CN103859237A - Compound aquatic microcapsule initial baits, preparation method and application of initial baits - Google Patents
Compound aquatic microcapsule initial baits, preparation method and application of initial baits Download PDFInfo
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- CN103859237A CN103859237A CN201410132158.4A CN201410132158A CN103859237A CN 103859237 A CN103859237 A CN 103859237A CN 201410132158 A CN201410132158 A CN 201410132158A CN 103859237 A CN103859237 A CN 103859237A
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- aquatic product
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- mouthed bait
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- 239000003094 microcapsule Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229920001184 polypeptide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 240000002900 Arthrospira platensis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000016425 Arthrospira platensis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229940082787 spirulina Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 44
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 claims description 31
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 208000032963 Capsule physical issue Diseases 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000008363 phosphate buffer Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- RWSXRVCMGQZWBV-WDSKDSINSA-N glutathione Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(=O)N[C@@H](CS)C(=O)NCC(O)=O RWSXRVCMGQZWBV-WDSKDSINSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- JLPULHDHAOZNQI-ZTIMHPMXSA-N 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC JLPULHDHAOZNQI-ZTIMHPMXSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
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- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- FRXSZNDVFUDTIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-methoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline Chemical compound N1CCCC2=CC(OC)=CC=C21 FRXSZNDVFUDTIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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Landscapes
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a compound aquatic microcapsule initial baits, a preparation and application of the initial baits. The initial baits are prepared by mixing the following main materials mixed in different proportion: maggot protein polypeptide, edible fungus fermentation liquid, lactobacillus, spirulina powder, soya lecithin and vegetable oil with sodium alga acid according to proportion, carrying out high-speed homogenizing, pressurizing, and spraying the mixture into CaCl2 liquid form micro capsules, and filtrating. The diameters of the initial baits are from micrometers to millimeters and the initial baits can suspend in water in a certain time. The initial baits are suitable for newly hatched aquatic seedlings in different growth stages, can strengthen body immunity, regulate ecological balance of intestinal and promote the growth and development. The initial baits meet the requirements on Green feed and feed addictives due to no antibiotics and shell element and no chemical residue, also have the advantages of low cost, convenience in usage and can be widely adopted in aquatic breeding and aquaculture fields.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of aquaculture microcapsule, particularly micro-capsule open-mouthed bait of aquatic seedling and preparation method thereof and application.
Background technology
Due to the aquatic livestock of hatching seedling take food passive type often of opening for the first time, its death of seedling rate is very high.Reason is that natural environment can not provide enough high-quality starter diets, and breeding water body is due to long-term cyclic culture, has accumulated a large amount of pathogenic microorganisms, is unfavorable for growing of aquatic seedling.Therefore breed in enormous quantities the key that seedling is artificial feeding aquatic livestock, the development of open-mouthed bait becomes key problem in technology.The balanced nutritious composition that will be formed by high animal protein to the basic demand of aquatic seedling open-mouthed bait, so that juvenile fish seedling happiness food and growth that just hatching is fish.Because fry mouth only has 200 microns of sizes, therefore the particle diameter of this type of open-mouthed bait is less than 200 microns conventionally, and disperses in Yi Shui simultaneously.So that seedling swallows.
The aquatic product sprout of China is produced, and mainly adopts for a long time fish meal, Micro Algae, strengthening zooplankter, adds the methods such as meridic diet (yolk, soya-bean milk), solves open-mouthed bait and the larval growth of the seed young and cultivates required bait.Along with the development of large-scale cultivation; the production requirement of aquaculture seed is improved; the biologically active bait that tradition is used; particularly halogen worm's ovum; owing to being subject to the impact of natural environment, produce unstablely, not only in output, can not meet seed Production requirement far away; due to its expensive price, fluctuation and risk that seed produces have been increased especially simultaneously.
