CN103918476A - Edible fungus microporous clinker cultivation technique - Google Patents
Edible fungus microporous clinker cultivation technique Download PDFInfo
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- CN103918476A CN103918476A CN201410118185.6A CN201410118185A CN103918476A CN 103918476 A CN103918476 A CN 103918476A CN 201410118185 A CN201410118185 A CN 201410118185A CN 103918476 A CN103918476 A CN 103918476A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an edible fungus microporous clinker cultivation technique. The technical process includes mixing, loading, sterilizing, cooling, inoculating, spawn running, primodium inducement, fruiting and harvesting. The edible fungus microporous clinker cultivation technique is characterized by particularly including: subpackaging well mixed culture medium into 'edible fungus cultivation containers', and moving into a culturing room for spawn running; placing the containers covered with hyphae in a fruiting room after surface flushing, and when fruiting bodies grow out from micropores of the containers after primodium inducement, starting harvesting if standards are met; managing after harvesting, and re-fruiting. The edible fungus microporous clinker cultivation technique is provided in order to establish a technical platform for edible fungus clinker cultivation, and mainly has the advantages of orderliness in fruiting, convenience in harvesting, freeness of trimming of the fruiting bodies after harvesting and manpower saving; mechanical and automatic production in the whole edible fungus clinker cultivation process can be realized if the edible fungus microporous clinker cultivation technique is cooperatively used with corresponding harvesting machinery in the harvesting procedure.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the edible fungus culturing of agriculture aspect, be one about the invention of edible mushroom grog culture technique.
Background technology
Edible mushroom is the important food resources of the mankind, and not only delicious flavour, has high protein, low fat, low in calories, is rich in multivitamin, mineral element and dietary fiber etc. and is better than the feature of animal foodstuff, and also have obvious health care and medical value.Food of fungi meets the food principle with " nutrition, health, natural " that the World Health Organization advocates, along with the raising of health of people idea and the variation of diet structure, people can be increasing to the demand of edible mushroom, and the development space of mushroom industry also will be more and more wide.
At present, China is Edible Fungi big country, accounts for 70% left and right of Gross World Product, ranks first.Within 2011, national Edible Fungi total amount reaches 2571.7 ten thousand tons, and the output value surpasses 1,400 hundred million yuan, exports goods and earns foreign currency 24.07 hundred million dollars, and mushroom industry has become the important industry of Rural Economic Development and new Agricultural Economic Growth point.Although China is Edible Fungi big country but is not also edible mushroom technology power, since the nineties in last century, by kind and equipment, introduced and technology autonomous innovation, edible fungus industrial cultivation base, various places is investment construction successively, but compares at aspects such as automaticity, environment controlling level, kind application also comparatively backward with other advanced countries.
Abroad, the developed country such as Britain, Holland, France, U.S. has successively realized batch production, the mechanization production of agaricus bisporus from the fifties in last century.At present, the agaricus bisporus of above-mentioned country has formed specialization, scale and suitability for industrialized production from aspects such as bacterial classification making, composts or fertilisers of cultivating fermentation, cover soil material making.Edible mushroom research and the production culture technique of Japan also maintain the leading position in the world, the batch production that has started just to set up bottle cultivated edible fungi from 20 century 70s is produced, from bottling, inoculation, mycelium stimulation, dig bottle and all adopted mechanized operation means, the intelligent growing environment of controlling, realized the fresh mushroom production anniversary, target level of product quality.
Micropore fruiting technology, to utilize edible mushroom self biological property, until mycelia in specific culture vessel, sending out bacterium completely after, by envirment factors such as illumination, temperature, humidity, stimulate induction that fruit body is grown from micropore, thereby realize, the aspects such as fruiting position, fruiting time and fruiting output are controlled comparatively accurately.Micropore fruiting technology is different from that existing bag is planted and bottle is planted, and is a kind of brand-new Ways of fruiting, and its fruit body facility of gathering, will be more suitable for batch production, the automated production of edible mushroom.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to build a kind of edible mushroom grog culture technique platform.Main feature of the present invention be fruiting neat, gather conveniently, adopt rear fruit body and need not prune, save manpower; If coordinate again the corresponding machinery of gathering in the link of gathering, will make whole edible mushroom grog cultivation flow process realize mechanization, automated production.
Technological process of the present invention is: spice → charging → sterilizing → cooling → inoculation → send out bacterium → urge flower bud → fruiting → gather.It is characterized in that: various cultivation raw materials add the bacterial classification after fragmentation after adding suitable quantity of water to puddle evenly, mix thoroughly, and minute threading " edible mushroom cultivation container ", then moves into culturing room and send out bacterium; The container that covers with mycelia is placed on mushroom room through surface washing, and after urging flower bud, fruit body grows from the micropore of container, starts to gather after reaching standard; Then management, again fruiting after gathering.
