmanned use gradually), the research of the function of raw cigarette root and exploration are also had no to bibliographical information.The smell of inventor based on raw cigarette root and tobacco leaf is similar, uses it for pesticidal use, and it has unexpected discovery than the better insecticidal effect of tobacco leaf.Experiment intuitively shows, under similarity condition, the combustion fumes of the tobacco leaf of same quantity just can mosquito expelling or reduced the mobility of mosquito, but the combustion fumes of raw cigarette root can make directly stupor or dead of mosquito.Inventor is through many experiments, will give birth to cigarette root extract after and other Chinese medicines composite, make pulvis or aqua, there is good insecticidal effect.
Dry green pepper is dry red pepper, and nature and flavor are pungent, heat, and its capsaicine containing has anti-inflammatory and antioxidation.
Dry xanthate is the xanthate drying, and xanthate is called again " Li Luogen "; Also there is area to be called: bitter Lee's root; Palm cowboy; Take willow; Mountain is black; Chinese medicine Li Luogen is that the root of Rhamnaceae Taxa of Rhamnus rhamnus crenata sieb.et zucc is used as medicine.Nature and flavor are bitter, pungent, and flat, poisonous, major function is clearing heat and promoting diuresis, killing parasites to relieve itshing.External application can be treated scabies, stubborn dermatitis, eczema, impetigo.
Sweet basil is medicine-food two-purpose fragrant plant, has fragrance powerful, that stimulate, has dispelling wind promoting the circulation of qi, the function that dampness elimination helps digestion, invigorates blood circulation, detoxifies.For exogenous headache, stagnant, the gastral cavity of food flatulence pain, have loose bowels, the treatment of the diseases such as irregular menstruation, traumatic injury, snake bite and insect sting, the wet sore of skin, urticaria sufferings.
Fennel seeds are the fruit of Umbelliferae herbaceous plant fennel seeds.Taste is pungent, warm in nature.Stimulating appetite, regulates the flow of vital energy loose cold, has supporing yang road.Cure mainly: cold in middle-JIAO, anorexia, n and V, belly crymodynia; Hernia pain, testiclar gall; The taste stagnation of the circulation of vital energy, abdominal fullness and distention is had a pain.The fennel preparation that < < China allusion quotation > > is loaded with is conventional stomach invigorating, loose cold, promoting the circulation of qi, analgesic.
Under suitable dosage, above-mentioned traditional Chinese medicinal components all belongs to the nontoxic Chinese medicine of human body, inventor finds, by said components compatibility, various drug synergisms, the Chinese medicinal formulae of making can be used as agricultural chemicals, and especially, to Lepidoptera Pyralidae, the snout moth's larva class pests such as rice leaf roller, striped rice borer have particularly preferred killing effect.
Preferably, described plant resource composite pesticide is mainly comprised of the Chinese medicine of following parts by weight: raw cigarette root: 3-6 part; Dry green pepper: 3-6 part; Dry xanthate: 2-4 part; Sweet basil: 5-8 part; Fennel seeds: 0.2-0.4 part.
Preferred, described plant resource composite pesticide, mainly the Chinese medicine by following parts by weight forms: raw cigarette root: 5 parts; Dry green pepper: 5 parts; Dry xanthate: 3 parts; Sweet basil: 6 parts; Fennel seeds: 0.3 part.
For strengthening insecticidal effect, plant resource composite pesticide of the present invention also comprises ethanol.The Main Function of ethanol is in order to extend the storage life of aqua.
Described ethanol is high concentration ethanol, can be the ethanol that mass percent is 70-95%; The alcohol melt into that ethanol can extract in each traditional Chinese medicinal components on the one hand divides; Can improve the shelf-life by killing the various bacteriums in Pesticide with Chinese medicinal material on the other hand, protect the stability of each component; And itself also thering is insecticidal action and synergistic effect (improving the effect of insecticide), alcohol in high concentration can make the protein denaturation of insects body surface, can also destroy the body structure of insect, thereby kill them.
The addition of described ethanol can soak or flood medicinal material and be as the criterion, preferred, and the addition of described ethanol is 1.1-2 times of traditional Chinese medicinal components gross weight; More preferably 1.1-1.5 doubly.
