CN103878592A - 机床 - Google Patents

机床 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103878592A
CN103878592A CN201210554346.7A CN201210554346A CN103878592A CN 103878592 A CN103878592 A CN 103878592A CN 201210554346 A CN201210554346 A CN 201210554346A CN 103878592 A CN103878592 A CN 103878592A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
lathe
lathe tool
scraper
feed arrangement
along
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN201210554346.7A
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English (en)
Other versions
CN103878592B (zh
Inventor
杨明陆
张天恩
张卫川
贾见士
彭杨茂
瞿健
陈封华
徐振光
隋景双
庄大庆
李�杰
刘谊
俞建民
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fuding Electronic Technology Jiashan Co Ltd
Hongzhun Precision Tooling Kunshan Co Ltd
Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Fuding Electronic Technology Jiashan Co Ltd
Hongzhun Precision Tooling Kunshan Co Ltd
Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fuding Electronic Technology Jiashan Co Ltd, Hongzhun Precision Tooling Kunshan Co Ltd, Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd filed Critical Fuding Electronic Technology Jiashan Co Ltd
Priority to CN201210554346.7A priority Critical patent/CN103878592B/zh
Priority to TW101149928A priority patent/TWI485031B/zh
Priority to US14/070,717 priority patent/US9421651B2/en
Priority to EP13197295.2A priority patent/EP2745959B1/en
Priority to JP2013257976A priority patent/JP6109055B2/ja
Publication of CN103878592A publication Critical patent/CN103878592A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN103878592B publication Critical patent/CN103878592B/zh
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P23/00—Machines or arrangements of machines for performing specified combinations of different metal-working operations not covered by a single other subclass
    • B23P23/02—Machine tools for performing different machining operations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B3/00—General-purpose turning-machines or devices, e.g. centre lathes with feed rod and lead screw; Sets of turning-machines
    • B23B3/06—Turning-machines or devices characterised only by the special arrangement of constructional units
    • B23B3/065—Arrangements for performing other machining operations, e.g. milling, drilling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B5/00—Turning-machines or devices specially adapted for particular work; Accessories specially adapted therefor
    • B23B5/36—Turning-machines or devices specially adapted for particular work; Accessories specially adapted therefor for turning specially-shaped surfaces by making use of relative movement of the tool and work produced by geometrical mechanisms, i.e. forming-lathes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D11/00—Planing or slotting devices able to be attached to a machine tool, whether or not replacing an operative portion of the machine tool