China's culture fishery is on a grand scale, but has many medication problems, cause the residual of antibiotic, heavy metal etc. in fish body and water body and accumulate, serious impact the development of China's Non-environmental Pollution Aquiculture.In 180,000 tons of antibiotic of domestic use, have over halfly for herding, culture fishery, aquaculture is used antibiotic amount considerably beyond mankind's summation of use amount clinically.In food, animal antibiotic residue and consequent these drug-fast bacterias by the contact transmission of food or animals and human beings to the mankind, harm humans health.Export of Chinese Aquatic Products is return the economic loss causing and is exceeded tens yuan because antibiotic exceeds standard, residues of pesticides and antibiotic exceed standard becomes a bottleneck of restriction Export of Chinese Aquatic Products.
Therefore, find that a kind of dietary protein origin is abundant, quality is good, the novel green feed addictive that can reduce or replace antibiotic use has very large Practical significance simultaneously.
The nutritional labeling of fly-maggot protein is comprehensive, and crude protein content is high, and content reaches 60%, and essential amino acid is abundant, and lysine and methionine content are respectively 2.6 and 2.7 times of fish meal.Fly-maggot protein contains a kind of very strong bactericidal action " antibacterial active peptide ", can effectively suppress the germ of invasion, and nontoxic to animals and humans, meets the requirement of green cultivation, by the best bait that is aquatic products.But the poorly water-soluble of fly-maggot protein, dissolution rate is low, can not effectively utilize for aquatic seedling.In addition in common Flyblow albumen powder, the content of antibacterial active peptide is also very low, limits it and further utilizes.
Edible fungus fermented liquid and abundant amino acid, vitamin, the trace element of mycelium thereof cultivated through deep liquid, more containing more β-D(1.3) panimmunity such as glucan, xylan, pentosan, GABA, glutathione regulates active material, can strengthen the physique of aquatic seedling, strengthen its resistance against diseases, reduce or do not use the materials such as antibiotic.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of compound aquatic product micro-capsule open-mouthed bait, can simulate natural aquatic product cultivation open-mouthed bait.
The technical problem that the present invention also will solve is to provide the preparation method of above-mentioned compound aquatic product micro-capsule open-mouthed bait.
The technical problem that the present invention finally will solve is to provide the application of above-mentioned compound aquatic product micro-capsule open-mouthed bait.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of compound aquatic product micro-capsule open-mouthed bait, it comprises the component of following percetage by weight:
Above weight percentages of components sum is 100%;
Additionally add:
Sodium alginate 1～3%.
A kind of compound aquatic product micro-capsule open-mouthed bait, it preferably includes the component of following percetage by weight:
Above weight percentages of components sum is 100%;
Additionally add:
Sodium alginate 2～3%.
Wherein, described fly-maggot protein polypeptide liquid, protein concentration is wherein more than 10mg/mL, amino nitrogen content is more than 10mg/100mL, and the bacteriostatic activity of Escherichia coli and salmonella is less than to 1mg/mL.
Wherein, described fly-maggot protein polypeptide liquid prepares as follows: after fly maggot polypide is mixed with phosphate buffer, high-speed homogenization is smashed, after centrifugal, getting supernatant preserves, precipitation continues to mix with phosphate buffer, with phosphoric acid or acetic acid adjust pH to 1～4, add acid protease in 37 ℃ of enzymolysis 1～3 hour, then use NaOH adjust pH to 7～10,37 ℃ of enzymolysis 1～3 hour, enzymolysis liquid mixed and get final product with described supernatant again.
Described fly maggot preferably adopts pig, ox or chicken manure incubation hatching housefly maggot, and the microorganism that utilizes pig, ox or the chicken manure particularly pathogen such as some Escherichia coli, salmonella stimulates the secretion of induction fly maggot to produce various antibacterial peptides or antibacterial substance.
Described fly-maggot protein polypeptide liquid preferably prepares as follows: will be by pig, after ox or chicken manure incubation hatching housefly maggot are clean with clear water rinsing, add by weight the ratio of 2:1 in the phosphate buffer of 0.05M after high-speed homogenization machine beats under 6000rpm condition centrifugal 20 minutes, getting supernatant preserves, centrifugation mixes with the phosphate buffer of same ratio, be adjusted to pH1～4 with phosphoric acid or acetic acid, add acid protease in 37 ℃ of insulations 1～3 hour, be adjusted to pH7～10 with NaOH again, equally 37 ℃ of insulations 1～3 hour, after enzymolysis, mixture mixes and is high protein concentration with aforementioned centrifuged supernatant, there is the fly-maggot protein polypeptide of certain antibacterial activity.