Described spice, its method is: according to the formula rate of cultivated strains medium, take respectively the raw materials such as cotton seed hulls, wood chip, wheat bran, add suitable quantity of water, through spice machinery, stir.
Described charging is that the raw material being stirred is packed in " cultivating container ", and vessel surface is cleaned, and then with resistant to elevated temperatures electrostatic film, seals micropore.
Described sterilizing is carried out high-temp steam sterilizing by minute installing " cultivating container ".
Describedly coolingly by completing sterilizing " cultivating container ", move into cooling chamber and carry out coolingly, until container and composts or fertilisers of cultivating, be cooled to 26 ℃ and when following, can be moved into transfer room and inoculate.
Described inoculation is that the strain transfer preparing at the indoor handle of aseptic inoculation arrives on the culture matrix in " cultivating container ".
Described bacterium completes inoculation " cultivating container " immigration culturing room and carries out lucifuge cultivation, and temperature is controlled at 22 ℃～25 ℃.
Described to urge flower bud be to utilize natural environment or people for measure stimulates producing the mycelium of bacterial strain, promotes it to enter reproductive growth, and produce small mushroom bud.
Described fruiting has been to urge flower bud " cultivating container " grow mushroom flower bud and grow up gradually from micropore, until reach harvesting standard.
Described " edible mushroom cultivation container " is a kind of container that holds edible fungus culturing raw material and coated edible mushroom mycelium, container top (see in Fig. 1 1.) and shell (see in Fig. 1 2.), consists of; Container top forms (see figure 2) by lid and airstrainer; Shell, diameter 12～15cm, there is the micropore (see in Fig. 1 3.) of 5～12 diameter 1～3mm stack shell side.
Described gathering is that fruit body by reaching standard is taken from " cultivating container ".
Feature of the present invention is that the fruit body of institute's culturing edible fungus can grow and grow up by the micropore from " cultivating container " side, and the facility of gathering, is suitable for carrying out mechanization, automated production.
Accompanying drawing explanation:
Fig. 1 is edible mushroom cultivation container outside drawing; Fig. 2 is edible fungus cultivation container cover structural map.
Embodiment
specific embodiment one:the grog micropore cultivation of flat mushroom
The technological process of flat mushroom grog micropore cultivation is: a spice → charging → sterilizing → cooling → inoculation → bacterium → urge flower bud → fruiting → gather.
(1) spice
Culture medium prescription: cotton seed hulls 93%, wheat bran 5%, lime 2%, material-water ratio 1:1.2, pH nature.
After various raw materials are accurately weighed according to formula, enter blender and add gauge water to stir.
(2) charging
The medium of mixing is put in cultivating container, and vessel surface cleans up, and vessel surface sticks resistant to elevated temperatures electrostatic film and seals side micropore.
(3) sterilizing
Complete after charging, cultivating container is moved into bactericidal unit and carry out steam sterilizing.
(4) cooling
The container of the bacterium of having gone out is moved into cooling chamber, until container and composts or fertilisers of cultivating, be cooled to 26 ℃ and when following, then proceeded to transfer room and inoculate.
(5) inoculation
The bacterial classification preparing is transferred on the culture matrix in container under aseptic condition.
(6) send out bacterium
After having inoculated, then cultivating container is moved into and sends out bacterium chamber, lucifuge is cultivated, and temperature is controlled at 22 ℃～25 ℃.
(7) urge flower bud
To send out bacterium completely mushroom cultivation container through surface clean, move into mushroom producing room, the temperature in control room, humidity, illumination and ventilation etc., stimulate it to enter reproductive growth, and make it at micropore, produce mushroom flower bud gradually.
(8) fruiting
According to Strain type, control temperature, humidity, illumination and the ventilation condition in mushroom producing room, its fruit body is grown up gradually.
(9) gather
When growing into when medium well, mushroom carpophore can gather.
specific embodiment two:the grog micropore cultivation of Pleuotus nebrodensis Quel
The technological process of Pleuotus nebrodensis Quel grog micropore cultivation is: a spice → charging → sterilizing → cooling → inoculation → bacterium → urge flower bud → fruiting → gather.
(1) spice
Culture medium prescription: cotton seed hulls 75%, wood chip 15%, wheat bran 10%, material-water ratio 1:1.2, pH nature.
After various raw materials are accurately weighed according to formula, enter blender and add gauge water to stir.