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D7/00—Planing or slotting machines characterised only by constructional features of particular parts
    • B23D7/02—Planing or slotting machines characterised only by constructional features of particular parts of frames; of work-table beds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D7/00—Planing or slotting machines characterised only by constructional features of particular parts
    • B23D7/04—Planing or slotting machines characterised only by constructional features of particular parts of pillars, of cross-beams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D7/00—Planing or slotting machines characterised only by constructional features of particular parts
    • B23D7/06—Planing or slotting machines characterised only by constructional features of particular parts of tool-carrying arrangements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D79/00—Methods, machines, or devices not covered elsewhere, for working metal by removal of material
    • B23D79/02—Machines or devices for scraping
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/01—Frames, beds, pillars or like members; Arrangement of ways
    • B23Q1/012—Portals
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/01—Frames, beds, pillars or like members; Arrangement of ways
    • B23Q1/017—Arrangements of ways
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
    • B23Q1/26—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports characterised by constructional features relating to the co-operation of relatively movable members; Means for preventing relative movement of such members
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q39/00—Metal-working machines incorporating a plurality of sub-assemblies, each capable of performing a metal-working operation
    • B23Q39/02—Metal-working machines incorporating a plurality of sub-assemblies, each capable of performing a metal-working operation the sub-assemblies being capable of being brought to act at a single operating station
    • B23Q39/021—Metal-working machines incorporating a plurality of sub-assemblies, each capable of performing a metal-working operation the sub-assemblies being capable of being brought to act at a single operating station with a plurality of toolheads per workholder, whereby the toolhead is a main spindle, a multispindle, a revolver or the like
    • B23Q39/022—Metal-working machines incorporating a plurality of sub-assemblies, each capable of performing a metal-working operation the sub-assemblies being capable of being brought to act at a single operating station with a plurality of toolheads per workholder, whereby the toolhead is a main spindle, a multispindle, a revolver or the like with same working direction of toolheads on same workholder