Plant resource composite pesticide of the present invention can adopt various formulations, as pulvis, and suspension, wetting agent, granule, fumicants, aqueous solvent etc.
As prepare pulvis, various traditional Chinese medicinal components can be pulverized and mixed to water extraction, the dry powder that obtains.
As prepare fumicants, after various traditional Chinese medicinal components can being pulverized, be configured to powder with oxidant and combustion adjuvant.
As prepare aqueous solvent, can be by each traditional Chinese medicinal components water extraction or alcohol extracting, or further add ethanol or water.
Above-mentioned various formulation has the characteristics and advantages of himself, can select according to different situations.
According to its formulation and for the kind of insect, plant resource composite pesticide of the present invention can adopt the conventional method in this area to use, as aqueous solvent can dilute 200-800 doubly, according to every mu of the size of plant and unit are, use 4-50 kilogram of plant resource composite pesticide solution of the present invention, according to the order of severity of insect pest, every 2-5 days uses once, can continuous administration 2-5 time.
Amount of application can be preferably every mu and use 10-30 kilogram of liquid.
Especially, the invention provides a kind of preparation method of described plant resource composite pesticide aqueous solvent.
Preparation method of the present invention is simple, mainly comprises the following steps: take above-mentioned traditional Chinese medicinal components, add the water of 3-7 times of quality of traditional Chinese medicinal components gross weight, decoct, then filter, get filtrate.
Method of the present invention also comprises: obtain after filtrate, it is 1.05-1.1cm/g3 that filtrate is concentrated into density;
In addition, method of the present invention also comprises: after obtaining filtrate or after concentrated filtrate, filtrate is cooling, adding quality is traditional Chinese medicinal components gross weight 0.6-1.2 ethanol doubly; Preferred mass is traditional Chinese medicinal components gross weight 0.8-0.9 ethanol doubly.
Described decoction can adopt conventional Chinese medicine decocting method, as divided 2-3 time, decocts 5-30 minute at every turn; Preferred following decoction method: adding weight is above-mentioned Chinese medicine weight 3-7 water doubly, soaks 2-30h, then decocts 2-8h;
The preferred 24h of described soak time; The preferred 6h of described decocting time.
Can use above-mentioned aqueous solvent according to the conventional application process in this area, as can be according to the size of plant and plant spacing, the order of severity of damage by disease and insect, dilutes 20-800 doubly by aqueous solvent, and every mu sprays 10-20 kilogram; Spraying number of times can be 1-3 time weekly; Can spray 2-8 time continuously.
The preferred 20-50 of described extension rate doubly; More preferably 40 times.
Plant resource composite pesticide of the present invention can adopt the store method of this area aqueous solvent to preserve, and preferably long-term preservation method is that it is preserved at low temperatures, as about 10 ℃ preservations.
Plant resource composite pesticide of the present invention can be used for preventing and treating the damage by disease and insect of various crops, and especially, to Lepidoptera Pyralidae, the snout moth's larva class pest insect pests such as rice leaf roller, striped rice borer have good control efficiency.
Pesticide with Chinese medicinal material of the present invention is synthesized by natural plants, not containing any poisonous chemical analysis, after sprinkling, plant, fruit tree, vegetables do not have residual toxin, harmless to people, Environmental Water resource, the chemical pesticide of alternative existing use, is a kind of novel nuisanceless, environment-friendly insecticide; And preparation method is simple, effective, especially, to Lepidoptera Pyralidae, the insect pest of the snout moth's larva classes such as rice leaf roller, striped rice borer has good control efficiency.
Embodiment
Following examples are only for the present invention is described, but are not used for limiting invention scope of the present invention.The technician in this field can make some nonessential improvement and adjustment to the present invention according to the content of foregoing invention.
Embodiment 1
By following formula, take raw material: raw cigarette root 500g, dry green pepper 500g, dry xanthate 300g, sweet basil 600g, fennel seeds 30g.Add water 10L, soak 24 hours, heat 6 hours, filter to get filtrate.After filtrate is cooling, add alcohol 2L, mix.10 ℃ of preservations of low temperature.
