CN103858634A - Method for promoting broad beans to be early matured and podded - Google Patents
Method for promoting broad beans to be early matured and podded Download PDFInfo
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- CN103858634A CN103858634A CN201410075022.4A CN201410075022A CN103858634A CN 103858634 A CN103858634 A CN 103858634A CN 201410075022 A CN201410075022 A CN 201410075022A CN 103858634 A CN103858634 A CN 103858634A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/28—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for farming
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for promoting broad beans to be early matured and podded. The method comprises the following steps: intermittently treating broad beans by using gibberellin at a low temperature to germinate; spraying the gibberellin and ethephon at a seedling stage; improving the temperature and the light illumination of a greenhouse before a flowering period; applying a compound fertilizer; meanwhile, spraying the gibberellin, the ethephon, boric acid and monopotassium phosphate; spraying an ammonium molybdate solution and a borax solution at a full-blossom period; filling water and shallowly seeding. A film buckling management technology of a suitable opportunity is good for differentiating and expanding flower buds so as to promote the broad beans to be bloomed and matured; meanwhile, the stable production of the broad beans is guaranteed. With the adoption of the method, the market time of fresh bead pods can be two months early when being compared with culture in the open. Therefore, the market time of the fresh bead pods of the broad beans is ahead of time and the income of planting the broad beans is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural technology field, relate in particular to a kind of ahead of time broad bean maturation and bloom to bear pods and can ensure the integrated agriculture technical method of broad bean stable yields simultaneously.
Background technology
Broad bean, has another name called lima bean, broad bean etc., formerly originates from the west and south, Asia and Africa is northern, belongs to annual or biennial long-day herbaceous plant, can be used as grain, vegetables, medicinal material, feed and green manure etc.Very popular as eating leguminous vegetables raw in District of Shanghai, it is of high nutritive value, and mouthfeel is good.The plantation before and after general October in this area, Second Year front and back in May, fresh broad bean listing, the precocity of broad bean affects listing, the front and back of listing determine broad bean price, and listing ahead of time directly can improve grower's income, because broad bean originates in temperate zone, property happiness warm and moist weather, plantation broad bean, causes seedling growth too vigorous, the ability of surviving the winter too early, there are a large amount of aphids etc. to grow simultaneously, affect the output of broad bean.The suggestion such as Gu Guohua (CN102652484A), Wu Chunfang (CN102907236A) is by the low temperature vernalization of seed or Seedling Stage, can do sth. in advance the broad bean ripe listing of blooming, but the effect of this raising is limited, the beanpod Growth and yield that can have influence in advance broad bean in flowering stage simultaneously.Before and after flowering stage, too low short illumination and temperature are unfavorable for the maturation of flower bud differentiation and young pod in addition, thereby are restricting yield of broad bean.
Therefore, those skilled in the art are devoted to develop a kind of processing method that promotes that broad bean precocity bears pods, and can make the ripe listing of broad bean early flowering, ensure again beanpod growth and the output of broad bean.
Summary of the invention
Because contradiction, the ripe impact of impact, illumination and the temperature of low temperature vernalization on broad bean beanpod Growth and yield on flower bud differentiation and young pod of in prior art, planting and surviving the winter between ability too early, technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of method that promotes that broad bean precocity bears pods, make broad bean early ensureing the premature ripening of broad bean after plantation or low temperature vernalization, can obtain again the effect of stable yields.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above by the following method:
A kind of method that promotes that broad bean precocity bears pods is provided, comprises the following steps: (1) Broad Bean Seeds imbibition, germination period carries out gibberellin and vernalization; (2) Seedling Stage carries out the mixed solution processing of gibberellin and ethrel; (3) before initial bloom stage, apply composite fertilizer, carry out the processing of the mixed solution of gibberellin, ethrel, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and borax soln; (4) full-bloom stage carries out the mixed solution processing of ammonium molybdate, borax soln and potassium dihydrogen phosphate.Preferably, Broad Bean Seeds is the large white broad bean seed of Japan, the large rascal Broad Bean Seeds of No. 1 Broad Bean Seeds of kind silkworm or Shanghai.