Wherein, described edible mushroom homogenate, wherein β-1, the content of 3 glucans is more than 0.1wt%, and the content separately of wood sugar, xylan and pentosan is more than 1wt%, and alpha-aminobutyric acid content is more than 0.1wt%, and glutathione content is more than 10 μ g/mL.
Wherein, described edible mushroom homogenate prepares as follows: edible mushroom seed liquid is added and in culture medium, carries out liquid deep layer fermenting and cultivate after 3～7 days zymotic fluid and mycelium thereof are beaten and be get final product through refiner by the inoculum concentration of 10～30wt%, during fermented and cultured, control throughput 5～35L/ hour, dissolved oxygen amount is controlled at DO value 10～30%; Wherein, described culture medium comprises the component of following percetage by weight: brewex's grains 5～30%, wheat bran 1～5%, analysis for soybean powder 0.05～1.0%, coarse rice powder 1～9%, sucrose 1～3%, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.05～0.5%, magnesium sulfate 0.03～0.3%, CaCl
20.1～3.0%, Cobastab
110～50mg/L, all the other are water, pH6～8.
Wherein, described edible mushroom is mushroom, straw mushroom, mushroom, auricularia auriculajudae, white fungus, hedgehog hydnum, dictyophora phalloidea, Trichotoma matsutake, dried mushroom, russule, bolete, hickory chick, saddle fungus, ferfas and any one or a few the mixture of picking up the ears in mushroom.
Wherein, in described lactic acid bacteria bacteria suspension, the content of lactic acid bacteria is 10
6～10
12cFU/mL.
Wherein, described lactic acid bacteria bacteria suspension prepares as follows: utilize the zymotic fluid (the above-mentioned supernatant after edible fungus fermented of optional use is zymotic fluid) that contains wood sugar, xylan, pentosan, fermentation process ferments routinely, require fermentation ends after lactic acid bacteria content must not be lower than 10
9cFU/mL, zymotic fluid, after under 3000～7000rpm condition centrifugal 5～30 minutes, is adjusted into 10 by centrifugal thalline with the centrifugal supernatant under similarity condition
6～10
12the mixed liquor of CFU/mL, or OD600 value is more than 0.1, and this is lactic acid bacteria bacteria suspension.Lactic acid bacteria used is the mixed in equal amounts bacterium of streptococcus thermophilus, lactobacillus bulgaricus or two kinds of bacterium.
Compound aquatic product micro-capsule open-mouthed bait of the present invention, contained nutritional labeling is fly-maggot protein polypeptide, edible fungus fermented liquid, lactic acid bacteria, spirulina powder, soybean lecithin, plant wet goods, wherein fly-maggot protein polypeptide has several functions polypeptide (comprising antibacterial peptide) and abundant aliphatic acid, also have the mineral matters such as 18 seed amino acids and calcium, phosphorus, edible fungus fermented liquid, spirulina powder can provide the materials such as abundant nucleotides, vitamin, trace element, are the high-quality nutrient sources of aquatic seedling.Fly-maggot protein polypeptide, edible mushroom, streptococcus acidi lactici fermented solution contain more immune polysaccharide, xylan, pentosan, antibacterial peptide, the special active ingredient of GABA class, be conducive to improve the immunologic function of aquatic seedling, maintain alimentary canal normal physiological environment and the ecological balance, improve resistance against diseases.Soybean lecithin, plant wet goods contain multiple unrighted acid and phospholipid substance, can promote nervous system and even the individual growth of aquatic seedling.By the invention provides various combination of active principles, for aquatic seedling provides the high nutritional labeling of high-quality, does not contain antibiotic and shelling element, meets environment protection requirement growing of different phase, the bait that preparation cost is cheap, easy to use, can extensively promote the use of at green aquatic fry growing and aquaculture field.