Embodiment 2
By following formula, take raw material: raw cigarette root 800g, dry green pepper 300g, dry xanthate 400g, sweet basil 500g, fennel seeds 10g.Add water 12L, soak 30 hours, heat 8 hours, filter to get filtrate.After filtrate is cooling, add alcohol 2.5L, mix.10 ℃ of preservations of low temperature.
Embodiment 3
By following formula, take raw material: raw cigarette root 300g, dry red pepper 600g, dry xanthate 400g, sweet basil 800g, fennel seeds 40g.Add water 11L, soak 12 hours, heat 4 hours, filter to get filtrate.After filtrate is cooling, add alcohol 2.5L, mix.10 ℃ of preservations of low temperature.
Embodiment 4
By following formula, take raw material: raw cigarette root 600g, dry green pepper 300g, dry xanthate 200g, sweet basil 500g, fennel seeds 20g.Add water 9L, soak 24 hours, heat 6 hours, filter to get filtrate.It is 1.1g/cm3 that filtrate is concentrated into density, adds alcohol 2L after cooling, mixes.10 ℃ of preservations of low temperature.
Embodiment 5 rice leaf roller control experiments
Aqua prepared by embodiment 1-4 dilutes respectively 40 times, and clear water in contrast, is processed respectively 80 of rice leaf roller.With pest sucking device, draw rice leaf roller 2 instars, every 40 is one group, two groups of chemicals treatment that simultaneously adopt each embodiment, above-mentioned medicament is sprayed at worm body moistening to worm body, after drying, put into wide-mouth bottle, gauze sealing, black cloth shading, in 1 day, after 3 days, check insect population number, calculating mean value and average mortality.The results are shown in following table:
Table 1 rice leaf roller prevents and treats experimental result
Above-mentioned insecticide is carried out to field efficacy experiment in farmland, every mu of 40 kilograms of liquid medicine, even spraying, 3 times weekly, before spraying, spray and finish latter 5 days, (determine strain method of control, every mu is divided into 10th district within 10 days, to observe afterwards the leaf roll situation of rice leaf, 4 strains are got in every district), calculate leaf roll rate, calculate control efficiency, result is as shown in table 2.
Table 2 rice leaf roller prevents and treats experimental result
Obviously, Pesticide with Chinese medicinal material of the present invention has good control efficiency to rice leaf roller.
Embodiment 6 corn borer control experiments
Experimental subjects is corn borer, experiment place is experiment field, zhengding, 10 regions of random selection in field, 1 mu, each region, spray respectively 20 times of liquid of insecticide (A) of embodiment 1 preparation, 40 times of liquid (B) and 100 times of liquid (C), 200 times of liquid (D) and clear water (control group) each 3 times, 3 days once, each 30 kilograms.
Adopt and determine strain and to determine leaf mode and investigate, 3 strains of every region, 3 blades of every strain before spraying, record insect population number, calculating mean after spraying 3 days at every turn.After dispenser, observe each community and have or not poisoning situation.
Table 3 corn borer prevents and treats experimental result
Obviously, Pesticide with Chinese medicinal material of the present invention has good control efficiency to corn borer.
Embodiment 7 rice leaf striped rice borer control experiments
Test method is with reference to the agricultural industry criteria NY/T1154.11-2008 > > of the < < People's Republic of China (PRC), adopt rice stem infusion process: the rice strain that extracts with root healthy and strong tillering stage to the booting initial stage, clean, be cut into the long band root rice stem of 15cm, 3 one group of strain, in cool place, dry in the air to surface without washmarking in place.By rice stem respectively at embodiment 2,3, the plant resource composite pesticide (A, B, C) 20 of 4 preparations, 40, after soaking in the medicament that 80 times have been diluted and within 30 seconds, taking out and dry, with the absorbent cotton soaking, encase root and put into and cultivate cup, draw 2 mid-term in age nymph put into and cultivate cup, 20 every glass, putting temperature and be 27 ℃, photoperiod is 16h: 8h (L: raise in incubator D).Clear water contrast.After 4 days, check death toll.