Further, in step (1), be also included in imbibition front with the solution immersion Broad Bean Seeds containing bacteria remover.Preferably, bacteria remover is one or both in carbendazim and tpn.
Further, in step (1), the concentration of mycin is 40～60ppm, and seed soaking time is 5～7h, low temperature treatment 5～20 days.Preferably, low temperature treatment temperature is 0～5 DEG C.
Further, in the low-temperature process of step (1), every 3 days room temperature treatment 11～13h, to promote sprouting.
Further, in step (2), gibberellin concentration is 90～110ppm, and the concentration of ethrel is 20～40ppm.
Further, in step (2), within after planting 41～43 days and 48～50 days, choose respectively at Broad Bean Seeds the sprinkling of carrying out gibberellin and ethrel for one day.Preferably, every mu of amount of application 50kg of the mixed solution of gibberellin and ethrel, be sunny day noon service time, action effect is now good.
Further, in step (3), the concentration of gibberellin, ethrel and potassium dihydrogen phosphate is respectively 90～110ppm, 20～40ppm and 190～210ppm, and the mass volume ratio concentration of borax soln is 0.1%.Preferably, in step (2), the consumption of composite fertilizer is 25kg/ mu, and the consumption of the mixed solution of gibberellin, ethrel, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and borax soln is 50kg/ mu, improves greenhouse temperature and illumination.Further, improve greenhouse temperature to 20 DEG C, improve illumination.
Further, in step (4), the mass volume ratio concentration of ammonium molybdate and borax soln is respectively 0.1%, 0.3%, and the concentration of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 190～210ppm.Preferably, the consumption of the mixed solution of ammonium molybdate, borax soln and potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 50kg/ mu.
Further, this method also comprises buckle film management, detains mulch film when plantation, and the ground measure that do not need protection before November 10, needs fastener canopy film after November 10～15, need to detain two layers of plastic foil after December 1～5, needs to detain three-layer plastic film after December 15.Preferably, the method is used in District of Shanghai, protects and carries out at booth.
Preferably, the sowing depth of the described Broad Bean Seeds of step (1) is 3～5cm, irrigation before seeding.
The present invention is by carrying out intermittent vernalization to the Broad Bean Seeds of sprouting, and needed enzyme while being conducive to activate broad bean sprouting is conducive to later stage Blooming simultaneously; Apply the sprouting that is conducive to seed after gibberellin, induce the relevant enzymic activity of blooming simultaneously; Seedling Stage and do not bloom before apply gibberellin and ethrel, be conducive to the early flowering phase, initial bloom stage applies ammonium molybdate and boric acid and potassium dihydrogen phosphate and is conducive to stable yields; The buckle film administrative skill on suitable opportunity, is conducive to the differentiation of bud and rouses grain.Utilize the method for this invention, can effectively do sth. in advance broad bean flowering stage, make fresh beanpod Time To Market than outdoor cropping 2 months ahead of time, ensure stable yields simultaneously, thereby improved the income of broad bean plantation.
Below with reference to embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is described further, to understand fully object of the present invention, feature and effect.
Embodiment
The concrete grammar that promotes broad bean precocity to bear pods is as follows:
(1) germination period gibberellin and vernalization
Select the healthy full uniform Broad Bean Seeds of eating raw, put in the solution that adds the bacteria removers such as carbendazim (5g/L) and soak 20～24h, rinse and make seed suction moisture with mobile water, put into the 6h that soaks seed in the Gibberellins solution of 50ppm, then seed is put in mesh bag, carry out low temperature (0～5 DEG C) processing and (every 3 days, the broad bean of cold treatment is placed on to 10～12h in room temperature environment in 20～25 days, can activate the activity of many relevant enzyme in broad bean body), until there is budlet point to sprout, seed is implanted in booth.
