CN103876160A - 食品或保健品用低毒性微量元素化合物稀释料的生产方法 - Google Patents
食品或保健品用低毒性微量元素化合物稀释料的生产方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种食品或保健品用低毒性微量元素化合物稀释料的生产方法，其创新点在于：该方法是在乳化地槽中加入工艺水，按比例依次加入食品级微量元素化合物和食品级多糖类化合物，常温乳化搅拌15～20分钟，经喷雾干燥处理得到均匀的微量元素稀释料半成品，再与食品级矿物质和食品级配料按照一定的比例混合得到不同型号的复配营养强化剂。本发明中采用多糖类化合物为载体进行喷雾，可大大改善产品流动性，调节产品堆密度，使得能够与配料更好的混合均匀，且相较于普通干法混合，该法混合更均匀，这样能更好的避免出现混合不均分布而带来风险；同时添加多糖类化合物和食品级配料，能降低终产品的毒性，保证食品的安全性。另一方面，在喷雾工序中添加了食品级矿物质，亦可调节产品的堆密度，丰富矿物质营养多样性的补充。本发明工艺简单，易操作。
Description
技术领域
本发明公开了一种微量元素化合物的生产方法，尤其涉及一种食品或保健品用低毒性微量元素化合物稀释料的生产方法。
背景技术
社会现代化的发展及人们生活方式的改变也影响到人体内微量元素的平衡，并导致许多疾 病，如婴儿母乳喂养不足引起某些微量元素缺乏，使生长发育异常并易患疾病；食物加工过于精细会丢失某些微量元素，从而导致饮食中微量元素的缺乏；饮食过于单调使体内微量元素失衡引起疾病；由于铝制品炊具的广泛应用使人体内铝元素的过剩，导致微量元素的失衡，可引起老年性痴呆等。
钼是人体必需的微量元素，钼缺乏主要见于遗传性钼代谢缺陷，尚有报道全肠道外营养时发生钼不足者。钼不足可表现为生长发育迟缓甚至死亡，尿中尿酸、黄嘌呤、次黄嘌呤排泄增加。
铬也是一种人体必需的微量元素，它在维持人体健康方面起关键作用。活性铬能协助或增强胰岛素的功能，若体内活性铬（GTF）不足时胰岛素生物效能降低。糖尿病人由于糖代谢的紊乱，会引起体内电解质代谢紊乱，使排出的铬增加。糖尿病人还存在将铬转化成活性铬的能力降低及对铬的利用率较差的问题，所以正常的饮食铬已满足不了糖尿病人身体的需求，要额外补铬。
硒也是人体必需的微量元素。中国营养学会也将硒列为人体必需的15种营养素之一，国内外大量临床实验证明，人体缺硒可引起某些重要器官的功能失调，导致许多严重疾病发生，全世界40多个国家处于缺硒地区，中国22个省份的几亿人口都处于缺硒或低硒地带，这些地区的人口肿瘤、肝病、心血管疾病等发病率很高。研究表明，低硒或缺硒人群通过适量补硒不但能够预防肿瘤、肝病等的发生，而且可以提高机体免疫能力，维护心、肝、肺、胃等重要器官正常功能，预防老年性心、脑血管疾病的发生。
镍是近年来发现的一种人体必需微量元素。镍主要由呼吸道吸收，金属镍不易从消化道吸收，皮肤也不吸收。正常人血清镍含量为0.026 mg/L，头发含镍量为0.64 mg/g±0.44 mg/g，尿中镍平均为4μg/L。正常成年人体内含镍量约6-10mg，主要分布于肾、肺、脑、脊髓、软骨、结缔组织，皮肤等部位。镍主要从糞、尿及汗排出。国际卫生组织指出，成人镍摄取0.4mg/d，即可满足生理需要。镍具有刺激血液生长的作用，能促进红细胞再生。在人体内缺铜时，镍的生理活性会充分发挥，又不影响人体内铜的生理活性。补充适量的镍可使红细胞、白细胞及血红蛋白的生成增多。患有各种贫血及肝硬化的病人血中镍均降低，镍有刺激生血功能的作用。治疗贫血有的曾用过硫酸镍和溴化镍。镍可以激活肽酶，镍还可能是胰岛素分子中的一种成分，相当于胰岛素的辅酶，动物实验证明，添加小量镍的胰岛素，有增强胰岛素降低血糖的作用。缺镍可使肝细胞中的固缩核和线粒体发生肿胀，超微结构发生异常。还有研究证明，镍在维持大分子结构稳定性、膜稳定性和细胞的超微结构方面有重要作用。