    • B23Q39/024—Metal-working machines incorporating a plurality of sub-assemblies, each capable of performing a metal-working operation the sub-assemblies being capable of being brought to act at a single operating station with a plurality of toolheads per workholder, whereby the toolhead is a main spindle, a multispindle, a revolver or the like with same working direction of toolheads on same workholder consecutive working of toolheads
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q5/00—Driving or feeding mechanisms; Control arrangements therefor
    • B23Q5/22—Feeding members carrying tools or work
    • B23Q5/34—Feeding other members supporting tools or work, e.g. saddles, tool-slides, through mechanical transmission
    • B23Q5/38—Feeding other members supporting tools or work, e.g. saddles, tool-slides, through mechanical transmission feeding continuously
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q5/00—Driving or feeding mechanisms; Control arrangements therefor
    • B23Q5/22—Feeding members carrying tools or work
    • B23Q5/34—Feeding other members supporting tools or work, e.g. saddles, tool-slides, through mechanical transmission
    • B23Q5/38—Feeding other members supporting tools or work, e.g. saddles, tool-slides, through mechanical transmission feeding continuously
    • B23Q5/40—Feeding other members supporting tools or work, e.g. saddles, tool-slides, through mechanical transmission feeding continuously by feed shaft, e.g. lead screw
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B3/00—General-purpose turning-machines or devices, e.g. centre lathes with feed rod and lead screw; Sets of turning-machines
    • B23B3/08—Turning-machines characterised by the use of faceplates
    • B23B3/10—Turning-machines characterised by the use of faceplates with the faceplate horizontal, i.e. vertical boring and turning machines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D1/00—Planing or slotting machines cutting by relative movement of the tool and workpiece in a horizontal straight line only
    • B23D1/08—Planing or slotting machines cutting by relative movement of the tool and workpiece in a horizontal straight line only by movement of the tool
    • B23D1/10—Planing or slotting machines cutting by relative movement of the tool and workpiece in a horizontal straight line only by movement of the tool with means for adjusting the tool-guide vertically
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D5/00—Planing or slotting machines cutting otherwise than by relative movement of the tool and workpiece in a straight line
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D7/00—Planing or slotting machines characterised only by constructional features of particular parts
    • B23D7/08—Planing or slotting machines characterised only by constructional features of particular parts of work-tables
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
    • B23Q1/44—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms
    • B23Q1/50—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with rotating pairs only, the rotating pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism
    • B23Q1/54—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with rotating pairs only, the rotating pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two rotating pairs only
    • B23Q1/5406—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with rotating pairs only, the rotating pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two rotating pairs only a single rotating pair followed perpendicularly by a single rotating pair
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
    • B23Q1/44—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms
    • B23Q1/56—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism
    • B23Q1/60—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism
    • B23Q1/62—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism with perpendicular axes, e.g. cross-slides
    • B23Q1/621—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism with perpendicular axes, e.g. cross-slides a single sliding pair followed perpendicularly by a single sliding pair
    • B23Q1/626—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism with perpendicular axes, e.g. cross-slides a single sliding pair followed perpendicularly by a single sliding pair followed perpendicularly by a single sliding pair
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q39/00—Metal-working machines incorporating a plurality of sub-assemblies, each capable of performing a metal-working operation
    • B23Q2039/008—Machines of the lathe type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q2220/00—Machine tool components
    • B23Q2220/004—Rotary tables
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q2230/00—Special operations in a machine tool
    • B23Q2230/004—Using a cutting tool reciprocating at high speeds, e.g. "fast tool"
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q2701/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of the machine
    • B23Q2701/01—Frames or slideways for lathes; Frames for boring machines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q2701/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of the machine
    • B23Q2701/02—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports for milling machines, their drive, control or guiding
    • B23Q2701/025—Work-tables rotating around an axis vertical to the surface of the table; this kind of table comprising a divider, indexer or positioning means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
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    • B23Q2705/10—Feeding members carrying tools or work
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
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    • B23Q2705/10—Feeding members carrying tools or work
    • B23Q2705/102—Feeding members carrying tools or work for lathes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