(2) Seedling Stage processing
Broad bean carries out twice sprinkling 100ppm gibberellin and 30ppm ethrel mixed solution for after planting 41～43 days and 48～50 days, and every mu of spray medicine 50kg, used up at 3 o'clock in afternoon in the morning 9 of sunny day.
(3) before initial bloom stage, process
Before expecting to bloom, broad bean within 2 weeks, there is bud, in the soil of plantation, apply composite fertilizer 25kg/ mu, spray the mixed solution of 100ppm gibberellin, 30ppm ethrel, 200ppm potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.1% borax soln (w/t) simultaneously, every mu of spray medicine 50kg, improves greenhouse temperature (20 degree left and right) and illumination in addition.
(4) full-bloom stage processing
The full-bloom stage that broad bean is bloomed 15～20 days sprays the mixed solution of 0.1% ammonium molybdate (w/t), 0.3% borax soln (w/t) and 200ppm potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
(5) buckle film management
Produce at plastic tunnel and protect and carry out; after degerming, soak seed; process plantation in 5～20 days; irrigation before seeding, sowing depth 3～5cm, need to detain mulch film when plantation; ground measure did not need protection before November 10; after November 10～15, need fastener canopy film, after December 1～5, need to detain two layers of plastic foil, after December 15, need to detain three-layer plastic film.
Embodiment 1
At the beginning of 8 months, select the large white broad bean seed of healthy full uniform Japan, put into immersion 24h in the solution (5g/L) that adds carbendazim, then rinse and make seed suction moisture with mobile water, put into the 6h that soaks seed in the Gibberellins solution of 50ppm, then seed is put in mesh bag, put into 4 DEG C of refrigerators, carry out low temperature treatment 2 weeks, need during this period within each about 3 days, rinse once with flowing water, room temperature is placed after 12 hours and is continued low temperature treatment, sprout until there is budlet point, then seed is implanted in booth, irrigation before seeding, sowing depth is 4cm.
Broad bean after planting, carries out respectively twice sprinkling 100ppm gibberellin and 30ppm ethrel mixed solution to broad bean seedling on the 41st and the 48th day, and every mu of spray medicine 50kg, used up at 3 o'clock in afternoon in the morning 9 of sunny day.
Broad bean expect bloom before 2 weeks, in the soil of plantation, apply composite fertilizer 25kg/ mu, spray the mixed solution of 100ppm gibberellin, 30ppm ethrel, 200ppm potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.1% borax soln (w/t) simultaneously, every mu of spray medicine 50kg, improves greenhouse temperature (20 DEG C of left and right) and illumination in addition.
Broad bean bloom after the 15th day full-bloom stage spray the mixed solution of 0.1% ammonium molybdate (w/t), 0.3% borax soln (w/t) and 200ppm potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
Produce at plastic tunnel and protect and carry out, when plantation, need to detain mulch film, November 10, rear fastener canopy film, needed to detain two layers of plastic foil after December 1, needed to detain three-layer plastic film after December 15.
Embodiment 2
In mid-August, select No. 1 Broad Bean Seeds of healthy full uniform kind silkworm, put into immersion 24h in the solution (10g/L) that adds carbendazim, rinse and make Seed imbibition with mobile water, put into the 6h that soaks seed in the Gibberellins solution of 50ppm, then seed is put in mesh bag, cover (0 degree Celsius of left and right) in the ice of ice machine and carry out low temperature treatment 18 days (not needing flowing water to rinse), sprout until there is budlet point, then seed is implanted in booth, irrigation before seeding, sowing depth 5cm.
After planting, twice sprinkling 100ppm gibberellin and 30ppm ethrel mixed solution are carried out respectively to broad bean seedling in the 42nd day and the 49th day to broad bean, and every mu of spray medicine 50kg, used up at 3 o'clock in afternoon in the morning 9 of sunny day.