锰早已被列为对人体及动植物所必需的微量元素之一。锰参与多种酶的合成与激活,促进细胞内脂肪氧化,减少肝脏内脂肪含量,激活多糖聚合酶,加快蛋白质和维生素C、B合成，催化造血功能;还参与中枢神经激素的传递,也是一些金属酶的组成部分,提高免疫功能。锰还参与遗传信息传递及甲状腺分泌。锰是对心、脑血管有益的微量元素,具有驱脂作用,加速细胞内脂肪氧化,能有效改善动脉粥样硬化患者的脂质代谢,并能减少肝脏内脂肪堆积,有利于保护心、脑血管。锰作为某些代谢酶的组成部分或酶的激活剂,参与机体许多生化反应。
铜是人体健康不可缺少的微量营养素，是人体内血蓝蛋白的组成元素，对于血液、中枢神经和免疫系统，头发、皮肤和骨骼组织以及脑子和肝、心等内脏的发育和功能有重要影响。铜主要从日常饮食中摄入。世界卫生组织建议，为了维持健康，成人每公斤体重每天应摄入0.03毫克铜。孕妇和婴幼儿应加倍。缺铜会引起各种疾病，可以服用含铜补剂和药丸来加以补充。铜在人体内含量约100～150mg，血清铜正常值100～120μg/dl，是人体中含量位居第二的必需微量元素。铜对血红蛋白的形成起活化作用，促进铁的吸收和利用，在传递电子、弹性蛋白的合成、结缔组织的代谢、嘌呤代谢、磷脂及神经组织形成方面有重要意义。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种食品或保健品用低毒性微量元素化合物稀释料的生产方法，丰富了矿物质营养的同时降低了最终产品的毒性，保证食品的安全性。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的技术方案为：食品或保健品用低毒性微量元素化合物稀释料的生产方法，其创新点在于：该方法是在乳化地槽中加工艺水，按照比例依次加入食品级微量元素化合物和食品级多糖类化合物，常温乳化搅拌15-20分钟，经喷雾干燥处理得到均匀的微量元素稀释料半成品，再与食品级矿物质和食品级配料按照一定的比例混合得到不同型号的复配营养强化剂。
进一步的，所述微量元素化合物为铬、钼、硒、铜、镍、锰、碘元素的钠盐、钾盐、氯化物或硫酸盐。
进一步的，食品级亚硒酸盐和食品配料多糖类化合物的质量百分比为0.05%～20%:80～99.95%。
进一步的，所述的多糖类化合物为麦芽糊精或纤维素或菊粉中的一种。
进一步的，所述微量元素化合物稀释料半成品、食品级矿物质和食品级配料的质量百分比为1～99%:1～99%:1～99%。
进一步的，所述的食品级矿物质为碳酸钙或焦磷酸铁或柠檬酸锌中的一种。
进一步的，所述的食品级配料包括柠檬酸及其盐、抗坏血酸及其盐、苹果酸及其盐或乳酸及其盐中的一种或几种。
进一步的，所述喷雾干燥的进风温度为160～200℃，出风温度为85～105℃。
进一步的，所述低毒性微量元素化合物稀释料用于调制乳粉、大米及其制品、小麦粉及其制品、杂粮粉及其制品、面包、饼干、含乳饮料、婴儿配方食品、较大婴儿和幼儿配方食品、特殊医学用途婴儿配方食品。
本发明的有益效果：本工艺中采用多糖类化合物为载体进行喷雾，可大大改善产品流动性，调节产品堆密度，使得能够与配料更好的混合均匀，且相较于普通干法混合，该法混合更均匀，这样能更好的避免出现混合不均分布而带来风险；同时添加多糖类化合物和食品级配料，能降低终产品的毒性，保证食品的安全性。另一方面，在喷雾工序中添加了食品级矿物质，亦可调节产品的堆密度，丰富矿物质营养多样性的补充。本发明工艺简单，易操作。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明的技术方案作详细说明。
实施例1
在1000L乳化地槽中加工艺水600L，将4.5kg食品级亚硒酸钠和99.5kg麦芽糊精常温乳化混合20分钟，经喷雾干燥处理得到均匀的微量元素化合物稀释料半成品，喷雾干燥的进风温度180℃，出风温度95℃，然后再与80.0kg碳酸钙和20.0kg柠檬酸钠混合得到A型号的复合亚硒酸钠200.1kg。
终产品通过急性经口毒性试验检验，其LD50为907mg/kg，而纯品亚硒酸钠LD50为7mg/kg，即2%普通亚硒酸钠LD50为350mg/kg，相较于普通亚硒酸钠产品，该产品毒性降低了两倍多，且经检定为普通货物，不属于剧毒化学品范畴。
实施例2