The preparation method of above-mentioned compound aquatic product micro-capsule open-mouthed bait, the fly-maggot protein polypeptide liquid of formula ratio, edible mushroom homogenate, lactic acid bacteria bacteria suspension, spirulina powder, soybean lecithin, water and sodium alginate are mixed, 40～60 ℃ of stirring in water bath mix, and at once spray into 15～20wt%CaCl with atomizer pressurization after then adding the peanut oil of formula ratio or soya-bean oil high-speed homogenization machine to beat
2in the aqueous solution, form microcapsule granule and be less than 1 millimeter of micro-capsule with making particle diameter after 80 mesh sieve filtrations.
Wherein, described peanut oil or the formula ratio of soya-bean oil are selected 2 above different amounts, prepare 2 batches of above bait, utilize the characteristic of grease proportion lower than water, thereby and utilize the fat content of variable concentrations can make the different different depths that are suspended in water of proportion of bait.This open-mouthed bait microcapsule granule can be in water different depth stable suspersion, can effectively prevent from, in nutriment loss water, greatly having improved its effective availability.
Above-mentioned compound aquatic product micro-capsule open-mouthed bait is in the application of preparing in aquatic seedling open-mouthed bait.Wherein, described aquatic seedling is preferably prawn seedling.
The bait of preparing through the present invention is at once thrown to spread in pool after can preparing at the scene and is fed and raise, also can be stored in and preserve and use for a long time after Co60 irradiates after airtight packing in the fresh-keeping aqueous solution of 15wt% calcium chloride, 10wt% calcium propionate composition, grind after also can drying sieve after packing preserve.
Beneficial effect: it is that primary raw material mixes by a certain percentage pressurization after high-speed homogenization with sodium alginate and sprays into CaCl that the present invention will contain different proportion fly-maggot protein polypeptide, edible fungus fermented liquid, lactic acid bacteria, spirulina powder, soybean lecithin, vegetable oil
2in solution, form the micro-capsule of making after microcapsule granule filtration, for aquatic seedling provides high animal protein, nutritional labeling equilibrium, has certain antibacterial ability, promotes the nervous system of aquatic seedling and even growth, adjustable seedling alimentary canal normal physiological environment and the ecological balance open-mouthed bait of individuality.Raw material of the present invention is All Pure Nature raw material, nontoxic to aquatic livestock and human body, environmentally friendly, meets the requirement of green cultivation, thereby has wide market prospects.
The specific embodiment
According to following embodiment, the present invention may be better understood.But, those skilled in the art will readily understand, the described content of embodiment is only for the present invention is described, and should also can not limit the present invention described in detail in claims.
Embodiment 1:
The preparation of 1.1 fly-maggot protein polypeptide liquid:
Will be by pig, after ox or chicken manure incubation hatching housefly maggot 1kg are clean with clear water rinsing, add the phosphate buffer 500mL of 0.05M, after beating with high-speed homogenization machine under 6000rpm condition centrifugal 20 minutes, getting supernatant preserves, centrifugation adds same volume 0.05M phosphate buffer to mix, be adjusted to pH3 with phosphoric acid, add acid protease in 37 ℃ insulation 1～hour, be adjusted to pH8 with NaOH again, equally 37 ℃ of insulations 1 hour, enzymolysis product mixes with aforementioned centrifuged supernatant, add the phosphate buffer adjustment protein concentration of 0.05M to be not less than 10mg/mL, amino nitrogen content is not less than 10mg/100mL, obtain fly-maggot protein polypeptide solution, its bacteriostatic activity to Escherichia coli and salmonella is less than 1mg/mL after testing.The preparation of 1.2 edible fungus fermented homogenates:
Get brewex's grains 20wt%, wheat bran 4wt%, analysis for soybean powder 0.6wt%, coarse rice powder 5wt%, sucrose 2wt%, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.2wt%, magnesium sulfate 0.15wt%, CaCl
21.5wt%, Cobastab
120mg/L, after mixing, adding appropriate running water mixes it, with acetic acid and sodium carbonate tune pH to 6～8, after autoclaving, access the edible fungus species of 20wt%, described edible mushroom is mushroom, straw mushroom, mushroom, auricularia auriculajudae, white fungus, hedgehog hydnum, dictyophora phalloidea, Trichotoma matsutake, dried mushroom, russule, bolete, hickory chick, saddle fungus, ferfas and any one or a few the mixture of picking up the ears in mushroom.Use airlift fermentor to carry out deep liquid cultivation.Control throughput 20L/ hour therebetween, dissolved oxygen amount is controlled at DO value 10%, and fermentation period is 4 days.Will be for subsequent use after refiner beats containing mycelium fermentation broth, after testing, wherein β-1, the content of 3 glucans is more than 0.1wt%, the content separately of wood sugar, xylan and pentosan is more than 1wt%, and alpha-aminobutyric acid content is more than 0.1wt%, and glutathione content is more than 10 μ g/mL.