Broad bean expect bloom before 2 weeks, in the soil of plantation, apply composite fertilizer 25kg/ mu, spray the mixed solution of 100ppm gibberellin, 30ppm ethrel, 200ppm potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.1% borax soln (w/t) simultaneously, every mu of spray medicine 50kg, improves greenhouse temperature (20 DEG C of left and right) and illumination in addition.
Broad bean bloom after the 18th day full-bloom stage spray the mixed solution of 0.1% ammonium molybdate (w/t), 0.3% borax soln (w/t) and 200ppm potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
Produce at plastic tunnel and protect and carry out, when plantation, need to detain mulch film, November 13, rear fastener canopy film, needed to detain two layers of plastic foil after December 3, needed to detain three-layer plastic film after December 15.
Embodiment 3
At the beginning of 9 months, select the large rascal Broad Bean Seeds in healthy full uniform Shanghai, put into immersion 24h in the solution (8g/L) that adds tpn, rinse and make Seed imbibition with mobile water, put into the 6h that soaks seed in the Gibberellins solution of 50ppm, then seed is put in mesh bag, cover (0 degree Celsius of left and right) in the ice of ice machine and carry out low temperature treatment 20 days (not needing flowing water to rinse), sprout until there is budlet point, then seed is implanted in booth, irrigation before seeding, sowing depth 3cm.
After planting, twice sprinkling 100ppm gibberellin and 30ppm ethrel mixed solution are carried out respectively to broad bean seedling in the 43rd day and the 50th day to broad bean, and every mu of spray medicine 50kg, used up at 3 o'clock in afternoon in the morning 9 of sunny day.
Broad bean expect bloom before 2 weeks, in the soil of plantation, apply composite fertilizer 25kg/ mu, spray the mixed solution of 100ppm gibberellin, 30ppm ethrel, 200ppm potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.1% borax soln (w/t) simultaneously, every mu of spray medicine 50kg, improves greenhouse temperature (20 DEG C of left and right) and illumination in addition.
Broad bean bloom after the 20th day full-bloom stage spray the mixed solution of 0.1% ammonium molybdate (w/t), 0.3% borax soln (w/t) and 200ppm potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
Produce at plastic tunnel and protect and carry out, when plantation, need to detain mulch film, November 15, rear fastener canopy film, needed to detain two layers of plastic foil after December 5, needed to detain three-layer plastic film after December 15.
More than describe preferred embodiment of the present invention in detail.Should be appreciated that those of ordinary skill in the art just can design according to the present invention make many modifications and variations without creative work.Therefore, all technical staff in the art, all should be in by the determined protection domain of claims under this invention's idea on the basis of existing technology by the available technical scheme of logical analysis, reasoning, or a limited experiment.
Claims (10)
1. promote the method that broad bean precocity bears pods, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps: (1) Broad Bean Seeds imbibition, germination period carries out gibberellin and vernalization; (2) Seedling Stage carries out the mixed solution processing of gibberellin and ethrel; (3) before initial bloom stage, apply composite fertilizer, carry out the mixed solution processing of gibberellin, ethrel, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and borax soln; (4) full-bloom stage carries out the mixed solution processing of ammonium molybdate, borax soln and potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
2. a kind of method that promotes that broad bean precocity bears pods according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step (1), is also included in front the using containing the solution of bacteria remover of imbibition and soaks described Broad Bean Seeds.
3. a kind of method that promotes that broad bean precocity bears pods according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step (1), the concentration of described gibberellin is 40～60ppm, and seed soaking time is 5～7h, low temperature treatment 5～20 days.
4. a kind of method that promotes that broad bean precocity bears pods according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in the described low-temperature process of step (1), every 3 days room temperature treatment 11～13h.
5. a kind of method that promotes that broad bean precocity bears pods according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step (2), described gibberellin concentration is 90～110ppm, and the concentration of described ethrel is 20～40ppm.
6. a kind of method that promotes that broad bean precocity bears pods according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step (2), within after planting 41～43 days and 48～50 days, chooses respectively at Broad Bean Seeds the sprinkling of carrying out gibberellin and ethrel for one day.