(2) charging
The medium of mixing is put in cultivating container, and vessel surface cleans up, and vessel surface sticks resistant to elevated temperatures electrostatic film and seals side micropore.
(3) sterilizing
Complete after charging, cultivating container is moved into bactericidal unit and carry out steam sterilizing.
(4) cooling
The container of the bacterium of having gone out is moved into cooling chamber, until container and composts or fertilisers of cultivating, be cooled to 26 ℃ and when following, then proceeded to transfer room and inoculate.
(5) inoculation
The bacterial classification preparing is transferred on the culture matrix in container under aseptic condition.
(6) send out bacterium
After having inoculated, then cultivating container is moved into and sends out bacterium chamber, lucifuge is cultivated, and temperature is controlled at 22 ℃～25 ℃.
(7) urge flower bud
To send out bacterium completely Cultivation of Pleurotus nebrodensis container through surface clean, move into mushroom producing room, the temperature in control room, humidity, illumination and ventilation etc., stimulate it to enter reproductive growth, and make it at micropore, produce mushroom flower bud gradually.
(8) fruiting
According to Strain type, control temperature, humidity, illumination and the ventilation condition in mushroom producing room, its fruit body is grown up gradually.
(9) gather
When Pleurotus nebrodensis sporophore reaches harvesting standard, can gather.
specific embodiment three:the grog micropore cultivation of pink mushroom
The technological process of pink mushroom grog micropore cultivation is: a spice → charging → sterilizing → cooling → inoculation → bacterium → urge flower bud → fruiting → gather.
(1) spice
Culture medium prescription: cotton seed hulls 75%, wood chip 19%, wheat bran 5%, lime 1%, material-water ratio 1:1.2, pH nature.
After various raw materials are accurately weighed according to formula, enter blender and add gauge water to stir.
(2) charging
The medium of mixing is put in cultivating container, and vessel surface cleans up, and vessel surface sticks resistant to elevated temperatures electrostatic film and seals side micropore.
(3) sterilizing
Complete after charging, cultivating container is moved into bactericidal unit and carry out steam sterilizing.
(4) cooling
The container of the bacterium of having gone out is moved into cooling chamber, until container and composts or fertilisers of cultivating, be cooled to 26 ℃ and when following, then proceeded to transfer room and inoculate.
(5) inoculation
The bacterial classification preparing is transferred on the culture matrix in container under aseptic condition.
(6) send out bacterium
After having inoculated, then cultivating container is moved into and sends out bacterium chamber, lucifuge is cultivated, and temperature is controlled at 22 ℃～25 ℃.
(7) urge flower bud
To send out bacterium completely pink mushroom cultivating container through surface clean, move into mushroom producing room, the temperature in control room, humidity, illumination and ventilation etc., stimulate it to enter reproductive growth, and make it at micropore, produce mushroom flower bud gradually.
(8) fruiting
According to Strain type, control temperature, humidity, illumination and the ventilation condition in mushroom producing room, its fruit body is grown up gradually.
(9) gather
When pink massee fruiting bodies reaches harvesting standard, can gather.
Claims (3)
1. edible mushroom micropore grog culture technique, is characterized in that: the culture matrix being stirred, divide threading " edible mushroom cultivation container ", then move into culturing room and send out bacterium; The container that covers with mycelia is placed on mushroom room through surface washing, and after urging flower bud, fruit body grows from the micropore of container, starts to gather after reaching standard; Then management, again fruiting after gathering.
2. claimed in claim 1 to urge flower bud be that hypha of edible fungus covers with after rear whole container, moves into mushroom producing room, and the temperature in control room, humidity, illumination and ventilation, stimulates mycelium to proceed to reproductive growth, and induce mycelium to grow mushroom flower bud in micropore position.
3. micropore claimed in claim 1 is to be positioned at " edible mushroom cultivation container " cylindrical shell side, 5～12, micro-pore diameter 1～3mm.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114793751A (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2022-07-29 | 天津市农业科学院 | Oyster mushroom cultivation method |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1190672A (en) * | 1997-09-18 | 1998-08-19 | 高银录 | Method of high yield for edible fungus |
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2014
- 2014-03-27 CN CN201410118185.6A patent/CN103918476A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1190672A (en) * | 1997-09-18 | 1998-08-19 | 高银录 | Method of high yield for edible fungus |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 许修宏等: "微孔透气对平菇发菌的影响", 《北方园艺》 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114793751A (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2022-07-29 | 天津市农业科学院 | Oyster mushroom cultivation method |
| CN114793751B (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2023-12-22 | 天津市农业科学院 | Cultivation method of oyster mushrooms |
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Application publication date: 20140716 |