The preparation of 1.3 lactic acid bacteria bacteria suspensions:
Utilizing the edible fungus fermented supernatant of above-mentioned 1.2 preparations is culture medium, accesses the lactic acid bacteria culturers of 1v/v% after autoclaving, uses airlift fermentor to carry out deep liquid cultivation.Control throughput 5L/ hour therebetween, dissolved oxygen amount is controlled at DO value 2%, and fermentation is to 10
9cFU/mL stops fermentation, and zymotic fluid, after under 3000rpm condition centrifugal 30 minutes, is adjusted into 10 by centrifugal thalline with the centrifugal supernatant under similarity condition
6～10
12the mixed liquor of CFU/mL, or OD600 value is more than 0.1, and this is lactic acid bacteria bacteria suspension.Lactic acid bacteria used is the mixed in equal amounts bacterium of streptococcus thermophilus, lactobacillus bulgaricus or two kinds of bacterium.
The preparation of 1.4 micro-capsule open-mouthed baits:
A kind of compound aquatic product micro-capsule open-mouthed bait, it comprises the component of following percetage by weight:
Additionally add:
Sodium alginate 2%.
The fly-maggot protein polypeptide liquid of formula ratio, edible mushroom homogenate, lactic acid bacteria bacteria suspension, spirulina powder, soybean lecithin, water and sodium alginate are mixed, 45 ℃ of stirring in water bath mix, and at once spray into 15wt%CaCl with atomizer pressurization after then adding the peanut oil of formula ratio or soya-bean oil high-speed homogenization machine to beat
2in the aqueous solution, form microcapsule granule and be less than 1 millimeter of micro-capsule with making particle diameter after 80 mesh sieve filtrations.This bait is at once thrown to spread in pool after preparing at the scene and is fed and raise.
Embodiment 2:
The preparation of 2.1 fly-maggot protein polypeptide liquid:
Will by pig, ox or chicken manure incubation hatching housefly maggot 10kg clean with clear water rinsing after, add the phosphate buffer 5000mL of 0.05M, through homogenizer homogeneous 2 times under 20～40MPa condition, obtain homogeneous emulsion; Emulsion under 6000rpm condition centrifugal 20 minutes, getting supernatant preserves, centrifugation adds same volume 0.05M phosphate buffer to mix, and is adjusted to pH3 with phosphoric acid, adds acid protease in 37 ℃ of insulations 3 hours, be adjusted to pH8 with NaOH again, 37 ℃ of insulations 3 hours, enzymolysis product mixed with aforementioned centrifuged supernatant equally, added the phosphate buffer adjustment protein concentration of 0.05M to be not less than 10mg/mL, amino nitrogen content is not less than 10mg/100mL, obtains fly-maggot protein polypeptide solution.