7. a kind of method that promotes that broad bean precocity bears pods according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step (3), the concentration of described gibberellin, ethrel and potassium dihydrogen phosphate is respectively 90～110ppm, 20～40ppm and 190～210ppm, and the mass volume ratio concentration of described borax soln is 0.1%.
8. a kind of method that promotes that broad bean precocity bears pods according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step (4), the mass volume ratio concentration of described ammonium molybdate and borax soln is respectively 0.1%, 0.3%, and the concentration of described potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 190～210ppm.
9. a kind of method that promotes that broad bean precocity bears pods according to claim 1; it is characterized in that; also comprise buckle film management; when plantation, detain mulch film; ground measure did not need protection before November 10; after November 10～15, need fastener canopy film, after December 1～5, need to detain two layers of plastic foil, after December 15, need to detain three-layer plastic film.
10. a kind of method that promotes that broad bean precocity bears pods according to claim 9, is characterized in that, the sowing depth of the described Broad Bean Seeds of step (1) is 3～5cm, irrigation before seeding.
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Cited By (8)
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| CN104938090A (en) * | 2015-06-27 | 2015-09-30 | 蚌埠市双墩农业生物科技开发有限责任公司 | Method for improving germination rate of broad bean seeds |
| CN105706692A (en) * | 2016-02-19 | 2016-06-29 | 江西省科学院生物资源研究所 | Method for promoting lupin pod bearing and improving seed yield |
| CN106305090A (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2017-01-11 | 江苏沿江地区农业科学研究所 | Single-shed vernalization early-mature high-efficiency planting method of broad beans |
| CN106982639A (en) * | 2017-05-23 | 2017-07-28 | 江苏沿海地区农业科学研究所 | A kind of broad bean ealy maturing culture management method of two sections of temperature controls |
| CN107114035A (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2017-09-01 | 合肥卓畅农业科技有限公司 | A kind of high yield ecological implantation methods of broad bean |
| CN107637248A (en) * | 2017-11-06 | 2018-01-30 | 桐梓县小水芦柑专业合作社 | A kind of implantation methods of broad bean |
| CN107889717A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-04-10 | 江苏沿江地区农业科学研究所 | A kind of method for improving broad bean vernalization bud vigor |
| CN108496459A (en) * | 2018-03-01 | 2018-09-07 | 浙江省农业科学院 | A kind of broad bean vernalization matrix seeding cultivating method |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104938090A (en) * | 2015-06-27 | 2015-09-30 | 蚌埠市双墩农业生物科技开发有限责任公司 | Method for improving germination rate of broad bean seeds |
| CN105706692A (en) * | 2016-02-19 | 2016-06-29 | 江西省科学院生物资源研究所 | Method for promoting lupin pod bearing and improving seed yield |
| CN105706692B (en) * | 2016-02-19 | 2018-05-08 | 江西省科学院生物资源研究所 | A kind of method for promoting lupin to bear pods and improve seed production |
| CN106305090A (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2017-01-11 | 江苏沿江地区农业科学研究所 | Single-shed vernalization early-mature high-efficiency planting method of broad beans |
| CN106982639A (en) * | 2017-05-23 | 2017-07-28 | 江苏沿海地区农业科学研究所 | A kind of broad bean ealy maturing culture management method of two sections of temperature controls |
| CN107114035A (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2017-09-01 | 合肥卓畅农业科技有限公司 | A kind of high yield ecological implantation methods of broad bean |
| CN107637248A (en) * | 2017-11-06 | 2018-01-30 | 桐梓县小水芦柑专业合作社 | A kind of implantation methods of broad bean |
| CN107889717A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-04-10 | 江苏沿江地区农业科学研究所 | A kind of method for improving broad bean vernalization bud vigor |
| CN108496459A (en) * | 2018-03-01 | 2018-09-07 | 浙江省农业科学院 | A kind of broad bean vernalization matrix seeding cultivating method |
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