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    • B23Q2705/10—Feeding members carrying tools or work
    • B23Q2705/106—Feeding members carrying tools or work for planing machines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
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    • B23Q2705/14—Electric drives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • B23Q5/00—Driving or feeding mechanisms; Control arrangements therefor
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    • B23Q5/28—Electric drives
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/51—Plural diverse manufacturing apparatus including means for metal shaping or assembling
    • Y10T29/5104—Type of machine
    • Y10T29/5109—Lathe
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
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    • Y10T29/5104—Type of machine
    • Y10T29/5109—Lathe
    • Y10T29/5114—Lathe and tool
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/51—Plural diverse manufacturing apparatus including means for metal shaping or assembling
    • Y10T29/5104—Type of machine
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/51—Plural diverse manufacturing apparatus including means for metal shaping or assembling
    • Y10T29/5176—Plural diverse manufacturing apparatus including means for metal shaping or assembling including machining means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
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Abstract

一种机床，其包括机台、工作台、移动装置及车刀进给装置，工作台装设于机台上，移动装置沿第一方向滑动地装设于该机台上并位于工作台的上方。车刀进给装置沿与第一方向垂直的第二方向滑动地装设于移动装置上，车刀进给装置包括车刀进给模组及车刀，车刀在移动装置的带动下沿第一方向及第二方向运动，并由车刀进给模组驱动沿与第一方向及第二方向均垂直的第三方向作往复运动。机床还包括刮刀进给装置，刮刀进给装置邻近车刀进给装置装设于该移动装置上。刮刀进给装置包括有刮刀，移动装置能够驱动刮刀沿第一方向及第二方向运动，刮刀进给装置能够驱动刮刀沿第三方向运动并绕平行于第三方向的轴线转动。本发明所提供的机床能够进行车刮复合加工。

Description

机床
技术领域
本发明涉及一种机床，特别涉及一种能够进行车刮复合加工的机床。
背景技术
一些电子装置的壳体，如平板电脑、手机的壳体，通常包括顶部区域及与顶部区域相接的边缘区域。顶部区域通常面积较大，且为具有非回转特征的的平面或曲面，而边缘区域相对顶部区域面积较小且具有拐角。由于传统的铣刀为非连续性铣削，因此面积相对较大的顶部区域若用铣刀铣削，则顶部区域很难达到所要求的表面光洁度。因此，工件需进行抛光等后续处理，降低了加工效率。而传统的车刀通常用于车削具有回转特征的工件，且其难以加工具有拐角的边缘区域。
发明内容
鉴于上述状况，有必要提供一种能够提高加工效率及提高表面光洁度的机床。
一种机床，其包括机台、工作台、移动装置及车刀进给装置，该工作台装设于机台上，该移动装置沿第一方向滑动地装设于该机台上并位于该工作台的上方。该车刀进给装置沿与第一方向垂直的第二方向滑动地装设于该移动装置上，该车刀进给装置包括车刀进给模组及车刀，该车刀在该移动装置的带动下沿第一方向及第二方向运动，该车刀进给模组驱动该车刀沿与第一方向及第二方向均垂直的第三方向作往复运动，该机床还包括装设于该移动装置上且邻近该车刀进给装置的刮刀进给装置，该刮刀进给装置包括有刮刀，该移动装置能够驱动该刮刀沿第一方向及第二方向运动，该刮刀进给装置能够驱动该刮刀沿第三方向运动并绕平行第三方向的轴线进行转动。
本发明提供的机床，其车刀进给装置驱动车刀沿平行于第三方向作高速往复进给运动，进而加工出工件的顶部区域。由于车刀为连续性加工，其不需再进行抛光等后续处理即可达到所要求的表面光洁度。在进行车削后，不需重新松夹、装夹，刮刀进给装置即可快速刮削出具有拐角的边缘区域，提高了加工效率。
附图说明
图1是本发明第一实施方式的机床的立体示意图。
图2是图1所示的机床的立体分解示意图。
图3是车刀进给装置与刮刀进给装置的立体分解示意图。
图4是图3所示的车刀进给装置的立体分解示意图。
图5是经由图1所示机床加工出的具有非回转曲面的工件的立体示意图。
图6是图5所示工件沿Ⅵ-Ⅵ线的剖视图。
图7是本发明第二实施方式的机床作业示意图。
主要元件符号说明
机床 100
机台 10
基座 11
支撑体 13
第一滑轨 131
工作台 20
座体 21
第一旋转驱动件 23
转轴 25
第二旋转驱动件 27、27a
支撑件 23
移动装置 30
横梁 31、31a
第二滑轨 311
滑动座 33
第一驱动机构 35
第二驱动机构 37
车刀进给装置 40
安装座 43、43a
框体 431
导向部 4317、4319
滑槽 4318
安装板 433
车刀进给模组 47
动子 471
定子 473
刀座 45
主体 451
滑动板 453