The preparation of 2.2 edible fungus fermented homogenates:
Get brewex's grains 20wt%, wheat bran 5wt%, analysis for soybean powder 0.6wt%, coarse rice powder 8wt%, sucrose 2wt%, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.2wt%, magnesium sulfate 0.15wt%, CaCl
21.5wt%, cobalamin 0mg/L, after mixing, adding appropriate running water mixes it, with acetic acid and sodium carbonate tune PH to 6～8, after autoclaving, access the edible fungus species of 20wt%, described edible mushroom is mushroom, straw mushroom, mushroom, auricularia auriculajudae, white fungus, hedgehog hydnum, dictyophora phalloidea, Trichotoma matsutake, dried mushroom, russule, bolete, hickory chick, saddle fungus, ferfas and any one or a few the mixture of picking up the ears in mushroom.Use airlift fermentor to carry out deep liquid cultivation.Control throughput 20L/ hour therebetween, dissolved oxygen amount is controlled at DO value 20%, and fermentation period is 5 days.Will be for subsequent use after refiner beats containing mycelium fermentation broth, after testing, wherein β-1, the content of 3 glucans is more than 0.1wt%, the content separately of wood sugar, xylan and pentosan is more than 1wt%, and alpha-aminobutyric acid content is more than 0.1wt%, and glutathione content is more than 10 μ g/mL.
2.3 lactic acid bacteria collecting cells:
Utilizing the edible fungus fermented supernatant of above-mentioned 2.2 preparations is culture medium, accesses the lactic acid bacteria culturers of 2v/v% after autoclaving, uses airlift fermentor to carry out deep liquid cultivation.Control throughput 8L/ hour therebetween, dissolved oxygen amount is controlled at DO value 5%, and fermentation is to 10
9cFU/mL stops fermentation.Zymotic fluid was adjusted into 10 by centrifugal thalline by the centrifuged supernatant under similarity condition after under 6000rpm condition centrifugal 20 minutes
10cFU/mL, or OD
600more than 0.5 bacteria suspension of value, this is lactic acid bacteria bacteria suspension.Lactic acid bacteria used is the mixed in equal amounts bacterium of streptococcus thermophilus, lactobacillus bulgaricus or two kinds of bacterium.
The preparation of 2.4 micro-capsule open-mouthed baits:
A kind of compound aquatic product micro-capsule open-mouthed bait, it comprises the component of following percetage by weight:
Additionally add:
Sodium alginate 3%.
The fly-maggot protein polypeptide liquid of formula ratio, edible mushroom homogenate, lactic acid bacteria bacteria suspension, spirulina powder, soybean lecithin, water and sodium alginate are mixed, 45 ℃ of stirring in water bath mix, and at once spray into 20wt%CaCl with atomizer pressurization after then adding the peanut oil of formula ratio or soya-bean oil high-speed homogenization machine to beat
2in the aqueous solution, form microcapsule granule and be less than 1 millimeter of micro-capsule with making particle diameter after 80 mesh sieve filtrations.This bait can be stored in to be preserved and uses for a long time after Co60 irradiates after airtight packing in the fresh-keeping solution of 15wt% calcium chloride, 10wt% calcium propionate composition, grind after also can drying sieve after packing preserve.
Embodiment 3:
The ratio of getting in above-described embodiment the bait of 1,2 preparations mixes rear nutrition purposes, especially for feeding animals in the ratio of 15 ㎏/ton natural feeds and throws something and feeds that (control group is conventional bait to bait: spirulina, yeast, car unit, yolk etc.; Experimental group: conventional bait is with 25%, and microcapsule of the present invention is with 75%), origin operation rules are constant, are still three times on the one: early (5:00), in evening (15:00), night (1 o'clock) or morning, evening twice, also can use according to local feeding method.
Growing state after the use of routine observation animal: body weight gathers way, the death rate, survival rate and animal development situation (as change flea shape I, the II of prawn, change chaff phase, abnormal time), and and control group (all the other are identical except not adding open-mouthed bait) make comparisons, the long growth rate experimental result of prawn body is in table 1.
Table 1
Find that according to another observed result experimental group survival rate is apparently higher than control group, and shrimp seedling vigor is large, growth also fast.Become chaff phase control group and used 59 hours, experimental group has been used 56 hours.Period of metamorphosis, control group has been used 54 hours, and experimental group has been used 51 hours, and survival rate is always higher than 10 percentage points of control groups.
Prove by experiment: experimental group survival rate is higher than control group, growth also fast, the abnormal time needing is short, and seedling is neat, and seedling is strong.