Table 4 striped rice borer prevents and treats experimental result
Obviously, the efficient of Pesticide with Chinese medicinal material of the present invention can reach more than 85%, and especially the efficient of 20-40 times of liquid can reach more than 95%, has good insecticidal effect.
Claims (10)
1. a plant resource composite pesticide, is characterized in that, it is mainly comprised of the Chinese medicine of following parts by weight: raw cigarette root: 2-10 part; Dry green pepper: 2-10 part; Dry xanthate: 1-5 part; Sweet basil: 3-10 part; Fennel seeds: 0.1-0.6 part.
2. plant resource composite pesticide as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described plant resource composite pesticide is comprised of the Chinese medicine of following parts by weight: raw cigarette root: 3-6 part; Dry green pepper: 3-6 part; Dry xanthate: 2-4 part; Sweet basil: 5-8 part; Fennel seeds: 0.2-0.4 part.
3. plant resource composite pesticide as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, described plant resource composite pesticide, and mainly the Chinese medicine by following parts by weight forms: raw cigarette root: 5 parts; Dry green pepper: 5 parts; Dry xanthate: 3 parts; Sweet basil: 6 parts; Fennel seeds: 0.3 part.
4. the plant resource composite pesticide as described in claim 1-3 any one, is characterized in that, described plant resource composite pesticide also comprises ethanol.
5. plant resource composite pesticide as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, described ethanol is that mass percent is the ethanol of 70-95%.
6. plant resource composite pesticide as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, the addition of described ethanol is 1.1-2 times of traditional Chinese medicinal components gross weight.
7. the preparation method of the plant resource composite pesticide as described in claim 1-6 any one, is characterized in that, mainly comprises the following steps: take above-mentioned traditional Chinese medicinal components, add the water of 3-7 times of quality of traditional Chinese medicinal components gross weight, decoct, then filter, get filtrate.
8. preparation method as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that, described method also comprises: obtain after filtrate, it is 1.05-1.1cm/g3 that filtrate is concentrated into density.
9. preparation method as claimed in claim 7 or 8, is characterized in that, described method also comprises: filtrate is cooling, and adding quality is traditional Chinese medicinal components gross weight 0.6-1.2 ethanol doubly.
10. the application of the plant resource composite pesticide as described in claim 1-6 any one, is characterized in that, for preventing and treating Lepidoptera Pyralidae, the insect pest of rice leaf roller, striped rice borer.
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| CN201410140567.9A CN103947692A (en) | 2014-04-09 | 2014-04-09 | Plant-derived composition pesticide and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN201410140567.9A CN103947692A (en) | 2014-04-09 | 2014-04-09 | Plant-derived composition pesticide and preparation method and application thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104855185A (en) * | 2015-05-21 | 2015-08-26 | 秦盼盼 | Strawberry pest control method |
Citations (3)
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| CN1102540A (en) * | 1993-08-31 | 1995-05-17 | 广西平乐农药厂 | Method for compounding pesticide-"Kangchongling" |
| CN1596665A (en) * | 2004-08-20 | 2005-03-23 | 中国科学院新疆理化技术研究所 | Medical vegetable insecticide |
| CN102057959A (en) * | 2009-11-17 | 2011-05-18 | 高嵩 | Preparation method of botanical insecticide |
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2014
- 2014-04-09 CN CN201410140567.9A patent/CN103947692A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1102540A (en) * | 1993-08-31 | 1995-05-17 | 广西平乐农药厂 | Method for compounding pesticide-"Kangchongling" |
| CN1596665A (en) * | 2004-08-20 | 2005-03-23 | 中国科学院新疆理化技术研究所 | Medical vegetable insecticide |
| CN102057959A (en) * | 2009-11-17 | 2011-05-18 | 高嵩 | Preparation method of botanical insecticide |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 罗伯良: "植物杀虫剂资源的开发应用与保护", 《湖南林业科技》 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104855185A (en) * | 2015-05-21 | 2015-08-26 | 秦盼盼 | Strawberry pest control method |
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Application publication date: 20140730 |