车刀 49、49a
刮刀进给装置 50
固定座 51
线性驱动机构 53
驱动件 531
丝杆 533
丝杆螺母 535
连接板 54
固定座 55
装设座 56
转动驱动件 57
刮刀 59
如下具体实施方式将结合上述附图进一步说明本发明。
具体实施方式
请参阅图1及图2，本发明第一实施方式的机床100用于给工件300(如图5所示)进行金属加工。机床100包括机台10、工作台20、移动装置30、车刀进给装置40、刮刀进给装置50及控制器（图未示）。工作台20装设于机台10上，用于放置工件（图未示）。移动装置30移动地装设于机台10上并位于工作台20的上方，车刀进给装置40与刮刀进给装置50相邻装设于移动装置30上。控制器（图未示）与工作台20、移动装置30、车刀进给装置40及刮刀进给装置50均电性相接。移动装置30依控制器的指令能够带动车刀进给装置40及刮刀进给装置50沿着X/Y轴方向运动，即沿着相互垂直的第一方向与第二方向运动。
机台10包括基座11及平行间隔凸设于基座11上的两个支撑体13。每个支撑体13远离基座11的一面设置有第一滑轨131。在本实施例中，第一滑轨131沿着平行X轴的方向延伸。
工作台20包括两个座体21、第一旋转驱动件23、转轴25及第二旋转驱动件27。两个座体21大致平行间隔设置于基座11的大致中部位置，并位于两个支撑体13之间。第一旋转驱动件23装设于其中一个座体21上，转轴25连接于第一旋转驱动件23与另一个座体21之间。第一旋转驱动件23能够驱动转轴25绕α轴转动。第二旋转驱动件27设置于转轴25的大致中部位置处，用于驱动放置于其上的工件绕β轴转动。其中，α轴平行Y轴方向，β轴与Z轴（第三方向）方向平行。第一、第二旋转驱动件23、27都与控制器电性相接。本实施方式中，第一、第二旋转驱动件23、27为直接驱动电机。
移动装置30滑动地装设于两个支撑体13上，并与两个支撑体13垂直相接，且位于工作台20的上方。移动装置30包括一个横梁31、两个滑动座33、两个第一驱动机构35及一个第二驱动机构37。横梁31两端分别与两个支撑体13滑动相接，且横梁31的延伸方向与Y轴平行。横梁31上形成有一对相互平行的第二滑轨311，第二滑轨311沿着Y轴方向延伸。两个滑动座33分别装设于横梁31的两端，并分别与两个支撑体13上的第一滑轨131滑动相接。两个第一驱动机构35分别装设于两个滑动座33朝向支撑体13的一面及支撑体13上，用于驱动横梁31沿第一滑轨131作沿X轴方向的运动。第二驱动机构37装设于横梁31上，用于驱动车刀进给装置40及刮刀进给装置50沿第二滑轨311作Y轴方向的运动。第一驱动机构35及第二驱动机构37均与控制器电性相接。本实施方式中，第一驱动机构35、第二驱动机构37均为直线电机。可以理解，第一驱动机构35、第二驱动机构37也可以用其它的驱动机构替代，伺服马达、气缸等；第一驱动机构35、第二驱动机构37的数量根据实际需要进行设定。
请结合参阅图3至图4，车刀进给装置40包括一个滑鞍41、一个安装座43、一个刀座45、两个车刀进给模组47及一个车刀49。滑鞍41滑动装设于横梁31的两个第二滑轨311上，并在第二驱动机构37的驱动下带动整个车刀进给装置40及刮刀进给装置50沿Y轴方向运动。滑鞍41背离横梁31的一面上，沿Z轴方向设有四个导轨413。四个导轨413两两为一组间隔设置。滑鞍41邻近基座11的一端，于两组导轨415之间，凸设有装设块415。安装座43邻近导轨413固定装设于滑鞍41上，安装座43包括一个两侧开口的框体431及两个安装板433。框体431邻近滑鞍41的侧壁的内表面上沿Z轴方向间隔凸设形成有两个导向部4317。框体431远离滑鞍41的侧壁的外表面上对应导向部4317形成滑槽4318，滑槽4318的两侧凸设形成有两个导向部4319。两个安装板433装设于框体431两侧，以从两侧将框体431封闭。刀座45包括主体451及大致垂直凸设于主体451上的滑动板453。主体451设置于安装座43的外侧。主体451朝向安装座43对应导向部4319形成有与导向部4319滑动相接的滑动部4511。滑动板453凸设于主体451上，其远离主体451的一端穿过从滑槽4318伸入框体431滑动地装设于两个导向部4317上。
两个车刀进给模组47收容并装设于安装座43内，且与控制器电性相接。两个车刀进给模组47用以驱动刀座45沿导向部4317、4319沿Z轴方向高速往复运动。在本实施方式中，两个车刀进给模组471均为直线电机。每个车刀进给模组47包括一个动子471及一个定子473。两个动子471分别装设于两个安装板433朝向框体431内部的侧壁上。可以理解，车刀进给模组47中的数量可以根据实际需要进行设置，如可以设置一个、三个等等。车刀49固定装设于主体451邻近基座11的一端，用于给工件进行车削加工。
刮刀进给装置50包括线性驱动机构53、固定座55、装设座56、转动驱动件57及刮刀59。线性驱动机构53包括驱动件531、丝杆533及丝杆螺母535。驱动件531固定装设于滑鞍41上，并位于横梁31的上方，丝杆533转动连接于驱动件531与装设块415之间。丝杆螺母535套设于丝杆533上并与丝杆533螺纹配合。连接板54与丝杆螺母535固定相接，并与滑鞍41上的导轨413滑动相接。固定座55固定装设于连接板54邻近基座11的一端，装设座56相对固定座55装设于连接板54的另一端。转动驱动件57穿设于固定座55与装设座56上，并与固定座55固定相接。固定装设于连接板54背离丝杆533的一面。刮刀59装设于转动驱动件57邻近基座11的一端。驱动件531能够驱动丝杆533转动，进而带动连接板54、转动驱动件57及刮刀59沿导轨413作平行于Z轴方向的运动。转动驱动件57能够驱动刮刀59绕平行Z轴方向的轴线转动。刮刀59可随滑鞍41进行X/Y方向的运动，并在线性驱动机构53的驱动下沿Z方向运动。
组装时，先将工作台20装设于两个支撑体13之间；再将横梁31组装于两个支撑体13上；后将第一驱动机构35装设于滑动座31及支撑体13上，将第二驱动机构37装设于横梁31上；随后，将车刀进给装置40及刮刀进给装置50装设于横梁31上，且与控制器相接。
请参阅图5与图6，工件300为平板电脑或手机的壳体，其大致为矩形块状。工件300包括一个顶部区域301及由顶部区域301的边缘延伸弯折形成的边缘区域303。顶部区域301的面积较大。本实施方式中，顶部区域301为非回转曲面。边缘区域303远离顶部区域301部分大致为平面，其具有四个拐角3031。
使用时，将工件300放置于工作台20上，控制器控制第一驱动机构35驱动移动装置30在第一滑轨131上沿X轴运动，并控制第二驱动机构37驱动移动装置30沿Y轴方向运动，以使车刀49移动至初始加工位置。然后，第二旋转驱动件27带动工件300绕Π轴转动，同时车刀进给模组471驱动车刀49沿Z轴方向作高速往复运动。其中，车刀49往复运动的幅度及速度，以及第二旋转驱动件27的转速均依据工件300加工部位所需切削量进行程序设定，以加工出工件300的顶部区域301。车刀49的平面运动轨迹大致呈螺旋状。车刀49加工完成后，车刀进给装置40停止工作。