在1000L乳化地槽中加工艺水600L，将5.0kg食品级钼酸钠（二水品）和98.0kg纤维素常温乳化混合20分钟，经喷雾干燥处理得到均匀的微量元素化合物稀释料半成品，喷雾干燥的进风温度180℃，出风温度95℃，然后再与216.7kg焦磷酸铁和16.7kg维生素C钠混合得到B型号的复合钼酸钠335.8kg。
实施例3
在1000L乳化地槽中加工艺水600L，将5.1kg食品级氯化铬（六水品）和99.0kg菊粉常温乳化混合20分钟，经喷雾干燥处理得到均匀的微量元素化合物稀释料半成品，喷雾干燥的进风温度180℃，出风温度95℃，然后再与18.8kg柠檬酸锌6.3kg苹果酸钠混合得到C型号的复合氯化铬128.9kg。
实施例4
在1000L乳化地槽中加工艺水600L，将4.5kg食品级硫酸镍（六水品）和99.0kg菊粉常温乳化混合20分钟，经喷雾干燥处理得到均匀的微量元素化合物稀释料半成品，喷雾干燥的进风温度180℃，出风温度95℃，然后再与18.8kg柠檬酸锌6.3kg乳酸钠混合得到C型号的复合硫酸镍128.1kg。
实施例5
在1000L乳化地槽中加工艺水600L，将7.2kg食品级氯化锰（四水品）和98.0kg纤维素常温乳化混合20分钟，经喷雾干燥处理得到均匀的微量元素化合物稀释料半成品，喷雾干燥的进风温度180℃，出风温度95℃，然后再与216.7kg焦磷酸铁和16.7kg维生素C钠混合得到B型号的复合氯化锰338.2kg。
实施例6
在1000L乳化地槽中加工艺水600L，将2.5kg食品级硫酸铜（五水品）和99.0kg麦芽糊精常温乳化混合20分钟，经喷雾干燥处理得到均匀的微量元素化合物稀释料半成品，喷雾干燥的进风温度180℃，出风温度95℃，然后再与215.0kg焦磷酸铁和16.5kg乳酸钠钠混合得到B型号的复合氯化锰332.0kg。
Claims (9)
1.食品或保健品用低毒性微量元素化合物稀释料的生产方法，其特征在于：该方法是在乳化地槽中加入工艺水，按比例依次加入食品级微量元素化合物和食品级多糖类化合物，常温乳化搅拌15～20分钟，经喷雾干燥处理得到均匀的微量元素稀释料半成品，再与食品级矿物质和食品级配料按照一定的比例混合得到不同型号的复配营养强化剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的食品或保健品用低毒性微量元素化合物稀释料的生产方法，其特征在于：所述微量元素化合物为铬、钼、硒、铜、镍、锰、碘元素的钠盐、钾盐、氯化物或硫酸盐。
3.根据权利要求1所述的食品或保健品用低毒性微量元素化合物稀释料的生产方法，其特征在于：食品级微量元素化合物和食品配料多糖类化合物的质量百分比为0.05% ～ 20%:80～99.95%。
4.根据权利要求1或3所述的食品或保健品用低毒性微量元素化合物稀释料的生产方法，其特征在于：所述的多糖类化合物为麦芽糊精或纤维素或菊粉中的一种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的食品或保健品用低毒性微量元素化合物稀释料的生产方法，其特征在于：所述微量元素稀释料半成品、食品级矿物质和食品级配料的质量百分比为1～99%:1～99%:1～99%。
6.根据权利要求1或5所述的食品或保健品用低毒性微量元素化合物稀释料的生产方法，其特征在于：所述的食品级矿物质为碳酸钙或焦磷酸铁或柠檬酸锌中的一种。
7.根据权利要求1或5所述的食品或保健品用低毒性微量元素化合物稀释料的生产方法，其特征在于：所述的食品级配料包括柠檬酸及其盐、抗坏血酸及其盐、苹果酸及其盐或乳酸及其盐中的一种或几种。
8.根据权利要求1所述的食品或保健品用低毒性微量元素化合物稀释料的生产方法，其特征在于：所述喷雾干燥的进风温度为160～200℃，出风温度为85～105℃。
9.根据权利要求1所述的食品或保健品用低毒性微量元素化合物稀释料的生产方法，其特征在于：所述低毒性微量元素化合物稀释料用于调制乳粉、大米及其制品、小麦粉及其制品、杂粮粉及其制品、面包、饼干、含乳饮料、婴儿配方食品、较大婴儿和幼儿配方食品、特殊医学用途婴儿配方食品。
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