Breeding experiment end product: the experimental group 1,500,000 tail prawn young are bred as young shrimp 500,000 tails, and control group 4,000 ten thousand tails are bred as young shrimp 2,000,000 tails.
Claims (10)
1. a compound aquatic product micro-capsule open-mouthed bait, is characterized in that, it comprises the component of following percetage by weight:
Above weight percentages of components sum is 100%;
Additionally add:
Sodium alginate 1～3%.
2. compound aquatic product micro-capsule open-mouthed bait according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described fly-maggot protein polypeptide liquid, protein concentration is wherein more than 10mg/mL, amino nitrogen content is more than 10mg/100mL, and the bacteriostatic activity of Escherichia coli and salmonella is less than to 1mg/mL.
3. compound aquatic product micro-capsule open-mouthed bait according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, described fly-maggot protein polypeptide liquid prepares as follows: after fly maggot polypide is mixed with phosphate buffer, high-speed homogenization is smashed, after centrifugal, getting supernatant preserves, precipitation continues to mix with phosphate buffer, with phosphoric acid or acetic acid adjust pH to 1～4, add acid protease in 37 ℃ of enzymolysis 1～3 hour, use again NaOH adjust pH to 7～10,37 ℃ of enzymolysis 1～3 hour, enzymolysis liquid mixed and get final product with described supernatant again.
4. compound aquatic product micro-capsule open-mouthed bait according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described edible mushroom homogenate, wherein β-1, the content of 3 glucans is more than 0.1wt%, the content separately of wood sugar, xylan and pentosan is more than 1wt%, and alpha-aminobutyric acid content is more than 0.1wt%, and glutathione content is more than 10 μ g/mL.
5. according to the compound aquatic product micro-capsule open-mouthed bait described in claim 1 or 4, it is characterized in that, described edible mushroom homogenate prepares as follows: edible mushroom seed liquid is added and in culture medium, carries out liquid deep layer fermenting and cultivate after 3～7 days zymotic fluid and mycelium thereof are beaten and be get final product through refiner by the inoculum concentration of 10～30wt%, during fermented and cultured, control throughput 5～35L/ hour, dissolved oxygen amount is controlled at DO value 10～30%; Wherein, described culture medium comprises the component of following percetage by weight: brewex's grains 5～30%, wheat bran 1～5%, analysis for soybean powder 0.05～1.0%, coarse rice powder 1～9%, sucrose 1～3%, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.05～0.5%, magnesium sulfate 0.03～0.3%, CaCl
20.1～3.0%, Cobastab
110～50mg/L, all the other are water, pH6～8.
6. compound aquatic product micro-capsule open-mouthed bait according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described edible mushroom is mushroom, straw mushroom, mushroom, auricularia auriculajudae, white fungus, hedgehog hydnum, dictyophora phalloidea, Trichotoma matsutake, dried mushroom, russule, bolete, hickory chick, saddle fungus, ferfas and any one or a few the mixture of picking up the ears in mushroom.
7. compound aquatic product micro-capsule open-mouthed bait according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described lactic acid bacteria bacteria suspension, the content of lactic acid bacteria is 10
6～10
12cFU/mL.
8. the preparation method of compound aquatic product micro-capsule open-mouthed bait claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the fly-maggot protein polypeptide liquid of formula ratio, edible mushroom homogenate, lactic acid bacteria bacteria suspension, spirulina powder, soybean lecithin, water and sodium alginate are mixed, 40～60 ℃ of stirring in water bath mix, and at once spray into 15～20wt%CaCl with atomizer pressurization after then adding the peanut oil of formula ratio or soya-bean oil high-speed homogenization machine to beat
2in the aqueous solution, form microcapsule granule and be less than 1 millimeter of micro-capsule with making particle diameter after 80 mesh sieve filtrations.
9. the preparation method of compound aquatic product micro-capsule open-mouthed bait according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, described peanut oil or the formula ratio of soya-bean oil are selected 2 above different amounts, prepare 2 batches of above bait, thereby make the different different depths that are suspended in water of proportion of bait.
10. compound aquatic product micro-capsule open-mouthed bait claimed in claim 1 is in the application of preparing in aquatic seedling open-mouthed bait.
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