第二驱动机构37驱动滑鞍41移动，使刮刀进给装置50到达工件300上方。线性驱动机构53驱动刮刀59沿导轨413向下运动到达一预设位置。移动装置300驱动刮刀59绕工件300沿特定路线绕边缘运动，以对边缘刮削加工。当对工件300的某一边缘刮削完成后，即到达工件300的一拐角3031处时，转动驱动件57带动刮刀59转动适宜角度，以使刮刀59对工件300的下一边缘进行高速直线刮削加工。当工件300完成刮削加工后，线性驱动机构53驱动刮刀59上升，移动装置30回到初始位置，从工作台20上取出工件300即可。另外，若需对工件300某一特定位置进行加工时，可先将转轴25带动工件300绕α轴转动一定角度，第二旋转驱动件27驱动工件300绕β轴转动，使工件300呈特定位置摆放。
本发明提供的机床100，包括车刀进给装置40及刮刀进给装置50。由于车刀进给装置40的车刀49沿Z方向高速往复运动实现加工出工件300的顶部区域301，且为连续性加工，其不需再进行抛光等后续处理即可达到所要求的表面光洁度。刮刀进给装置50的刮刀59在移动装置30的带动沿工件300的边缘移动，且转动驱动件57在工件300的拐角处转动一定角度，以使刮刀59一直进行高速直线刮削加工，进而提高了加工效率且保证了加工精度。机100对工件300的加工过程中，不需多次松夹、装夹，从而提高了定位精度、加工效率及加工良率。由于移动装置30能够带动车刀进给装置40及刮刀进给装置50进行X/Y轴方向的运动，车刀进给装置40及刮刀进给装置50自身能够沿平行于Z轴方向的运动，而工作台20能够驱动工件300绕β轴及α轴的转动，更进一步方便加工，提高了加工效率。
可以理解，机床100可进行单独车削加工或刮削加工。车刀进给装置40不仅可加工出工件300的顶部区域301，也可车削其它类型的工件。刮刀进给装置50不仅可加工出工件300的边缘区域303，也可刮削工件300的孔、槽等结构并进行倒角等操作。
可以理解，车刀进给装置40可以省略滑鞍41、安装座43及刀座45，车刀进给模组47可由其它能够进行高速往复运动的驱动机构替代，此时直接将车刀进给模组47滑动设置在横梁31的第二滑轨311上，车刀进给模组47可直接驱动车刀49沿Z轴方向作能够控制地高速往复运动。
可以理解，刮刀进给装置50可不安装于滑鞍41上，而单独设置一个滑板，该滑板装设于横梁31的第二滑轨311上，并将刮刀进给装置50滑动装设于该滑板上，以可以分别对车刀进给装置40及刮刀进给装置50在横梁31上的运动进行控制。
可以理解，线性驱动机构53中的驱动件531及丝杆533可由其它的驱动机构代替，如可进行直线运动的气缸，将该气缸滑动装设于该第二滑轨311上，再将转动驱动件57固定于该气缸的驱动轴上，对应地刮刀进给装置50可省略连接板54。
可以理解，工作台20可以直接由一个旋转驱动件设置于基座11上，只绕β轴转动。
可以理解，工作台20还可以设置成多轴工作台，以可以带动工件200多轴转动，从而方便对工件300进行多工位加工。
如图7，本发明第二实施方式中的机床与第一实施方式中的机床100结构相似，不同在于车刀进给装置（图未示）还包括一个邻近线性驱动机构（图未示）固定装设于滑鞍41a上的车刀驱动机构（图未示）。滑鞍41a滑动装设于横梁31a上，安装座43a与滑鞍41a为滑动相接。车刀驱动机构驱动安装座43a带动刀座及车刀49a沿平行于Z轴的Z1方向运动，从而使车刀进给装置40能够于Z1方向直接进行定位，以满足对多种型号工件300的加工。工件300定位于转动设置于转轴（图未示）上的第二旋转驱动件27a上。
另外，本领域技术人员还可在本发明精神内做其它变化，当然，这些依据本发明精神所做的变化，都应包含在本发明所要求保护的范围内。

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1.一种机床，其包括机台、工作台、移动装置及车刀进给装置，该工作台装设于机台上，该移动装置沿第一方向滑动地装设于该机台上并位于该工作台的上方，其特征在于：该车刀进给装置沿与第一方向垂直的第二方向滑动地装设于该移动装置上，该车刀进给装置包括车刀进给模组及车刀，该车刀在该移动装置的带动下沿第一方向及第二方向运动，该车刀进给模组驱动该车刀沿与第一方向及第二方向均垂直的第三方向作往复运动，该机床还包括装设于该移动装置上且邻近该车刀进给装置的刮刀进给装置，该刮刀进给装置包括有刮刀，该移动装置能够驱动该刮刀沿第一方向及第二方向运动，该刮刀进给装置能够驱动该刮刀沿第三方向运动并绕平行第三方向的轴线进行转动。
2.如权利要求1所述的机床，其特征在于：该车刀进给装置还包括滑鞍及安装座，该滑鞍沿第二方向滑动装设于该移动装置上，该安装座与该滑鞍固定相接，该车刀进给模组及车刀装设于该安装座上；该刮刀进给装置邻近该安装座滑动装设于该滑鞍上，以能够沿第三方向运动。
3.如权利要求2所述的机床，其特征在于：该刮刀进给装置包括线性驱动机构及转动驱动件，该线性驱动机构装设于该滑鞍上，该转动驱动件能够驱动该刮刀转动，该线性驱动机构能够驱动该转动驱动件及刮刀沿第三方向运动。
4.如权利要求3所述的机床，其特征在于：该线性驱动机构包括驱动件、丝杆及丝杆螺母，该驱动件固定装设于该滑鞍上，该刮刀进给装置还包括连接板，该滑鞍上凸设有装设块，该丝杆转动连接于该驱动件及该装设块之间，该丝杆螺母套设于该丝杆上并与该丝杆螺纹配合，该连接板与该丝杆螺母固定连接，该转动驱动件固定装设于该连接板上。
5.如权利要求3所述的机床，其特征在于：该滑鞍上沿第三方向设有导轨，该连接板与该导轨滑动相接。
6.如权利要求2所述的机床，其特征在于：该车刀进给装置还包括刀座，该安装座沿第三方向设有导向部，该刀座与该导向部滑动相接，该车刀通过该刀座与该安装座相接。
7.如权利要求6所述的机床，其特征在于：该刀座包括主体及凸设于该主体上的滑动板，该滑动板远离该主体一端伸入该安装座并与该导向部滑动相接，该主体设置于该安装座外侧并与该车刀固定相接。
8.如权利要求7所述的机床，其特征在于：该车刀进给模组包括一个动子及一个定子，该动子装设于该安装座上，该定子与该滑动板固定相接。
9.如权利要求1所述的机床，其特征在于：该工作台能够绕平行于第三方向的轴线转动。
10.如权利要求9所述的机床，其特征在于：该工作台包括两个座体、第一旋转驱动件、转轴及第二旋转驱动件，该第一旋转驱动件装设于其中一个座体上，该转轴连接于该第一旋转驱动件与另一个座体之间，该第二旋转驱动件装设于该转轴上，该第二旋转驱动件能够绕平行于第三方向的轴线转动，该第一旋转驱动件能够驱动该转轴绕平行于第二方向的轴线转动。
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